EP4014003A1

EP4014003A1 - Recoil brake and barreled firearm

Info

Publication number: EP4014003A1
Application number: EP20743689.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Florian SCHWIEGER; Berthold Baumann; Reinhard DOLLAK
Original assignee: Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Current assignee: Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date: 2019-08-15
Filing date: 2020-07-21
Publication date: 2022-06-22
Also published as: DE102019121982A1; KR20220056184A; US11740049B2; IL290349A; US20220325975A1; JP2022543607A; DE102019121982A8; WO2021028165A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a recoil brake (1) for braking recoiling masses of a barreled firearm, comprising: a hollow cylinder (10), which has an interior (11), the interior being filled with a fluid and having a high-pressure side (14) and a low-pressure side (12); a control rod (40), which is arranged in the hollow cylinder (10) and has an end (42), which is connected to the hollow cylinder (10); a piston rod (30), which surrounds the control rod (40) and is arranged within the hollow cylinder (10) for movement in an axial direction (A) of the hollow cylinder (10), wherein a piston (20), which is arranged for sliding in the axial direction (A), is formed on the piston rod (30), which piston fluidically separates the high-pressure side (14) from the low-pressure side (12). A distance (L) by which the piston (20) can slide in the axial direction (A) is at least as large as the recoil distance of the recoiling masses during the passage of a bullet through the barreled firearm.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Barrel brake and barrel weapon

The invention relates to a tubular brake for braking returning masses of a tubular weapon, comprising a hollow cylinder which has an interior filled with a fluid, a control rod arranged in the hollow cylinder which has one end connected to the hollow cylinder and a piston rod surrounding the control rod which is movably arranged within the hollow cylinder in an axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

The application also relates to a barrel weapon, in particular a large-caliber weapon, comprising at least one such barrel brake.

For the precision of barrel weapons and particularly large-caliber barrel weapons, it is important that the barrel is not excited to vibrate as the bullet passes through it. Today's large-caliber gun barrels have a gun return that is slowed down by barrel brakes. The braking force is usually generated by a fluid brake as a function of the path of the weapon return. A hydraulic fluid is pressed through a regulating gap. The control gap is variable with the return and thus controls the braking force.

DE 10 2017 103 052 A1 discloses a pipe brake with a hollow cylinder which is filled with fluid. A movable piston rod and a control rod arranged within the piston rod are located inside the hollow cylinder. The control rod has a changing control profile.

From DE 30 15 126 A1 a hydropneumatic tube pre-hollow and a tube brake for a recoil gun are known, a piston rod being formed in a hollow cylinder which has a piston firmly connected to the piston rod.

US Pat. No. 4,502,366 and DE 2943 083 B1 disclose a hydraulic return brake with a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod arranged therein. A pipe brake is known from EP 0 351 501 A1. The pipe brake comprises a hollow cylinder filled with fluid. In the hollow cylinder, a control rod is arranged and a

The end of the control rod is connected to the hollow cylinder. A piston rod is formed in one piece with a piston around the control rod and is movable within the hollow cylinder. When a projectile is fired and passes through the gun barrel, the gun barrel moves back. The brake piston, which is designed in one piece with the piston rod, generates a braking force during this time. The tube brake also has a piston ring behind the piston. The piston and the piston ring have a bore so that the high pressure side and the low pressure side are connected through the piston and the piston ring in the rest position. The bore is designed for flow restriction.

Due to the structure of the known weapon brakes, while the projectile passes through the weapon barrel, a braking force is generated which acts on the weapon barrel, which causes the barrel to vibrate. This has a negative effect on the precision of the weapon.

Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object of creating a barrel brake which enables the barrel to return freely while the projectile is still in the barrel.

This object is achieved by the pipe brake of claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

According to the invention, a tubular brake for braking returning masses of a tubular weapon is provided, comprising a hollow cylinder which has an interior filled with a fluid, a control rod arranged in the hollow cylinder, which has one end connected to the hollow cylinder, and a piston rod surrounding the control rod which is movably arranged within the hollow cylinder in an axial direction of the hollow cylinder, a piston which is arranged displaceably in the axial direction and which fluidically separates a high pressure side from a low pressure side of the interior space is formed on the piston rod.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a barrel weapon according to claim 12 is provided which has at least one barrel brake of this type or one which is further developed as described below.

The barrel weapon is preferably a weapon that usually has one or more barrel brakes. Such a weapon is preferably a medium or large-caliber weapon. The recoiling masses are parts of a barrel weapon that are deflected against the direction of fire due to recoil. This includes in particular the gun barrel and breech.

