EP4025563A1 - Procédé de purification de 2-(fluoroalkyl ou fluoroalkoxy)-4,5-dicyanoimidazoles - Google Patents
Procédé de purification de 2-(fluoroalkyl ou fluoroalkoxy)-4,5-dicyanoimidazolesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4025563A1 EP4025563A1 EP20771791.9A EP20771791A EP4025563A1 EP 4025563 A1 EP4025563 A1 EP 4025563A1 EP 20771791 A EP20771791 A EP 20771791A EP 4025563 A1 EP4025563 A1 EP 4025563A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- iii
- temperature
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/90—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the purification of imidazole.
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparing lithium salt of imidazolate.
- a lithium-ion battery includes at least a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte.
- the electrolyte consists of a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent which is generally a mixture of organic carbonates, in order to have a good compromise between viscosity and dielectric constant.
- lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF 6
- LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
- WO 2010/023413 proposes several synthetic routes for the manufacture of these pentacyclic anions, one of which consists of the condensation of diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN) on an acid derivative such as a fluorinated acid anhydride, followed by a proton / lithium exchange. The condensation is carried out in a single step.
- DAMN diaminomaleonitrile
- WO 2015/49435 describes the preparation of fluoroalkyl-4,5-dicyanoimidazole salts of purity compatible with applications in batteries or in ionic liquids.
- the process involves the use of activated carbon to purify the salts of pentacyclic anions.
- activated carbon is a delicate operation and capable of bringing ions such as Ca 2+ or K + ions into the medium, which can lead to a decrease in performance in the batteries.
- activated carbons commonly require washing in depth before use, which is restrictive and expensive.
- at least one recrystallization step is necessary to obtain the desired purity and an acceptable Hazen coloration.
- the present invention relates to a process for the purification of a compound of the following formula (III): wherein Rf is a fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxyl group comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, said process comprising the following steps: a. a step of heating a composition comprising said compound of formula (III) in an organic solvent S3, at a temperature Ti until dissolution of said compound of formula
- phase P1 comprising said compound of formula (III);
- phase P2 vs. a step of separating the phases P1 and P2 at the temperature T 2 ; d. a step of cooling phase P1 to a temperature T 3 until the formation of crystals of the compound of formula (III).
- Rf represents CF 3 , CHF 2 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F, C 2 F OCF 3 , or CF 2 OCF 3 preferably CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , or C 2 F 4 OCF 3 .
- the compound of formula (III) is that for which Rf represents CF 3 .
- the present invention relates to a process for purifying a compound of the following formula (III): wherein Rf is C2F4OCF3 OR a fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxyl group comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, said process comprising the following steps: a. a step of heating a composition comprising said compound of formula (III) in an organic solvent S3 having a donor number ranging from 0.1 to 10, at a temperature Ti until dissolution of said compound of formula (III); b. a step of cooling to an intermediate temperature T 2 of between 23 ° C and the temperature T1 leading to a two-phase composition comprising:
- phase P1 comprising said compound of formula (III);
- phase P2 vs. a step of separating the phases P1 and P2 at the temperature T 2 ; d. a step of cooling phase P1 to a temperature T 3 until the formation of crystals of the compound of formula (III).
- the organic solvent S3 preferably has a donor number ranging from 0.1 to 10.
- the donor index of a solvent represents the value -DH, DH being the enthalpy of the interaction (Kcal / mol) between the solvent and the antimony pentachloride (Journal of Solution Chemistry, vol. 13, No. 9 , 1984).
- the organic solvent S3 is preferably chosen from aromatics or aliphatic or cyclic alkanes, such as, for example, toluene, benzene, xylene, cyclohexane, heptane.
- the organic solvent S3 is toluene.
- the temperature Ti is the temperature at which the compound of formula (III) is dissolved in the organic solvent S3.
- the temperature Ti can be between 40 ° C and the boiling point of the organic solvent S3, preferably between 50 ° C and 120 ° C, advantageously between 60 ° C and 100 ° C.
- the temperature Ti is advantageously equal to 70 ° C.
