EP4034311A1 - Dispositif électroacoustique - Google Patents
Dispositif électroacoustiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4034311A1 EP4034311A1 EP20780191.1A EP20780191A EP4034311A1 EP 4034311 A1 EP4034311 A1 EP 4034311A1 EP 20780191 A EP20780191 A EP 20780191A EP 4034311 A1 EP4034311 A1 EP 4034311A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support
- transducer
- wave
- electrodes
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
- B06B1/067—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface which is used as, or combined with, an impedance matching layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B11/00—Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B11/04—Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto specially adapted for plate glass, e.g. prior to manufacture of windshields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
- B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
- B08B7/0071—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/56—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices specially adapted for cleaning other parts or devices than front windows or windscreens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/40—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups with testing, calibrating, safety devices, built-in protection, construction details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
- B08B7/026—Using sound waves
- B08B7/028—Using ultrasounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for generating an ultrasonic surface wave propagating in a support and a method implementing this device for melting a body disposed on the support and / or for moving a body in the liquid state on the support
- modern motor vehicles generally include one or more driving assistance systems which use numerous sensors, for example optical sensors, such as a lidar to evaluate a distance between the vehicle and an object, or probes, for example a Pitot probe.
- optical sensors such as a lidar
- probes for example a Pitot probe.
- a mechanical force on the drops cannot be easily applied to clean the surface of such a sensor, for lack of space available to have suitable mechanical means which could also damage the surface.
- a known de-icing technique consists in blowing hot air on the face of the windshield opposite that on which a layer of frost and / or ice has deposited.
- the defrost time required by such a technique is particularly high.
- To defrost a rear window it is known practice to dispose therein, by mass or by volume, a metal filament following a path formed by regularly spaced lines.
- the circulation of an electric current within the filament generates a heating by Joule effect, which results in a fusion of the layer of frost and / or ice near the filament in the form of a water film, then in the evaporation of the water film.
- a filament limits the rear field of vision accessible to the driver of the vehicle.
- the layer of frost and / or ice generally comprises particles which remain in contact with the support once the film of water has evaporated. It is then necessary to frequently clean the rear window, which is tedious.
- the formation of frost and / or ice also disturbs the operation of the sensors of on-board driving systems.
- the surfaces of such sensors can also be struck by external elements such as insects, dust particles, mud, at speeds of the order of that of the vehicle on which they are mounted.
- a cleaning device for such a surface must therefore be robust enough to withstand such an environment.
- an electroacoustic device comprising:
- an ultrasonic wave transducer comprising a piezoelectric substrate and first and second electrodes in contact with the piezoelectric substrate, and
- the transducer being fixed to the support and acoustically coupled with the support and the first and second electrodes being sandwiched, at least in part, between the piezoelectric substrate and the support, the device being configured to generate a wave of ultrasonic surface propagating in the remote transducer mount when an electric current passes through the first and second electrodes.
- the device according to the invention is robust.
- the first and second electrodes being protected by the support and by the piezoelectric substrate, their degradation is thus limited, for example when the transducer is brought into contact with external elements such as mentioned above.
- the device according to the invention can advantageously be used to clean a surface covered with a body, for example with a liquid.
- the transducer is configured to generate a guided wave which transforms into the ultrasonic surface wave in the holder remote from the transducer.
- the ultrasonic “guided” wave propagates both in the support and in the transducer, near the respective faces of the substrate and of the support facing each other.
- the guided wave can also propagate in the intermediate layer.
- the ultrasonic guided wave can in particular be a Stoneley wave.
- the first and second electrodes are disposed on the piezoelectric substrate. Preferably, they are in contact with the piezoelectric substrate.
- the first and second electrodes are in contact with the support or are in contact with an intermediate layer, preferably formed of glue, placed on the support.
- the generation of the ultrasonic surface wave is thus facilitated.
- the intermediate layer preferably has a thickness less than the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic guided wave. In particular, it may have a thickness less than one tenth of said fundamental wavelength of the guided wave, in order to limit transmission losses through the intermediate layer.