The end of the control rod is preferably connected circumferentially to the hollow cylinder.

The hollow cylinder has the high pressure side and the low pressure side. While the gun barrel is braked by the barrel brake and the piston rod moves together with the piston through the hollow cylinder, the pressure on the high pressure side is higher than on the low pressure side.

The hollow cylinder of the barrel brake is preferably connected to the cradle of the barrel weapon and the piston rod to the returning mass of the weapon. But it is also possible that the tube brake is connected to the returning masses of the weapon and the piston rod is connected to the cradle.

The piston rod is movable within the hollow cylinder in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

The piston is arranged on the piston rod so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder.

This ensures that the weapon barrel can freely return while a fired projectile passes through the weapon barrel. The pipe brake has no braking effect during this. The braking effect of the barrel brake only sets in after the projectile has left the gun barrel. A small residual braking force is also prevented by the pipe brake. This ensures that the weapon barrel is stimulated to vibrate as little as possible during the projectile passage. This has a positive effect on the precision of the barrel weapon.

In an advantageous further development of the pipe brake, it can be provided that the piston fluidically separates the high pressure side from the low pressure side in such a way that, in particular in an area between an outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder, fluidic communication between the high pressure side and the low pressure side through the piston is excluded through it. What is achieved hereby is that the piston can move freely on the piston rod without the fluid being able to flow through the piston between an outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder. The piston seals this area between the outer contour of the piston rod and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder. The fluid is preferably a hydraulic fluid.

Furthermore, the barrel brake can provide that the axially displaceable path of the piston is at least as great as the return path of the returning masses during a projectile passage through the barrel weapon.

This ensures that a projectile has left the weapon barrel before the barrel brake engages, so that the barrel of a barrel weapon is excited to vibrate as little as possible.

In an advantageous embodiment of the tubular brake, it can further be provided that the piston has two, essentially radially, end faces. This ensures a compact design of the piston and an even pressure distribution over the piston. In addition, structural weak points are avoided and a good sealing effect is achieved.

The tubular brake can preferably be designed in such a way that the piston has a high-pressure side end face, the entire end face of which corresponds to the high pressure side in a rest position. Furthermore, it can be provided that the end face also corresponds to the high pressure side in a stop position and a position between the rest position and the stop position.

In an advantageous further development, the tubular brake can provide that the piston has a low-pressure side face, the entire face of which corresponds at all times to the low-pressure side.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the piston rod has an essentially cylindrical outer contour over its entire length. This ensures that the piston can be axially displaced over a large distance. Thus, even relatively slow projectiles can leave the weapon barrel before the braking effect of the barrel brake takes effect.

In an embodiment of the piston it can be provided that a regulating gap is formed within the piston rod, in particular between the piston rod and the regulating rod, which connects the high pressure side and the low pressure side, the piston rod having at least one opening which connects the high pressure side and the regulating gap to one another.

The opening is preferably arranged in front of a rest position of the piston. Alternatively, the opening can also be arranged behind a rest position of the piston, so that the opening is only exposed when the piston has passed the opening.

This ensures that the fluid can only flow through the control gap from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side during the braking process and a defined braking effect is thus established due to the dimensioning of the control gap.

The rest position is understood to mean the position of the displaceably arranged piston in which the piston is located before the shot is fired.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the control gap communicates with the high pressure side and the low pressure side in the rest position of the piston. For this purpose, the regulating gap has an opening which is connected to the high pressure side and an opening which is connected to the low pressure side.

The regulating gap and the piston are positioned and, in the case of the piston, movable in such a way that the regulating gap is never closed by the piston. The piston thus closes the regulating gap neither in the rest position nor in the end position, nor in a position between the rest position and the end position.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the piston has a bevel on the high-pressure side face, which has the same angle of inclination as the opening.

In this way, the contour of the opening is preferably lengthened by the chamfer of the piston in the rest position.

In the event that the piston is at least partially arranged over the opening in its rest position, this results in improved hydrodynamics when flowing through the regulating gap in the area of the opening.

In a further development of the pipe brake, it can be provided that the pipe brake has a stop element arranged on the piston rod for providing an end stop in an end position of the piston.

The invention is to be explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a pipe brake according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a tube brake 1 according to the invention. The tube brake 1 is provided for braking backward masses of a barrel weapon. The pipe brake 1 has a hollow cylinder 10 which has an interior space 11 filled with a fluid. The interior 11 has a floch pressure side 14 and a low pressure side 12.

