EP4019619A1 - Hand dishwashing detergent shaped body with bulges - Google Patents

Abstract

Shaped body (1) for manual cleaning of dishes, comprising: at least one surfactant, characterized in that the shaped body (1) has a central region (10); and at least one bulge (22) projecting therefrom.

Description

The present invention relates to hand dishwashing detergent tablets with bulges to improve the dissolving behavior.

Washing and cleaning-active shaped bodies in solid form, such as tablets, have a number of advantages over powdered or liquid agents. They are characterized, for example, by advantageous handling, precise and simple dosing and smaller packaging volumes. The known washing- or cleaning-active tablets in solid form include, for example, detergent tablets, bleach tablets, stain remover tablets, water-softening tablets and also dishwashing detergent tablets for machine use.

The aforementioned detergent or cleaning agent tablets usually contain phosphate-containing sequestering agents or carriers, such as sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP). In the EP 0 178 893 and the SU1402608 describes, for example, NaTPP-containing detergent tablets or shaped glass cleaning bodies. The glass cleaning tablets according to SU1402608 also contain phosphate-containing surfactants. For ecological reasons, phosphate-containing detergents and cleaning agents are fundamentally disadvantageous compared to phosphate-free agents.

Detergents and cleaning agents containing silicone are also undesirable for the same reasons. The one in the GB2200365 The detergent tablets described contain up to 50% by weight of one or more silicone compounds.

The washing and cleaning-active tablets previously described in the prior art usually contain only relatively small amounts of cleaning-active substances or surfactants. It is generally known that the solubility of compacted detergents and cleaning agents decreases significantly as the proportion by weight of the surface-active substances increases. In practice, this means that readily soluble detergent tablets show only very limited cleaning performance or lead to unsatisfactory cleaning results, since the surfactant content ensures a sufficient solubility is relatively low. If the surfactant content in the customary detergent tablets is increased, this leads to significantly slower solubility kinetics of the resulting tablet.

This effect is additionally intensified by dispensing with the carrier materials commonly used, such as, for example, low molecular weight polycarboxylic acids, carbonates, phosphates or zeolites. The omission of such carrier materials or the reduction of the amount of carrier material in favor of the surfactant content also causes a slow or delayed dissolution of the tablet. Depending on the application of the washing and cleaning agent, this is a disadvantage or even desirable. In the case of machine dishwashing detergent tablets or laundry detergent tablets, it is often desirable for the washing-active substances present to be released over a longer period of time. Sometimes materials are used specifically to delay dissolution. These are usually paraffins and/or microwaxes and/or high molecular weight polyethylene glycols.

Completely different requirements are to be made of washing-up liquid tablets for the manual cleaning of hard surfaces or crockery. A molded tablet for the manual cleaning of dishes would have to have dissolved as completely as possible in the washing liquor within a very short period of time. In any case, the solubility properties of the shaped body tablet should be such that the user can start the rinsing process immediately after adding the tablet or the shaped body to the rinsing water.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a hand dishwashing detergent tablet which, in particular, exhibits good dissolving behavior while at the same time having a high surfactant content.

• wenigstens ein Tensid,
• dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
• der Formkörper einen zentralen Bereich; und
• wenigstens eine davon hervorstehende Ausbuchtung aufweist.

The task is solved by a shaped body for the manual cleaning of dishes comprising:

• at least one surfactant
• characterized in that
• the shaped body has a central area; and
• at least one protruding bulge thereof.

In particular, it has been found that the structure described here, consisting of a central area and bulges, contributes to particularly good dissolving behavior.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a shaped body is described, comprising at least two protruding bulges.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a shaped body is described, comprising at least 4 protruding bulges.

In particular, it has been found that the structure described here, consisting of a central area and four bulges, contributes to particularly good dissolving behavior. This applies in particular if the bulges are each arranged somewhat at right angles to one another.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a shaped body is described comprising a disintegrant, in particular a carbonate and an acid anhydride. As a result, the detergent shaped body can dissolve particularly well in rinsing water. However, such systems are unsuitable for mechanical cleaning agents.

According to a further aspect, the use of the shaped body for the manual cleaning of dishes is described.