- the device can be configured so that the fundamental frequency of the ultrasonic guided wave is between 0.1 MHz and 1000 MHz, preferably between 10 MHz and 100 MHz, for example equal to 40 MHz.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric substrate is greater than the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasound guided wave. This prevents the ultrasonic guided wave from reaching the face opposite to that coated by the first and second electrodes.
- an additional member such as a protection member as described below, can be placed on said opposite face without the guided wave being able to reach G org ane.
- a part of the first electrode, respectively of the second electrode, may protrude from the support.
- the portion of the first electrode, respectively the second electrode, protruding from the holder may define a power supply connector.
- the power supply connector may be configured to be electrically connected to a current generator.
- an acoustic device comprising: - an ultrasonic wave transducer comprising a piezoelectric substrate and first and second electrodes in contact with the piezoelectric substrate, and
- the transducer being fixed to the support and acoustically coupled with the support, the transducer projecting from an edge of the support, the first and second electrodes coating a face of the substrate facing the support and being arranged on a portion of the support.
- piezoelectric substrate not superimposed on the support the device being configured to generate an ultrasonic surface wave propagating in the support remote from the transducer, when an electric current passes through the first and second electrodes.
- the first and second electrodes can thus be protected from external elements by the piezoelectric substrate, which limits their degradation. Furthermore, the electrodes being disposed projecting from the edge of the substrate, the area of the support coated by the transducer is reduced.
- the specific arrangement of the first and second electrodes makes it possible to reduce heating of the device during the generation of the ultrasonic wave.
- the heating of the support is thus limited by conduction of the heat produced by the electrodes.
- the transducer is bonded to the support by means of a polymer adhesive, the risk of detachment between the transducer and the support which can result from excessive heating of the adhesive by conversion of dye is reduced. 'part of the energy of the ultrasonic wave that the latter has absorbed.
- the transducer is preferably configured to generate a primary ultrasonic wave propagating in the substrate and which converts to the ultrasonic surface wave propagating in the medium remote from the transducer, when an electric current passes through the first and second electrodes.
- the device according to any of its aspects may further have any of the following optional features.
- the transducer can be attached to the bracket in various ways. It can be glued to the support, in particular by means of a polymeric adhesive.
- the adhesive may be crosslinkable by illumination with ultraviolet radiation. It is for example an epoxy resin.
- the transducer can be attached by molecular adhesion, or by means of a thin metallic layer ensuring adhesion between the support and the substrate.
- the layer may be of a metal or of an alloy with a low melting point, ie having a melting point of less than 200 ° C., for example of an indium alloy.
- the metallic layer may be made of a metal or of an alloy having a melting point of greater than 200 ° C., for example of an alloy of aluminum and / or gold.
- the transducer can be fixed to the support by means of a method comprising a step of melting a portion of the substrate and / or a portion of the support followed by a step consisting in compressing the substrate together and the support, the respective molten portions of the support and the substrate being in contact with one another.
- the transducer can be fixed to the support by means of a method comprising the deposition of tie layers of a low melting temperature alloy on a portion of the substrate and on a portion of the support respectively, the melting in less partial of said tie layers, then compressing the substrate with the support, the faces of the tie layers opposite the support and the substrate being brought into contact with each other during compression.
- the tie layers can be deposited by cathodic sputtering, or by an evaporation technique implemented in the field of thin film deposition.
- the substrate is preferably glued to the support.
- the face of the substrate facing the support is preferably glued to the support, by means of an intermediate layer of adhesive which further acoustically couples the transducer to the support.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than the wavelength of the primary ultrasonic wave so that the latter can be transmitted efficiently from the transducer to the support, that is to say by limiting the dissipation in the layer. glue.
- the device according to any of its aspects may have one of the following characteristics.
- the device can be configured so that the fundamental frequency of the ultrasonic surface wave is between 0.1 MHz and 1000 MHz, preferably between 10 MHz and 100 MHz, for example equal to 40 MHz.
- the ultrasonic surface wave can be a Rayleigh wave or a Lamb wave. In particular, it can be a Rayleigh wave when the support has a thickness greater than the wavelength of the ultrasonic surface wave.
- a Rayleigh wave is preferred because a maximum proportion of the energy of the wave is concentrated on the face of the support on which it propagates, and can be transmitted to a body in contact with the support.