- composition used in step a), comprising the compound of formula (III) and the organic solvent S3, can be obtained by contacting the organic solvent S3 with the compound of formula (III) in solid form.
- the compound of formula (III) can be in hydrated form, that is to say that the compound of formula (III) can contain a water content of between 1% and 25%, preferably between 5% and 20% and preferably between 10% and 16% by weight relative to the total weight of the compound of formula (III).
- the mass content of the compound of formula (III) in the composition comprising the organic solvent S3 can range from 1% to 70% by weight, preferably from 5% to 50% by weight, preferably from 8 % to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of said composition.
- the temperature T 2 is between 23 ° C and the temperature Ti, preferably between 23 ° C and 50 ° C, and advantageously between 30 ° C and 50 ° C.
- Step b) leads to a two-phase composition comprising:
- phase P1 comprising said compound of formula (III);
- Phase P1 is advantageously a liquid phase, it comprises in particular organic solvent S3.
- Phase P1 preferably comprises more than 30%, preferably more than 35%, and advantageously more than 40% of the compound of formula (III) initially contained in the solution obtained at the end of step a).
- Phase P1 preferably comprises from 0.5% to 70% by weight, preferably from 1% to 50% by weight, preferably from 5% to 30% by weight of the compound of formula (III) relative to the total weight of said phase P1.
- Phase P2 can comprise compound of formula (III) in a content strictly less than 45%, preferably less than 35% of the initial content of compound of formula (III) in the solution obtained at the end of stage at).
- Phase P2 can comprise impurities resulting from the process for preparing the compound of formula (III), such as coloring agents and TFA.
- phase P2 has a higher density than that of phase P1.
- Phase P2 can be separated from phase P1, for example by settling followed by purging of the lower phase or by pumping of the upper phase.
- the purification process according to the invention comprises a step of cooling phase P1 to a temperature T 3 until the formation of crystals of the compound of formula (III).
- the temperature T 3 can be between 40 ° C and -30 ° C, preferably between 25 ° C and -15 ° C, and even more preferably between 10 ° C and -5 ° C.
- the temperature T3 is advantageously 0 ° C.
- the temperature T 3 is advantageously the temperature at which the compound of formula (III) crystallizes from the organic solvent S3.
- Steps a, b, c, d can be repeated on P2 in order to recover more compound III.
- the number of repetitions is between 2 and 4, preferably 3.
- the aforementioned purification process may include an additional step e) of filtering the composition obtained at the end of step d). Filtration advantageously results in a compound of formula (III) in solid form and in a filtrate.
- the solid is advantageously subjected to an additional drying step, preferably under a stream of nitrogen at 23 ° C or more.
- the aforementioned purification process advantageously makes it possible to prepare a compound of formula (III) with a good yield and a reduced content of impurities, in particular a reduced content of agents capable of coloring the product, and / or of TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) and / or in amides derived from the compound of formula (III):
- the purification process advantageously makes it possible to prepare a compound of formula (III) having less coloration.
- the purification process also advantageously makes it possible to obtain a compound of formula (III) with a good yield and a reduced content of impurities in a smaller number of steps, without the need for costly additional purification steps.
- the purification process according to the invention can comprise a step a ’), prior to step a), of bringing the compound of formula (III) into contact with the organic solvent S3.
- the organic solvent S3 is added to the compound of formula (III).
- step a ′ The compound of formula (III) from step a ′) can be obtained by a process comprising the following steps:
- step x) step of heating the composition obtained in step x) at a temperature T 6 , preferably between 30 ° C and 80 ° C, advantageously between 40 ° C and 70 ° C;
- step y step of cooling the composition obtained in step y) until the formation of crystals of compound of formula (III);
- the compound of formula (III) in step x) can be obtained by any process for preparing a compound of formula (III), optionally subjected to a step of evaporating the reaction solvent.
- the above-mentioned compound of formula (III) can be obtained by a process comprising: i. a step of reaction of the diaminomaleonitrile of formula (I): with the compound of formula (II) below: in which Y represents a chlorine atom or the OCORf group, to form the salified amide compound of formula (IVa) and / or the corresponding amine (IVb), at a temperature T 4
- the temperature T which can range from 0 to 80 ° C, preferably from 10 to 50 ° C, more preferably from 20 to 30 ° C, for example about 25 ° C.