The shaped body preferably has at least one anionic surfactant, comprises at least one amphoteric and/or nonionic surfactant and at least one disintegrant, the surfactant content making up at least 20% by weight, based on the overall composition of the shaped body.

It was surprisingly found that the hand dishwashing detergent tablets with the composition according to the invention have very rapid solubility kinetics despite the high surfactant content of more than 20% by weight and also show very good performance properties.

The shaped bodies according to the invention are preferably solid, but can also contain liquid and/or gel-like components. Moldings include within the meaning of the invention

Tablets, granules, tabs, cuboids, rods, tabulars and spheroids.

In a preferred embodiment, the moldings according to the invention are silicone-free and/or phosphate-free.

According to the invention, all possible three-dimensional bodies are suitable for the three-dimensional shape of the shaped body, for example tabular bodies, the rod or bar shape, cubes, parallelepipeds and corresponding spatial elements with flat side surfaces, as they are u. are described in the prior art patents. For practical reasons and because of the technical application requirements, the shaped body should have a volume in the range from 0.1 cm3 to 20 cm3, depending on washing habits or special recipe requirements.

It is preferred according to the invention that the hand dishwashing detergent tablets are in the form of tablets, in particular cylindrical tablets, these tablets preferably having a diameter of 10 to 60 mm. According to the invention, the height of the tablets is preferably 2 to 20 mm. However, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, oval and irregularly shaped base areas can also be used within the scope of the present invention. The weight of the hand dishwashing detergent tablets according to the invention is preferably in the range from 0.5 to 60 g, more preferably from about 1 to 30 g and particularly preferably in the range from 2 to 10 g per tablet. Depending on the type of application, the type of soiling, the water hardness range or the degree of soiling of the dishes, one or more shaped bodies, preferably tablets, can be used in the manual cleaning of the dishes.

It is particularly preferred according to the invention that the shaped body has a surfactant content of at least 42% by weight, preferably at least 45% by weight and particularly preferably at least 50% by weight, based on the overall composition of the shaped body. A surfactant content in the range from 40 to 70% by weight, based on the shaped body, is suitable according to the invention. Surfactant contents which are also suitable are, for example, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54 or else 55% by weight.

Anionic surfactants which can be contained in the shaped bodies according to the invention are, in particular, alkylbenzene sulfonates and/or fatty alcohol ether sulfates, which are advantageously partially or completely in the form of their mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium salts, in particular Triethanolammonium salts can be used. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the agents accordingly contain mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium alkylbenzene sulfonate, in particular triethanolammonium alkylbenzene sulfonate, in amounts of, based on the total weight of alkylbenzene sulfonates, from 10 to 100%, preferably from 30 to 100%, in particular from 50 until 100%.

In an equally preferred embodiment of the invention, the agents contain exclusively mono-, di- and/or trialkanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular triethanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonate, as the alkylbenzenesulfonate.

The agents can advantageously contain a combination of alkyl benzene sulfonates with one or more fatty alcohol ether sulfates. In a correspondingly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agents contain alkyl benzene sulfonates and fatty alcohol ether sulfates in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:5, preferably 5:1 to 1:2, in particular 2:1 to 1:1.5. Here, too, in a further preferred embodiment of the invention, only mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonates are present as the alkylbenzenesulfonates on average.

In addition to the alkyl benzene sulfonates and the fatty alcohol ether sulfates already mentioned, further anionic surfactants according to the present invention can be aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic sulfonates such as alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ether sulfonates, n-alkyl ether sulfonates, ester sulfonates and linnin sulfonates. Fatty acid cyanamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid isethionates, acylaminoalkanesulfonates (fatty acid taurides), fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids and alkyl (ether) phosphates can also be used within the scope of the present invention.

The fatty alcohol ether sulfates are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention. Fatty alcohol sulfates and combinations of fatty alcohol ether sulfates and fatty alcohol sulfates are also preferred.