- the device can be configured so that the amplitude of the surface ultrasonic wave is between 1 picometer and 500 nanometers.
- the amplitude can depend on the frequency of the fundamental wave. In particular, the higher the frequency, the lower the amplitude can be.
- the amplitude of the surface ultrasonic wave corresponds to the normal displacement of the face of the medium on which the ultrasonic surface wave propagates and can be measured by laser interferometry.
- the support can be made of any material capable of propagating an ultrasonic surface wave.
- the medium can be chosen so that the attenuation length of the surface wave in the medium is greater than the area to be insonified.
- the support can be self-supporting, in the sense that it can deform, in particular elastically, without breaking under its own weight.
- the face of the medium on which the longitudinal surface wave propagates may be planar. It can also be curved, provided that the radius of curvature of the face is greater than the wavelength of the ultrasonic surface wave.
- the face may be rough.
- the roughness will preferably be less than the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic surface wave, in order to avoid that they significantly affect their propagation.
- the support can in particular be in the form of a flat or curved plate.
- the thickness of the support can be less than 0.01 m.
- the length of the support may be greater than 1 mm, or even greater than 1 cm, or even greater than 1 m.
- the area of one face of the plate can be between 0.01 m 2 and 10 m 2 .
- thickness of the support we consider the smallest dimension of the support measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the ultrasonic wave propagates.
- the support may be optically transparent, in particular to light in the visible or to radiation in the ultraviolet or in the infrared. The process is thus then particularly suitable for applications in which the improvement of the visual comfort of a user observing his environment through the support is sought.
- the support can be made of a material chosen from piezoelectric materials, polymers, in particular thermoplastics, in particular polycarbonate, glasses, metals and ceramics.
- the support is made of a material other than a piezoelectric material.
- the support is chosen from the group formed by:
- an automotive surface for example chosen from a windshield of a vehicle, a glazing of a rear-view mirror, or
- a sensor for example an optical sensor, a thermal sensor, an acoustic sensor or a pressure or speed sensor, in particular a probe, for example a Pitot probe,
- the optical device being for example chosen from a lens of a camera, a glass of a telescope, and
- the support can be a laboratory-on-chip substrate, in particular intended for microfluidic applications.
- the support can be an element of the structure of an aircraft, for example a wing, a fuselage or an empennage.
- the support preferably has a thin shape.
- the ratio of the length of the support to the thickness of the support can be greater than 10, or even greater than 100, or even greater than 1000.
- the support can also be chosen from an element of a heat exchanger, a plumbing installation and an element of a ventilation system.
- Such supports generally have surfaces which are difficult to access in order to evacuate the drops of liquid which settle there, for example by condensation, and which can solidify.
- the support may be a food storage element, for example an internal wall of a refrigerator, or a wall exposed to the condensation of a liquid which may solidify.
- a food storage element for example an internal wall of a refrigerator, or a wall exposed to the condensation of a liquid which may solidify.
- the condensation of water drops and their solidification on a wall increases the heat exchange between the wall and the volume of fresh air in the refrigerator, reducing its efficiency.
- the ratio between the area of the support covered by the transducer and the area of the face of the support on which the transducer is attached may be less than 15%.
- the transducer preferably has a thin shape.
- the ratio of the length of the transducer to the thickness of the transducer can be greater than 10, or even greater than 100, or even greater than 1000.
- the transducer can be in the form of a plate, flat or curved.
- the transducer can have a thickness between 10 picometers and 1 micrometer.
- the transducer may have a length and / or a width of preferably between 1 millimeter and 20 cm.
- the first and second electrodes form first and second interdigitated combs.
- the first and second comb may preferably have a base from which extends a row of fingers, the fingers preferably being parallel to each other.
- the fingers can have a width of between the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic wave divided by 8 and the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic wave divided by 2.
- the width of the fingers partly determines the fundamental frequency of l ultrasonic surface wave.
- a small finger width increases the electrical resistance of the transducer, which can result in heating which can contribute to the melting of a body which is in contact with the support or to maintaining the body in a liquid state.
