EP2923169B1 - Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a gun barrel with a mass-lockable closure system, which comprises a closure housing with a closure part displaceably mounted therein and an elastic closure element. In order to minimize the forces, a hydraulic brake integrated in the closure is installed. This changes the time course of the power transmission and thus reduces the amount of force acting on the shooter or a gun carriage or in the case of large-caliber weapons on the cradle. The brake decouples the movement of the closure from the movement of the weapon housing.

In automatic or semi-automatic guns with mass lockable closure system, the weapon barrel of the corresponding weapon is closed at the rear by a heavy closure part (closure block), wherein the closure member is slidably disposed in an axially adjacent to the weapon barrel closure housing of the weapon and acted upon by an elastic closing element (Vorholer) is, which is usually a closing spring (see, for example: Rheinmetall "weapons technical paperback", Dusseldorf, 7th Edition 1985, pages 248 ff ).

Since relatively high recoil forces can occur when firing powerful ammunition, this leads to a heavy load on the recoil-absorbing weapon carrier, i. either the shooter or the gun carriage, if the weapon is rigidly connected to it.

Rebound brakes are known as such. That's how it describes DE 60 2005 000 575 T2 ( EP 1 591 742 B2 ) a hydraulic recoil brake, wherein the rod is fixed to a bottom piece sleeve and the brake body on the solid support of the weapon.

A weapon with recoil damping reveals the DE 10 2007 003 180 B4 , The recoil damping used herein acts between a frame assembly and a barrel assembly, and is axially between a bumper region of the barrel assembly and a support region the frame assembly arranged.

Another weapon return system describes the DE 10 2009 039 548 A1 , This consists of a pressure vessel and a pressure cylinder with pressure piston. The gun barrel end is connected to the plunger cylinder for compressing a gas cushion in the impression cylinder. The pressure piston is designed so that when returning a large cross-section for the flow of the liquid and the pipe prefetching a small cross-section is open.

A hydropneumatic brake and Vorholsystem for pipe return protected is also the DE 10 2006 014 155 A1 removable.

The invention is based on the CH 582 342 It is an object of the invention to specify a gun with a mass-lockable closure system, wherein the recoil forces acting on the weapon carrier when shooting is to be as small as possible.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

The invention is based essentially on the idea to provide for the reduction of the forces on the weapon as high a returning mass with the longest possible return paths. It is intended to integrate a hydraulic brake in the closure part, so that the timing of the power transmission upon firing changed so that the amount of recoil force acting on the shooter or on the carriage, can be reduced. In this case, the movement of the closure part is decoupled from the movement of the closure housing by the hydraulic brake.

To realize the closure system according to the invention, the closure part is not designed as a solid closure block, but as a hollow cylinder with a front wall arranged in the weft direction and an axially opposite rear wall, wherein in the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder a brake cylinder filled with a brake fluid is arranged axially from the front wall extends to the vicinity of the rear wall of the hollow cylinder. The axially displaceable in the brake cylinder piston is connected to a piston rod which is passed through the rear wall of the hollow cylinder and connected at its end facing away from the piston with the closure housing. In addition, the cylinder space of the hollow cylinder is divided by a brake piston on the axially displaceable balance piston in two sub-cylinder spaces, wherein, in the weft direction of the corresponding Weapon seen rear side arranged first partial cylinder space also filled with the brake fluid and connected via a gap-shaped opening with the located in front of the piston of the brake cylinder chamber. In the second part of the cylinder space, the elastic closing element is arranged, which holds the balancing piston in a starting position, such that when the closing part returns by the piston moving into the first partial cylinder space, the compensating piston is moved towards the closing element and the closing element is tensioned.

The invention has the advantage that the integration of the brake and the closing element into the closure part makes the full component weight available as part of the mass of the closure part.

It is achieved by the connected with the closing element in series and also arranged in the closure part hydraulic translation that the closing spring can have a relatively small length and their characteristic only a relatively flat increase in force.

In addition, the closure system according to the invention has the advantages that the closing element is well encapsulated and therefore environmental influences have only a small influence on this element. Furthermore, it has been shown that this closure system has a high reliability and the clamping force of the closing element is very constant.

The closing element is preferably a compression spring, which is supported with its one end on the balance piston and with its other end on the front wall of the closure part.

Fig. 1

den Längsschnitt eines schematisch dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Verschlusssystems einer Rohrwaffe mit einem in einem Verschlussgehäuse angeordneten Verschlussteil in seiner Ausgangsposition;

Fig.2

das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Verschlusssystem während des Rücklaufes des Verschlussteiles nach Schussabgabe und

Fig.

3 das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Verschlusssystem bei Beendigung des Rücklaufes und kurz vor Beginn des Vorlaufes in seine Ausgangsposition.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

the longitudinal section of a schematically illustrated closure system according to the invention a gun with a tube arranged in a closure housing closure member in its initial position;

Fig.2

this in Fig. 1 Shutter system shown during the return of the closure part after firing and

FIG.

3 in the Fig. 2 illustrated closure system at the end of the return and shortly before the start of the flow to its starting position.

In the Fig. 1 to 3 is denoted by 1 a mass-locking locking system of a gun barrel, which is arranged in a closure housing 2, which connects at the rear of the cartridge chamber of a gun barrel, not shown. In this case, the soul tube axis of the corresponding weapon is identified by the reference numeral 100.

The closure system 1 essentially comprises a closure part 3 which is axially displaceable in the closure housing 2 and which also contains the elements which are not shown for reasons of clarity and which are required for firing and removing the cartridge after firing.