- step (i) lasts from 1 to 12 hours, preferably from 1 to 3 hours, and / or step (ii) lasts from 1 to 12 hours, preferably from 1 to 3 hours .
- the diaminomaleonitrile of formula (I) and the compound of formula (II) are dissolved in a solvent prior to step (i), the solvent preferably being 1, 4-dioxane.
- Step (i) is preferably carried out by dissolving the reagents in an S1 solvent.
- the solvent S1 can be chosen from the group consisting of 1, 4-dioxane, toluene, dimethylformamide, and their mixtures, the solvent S1 preferably being 1, 4-dioxane.
- the concentration of DAMN of formula (I) in the reaction medium of step (i) is preferably from 0.001 to 2 mol / L, more preferably from 0.1 mol / L to 1 mol / L.
- the molar ratio of compound (I) to compound (II) is preferably from 0.25 to 1.5, more preferably from 0.5 to 1.25.
- the second step (ii) is carried out at a temperature T 5 which is greater than T.
- T 5 is greater than T 4 by at least 10 ° C, or by at least 20 ° C, or by at least 30 ° C, or by at least 40 ° C, or by at least 50 ° C, or at least 60 ° C, or at least 70 ° C.
- the temperature T 5 corresponds to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- T 5 ranges from 30 to 180 ° C, more particularly from 60 to 150 ° C, more preferably from 75 to 140 ° C, for example around 100 or 101 ° C (which corresponds to the temperature of boiling 1,4-dioxane).
- the concentration of compound (IVa) and / or (IVb) in the reaction medium during the second step preferably ranges from 0.001 to 2 mol / L, more preferably from 0.05 mol / L to 0.75 mol / L.
- the second step (ii) is carried out immediately following the first step without intermediate purification and advantageously without any separation step, simply by modifying the temperature of the reaction mixture, by heating.
- the amide is salified by adding a carboxylic acid which also makes it possible to improve the yield of the second stage by acid catalysis.
- the acids used are, for example, trifluoroacetic acid, acetic acid or benzoic acid and preferably trifluoroacetic acid.
- the molar ratio of compound (IVa) and / or (IVb) to the catalyst preferably ranges from 0.5 to 20, more preferably from 1 to 10.
- the temperature of the reaction T may be constant throughout the first step, and the temperature of the reaction T 5 may be constant throughout the second step, but this is not necessarily the case.
- the condition that T 5 is greater than T means that the temperature over the whole of the second step is higher than the temperature over the whole of the first step, that is to say again that the minimum temperature reached during the second stage is greater than the maximum temperature reached during the first stage.
- a transition period may be necessary to go from the first stage to the second stage and to effect the required temperature change.
- This transition period preferably has a duration of less than 1 hour, for example less than 30 minutes, for example less than 20 minutes, for example less than 10 minutes, for example less than 5 minutes.
- the above-mentioned steps i) and ii) can be followed by a step of distilling a solvent S1 / water azeotrope, in particular at a temperature ranging from 40 ° C to 90 ° C.
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparing a lithium imidazolate compound of formula (V): wherein Rf is a fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxyl group comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, said method comprising:
- Rf represents CF 3 , CHF 2 , C2F5, C3F7, C2F4OCF3, or CF2OCF3, preferably CF 3 , C2F5, C2F4OCF3.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing a lithium imidazolate compound of formula (V), in which Rf is a fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxyl group comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or C2F4OCF3, said process comprising:
- the compound of formula (V) is that for which Rf represents CF 3 .
- the lithiated base can be selected from the group consisting of lithium hydride, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
- the lithiated base is lithium carbonate.
- the lithiated base can be in solid form or in the form of an aqueous or organic composition (for example a suspension or a solution).
- concentration of lithiated base in the aqueous or organic composition preferably ranges from 0.01 to 10 mol / L, more preferably from 0.1 to 5 mol / L.