- the spacing between two consecutively adjacent fingers of a row of the first comb, respectively of the second comb may be between the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic wave divided by 8 and the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic wave divided by 2.
- the number of interdigitated fingers can be increased to increase the quality factor of the transducer.
- Each comb preferably comprises between 2 and 50 fingers.
- the substrate can be a thin film deposited, for example by chemical vapor deposition or by physical vapor deposition, on the support.
- the substrate can be self-supporting, that is to say sufficiently rigid not to bend under the effect of its own weight.
- the self-supporting substrate can be fixed, for example glued, on the support.
- the piezoelectric material can be selected from the group consisting of lithium niobate, aluminum nitride, lead titanozircanate, zinc oxide, and mixtures thereof.
- the piezoelectric material can be opaque to light in the visible.
- the support is formed from the piezoelectric material and the transducer includes the support.
- the first and second combs are preferably placed in contact with the support.
- the support is made of a material other than a piezoelectric material and the electrodes are arranged on the intermediate substrate.
- the first and second electrodes can be deposited by photolithography on the support and / or on the substrate.
- a body may be disposed on a face of the support remote from the transducer.
- the portion of the body furthest from the transducer can be no more than 1 meter away.
- the temperature of the support can be less than 0 ° C or even -10 ° C and the body can be aqueous.
- the body may be in contact with the face of the support on which the transducer is fixed, or on the face opposite the face of the support on which the transducer is fixed.
- the body can be in contact with the face of the support on which the transducer is fixed and another body can be in contact with the face on which the body is placed.
- the body can have a solid part and a liquid part.
- the body can be water and consist of a frosted, icy or snowy portion and a liquid portion in contact with the frosted, icy or snowy portion respectively.
- the body in a liquid state can be in the form of at least one drop or at least one film.
- film is meant a thin film formed on the support.
- the film can be continuous or discontinuous.
- the body can be watery. In particular, it can be rain water or dew water. Rainwater and / or dew water may in particular contain particles. Dew water forms a mist on the surface of a support. It results from condensation on the support, under ad hoc conditions of pressure and temperature, water in vapor form contained in the air. The body may have been deposited by condensation before solidifying on the support.
- the solid state body can be selected from frost, ice and snow.
- the body in the liquid state can be a slick or at least a drop, for example a mist.
- a "frost” is formed by drops of water that have solidified before being placed on the support.
- “Ice” is formed by drops of water that have condensed on the support and then solidified on the support.
- the device preferably comprises a protection member superimposed on the piezoelectric substrate.
- the transducer is housed in a chamber defined by the protection member and the support.
- At least one, or even all of the surfaces of the substrate not coated by the first and second electrodes may be in contact with the protection member.
- the protection member is preferably remote from the support, so as not to disturb the propagation of the surface ultrasonic wave.
- the protective member may be in contact with a face of the transducer not coated by the first and second electrodes. It does not then interact with the guided wave or with the primary wave.
- the protection member is in contact with the face of the transducer opposite to the face on which the first and second electrodes are deposited.
- the protective member can be fixed, for example glued, on the transducer. The device is thus simplified to manufacture.
- the device can be electrically connected to a current generator to supply the transducer electrically.
- the current generator can be configured to deliver an electrical power supply preferably between 1 milliwatts and 500 watts.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing the device according to the invention, comprising the following successive steps consisting in: a) forming first and second electrodes on one face of a piezoelectric substrate of so as to obtain a wave transducer, b) fixing the wave transducer on a support, to obtain said device.
- the support and / or the wave transducer is coated with a layer of adhesive, then the support and / or the wave transducer thus coated are assembled.
- the invention also relates to a first method comprising the synthesis, by means of an electroacoustic device according to the invention, of a surface ultrasonic wave propagating in the support to a liquid body disposed on one face of the support and distant transducer, the energy of the ultrasonic wave being sufficient to induce a displacement of the body on the support.
- the body can move in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic surface wave.
- the invention also relates to a second method comprising:
- the power supply of the wave transducer to synthesize a surface ultrasonic wave propagating in the support to a body arranged on one face of the support and remote from the transducer, at least part of the power supply energy being converted in the form of heat by the transducer, the electrical energy supplying the transducer being sufficient for the heat and the energy of the ultrasonic surface wave to induce:
- the energy of the ultrasonic wave may be sufficient to induce the displacement of the molten or liquid body on the face.