The pipe brake 1 also comprises a control rod 40 arranged in the hollow cylinder 10. The control rod 40 has an end 42 which is connected to the hollow cylinder 10. Control rod 40 and hollow cylinder 10 are preferably screwed together for this purpose. The control rod 40 is therefore not movable relative to the hollow cylinder 10 in the assembled state.

The pipe brake 1 further comprises a piston rod 30 surrounding the control rod 40, which is arranged within the hollow cylinder 10 so as to be movable in an axial direction A of the hollow cylinder 10 relative to the hollow cylinder 10 and the control rod 40. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the piston rod 30 is a tubular component in which the control rod 40 is arranged.

The hollow cylinder 10 of the tubular brake 1 is connected to a cradle of the tubular weapon and the piston rod 30 to the returning masses of the weapon. Alternatively, however, it is also possible that the hollow cylinder 10 is connected to the returning mass of the weapon and the piston rod 30 is connected to the cradle.

A piston 20 that is displaceable in an axial direction A is also arranged inside the hollow cylinder 10. The outer diameter is dimensioned in such a way that it is insignificantly smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder 10, so that it forms a clearance fit that allows the piston 20 to be displaced in the axial direction A within the hollow cylinder 10. Furthermore, the piston 20 has seals so that it is sealed off from the hollow cylinder 10 at its outer diameter.

The piston rod 30, which is displaceable relative to the piston, is supported within the piston 20, so that the piston 20, which is arranged displaceably in the axial direction A and fluidically separates the floch pressure side 14 from the low pressure side 12, is formed on the piston rod 30. The piston 20 can be displaced axially along the piston rod 30 between a rest position R and an end position E. A stop element 50 is also arranged at one end of the piston rod 30 to provide an end stop in an end position E of the piston 20. The stop element 50 also serves to hold an elastic means 16 on the piston rod 30 and an end stop for the elastic means 16 to provide.

The other side of the elastic means 16 is supported on the piston 20 and ensures that it can have a defined preload with respect to the stop element 50. In one embodiment, the elastic means 16 is, for example, a spring. For this purpose, stop element 50 is screwed onto piston rod 30, for example, and / or secured by a screw.

The piston 20, which is arranged displaceably in the axial direction A and which fluidly separates the floch pressure side 14 from the low pressure side 12, is formed on the piston rod 30. The piston 20 can be displaced axially along the piston rod 30 between a rest position R and an end position E. The rest position R defines a position of the piston 20 before a projectile is fired and the end position E of the piston 20 is defined by the stop element 50 arranged on the piston rod 30. Furthermore, the piston 20 and piston rod 30 can be axially displaced together with respect to the hollow cylinder 10.

The piston 20 fluidically separates the floch pressure side 14 from the low pressure side 12 in such a way that, in particular in an area B between an outer contour of the piston rod 30 and an inner contour of the hollow cylinder 10, there is no fluidic communication between the floch pressure side 14 and the low pressure side 12 through the piston 20 is formed therethrough. Rather, the fluid for fluidic communication must flow through a regulating gap 34, which connects the floch pressure side 14 with the low pressure side 12.

The regulating gap 34 is formed within the piston rod 30, in particular between the piston rod 30 and the regulating rod 40. The piston rod 30 has at least one opening 32 which connects the floch pressure side 14 and the regulating gap 34 to one another, the opening 32 being arranged in front of the rest position R of the piston 20. Alternatively, the at least one opening 32 can also be arranged in such a way that it is only released by the displacement of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 (not shown).

The other side of the regulating gap 34 is connected to the low pressure side 12 via a further opening, so that the regulating gap 34 connects the floch pressure side 14 and the low pressure side 12 to one another. An axially displaceable path L of the piston 20 in the axial direction A is at least as great as the return path of the returning masses during a projectile passage through the barrel weapon, i.e. the path that the returning mass covers until the projectile leaves the weapon barrel.

While the weapon barrel is braked by the barrel brake 1 and the piston rod 30 moves together with the piston 20 through the hollow cylinder 10, the pressure on the high pressure side 14 is higher than on the low pressure side 12.

The piston 20 has two essentially radially extending end faces 22, 24. One of the two end faces 22, 24 is an end face 24 on the high pressure side, the entire end face 24 of which corresponds to the high pressure side 14 in a rest position R. The other end face is an end face 22 on the low pressure side, which corresponds to the low pressure side 12 at all times.

On the end face 24 on the high-pressure side, the piston 20 has a bevel 28 which has the same angle of inclination as the opening 32. In the rest position R shown in FIG. 1, the contour 33 of the opening 32 is lengthened by the bevel 28 of the piston 20.

