EP4009345A1 - Agencement de circuits et procédé de fonctionnement optimisé en énergie des systèmes d'entraînement électromagnétique - Google Patents

Agencement de circuits et procédé de fonctionnement optimisé en énergie des systèmes d'entraînement électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4009345A1
EP4009345A1 EP21210988.8A EP21210988A EP4009345A1 EP 4009345 A1 EP4009345 A1 EP 4009345A1 EP 21210988 A EP21210988 A EP 21210988A EP 4009345 A1 EP4009345 A1 EP 4009345A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
drive system
control
electromagnetic drive
voltage
Prior art date
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Pending
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EP21210988.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Olaf Laske
Burkhard Thron
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Ptc Rail Services GmbH
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Ptc Rail Services GmbH
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Publication of EP4009345A1 publication Critical patent/EP4009345A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H2047/025—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay with taking into account of the thermal influences, e.g. change in resistivity of the coil or being adapted to high temperatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for shifting a mechanical system according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for shifting a mechanical system with a circuit arrangement.
  • Such a circuit arrangement includes a control voltage source for generating a control voltage, a control stage for controlling the electromagnetic drive system for switching the mechanical system during a switching process, and a control circuit for controlling the control circuit.
  • Electromagnetic drive systems are used in electrical engineering to apply force to moving mechanical components. Electromagnetic drive systems are, for example, pulling, lifting or pushing magnets, but also other components that work on an electromagnetic basis. Electromagnetic drive systems are used, for example, in electromechanical devices such as contactors, circuit breakers, relays and solenoid valves.
  • An electromagnetic drive system usually has a magnetic system in the form of a coil which is excited by a control voltage source.
  • a magnetic field induced by exciting the coil acts on a mechanical system, e.g. an armature or a lever system, and accelerates it.
  • the mechanical effect of the drive system is achieved by accelerating the mechanical system.
  • the mechanical effect can consist, for example, in the closing of a switch or the closing of a valve.
  • ballasts are usually used that control the energy supply of the drive system in such a way that when the drive system is actuated, the path-time characteristic of the force curve corresponds to the requirements of the mechanical system.
  • a ballast clocks the drive system directly via one or more electronic switches.
  • the disadvantage here is that the control voltage can only be reduced in this way.
  • the direct clocking by the ballast generates an interference voltage spectrum that can have a negative impact on other electronic components.
  • the clocked mode of operation leads to the application of steep voltage pulses.
  • the windings of electromagnetic drive systems are regularly only designed for direct current operation or low-frequency alternating current operation, so that clocked operation can cause damage to the drive system.
  • WO 2017/093552 discloses, for example, a circuit arrangement for actuating an electromagnetic drive system and a method for operating the same, the drive system being fed with DC voltage with a temporal feed progression.
  • the circuit arrangement has a clocked transformer-type converter stage and a control circuit, the control circuit providing the feed characteristics required for the specific operation of the electromagnetic drive system over the entire input voltage and temperature range without pulsed loading of the drive system.
  • control current that is fed in is based on a timing control.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a circuit arrangement and a method for operating electromagnetic drive systems that enable safe, mechanically gentle and energy-optimized operation of the electromagnetic drive system in the entire input voltage and temperature range without causing significant interference emissions.
  • the reliable triggering of such drive systems should be ensured that have a force curve that increases sharply over time and are intended for use at low temperatures.
  • control circuit is designed to detect a first characteristic value indicating a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a and a second characteristic value indicative of the control voltage U B and to use at least one control parameter for controlling the electromagnetic drive system based on the first characteristic value and the to set the second parameter.
  • the control is thus specifically dependent on the first and second characteristic value.
  • the control parameter is determined as a function of the first characteristic value, which indicates a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a , and the second characteristic value, which indicates the control voltage U B .
  • the deactivation parameter is selected as a function of the first and second characteristic value in such a way that reliable triggering, in particular reliable tightening, of the electromagnetic drive system is ensured.
  • Energy-optimized operation of the electromagnetic drive system is made possible by individually selecting the control parameters that are adapted to the prevailing temperature and control voltage.
  • the energy requirement can be reduced and the possible switch-on frequency increased.
  • Unnecessary thermal loads on the drive system are avoided by the adapted duty cycle, which increases the service life of the drive system and its components.
  • the electromagnetic drive system is, for example, an electromagnet with an armature as a mechanical system.
  • the electromagnetic drive system is in particular a traction magnet.