- the invention also relates to a third method comprising:
- a device comprising: an ultrasonic wave transducer comprising a piezoelectric substrate, first and second electrodes in contact with the piezoelectric substrate and a support, the transducer being fixed on the support and acoustically coupled with the support, the first and second electrodes being sandwiched, at least in part, between the piezoelectric substrate and the holder, the device being configured to generate an ultrasonic surface wave propagating in the holder remote from the transducer, when an electric current is passed through the first and second electrodes, the transducer being configured to generate a guided wave which transforms into the ultrasonic surface wave in the remote transducer holder,
- diameter of the body is understood to mean the diameter of the smallest sphere circumscribed on the body. The diameter of the body is determined prior to the synthesis of the ultrasonic wave.
- the first method and / or the second method and / or the third method may have the following characteristics.
- the body can exhibit any of the above characteristics.
- the body can be a tablecloth.
- the web may extend over the support over an area greater than or equal to 2 cm 2 , or even greater than or equal to 5 cm 2 , or even greater than or equal to 10 cm 2 , or even greater than or equal to 100 cm 2 , or even greater or equal to 500 cm 2 .
- the thickness of the web may be between 10 ⁇ m and 10 mm, or even between 50 ⁇ m and 5 mm.
- the body may be a drop having a diameter less than or equal to 5 mm.
- the drop may have a diameter less than or equal to 1 mm, or even less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
- the drop may have a diameter of between 2 mm and 5 mm. It may have a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.
- the body can move in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic surface wave.
- the body can be moved along the face of the support on which it is placed.
- the temperature of the support may be lower than 0 ° C, and the body is preferably aqueous.
- the invention relates to the use of the device according to the invention, for cleaning and / or demisting and / or defrosting one face of a support, in particular an automobile surface.
- the invention may be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, of non-limiting examples of implementation thereof, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
- Figure 1 shows schematically, and in cross section, an example of an electroacoustic device according to the invention
- FIG2 shows in perspective the wave transducer of the electroacoustic device shown in Figure 1
- Figure 3 shows another example of an electroacoustic device according to the invention.
- FIG 4 shows yet another example of an electroacoustic device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first example of an electroacoustic device 5 according to the first aspect of the invention.
- It comprises a support 10 on which is fixed a transducer 15, by means of a layer of glue 20.
- the layer of glue acoustically couples the support to the transducer.
- the transducer has a substrate 25 and first 30 and second electrodes 35 which coat one face 40 of the substrate.
- the substrate is made of a piezoelectric material, for example lithium niobate, 128 ° Y cut. It has the shape of a plate whose thickness e is greater than the wavelength of the wave generated by the transducer. Thus, the wave generated by the transducer is transmitted directly into the support and does not reach the face 45 of the substrate opposite to that on which the support is mounted.
- a piezoelectric material for example lithium niobate, 128 ° Y cut. It has the shape of a plate whose thickness e is greater than the wavelength of the wave generated by the transducer.
- the first and second electrodes are sandwiched between the support and the substrate and are connected to a voltage generator 50 which supplies them electrically. They are thus arranged opposite the support, and are protected by the support, the substrate and the adhesive layer.
- the support is in the example illustrated in the form of a plate and has an upper face 55 in contact with the external environment 60.
- a body 65 in the form of a film of water.
- the body 65 can be a drop or a slick.
- the sheet is formed by the agglomeration of drops, for example of rain, on the support.
- the first and second electrodes can be formed by an evaporation or sputtering process and shaped by photolithography. They can be chrome, or aluminum, or a combination of a bond layer such as titanium and a conductive layer such as gold. The substrate thus covered can then be bonded to the substrate. In order to facilitate the bonding operation, a self-supporting substrate is preferred.
- the first 30 and second 35 electrodes form first 70 and second 75 combs.
- Each comb has a base 80, 85 and a row of fingers 90, 95, extending parallel to each other from the base.
- the first and second combs are interdigitated.