In the context of the present invention, fatty acids or fatty alcohols or their derivatives—unless otherwise stated—are representative of branched or unbranched carboxylic acids or alcohols or their derivatives preferably having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. The former are preferred in particular because of their vegetable basis as based on renewable raw materials for ecological reasons, but without the teaching of the invention to restrict them. In particular, the oxo-alcohols or their derivatives which can be obtained, for example, by ROELEN's oxo-synthesis can also be used accordingly.

Fatty alcohol ether sulfates are products of sulfation reactions on alkoxylated alcohols. The person skilled in the art generally understands alkoxylated alcohols to mean the reaction products of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, with alcohols, preferably longer-chain alcohols for the purposes of the present invention. As a rule, a complex mixture of addition products with different degrees of ethoxylation is formed from n moles of ethylene oxide and one mole of alcohol, depending on the reaction conditions. A further embodiment consists in the use of mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Very particularly preferred for the purposes of the present invention are low-ethoxylated fatty alcohols (0.5 to 4 mol EO, preferably 1 to 2.5 mol EO).

The anionic surfactants are preferably used in amounts of from 0.2 to 40% by weight, in particular from 3 to 35% by weight, particularly preferably from 5 to 30% by weight.

Particularly suitable surfactant mixtures are those consisting of anionic surfactants in combination with one or more nonionic surfactants or betaine surfactants, with the betaine surfactants being equated in this context with the class of amphoteric surfactants. The joint additional use of nonionic surfactants and betaine surfactants in a mixture can also be advantageous for many applications. Overall, the surfactants are used in amounts of from 0.2 to 50% by weight, preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, in particular from 3 to 35% by weight and extremely preferably from 5 to 30% by weight.

Nonionic surfactants in the context of the present invention can be alkoxylates such as polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, end-capped polyglycol ethers, mixed ethers and hydroxy mixed ethers and fatty acid polyglycol esters. Also usable are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, block polymers and fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty acid polyglycol ethers. An important class of nonionic surfactants which can be used according to the invention are the polyol surfactants and here in particular the glucosurfactants such as alkyl polyglycoside and fatty acid glucamides. The alkyl polyglucosides are particularly preferred.

Alkyl polyglycosides are surfactants which can be obtained by the reaction of sugars and alcohols by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry, depending on the type of preparation to a mixture of monoalkylated, oligomeric or polymeric sugar is coming. Preferred alkyl polyglycosides can be alkyl polyglucosides, with the alcohol particularly preferably being a long-chain fatty alcohol or a mixture of long-chain fatty alcohols with branched or unbranched C8 - to C18 -alkyl chains and the degree of oligomerization (DP) of the sugars being between 1 and 10, preferably 1 to 6, in particular 1 .1 to 3, most preferably 1.1 to 1.7.

The detergents preferably contain nonionic surfactants in amounts of 0.1 to 14.9% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 8% by weight and extremely preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

The betaine surfactants or amphoteric surfactants that can be used according to the invention include the alkyl betaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines and the aminopropionates as well as the sulfobetaines and biosurfactants. A preferred ingredient here is alkylamidobetaine.

These betaine surfactants or amphoteric surfactants are preferably used in amounts of from 0.05 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 7% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 5% by weight.

In a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, surfactant, disintegrant and/or tabletting excipient together make up at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight and particularly preferably at least 99% by weight, based on the overall composition of the shaped body. In a further preferred embodiment, the shaped body consists exclusively of surfactant, disintegrant and/or tabletting aid.

It is provided according to the invention that the shaped body for hand dishwashing detergent preferably contains at least one disintegrant as a disintegrating agent. Among tablet disintegrants According to Römpp (9th edition, vol. 6, p. 4440 ) and Voigt "Textbook of pharmaceutical technology" (6th edition, 1987, pp. 182-184 ) Understood excipients that ensure the rapid disintegration of shaped bodies or tablets in water or gastric juice and for the release of pharmaceuticals in absorbable form.

Disintegrants or disintegrants for the purposes of the present invention support the rapid disintegration of the hand dishwashing detergent tablets by releasing gases. Suitable disintegrants include, for example, carbonate/citric acid systems, although other organic acids can also be used. The hand dishwashing detergent tablets according to the invention contain 0.5 to 20% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight and in particular 4 to 12% by weight of one or more disintegrants, based in each case on the overall composition of the shaped body.