  • the electromagnetic drive system, in particular the traction magnet is arranged in a circuit breaker, for example a circuit breaker of a battery management system, in particular of a rail vehicle.
  • the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system is, for example, the temperature of the magnetic system of the electromagnetic drive system, in particular the temperature present in the windings of a coil of the magnetic system.
  • the ambient temperature ⁇ a is, for example, the temperature in an area surrounding the electromagnetic drive system, in particular the magnetic system of the drive system.
  • control voltage U B is the operating voltage provided by a battery, in particular a battery of a rail vehicle.
  • control circuit has a voltage detection circuit for detecting the second characteristic value indicative of the control voltage U B .
  • the voltage detection circuit preferably has an input filter.
  • control stage is designed to energize the drive system by applying the control voltage U B to switch the mechanical system.
  • control voltage U B is applied to the magnetic system of the electromagnetic drive system.
  • the control stage is connected, for example, to the control voltage source for generating the control voltage U B , in particular to the battery of a rail vehicle.
  • control circuit is designed to set a switch-on time ⁇ t n as a control parameter for controlling the electromagnetic drive system.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is the time period during which the electromagnetic drive system, in particular the magnetic system of the drive system, is acted upon by a voltage, in particular the control voltage U B .
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is selected as a function of the first and second characteristic value, thus in particular as a function of the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or the ambient temperature ⁇ a and the control voltage U B .
  • the circuit arrangement allows, according to one embodiment, an adjustment of the Duty cycle ⁇ t n to the energy requirement of the drive system at a given, recorded temperature ⁇ c or ⁇ a and control voltage U B .
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n determined in this way is always shorter or equal to the maximum amount of time that must be used for a timer.
  • the switch-on time ⁇ t n is, for example, the minimum length of time that is necessary to ensure reliable triggering, in particular reliable tightening, of the drive system.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n includes a safety interval ts.
  • the control circuit has a logic circuit, the logic circuit setting the control parameter using a family of characteristics as a function of the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value.
  • the control parameter is selected as a function of the first and second characteristic value in such a way that reliable triggering, in particular reliable tightening, of the electromagnetic drive system is ensured.
  • the family of characteristics has, in particular, a characteristic that characterizes the point in time at which the drive system is triggered, in particular when it is started reliably.
  • the family of characteristics describes, for example, the time course of the voltage U ZM on the electromagnetic drive system as a function of the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system or the ambient temperature ⁇ a on the one hand and the control voltage U B on the other.
  • the time profile of the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system as a function of the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system or the ambient temperature ⁇ a on the one hand and the control voltage U B on the other hand can also be used as a family of characteristics.
  • a voltage U ZM and a current I ZM are produced in the electrical drive system.
  • the time profile of the voltage U ZM am or of the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system depends on the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system or the ambient temperature ⁇ a and the applied control voltage U B .
  • the voltage U ZM am or the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system as a function of time, temperature ⁇ c or ⁇ a and control voltage U B defines a three-dimensional family of characteristics. For a specific, recorded temperature ⁇ c or ⁇ a and a specific, recorded control voltage U B , the voltage U ZM am or the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system is a function of time.
  • the electromagnetic drive system is triggered when the attraction force of the electromagnetic drive system is reached.
  • the value of the voltage U ZM at the drive system corresponding to the attraction force or the value of the current I ZM corresponding to the attraction force is the attraction value.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is the time value assigned to the pull-in value on a characteristic curve defined by the detected temperature and the detected control voltage.
  • the logic circuit outputs a voltage equivalent of the on-time ⁇ t n .
  • the control circuit has a setpoint processing stage for generating an adjusted voltage U tSoll for forwarding to the drive stage, with the setpoint processing stage being fed the voltage equivalent generated in the logic circuit.
  • a temperature detection circuit is connected to the logic circuit and has a temperature sensor for measuring the first characteristic value indicating a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the temperature sensor makes it possible to determine the first characteristic value characterizing the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the temperature sensor is connected to the electromagnetic drive system and has, for example, a thermistor, in particular an NTC resistor (negative temperature coefficient thermistor, NTC).
  • NTC resistor negative temperature coefficient thermistor
  • a temperature detection circuit is arranged in the logic circuit, the temperature detection circuit having a circuit for calculating the first characteristic value indicating a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a using an electrical resistance of the electromagnetic drive system.
  • a temperature sensor can thus be dispensed with. This minimizes any interference signals or other sources of error associated with the temperature sensor, as well as time delays.
  • the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a indicating the first characteristic value is determined directly by the logic circuit.