- Each of the fingers of the first comb, respectively of the second comb has a width 1 equal to the fundamental wavelength of the surface ultrasonic wave divided by 4 and the spacing S between two consecutive fingers of a comb is equal to the fundamental wavelength of the ultrasonic surface wave divided by 4.
- the spacing between the fingers determines the resonant frequency of the transducer which one skilled in the art can easily determine.
- AC voltage is applied by generator 50 and can be amplified so that the transducer generates an ultrasonic surface wave.
- the alternating electrical voltage of the first and second electrodes induces a mechanical response of the piezoelectric material, which results in the generation of a guided surface wave G which propagates in the support in a direction of propagation P, in particular towards the disposed body. on the support.
- determining the energy generated by the transducer sufficient to move or melt the body and / or maintain it in a liquid state is easy for those skilled in the art.
- those skilled in the art know how to relate the fundamental frequency of the ultrasonic guided wave to the frequency of the electrical signal in order to generate the wave. He then knows how to vary the amplitude of the electrical signal so as to determine the sufficient electrical energy to be supplied to the transducer.
- the transducer When the transducer is electrically powered by the voltage generator, it generates an ultrasonic wave.
- the G wave generated by the transducer is guided and propagates at the interface between the support and the substrate, defined by the face of the substrate coated by the electrodes. and by the face of the support facing the electrodes.
- the guided wave reaches the lateral end 98 of the substrate along its direction of propagation, it is transmitted into the medium in the form of an ultrasonic surface wave W which propagates on the surface of the medium.
- the transformation of the guided wave into a surface wave results from the absence of an interface between two solids in the portion of the support not covered by the transducer.
- the surface wave then interacts with the body covering the medium.
- a transducer synthesizing a surface wave of fundamental frequency between 0.1 MHz and 1000 MHz, preferably between 10 MHz and 100 MHz, for example equal to 40 MHz, is well suited to ensure the displacement of d 'a film of water.
- the water film is in the form of ice or frost, it is also well suited to causing the water film to melt, by supplying the energy of the ultrasonic surface wave and by the transfer of the heat that it generates, in particular by resistive heating of the electrodes.
- the device illustrated in Figure 3 differs from that illustrated in Figure 1 in that it further comprises a protection member 100 which is superimposed on the support and the transducer. It defines together with the support a chamber 105 in which the transducer is housed.
- the transducer, and more particularly the substrate, is thus protected from external elements, such as precipitation and dust.
- the protection member is fixed to the face 45 of the uncoated substrate by the first and second electrodes. Since the substrate is thicker than the wavelength of the guided wave, the shield member does not interact with the guided wave.
- the protective member may be made of an impact resistant material, such as a metal or a thermoplastic. In the example illustrated, the protection member is remote from the support. Thus, it does not obstruct the propagation of the ultrasonic surface wave in the medium.
- the device illustrated in FIG. 4 differs from the device illustrated in FIG. 1 in that it comprises a portion projecting from the edge of the support, and that the first and second electrodes are arranged on a portion 108 of the non-superimposed piezoelectric substrate. to the support.
- the first and second electrodes being distant from the support, it is easy to connect them electrically to the voltage generator.
- the device When the substrate is electrically powered, the device generates a primary Q wave which propagates on the surface of the substrate then at the interface 110 between the substrate and the support.
- the primary wave reaches the lateral end 98 of the substrate along its direction of propagation, it is transmitted into the medium in the form of an ultrasonic surface wave which propagates on the surface of the medium.