The disintegrating agent provided according to the invention is preferably a substance which develops gas on contact with water. The shaped body according to the invention particularly preferably contains a mixture of acid and carbonate compound, preferably citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, as disintegrant.

The hand dishwashing detergent tablet according to the invention also preferably contains at least one substance that swells on contact with water, which also acts as a disintegrant and is also referred to below as a swelling component. Disintegrants or swelling components within the meaning of the present invention include polymers, in particular also natural polymers or modified natural substances such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein derivatives.

In the context of the present invention, swelling components based on cellulose are used as preferred disintegrants. The hand dishwashing detergent tablets according to the invention contain one or more cellulose-based disintegrants, preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular 4 to 6% by weight. Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C6 H10 O5 )n and is formally a β-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose units and consequently have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000. Cellulose-based disintegrants which can also be used in the present invention are cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions. Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. However, celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups that are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives. The group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses. The cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone, but used in a mixture with cellulose. The content of cellulose derivatives in these mixtures is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegrant.

The cellulose used as a disintegrating agent is preferably not used in finely divided form, but is converted into a coarser form, for example granulated or compacted, before it is added to the mixtures to be compressed.

Microcrystalline cellulose can be used as a further cellulose-based disintegrant or as part of this component. This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which attack and completely dissolve only the amorphous areas (about 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses, but leave the crystalline areas (about 70%) intact. Subsequent deaggregation of the microfine celluloses produced by the hydrolysis yields the microcrystalline celluloses, which have primary particle sizes of about 5 μm and can be compacted, for example, to give granules with an average particle size of 200 μm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hand dishwashing detergent tablet contains a substance that swells on contact with water as a disintegrating agent, selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivatives and mixtures of the aforementioned substances.

Disintegrants suitable according to the invention are, for example, ^Arbocel® from J. Rettenmaier & Sons GmbH and Co., ^Avicel® from Lehmann & Voss, or else ^Elcema® from Degussa.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the hand dishwashing detergent tablets contain at least one disintegrant in an amount of at least 0.5% by weight, preferably in an amount in the range from 0.5 to 60% by weight and particularly preferably in the range from 4 to 10% by weight .-%, based on the total composition of the molding contains.

According to the invention, the hand dishwashing detergent tablets preferably contain at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol sulfates, preferably fatty alcohol sulfates with a chain length of the lipophilic part of C8-C16, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, preferably fatty alcohol ether sulfates with a chain length of the lipophilic part of C8-C16 and EO grades between 0, 1 and 8, linear alkyl sulfonates, preferably alcohol sulfonates with a chain length of the alkyl radical of C8 -C18 and alkyl benzene sulfonates. The anionic surfactants mentioned above can be used either in pure form or as a mixture. Counterions suitable according to the invention include all possible ones cationic compounds, particularly preferred are quaternary amines, alkali and alkaline earth counter ions, such as magnesium.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the hand dishwashing detergent tablet contains 1 to 60% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total composition of the tablet, of at least one anionic surfactant.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the shaped body contains at least one amphoteric and/or nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of betaines, alkyl polyglycosides, preferably C12-C16 alkyl polyglycosides, and alkyl alcohol polyglycol ethers. The hand dishwashing detergent tablets particularly preferably contain 0.1 to 35% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, based on the overall composition of the tablet, of at least one amphoteric and/or nonionic surfactant.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the hand dishwashing detergent tablet contains 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total amount of surfactant in the tablet, of at least one amphoteric and/or nonionic surfactant.

According to the invention, it is particularly preferred for the shaped body to contain one or more tabletting auxiliaries in addition to surfactant and disintegrating agent. Tableting excipients preferred according to the invention are water glass and/or silicic acid. The silicic acid preferably contained in the shaped bodies according to the invention serves as a tabletting aid, but can also have a polishing effect as a mild abrasive component.

According to the invention, precipitated silicas and fumed silica are particularly suitable.

According to the present invention, the hand dishwashing detergent shaped bodies according to the invention can also contain other tableting auxiliaries as an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned substances, such as zeolites, silicates, carbonates or else so-called organic cobuilders.

Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSix O2x+1 .H2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4 are. Such crystalline sheet silicates are, for example, in the European patent application EP-A-0 164 514 described. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the given formula are those in where M is sodium and x is 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates Na2 Si2 O5 .yH2 O are preferred, while β-sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in International patent application WO-A-91/08171 is described.

Amorphous sodium silicates can also be used. In the context of this invention, the term "amorphous" also means "X-ray amorphous". This means that in X-ray diffraction experiments the silicates do not produce any sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-ray radiation, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle. Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates, which have a delay in dissolving compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in the German patent application DE-A-44 00 024 described. Densified/compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.

The finely crystalline, synthetic zeolite containing bound water that can be used is preferably zeolite A and/or P. Zeolite ^MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred as zeolite P. However, zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and/or P are also suitable. A co-crystallizate of zeolite X and zeolite A (approx. 80% by weight of zeolite X ) managed by CONDEA Augusta S. p. A. is sold under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and is described by the formula nNa2 O.(1-n)K2 O.Al2 O3 .(2-2.5)SiO2 .(3.5-5.5)H2 O can. The zeolite can be used both as a tableting aid in a granular compound and for a kind of "powdering" of the entire mixture to be compressed. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

Customary organic tabletting excipients are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids that can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.

Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.

Alkali carriers can be present as further components. Alkali carriers are alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, alkali metal silicates, alkali metal metasilicates and mixtures of the aforementioned substances.

In addition to the surfactants, disintegrants, swelling components and/or auxiliary tableting substances provided according to the invention, the hand dishwashing detergent tablets can contain other auxiliary substances and additives, such as dyes, preservatives, foam regulators, skin protection substances, rinse aids, antibacterial agents, silver protectants, complexing agents and/or fragrances.

In a further preferred embodiment, the moldings according to the invention contain no defoamers.

As perfume oils or fragrances, for example, individual fragrance compounds such. B. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type can be used. Perfume compounds of the ester type are z. benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate, phenyl ethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methyl phenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes z. B. the linear alkanals with 8-18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal, to the ketones z. the ionones, α-isomethylionone and methylcedryl ketone, the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include the terpenes such as limonene and pinene. However, preference is given to using mixtures of different fragrances which together produce an appealing fragrance note. Such perfume oils can also contain natural fragrance mixtures, such as are available from plant sources, e.g. B. pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable are muscatel, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.

Substances selected from the group consisting of the triazoles, the benzotriazoles, the bisbenzotriazoles, the aminotriazoles, the alkylaminotriazoles and the transition metal salts or complexes can be used as silver protectants, for example. Particular preference is given to using benzotriazole and/or alkylaminotriazole. Zinc compounds can also be used to prevent corrosion on the items to be washed.

In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, at least 50% by volume of the hand dishwashing detergent tablets, preferably at least 70% by volume, disintegrate and/or dissolve in water at a water temperature of 35° C. within 5 minutes, preferably within 1 minute and particularly preferably within 30 seconds %, more preferably at least 80% by volume, particularly preferably at least 90% by volume and particularly preferably 100% by volume, based on the total volume of the shaped body.

The dissolution kinetics or the dissolution behavior of the hand dishwashing detergent tablets according to the invention can not only be regulated via the content of disintegrant and the composition of the shaped body, but can also be influenced via the production process or the tabletting. The moldings according to the invention are produced by the usual methods of molding production. The hand dishwashing agent tablets are preferably produced by mixing and then compressing the components of the hand dishwashing agent tablets.

The above measures can be used, for example, to set the solution behavior of the shaped body according to the invention in such a way that the shaped body dissolves in water at 35° C. within 1 minute to at least 50% by volume, preferably 70% by volume, preferably 80% by volume. -%, more preferably 90% by volume, more preferably 95% by volume and most preferably 99% by volume. In a further preferred embodiment, the shaped body dissolves in water at 35° C. water within 45 seconds to at least 50% by volume, preferably to 70% by volume, preferably to 80% by volume, more preferably to 90% by volume. %, more preferably 95% by volume and most preferably 99% by volume. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the shaped body dissolves in water at 35° C. within 30 seconds to at least 50% by volume, preferably 60% by volume, preferably 70% by volume, more preferably 90% by volume. %, more preferably 95% by volume and most preferably 99% by volume, based on the total volume of the molding according to the invention.

