Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
  • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
  • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
  • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
  • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
  • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
  • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
  • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
  • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
  • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
  • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
  • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fuel cell device, comprising at least one fuel cell stack and at least one processor unit.
• Fuel cell devices are already known which have a fuel cell stack and a processor unit.
• the present invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that a distributor plate for media routing is arranged between the at least one fuel cell stack and the at least one processor unit. This enables an improved and more compact design of the fuel cell device.
• a “processor unit” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a unit or component of the fuel cell device that is not a fuel cell and / or a fuel cell stack.
• the processor unit is a unit for, preferably chemical and / or thermal, preparation and / or post-processing of at least one medium to be converted and / or converted in the at least one fuel cell stack, such as a fuel gas, air and / or a Exhaust gas.
• the processor unit is preferably a reformer, an afterburner and / or a heat exchanger.
• the distribution plate fluidically connects the at least one processor unit with the at least one fuel cell stack.
• a compact fluidic connection can be created between the at least one processor unit and the fuel cell stack, with the number of parts being reduced at the same time.
• the distribution plate has media guides that are spatially separated from one another between two sub-plates for at least one medium to be converted and / or converted in the at least one fuel cell stack, whereby particularly good media routing can be implemented.
• the distributor plate is designed in one piece, preferably as a cast part, as a result of which the production costs can be reduced.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a fuel cell device
• FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of the exemplary embodiment of the fuel cell device from FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a further perspective illustration of the exemplary embodiment of the fuel cell device from the preceding figures
• FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of a lower region of the exemplary embodiment of the fuel cell device from the preceding figures
• FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the lower region of the embodiment of FIG
• FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a distributor plate of the exemplary embodiments of the fuel cell device from the preceding figures.
• the fuel cell device 10 comprises two fuel cell stacks 12, which have a multiplicity of fuel cells, in the present case solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), as well as a multiplicity of processor units 14.
• SOFC solid oxide fuel cells
• a “processor unit” 14 is to be understood in particular as a unit or component of the fuel cell device 10 that is not a fuel cell and / or a fuel cell stack 12.
• the processor units 14 are units for chemical and / or thermal preparation and / or post-processing of at least one medium to be converted and / or converted in the fuel cell stack 12, such as a fuel gas, air and / or an exhaust gas .
• One of the processor units 14 is a heat exchanger 18 arranged in an air supply 16 for heating one of the fuel cell stacks 12 supplied air L.
• the air L is supplied to a cathode chamber 20 of the fuel cell stacks 12, for example in normal operation, while reformed fuel RB, in the present hydrogen, is fed to a cathode chamber 22.
• the reformed fuel is converted electrochemically with the generation of electricity and heat.
• the reformed fuel RB is generated by supplying fuel B, in the present case natural gas, to the fuel cell device 10 via a fuel feed 24, which fuel B is reformed in a further processor unit 14, in the present case a reformer 26. Furthermore, the fuel cell stacks 12 are connected on the exhaust gas side to a further processor unit 14, in the present case to an afterburner 28. Exhaust gas from fuel cell stacks 12 is fed to afterburner 28, in the present case cathode exhaust gas KA via a cathode exhaust gas duct 30 and anode exhaust gas AA via an anode exhaust gas duct 32.
• the cathode exhaust gas contains predominantly unused air L, while anode exhaust gas AA contains unreacted fuel B, among other things.
• the anode exhaust gas AA, or the unreacted fuel B contained therein is burned with admixture of the cathode exhaust gas KA, or the air L contained therein, whereby additional heat can be generated.
• the hot exhaust gas A produced during the combustion in the afterburner 28 is discharged from the afterburner 28 via an exhaust gas duct 34 via a further processor unit 14, in the present case via a heat exchanger 36.
• the heat exchanger 36 is in turn fluidically connected to the reformer 26, so that heat is transferred from the hot exhaust gas A to the fuel B supplied to the reformer 26.
• the heat of the hot exhaust gas A can be used for reforming the fuel B supplied in the reformer 26.
• a further processor unit 14 Downstream of the heat exchanger 36 there is a further processor unit 14, in the present case the heat exchanger 18, in the exhaust gas duct 34, so that the remaining heat of the hot exhaust gas A can be transferred to the air L supplied in the air supply 16.
• the remaining heat of the hot exhaust gas can be used to preheat the air L supplied in the air duct 16.
• the fuel cell device 10 has a return line 38, by means of which anode exhaust gas AA can be partially branched off from the anode exhaust gas line 30 and fed to the fuel supply 22.