The closure part 3 is formed as a hollow cylinder and has a in the weft direction (indicated by the arrow 110) arranged front wall 4 and an axially opposite rear wall 5.

In the cylinder space 6 of the closure part 3, a brake cylinder 8 filled with a brake fluid 7 (usually oil) is arranged which extends axially from the front wall (impact floor) 4 into the vicinity of the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3.

An axially displaceable in the brake cylinder 8 piston 9 is connected to a piston rod 10, which is passed through the rear wall 5 of the closure part 3 and connected at its end facing away from the piston 9 with the closure housing 2.

The cylinder chamber 6 of the closure part 3 is also divided by a displaceable on the outside of the brake cylinder 8 compensating piston 11 in two partial cylinder chambers 12, 13, wherein seen in the weft direction, rear side arranged first partial cylinder space (reservoir tank) 12 also filled with the brake fluid 7 and a gap-shaped opening 14 is connected to the cylinder space 15 located in front of the piston 9 of the brake cylinder 8.

In the second part of the cylinder chamber 13, a closing spring 16 is arranged, which holds the balance piston 11 in a starting position.

• In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausgangsposition des Verschlusssystems 1 befindet sich das Verschlussteil 3 in seiner vorderen Position und stützt sich an der im Verschlussgehäuse 2 befestigten Kolbenstange 10 nach hinten ab. Die Bremsflüssigkeit 7 in dem ersten Teilzylinderraum 12 sowie in dem Zylinderraum 15 des Bremszylinders 8 wird durch die Schließfeder 16 über den Ausgleichskolben 11 vorgespannt.

Below is with the help of FIGS. 1 to 3 closer to the operation of the closure system 1 according to the invention:

• In the in Fig. 1 shown starting position of the closure system 1 is the Closure part 3 in its front position and is supported on the attached in the closure housing 2 piston rod 10 backwards. The brake fluid 7 in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 and in the cylinder chamber 15 of the brake cylinder 8 is biased by the closing spring 16 via the balance piston 11.

When firing a (not shown) cartridge, the propellant charge gases act on the front wall 4 (shock bottom) of the closure part 3. This leads to an acceleration of the closure member 3 against the weft direction and thus to a movement of the closure member 3 in the return direction ( Fig. 2 ). As a result, the piston 9 passes further into the cylinder chamber 15 of the brake cylinder 8, and the brake fluid 7 is forced through the gap-shaped opening 14 into the first partial cylinder space 12.

The resulting losses due to frictional flow within the brake fluid and the slow deceleration of the closure member 3 cause a damped transmission of forces on the closure housing 2. In this case, a part of the braking energy is converted into heat. The displaced volume of the piston rod 10 is compensated by a movement of the balance piston 11 in the closure part 3. In this case, the compensating piston 11 is pressed by the brake fluid 7 against the spring element 16. The displaced by the piston rod 10 volume in the first part of the cylinder chamber 12 causes a displacement of the balance piston 11, such that the closing spring 16 is further tensioned.

After the return of the closure part 3 is completed ( Fig. 3 ), the closure part 3 is displaced by the force acting on the balance piston 11 force of the closing spring 16 in the weft direction until it has returned to its original position ( Fig. 1 ).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

locking system

2

shutter housing

3

closing part

4

front wall

5

rear wall

6

cylinder space

7

brake fluid

8th

Brake cylinder, hydraulic brake

9

piston

10

piston rod

11

balance piston

12

(first) partial cylinder space

13

(second) partial cylinder space

14

slit-shaped opening

15

Cylinder space (brake cylinder)

16

Closing element, closing spring

100

Core tube axis

110

Arrow (weft direction)

Claims (3)

1. Barrelled weapon with a mass-lockable breech system (1) which comprises a breech housing (2) with a breech part (3) displaceably mounted therein and an elastic closing element (16), having the following features:

   a) the breech part (3) is designed as a hollow cylinder with a front wall (4) arranged in the firing direction and with an axially opposite rear wall (5);

   b) a brake cylinder (8) filled with a brake fluid (7) is arranged in the cylinder chamber (6) of the breech part (3) and extends from the front wall (4) axially into the vicinity of the rear wall (5) of the breech part (3);

   c) a piston (9) which is axially displaceable in the brake cylinder (8) is connected to a piston rod (10) which is guided through the rear wall (5) of the breech part and is connected to the breech housing (2) at its end facing away from the piston (9);

   d) the cylinder chamber (6) of the breech part (3) is subdivided into two part-cylinder chambers (12, 13) by a compensation piston (11) which is axially displaceable on the brake cylinder (8), wherein, as viewed in the firing direction of the corresponding weapon, the first part-cylinder chamber (12) arranged on the rear side is likewise filled with brake fluid (7) and is connected via a gap-like opening (14) to the cylinder chamber (15) situated ahead of the piston (9) of the brake cylinder (8);

   e) the elastic closing element (16) is arranged in the second part-cylinder chamber (13) and holds the compensation piston (11) in a starting position in such a way that, with the breech part (3) travelling backwards, and as a result of the piston (9) moving into the first part-cylinder chamber (12), the compensation piston (11) is displaced towards the closing element (16) and the closing element (16) is stressed.
2. Barrelled weapon according to Claim 1, characterized in that the closing element (16) is a compression spring which is supported by its one end on the compensation piston (11) and by its other end on the front wall (4) of the breech part (3).
3. Barrelled weapon according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the brake fluid (7) is oil.

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