With regard to the desired rapid dissolution behavior of the shaped bodies, certain measures in the production of the tablets or shaped bodies have proven to be special proven beneficial. In a preferred embodiment, at least some of the components to be processed, preferably the surfactant components, are pressed in granular form during the production of the shaped bodies.

It is also particularly preferred that at least some of the components to be processed, preferably the surface-active components, are coated with a water-soluble coating substance, preferably with an inorganic coating substance, such as silicic acid, before pressing.

In a further embodiment which is particularly preferred according to the invention, at least some of the components to be processed, preferably the surfactant components, are pressed in finely divided form during the production of the shaped bodies. The use of a finely divided, possibly ground premix in the production of the shaped body is particularly advantageous since the resulting tablet or shaped body disintegrates spontaneously on contact with water to form a large surface area.

In principle, it is preferred that, if possible, components that do not tend to gel are used in the production of the hand dishwashing detergent tablets according to the invention. The use of strongly gelling components has a disadvantageous effect on the dissolution behavior of the shaped bodies.

The strength, the moisture content and the solubility of the moldings according to the invention can also be influenced in a targeted manner by treatment with microwaves.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hand dishwashing detergent tablet according to the invention comprises two, three or more layers, which can have the same or different compositions. Multilayer moldings can be produced in a manner known per se by preparing two or more premixes which are pressed onto one another. In this case, the premix introduced first is usually slightly precompressed in order to obtain a smooth upper side running parallel to the base of the tablet, and after the second premix has been introduced, it is finally compressed to give the finished tablet. In the case of three-layer or multi-layer moldings, a further precompression takes place after each addition of the premix before the molding is finally pressed after the addition of the last premix.

It is also preferred that the homogeneous or multi-layered hand dishwashing detergent shaped body according to the invention has a depression or a trough and/or a reservoir, which can be a hollow chamber or a matrix in the shaped body, which can be used to hold powdered, liquid and/or gel components , such as rinse aid, is suitable. Particular preference is given to a trough or reservoir filling which is poured into the reservoir or trough as a melt dispersion or emulsion containing active substances, the melt suspension or emulsion essentially consisting of a shell substance which has a melting point above 30.degree having. In principle, all ingredients commonly used in detergents and cleaning agents are suitable as active substance(s). The active substances to be incorporated into the melt suspension or emulsion can be in either solid or liquid form at the processing temperature.

Various requirements are placed on the enveloping substances, which relate to the melting or solidification behavior on the one hand, and the material properties of the encapsulation in the solidified area at ambient temperature on the other. Since the cover is intended to permanently protect the active substances enclosed therein against environmental influences during transport or storage, it must have a high level of stability with regard to impact loads occurring, for example, during packaging or transport. The casing should therefore have either at least partially elastic or at least plastic properties in order to react to an impact load that occurs through elastic or plastic deformation and not to break. The coating should have a melting range (solidification range) in a temperature range such that the active substances to be coated are not exposed to excessive thermal stress. According to the invention, the enveloping substances have a melting point above 30.degree.

The properties mentioned above are usually fulfilled by so-called waxes. "Waxes" is understood to mean a number of natural or artificially obtained substances which usually melt above 30° C. without decomposition and are relatively low-viscosity and not stringy even slightly above the melting point. They have a strongly temperature-dependent consistency and solubility.

Waxes are divided into three groups according to their origin: natural waxes, chemically modified waxes and synthetic waxes.

The natural waxes include, for example, vegetable waxes such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, sugar cane wax, ouricury wax or montan wax, animal waxes such as beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax) or rump fat, mineral waxes such as ceresin or ozokerite (earth wax), or petrochemical waxes such as petrolatum, paraffin waxes or microwaxes.

The chemically modified waxes include, for example, hard waxes such as montan ester waxes, sasol waxes or hydrogenated jojoba waxes.