• the return line 34 forms an anode recirculation circuit 40 with the fuel supply 22, by means of which anode exhaust gas AA can be returned to the anode of the fuel cell 12, so that any unconverted fuel B in the anode exhaust gas AA can subsequently be converted, whereby the efficiency of the fuel cell device 10 continues can be increased.
• the supply of air L in the air supply 16, the supply of fuel B in the fuel supply 24 and the Recirculation rate of the anode exhaust gas AA in the anode recirculation circuit 40 can be regulated and / or coordinated with one another.
• the fuel cell device has a heating element 44 for, in the present case additional, heating of the air L supplied to the fuel cell stacks 12 in a bypass line 46, as a result of which the operating efficiency of the fuel cell device 10 is increased.
• FIGS. 2-4 show perspective representations of an exemplary embodiment of a fuel cell device 10, and FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a lower region of the fuel cell device 10.
• the illustrations show a specific implementation of the fuel cell device 10 according to the circuit diagram from FIG. 1.
• the processor units 14 are a reformer 26, an afterburner 28 and two heat exchangers 18, 36. From FIGS. 2-5 it can be seen that the processor units 14 are arranged, in the present case on their edges, in such a way that media guide spaces that are separate from one another are formed on or between the processor units 14.
• the air supply 16 and the exhaust gas duct 34 are designed at least essentially as media ducting spaces 48. As a result, no pipework is required between the processor units 14, which on the one hand simplifies assembly and on the other hand reduces the number of parts.
• the fuel cell device is now characterized in that a distributor plate 50 for media routing is arranged between the fuel cell stacks 12 and the processor units 14. As a result, a compact design of the fuel cell device 10 can be realized. In addition, the connection or assembly of the fuel cell stacks 12 to the processor units 14 is simplified.
• the fuel cell stacks 12 and the processor units 14 are arranged spatially separated from one another, as a result of which the accessibility to individual components, for example during maintenance, is improved.
• the fuel cells 12 are arranged in an upper region 52, while the Processor units are arranged in a lower region 54.
• the fuel cell device is shown essentially open. In fact, the fuel cell stacks 12 are placed in a first housing (not shown) and the processor units 14 are placed in a second housing 58.
• the second housing 58 together with the processor units 14, forms the media guides or media guide spaces 48 for the media to be converted and / or converted in the fuel cell stacks, such as fuel B, reformed fuel RB, air L, cathode exhaust gas KA, anode exhaust gas AA and / or the exhaust gas A.
• the distribution plate 50 now fluidically connects the processor units 14 to the fuel cell stacks 12, which results in a particularly elegant and compact fluidic connection.
• the distributor plate has between two sub-plates arranged at a distance from one another, media guides 60, which are embodied separately from one another, for the media to be relocated and / or relocated in the fuel cell stack 12.
• media guides 60 which are embodied separately from one another, for the media to be relocated and / or relocated in the fuel cell stack 12.
• Fig. 6 a plan view of the distributor plate 50 is shown accordingly.
• the distributor plate 50 has openings 62 and associated media guides 64 for the air L supplied to the fuel cell stacks 12,
• the openings shown in dashed lines are made in a first (lower) sub-plate 78, while the openings shown in solid lines are made in a second (upper) sub-plate 80 (cf. FIGS. 4 and 5).
• the media guides 60 are formed between the openings made in the first (lower) partial plate 78 and the associated openings made in the second (upper) partial plate 80.
• the media guides 60 are laterally bordered and sealed by walls 82.
• the walls 82 in turn separate the first (lower) sub-plate 78 and the second (upper) sub-plate from one another, which in turn creates space for any further supply and / or discharge lines despite the compactness. which can also be connected and / or introduced from the outside, for example.
• the connections of the fuel cell stacks 12 and the connections of the second partial housing 84, which has the processor units 14, can also be adapted to one another by means of the distributor plate 50 or through the media guides 60 introduced in the distributor plate.
• different types of fuel cell stacks 12 can be used as required by adapting the media guides 60.
• the distributor plate 50 is designed in one piece, preferably as a cast part, as a result of which the production costs are reduced.
• the distributor plate 50 it would also be possible for the distributor plate 50 to be welded from sheet metal parts and / or to be produced by 3D printing.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=72709354

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2019
  • 2019-10-02 DE DE102019215230.9A patent/DE102019215230A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-09-28 EP EP20785470.4A patent/EP4038682A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-09-28 WO PCT/EP2020/077047 patent/WO2021063859A1/de unknown
  • 2020-09-28 US US17/765,501 patent/US20220384836A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-28 CN CN202080069280.5A patent/CN114503319A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-09-28 KR KR1020227013545A patent/KR20220073774A/ko unknown

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