- the ultrasonic surface wave can induce the displacement of a liquid on the support.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1910590A FR3100999B1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Dispositif électroacoustique |
| PCT/EP2020/076762 WO2021058666A1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 | 2020-09-24 | Dispositif électroacoustique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4034311A1 true EP4034311A1 (fr) | 2022-08-03 |
Family
ID=69190917
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20780191.1A Pending EP4034311A1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 | 2020-09-24 | Dispositif électroacoustique |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12138660B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4034311A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2022550302A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114630717B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3100999B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021058666A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11673585B2 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-06-13 | Gm Cruise Holdings Llc | Integrated module for sensor data aggregation and control of sensor support hardware |
| FR3130656A1 (fr) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-23 | Valeo Systèmes D’Essuyage | Ensemble de protection d’une unité de nettoyage d’une surface optique par ondes ultrasonores, avec recouvrement en matériau absorbant d’onde électromagnétique |
| FR3130657A1 (fr) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-23 | Valeo Systèmes D’Essuyage | Ensemble de protection d’une unité de nettoyage par ondes ultrasonores d’une surface optique |
| FR3164405A1 (fr) | 2024-07-11 | 2026-01-16 | Vision | Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d’un support par conversion d’une onde de volume ultrasonore en une onde de surface ultrasonore |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2145892A (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-04-03 | Philips Electronic Associated | Surface acoustic wave device |
| US4768256A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-09-06 | Motoda Electronics Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic wiper |
| JPH08140898A (ja) | 1991-05-29 | 1996-06-04 | Y & Y:Kk | 弾性表面波ワイパー |
| US7227293B2 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2007-06-05 | Tai-Saw Technology Co., Ltd. | Surface acoustic wave device with electro-static discharge protection |
| CN101279318B (zh) | 2007-04-06 | 2011-01-26 | 广州市新栋力超声电子设备有限公司 | 一种超声弯曲振动装置 |
| CN201724191U (zh) | 2010-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 安徽师范大学 | 采用传感器和单片机并利用超声波的led灯具清洗器 |
| GB201100290D0 (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-02-23 | Trevett David R M | Clearing precipitation from windaows |
| JP6063672B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-06 | 2017-01-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電セラミックス、圧電セラミックスの製造方法、圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、液体吐出装置、超音波モータ、光学機器、振動装置、塵埃除去装置、撮像装置、圧電音響部品、および電子機器 |
| CN103163569A (zh) | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-19 | 苏州凯行电子科技有限公司 | 一种智能防雾树脂镜片及其成镜制作方法 |
| CN102434405B (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-08-07 | 东南大学 | 热辅助超声波联合除冰装置及其控制方法 |
| US9796002B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2017-10-24 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Particle removal using periodic piezoelectric coefficient material |
| GB2518136B (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2016-09-14 | Echovista Gmbh | Ultrasonically clearing precipitation |
| US20160023772A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-01-28 | Fbs, Inc. | Ultrasonic vibration system and method for removing/avoiding unwanted build-up on structures |
| CN104056708B (zh) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | 基于声表面波的细胞粉碎器 |
| CN205546005U (zh) | 2015-11-24 | 2016-08-31 | 范贵云 | 汽车后挡风玻璃除雾除霜装置及汽车 |
| FR3044937B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-01-12 | Universite De Lille 1 | Procede pour favoriser le glissement d'au moins une goutte sur un support |
| GB2554084A (en) | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-28 | Echovista Gmbh | Ultrasonic fluid clearing systems |
| KR101838596B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-04-27 | 한국철도기술연구원 | 압전소자를 이용한 제빙 장치 |
| KR20180086173A (ko) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-30 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | 전기습윤을 이용하는 클리닝 기기 및 이에 있어서 액적 제거 방법 |
| FR3100998B1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 | 2022-06-03 | Lille Ecole Centrale | Dispositif pour nettoyer un support recouvert d’un liquide |
| FR3101000B1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 | 2022-07-15 | Lille Ecole Centrale | Procédé de fusion d’un corps au moyen d’une onde ultrasonore |
-
2019
- 2019-09-25 FR FR1910590A patent/FR3100999B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-09-24 CN CN202080067744.9A patent/CN114630717B/zh active Active
- 2020-09-24 JP JP2022518883A patent/JP2022550302A/ja active Pending
- 2020-09-24 US US17/763,016 patent/US12138660B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-24 WO PCT/EP2020/076762 patent/WO2021058666A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-09-24 EP EP20780191.1A patent/EP4034311A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021058666A1 (fr) | 2021-04-01 |
| US20220339669A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
| FR3100999A1 (fr) | 2021-03-26 |
| JP2022550302A (ja) | 2022-12-01 |
| FR3100999B1 (fr) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN114630717A (zh) | 2022-06-14 |
| US12138660B2 (en) | 2024-11-12 |
| CN114630717B (zh) | 2025-01-17 |
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