Synthetic waxes are generally understood to mean polyalkylene waxes or polyalkylene glycol waxes. Compounds from other classes of substances which meet the stated requirements with regard to the softening point can also be used as shell materials.

For example, higher esters of phthalic acid, in particular dicyclohexyl phthalate, which is commercially available under the name ^Unimoll® 66 (Bayer AG), have proven to be suitable synthetic compounds. Synthetically produced waxes from lower carboxylic acids and fatty alcohols are also suitable, for example dimyristyl tartrate, which is available under the name Cosmacol® ^ETLP (Condea). Conversely, synthetic or partially synthetic esters of lower alcohols with fatty acids from native sources can also be used. This class of substances includes, for example, ^Tegin® 90 (Goldschmidt), a glycerol monostearate palmitate. Shellac, for example Schellack-KPS-Dreiring-SP (Kalkhoff GmbH), can also be used according to the invention as the casing material.

The so-called wax alcohols, for example, are likewise counted among the waxes in the context of the present invention. Wax alcohols are higher molecular weight, water-insoluble fatty alcohols, usually with about 22 to 40 carbon atoms. The wax alcohols occur, for example, in the form of wax esters of higher molecular weight fatty acids (wax acids) as the main component of many natural waxes. Examples of wax alcohols are lignoceryl alcohol (1-tetracosanol), cetyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol or melissyl alcohol. The coating of the solid particles coated according to the invention can optionally also contain wool wax alcohols, by which is meant triterpenoid and steroid alcohols, for example lanolin, which is available, for example, under the trade name ^Argowax® (Pamentier & Co). Within the scope of the present invention, however, fatty acid glycerol esters or fatty acid alkanolamides can also be used, at least in part, as a component of the coating optionally also water-insoluble or only slightly water-soluble polyalkylene glycol compounds.

In a customary process, the separately produced hand dishwashing detergent tablets are filled with the separately produced melt suspension or emulsion at temperatures above the melting temperature of the enveloping substance. The temperature of the melt to be filled in can be selected as high as desired, but with regard to temperature-sensitive ingredients it is preferred that the filling is carried out at temperatures which are at most 10° C., preferably at most 5° C. and in particular at most 2° C. above the solidification temperature of the melt suspension or emulsion. The metering of the melt suspension or emulsion into the trough of the prefabricated shaped body is preferably carried out by means of a piston metering pump, a pneumatic pump, a peristaltic pump or a gear pump.

Another object of the present invention is the use of a phosphate-free and silicone-free hand dishwashing detergent tablet according to the present invention for cleaning hard and/or soft surfaces, preferably for cleaning dishes.

In one example, a shaped body with a mass of 8.6 g was produced, comprising a surfactant content of 21% surfactant (Texapon Z95p). Furthermore, fillers in the form of 23.5% citric acid anhydrate and 55% sodium bicarbonate were added as an alkaline agent. This serves as a disintegrating agent to form CO2 for bubbling and dissolving. In addition, 0.25% each color and perfume were dosed. The molded body had a central portion and four protuberances projecting therefrom, which were arranged substantially at right angles to each other.

It was found that such a body has improved dissolving behavior compared to a simple block-like shaped body of the same composition and mass.

illustration 1 shows a shaped body 1 for manual cleaning of dishes comprising a central area 10; and two protruding bulge 22.

Figure 2 shows a shaped body 1 for manual cleaning of dishes comprising a central area 10; and four bulges 22 projecting therefrom. These are arranged substantially at right angles to each other.

Claims (5)

Shaped body (1) for manual cleaning of dishes, comprising: at least one surfactant characterized in that the shaped body (1) has a central area (10); and at least one bulge (22) protruding therefrom. Shaped body according to Claim 1 for the manual cleaning of dishes, comprising at least two protruding bulges (22). Shaped body according to Claim 2 for the manual cleaning of dishes, comprising at least 4 protruding bulges (22). Shaped body according to one of the preceding claims for the manual cleaning of dishes, comprising a disintegrating agent, in particular a carbonate and an acid anhydride. Use of the shaped body according to one of the preceding claims for the manual cleaning of dishes.

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