The end face 22 on the low-pressure side has a groove in which the elastic means 16 is supported.

If a projectile is fired and it moves through the barrel, the returning mass of the gun runs back. The piston rod 30, which is also connected to the returning parts of the barrel weapon, also runs back, so that the piston rod 30 moves in the axial direction A relative to the piston 20 within the hollow cylinder 10 of the barrel brake 1. The piston 20 remains in its position due to its inertia. This relative displacement continues as the bullet moves through the barrel. The axially displaceable path L of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 is dimensioned in such a way that the piston rod 30 moves relative to the piston 20 and the returning mass returns without braking for the entire duration that the projectile needs to pass through the weapon barrel can. In other words, the path L between the rest position R and the end position E of the piston 20 on the piston rod 30 is selected to be so large that the projectile has left the weapon barrel before the piston 20 rests against the stop element 50.

While the piston 20 runs back on the piston rod 30, the elastic means 16, which is designed as a spring, in particular as a compression spring, is compressed. Only when the projectile has left the weapon barrel does the piston 20 reach the stop element 50 and is carried along by the piston rod 30, so that from this point on the piston 20 and piston rod 30 move together through the hollow cylinder 10 of the barrel brake 1 and the Braking effect of the pipe brake 1 begins. For this purpose, the fluid is pressed through the at least one opening 32 in the piston rod 30 through the regulating gap 34 from the high pressure side 14 to the low pressure side 12, whereby the brake pressure builds up and the braking force of the pipe brake is generated.

Insofar as the above disclosure relates to a barrel brake 1 as such, this also applies as disclosed for a barrel weapon with such a barrel brake 1.

REFERENCE LIST

1 pipe brake

10 hollow cylinders

11 interior

12 low pressure side

14 high pressure side

16 elastic means

20 pistons

22 end face on the low pressure side

24 high-pressure side face

28 bevel

30 piston rod

32 opening

34 standard gap

40 control rod

42 fixed end of the control rod

50 stop element

A axial direction

B area

E end position

L axially movable path

R rest position

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Tube brake (1) for braking returning masses of a tube weapon, comprising a hollow cylinder (10) which has an interior (11) filled with a fluid, a control rod (40) arranged in the hollow cylinder (10) which has one end ( 42), which is connected to the hollow cylinder (10), a piston rod (30) surrounding the control rod (40), which piston rod (30) is movably arranged within the hollow cylinder (10) in an axial direction (A) of the hollow cylinder (10), characterized that on the piston rod (30) there is formed a piston (20) which is arranged displaceably in the axial direction (A) and which fluidically separates a high-pressure side (14) from a low-pressure side (12) of the interior (11).

2. Pipe brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (20) fluidically separates the high pressure side (14) from the low pressure side (12) in such a way that, in particular in an area (B) between an outer contour of the piston rod (30) and a Inner contour of the hollow cylinder (10), a fluidic communication between the high pressure side (14) and the low pressure side (12) through the piston (20) is excluded.

3. Pipe brake (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an axially displaceable path (L) of the piston (20) is at least as great as the return path of the returning masses during a projectile passage through the Barrel weapon.

4. Pipe brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (20) has two, essentially radially, end faces (22, 24).

5. Pipe brake (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the end face (24) of the piston (20) is a high-pressure end face (24), the entire end face (24) of which in a rest position (R) with the high pressure side (14) corresponds.

6. Pipe brake (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the end face (22) of the piston (20) is a low-pressure side end face (22), the entire end face of which corresponds at all times with the low-pressure side (12).

7. Pipe brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston rod (30) has a substantially cylindrical outer contour over its entire length.

8. pipe brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within the piston rod (30), in particular between the piston rod (30) and control rod (40), a control gap (34) is formed, which the high pressure side (14) and the Low-pressure side (12) connects, the piston rod (30) having at least one opening (32) which connects the high-pressure side (14) and the control gap (34) to one another, the opening (32) preferably in front of a rest position (R) of the piston (20) is arranged.

9. pipe brake (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the regulating gap (34) communicates in the rest position (R) of the piston (20) with the high pressure side (14) and the low pressure side (12).

10. Pipe brake (1) according to 8 or 9, characterized in that the piston (20) on the high-pressure end face (24) has a bevel (28) which has the same angle of inclination as the opening (32).

11. Pipe brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipe brake (1) has a stop element (50) arranged on the piston rod (30) for providing an end stop in an end position (E) of the piston (20) .

12. Barrel gun comprising at least one barrel brake (1) according to one of the preceding claims.