- the compound of formula (III) obtained at the end of the purification process as described above can be in solid form, or in solution in an organic solvent.
- the compound (III) can be at a concentration which preferably ranges from 0.01 to 5 mol / L, more preferably from 0.1 to 3 mol / L in the organic phase.
- the compound of formula (III) is dissolved in an organic solvent S4, preferably having a donor number ranging from 1 to 70, advantageously from 5 to 65.
- organic solvent S4 preferably having a donor number ranging from 1 to 70, advantageously from 5 to 65.
- solvent S4 one can mention in particular esters, nitriles or ethers.
- the organic solvent S4 is chosen from methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, propionitrile, isobutyronitrile, glutaronitrile, dioxane, or tetrahydrofuran, and even more preferably acetonitrile.
- step 2) comprises adding a composition comprising the compound of formula (III) in an aqueous lithiated base composition.
- the reaction of step 2) can be carried out at a temperature between 0 ° C and 100 ° C, preferably between 10 ° C and 50 ° C, even more preferably between 20 ° C and 30 ° C.
- the duration of step 2) can be between 1 h and 72 h, preferably between 3 h and 24 h, even more preferably between 6 h and 18 h.
- the process may include an additional step of evaporating the water and the solvent, preferably under vacuum.
- the water is preferably removed by azeotropic distillation.
- the process can comprise an additional step of recrystallization of the compound of formula (V) in an organic solvent S4 as defined above.
- the purification process according to the invention advantageously leads to compounds of formula (V), and in particular LiTDI, having a reduced content of impurities, such as by example a reduced or even zero content of amide-LiTDI, of Ca 2+ , K + , TFA-Li, etc., and less coloration.
- the purification process according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to prepare the compounds of formula (V), and in particular LiTDI, with improved purity without requiring the use of numerous additional purification steps.
- Such purity advantageously allows the use of compounds of formula (V) in batteries or in ionic liquids.
- between x and y or “ranging from x to y” is meant an interval in which the limits x and y are included.
- the temperature “between -20 and 80 ° C” notably includes the values -20 ° C and 80 ° C.
- the Hazen coloration is measured according to the Hazen standard, for dissolving (I) in a non-absorbent solvent in the Visible range, at a concentration of 1 mol / L, on a Hach Licol 50 spectrophotometer, in cells of 11 mm in diameter.
- a solution provides a value of less than 10 Hazen, the optical path is increased by using a 50mm cell for more precision.
- the Hazen values given in the examples are the means of 3 measurements of the same solution.
- NMR analysis conditions for fluorinated species in F19, H1, C13 NMR are as follows:
- the NMR spectra and quantifications were carried out on a Bruker AV 400 spectrometer, at 100.62 MHz for C13 and 376.47 MHz for F19, on a 5 mm BBFO + type probe.
- Sample The samples are dissolved in DMSO-d6 (approximately 30 mg in 0.6 ml).
- the solvent is D2O due to the insolubility of LiF in DMSO.
- the relative quantification in F19 NMR is carried out by integration of the signals of the fluorinated species, weighted by the number of fluorine contributing to the signal, a method well known to those skilled in the art.
- the absolute quantification in F19 NMR is made by metered addition of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -trifluorotoluene (TFT), Aldrich in the tube containing the compound, and by integration of the signals of the fluorinated species to be assayed in comparison with that of the CF 3 of this internal standard, according to a method well known to those skilled in the art.
- TFT trifluorotoluene
- Aldrich Aldrich in the tube containing the compound
- the limit of quantification of such a species than LiTDI at the frequency of 376.47 MHz and the chosen probe is of the order of about fifty ppm.
- the temperature of the double wall is adjusted to 100 ° C and the pressure in the reactor is gradually reduced to distill the dioxane / water azeotrope at 70 ° C.
- Four additions of 10 kg of dioxane are made at this temperature while continuing the distillation.
- the pressure is adjusted so as to ensure distillation of the solvent at 60 ° C.
- the medium is concentrated at 60 ° C until a brown oil is obtained.
- This oil is then taken up in water with a water: oil mass ratio of 1: 1.
- the whole is stirred and heated to 60 ° C until a homogeneous brown paste is obtained, then cooled.
- the crystals obtained are then filtered and then resuspended in water at room temperature (23 ° C) and then filtered. This operation is done three times in all.
- Example 1 The product obtained in Example 1 is taken up in 280 kg of toluene and, with stirring, is brought to 70 ° C for 2 hours. A colored solution is obtained. Cooled to 40 ° C, and two phases are obtained. A very colored heavy phase gradually forms at the bottom of the reactor. This is purged. The light yellow solution is recovered. By cooling to 0 ° C, solid HTDI is recovered. The solid HTDI is recovered by filtration and then washing with toluene at a temperature between 0 ° C and 25 ° C.
- Example 3 process for preparing LiTDI
- Example 2 The solid HTDI obtained in Example 2 is dissolved in acetonitrile to obtain a solution of between 40% and 50% by weight of HTDI. At room temperature, this solution is gradually added to a suspension of 5 kg of U 2 CO 3 in 94 kg of acetonitrile while controlling the evolution of CO 2 . The mixture is left under stirring at room temperature (23 ° C.) overnight.
- the water of reaction is removed by distillation of the water / CH 3 CN azeotrope.
- the excess lithium carbonate is filtered off and the reaction medium is then concentrated at 70 ° C. under reduced pressure to a LiTDI / CH 3 CN concentration of 30% by weight.
- the concentrate is cooled to -10 ° C. LiTDI crystallizes. It is filtered, rinsed twice with acetonitrile cooled to -20 ° C. Its purity measured by NMR is 100%.
- the process advantageously makes it possible to obtain LiTDI with a Hazen coloration of 14 without having to carry out an activated carbon treatment.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1909830A FR3100539B1 (fr) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Procede de purification d’imidazole |
| PCT/EP2020/074831 WO2021044016A1 (fr) | 2019-09-06 | 2020-09-04 | Procédé de purification de 2-(fluoroalkyl ou fluoroalkoxy)-4,5-dicyanoimidazoles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4025563A1 true EP4025563A1 (fr) | 2022-07-13 |
Family
ID=68654769
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20771791.9A Pending EP4025563A1 (fr) | 2019-09-06 | 2020-09-04 | Procédé de purification de 2-(fluoroalkyl ou fluoroalkoxy)-4,5-dicyanoimidazoles |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4025563A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114341115B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3100539B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021044016A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113354587B (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏理文化工有限公司 | 一种咪唑基含氟锂盐的干燥方法 |
| CN113277982B (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏理文化工有限公司 | 一种连续制备2-三氟甲基-4,5-二氰基咪唑锂盐的方法及反应装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2935382B1 (fr) | 2008-08-29 | 2010-10-08 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Sel d'anion pentacylique et son utilisation comme electrolyte |
| FR2982610B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-14 | 2016-01-08 | Arkema France | Procede de preparation de sel d'anion pentacylique |
| FR2991323B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-06-13 | Arkema France | Sel d'anions bicycliques aromatiques pour batteries li-ion |
| FR2991324B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-06-13 | Arkema France | Sel d'anions bicycliques aromatiques pour batteries li-ion |
| FR3011683A1 (fr) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-10 | Arkema France | Sel d'anion pentacyclique : composition pour batteries |
| CN106008262B (zh) * | 2016-06-13 | 2018-05-08 | 武汉海斯普林科技发展有限公司 | 4,5-二氰基-2-三氟甲基咪唑、其制备中间体及其盐的制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-06 FR FR1909830A patent/FR3100539B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-09-04 WO PCT/EP2020/074831 patent/WO2021044016A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-09-04 EP EP20771791.9A patent/EP4025563A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-09-04 CN CN202080061857.8A patent/CN114341115B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3100539B1 (fr) | 2022-02-25 |
| WO2021044016A1 (fr) | 2021-03-11 |
| CN114341115B (zh) | 2025-01-28 |
| CN114341115A (zh) | 2022-04-12 |
| FR3100539A1 (fr) | 2021-03-12 |
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