  • the calculation is carried out taking into account the specific resistance of the material of the magnetic system of the drive system, in particular the material of the windings of the magnetic system.
  • the first parameter is calculated taking into account the specific resistance of copper.
  • the temperature detection circuit has a Riemann integrator for integrating the voltage U ZM on the electromagnetic drive system and the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system.
  • the Riemann integrator has an analog switch in duplicate, to which the current present in the electromagnetic drive system and the voltage present in the electromagnetic drive system are supplied.
  • the analog switch is connected to a monostable multivibrator.
  • the monostable multivibrator specifies the integration interval.
  • the Riemann integrator has, for example, an operational amplifier operated as a divisor and a downstream multiplier stage for forming the quotient of voltage and current.
  • the setpoint processing stage has a sample-and-hold circuit.
  • the setpoint processing also has a negator, for example.
  • the negator connects the monostable multivibrator of the Riemann integrator to the control input of the sample and hold circuit.
  • a voltage divider is connected downstream of the sample-and-hold circuit. The voltage divider feeds a voltage equivalent to the duty cycle of the control stage.
  • the drive stage has a pulse width modulation circuit (PWM circuit) with a monostable multivibrator, with a control input of the monostable multivibrator connected to the control circuit and an output of the monostable multivibrator is connected to the pulse width modulation circuit.
  • PWM circuit pulse width modulation circuit
  • the monostable multivibrator thus represents a switch-on time limitation.
  • the pulse duration of the PWM circuit is determined by the monostable multivibrator by the voltage output by the control circuit and corresponds to the switch-on period ⁇ t n .
  • the circuit arrangement has a power stage and the drive stage has a driver circuit for driving the power stage.
  • control circuit and the pulse width modulation circuit are designed as a microcontroller circuit. This enables a compact implementation and a quick and compact installation of the circuit arrangement with little wiring effort.
  • circuit parts of the voltage detection circuit, Riemann integrator, sample-and-hold circuit and PWM circuit with a monostable multivibrator are designed as a microcontroller circuit.
  • control circuit the pulse width modulation circuit and the driver circuit for controlling the power stage are arranged in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or in a hybrid circuit.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the circuit parts voltage detection circuit, Riemann integrator, sample-and-hold circuit, PWM circuit with monostable multivibrator and the driver circuit of the power stage are combined in an ASIC or in a hybrid circuit.
  • the power stage has an output rectifier, in particular with smoothing.
  • the electromagnetic drive system is supplied with DC voltage.
  • the power stage has a power transistor and a transformer.
  • the subject matter of the invention is also a method for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for switching a mechanical system with a circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 14.
  • the control circuit In such a method for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for shifting a mechanical system with a circuit arrangement of the type described above, the control circuit generates a first characteristic value indicating a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a and a control voltage U B indicative second characteristic value detected and set by the control circuit at least one control parameter for controlling the electromagnetic drive system based on the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value.
  • the method according to the invention implements the advantages of the circuit arrangement at the method level.
  • a method is made available with which an electromagnetic drive system is operated in an energy-optimized manner.
  • the drive system is energized by the control stage by applying the control voltage U B for switching the mechanical system.
  • control circuit sets a duty cycle ⁇ t n as a control parameter for controlling the electromagnetic drive system.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is selected in particular such that the drive system is triggered, in particular the pull-in value, within the duty cycle ⁇ t n .
  • the tightening value depends on the temperature of the drive system ⁇ c or the ambient temperature ⁇ a and the control voltage U B .
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is preferably chosen to be minimal. This enables energy-optimized operation.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n preferably has a safety interval ts. The safety interval ts ensures reliable triggering of the drive system within the measurement and switching tolerances.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is calculated taking into account an end position criterion using the three-dimensional family of characteristics of the voltage U ZM am or the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system as a function of the control voltage U B , the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system or the ambient temperature ⁇ a and the time determined.
  • the tightening value is preferably determined by an end position criterion for the time profile of the voltage U ZM am or the current I ZM in the drive system at a specific, recorded temperature ⁇ c of the drive system or a specific, recorded ambient temperature ⁇ a of the drive system and a specific, recorded control voltage U B defined.
  • the tightening value is preferably defined by a voltage peak of the time profile of the voltage U ZM on the drive system.
  • the pull-in value can also be defined by a current drop in the course of the current I ZM over time in the drive system.
  • FIG. 1 shows the family of characteristics of the voltage U ZM at the electromagnetic drive system 41 with fixed control voltage U B as a function of time t.
  • This three-dimensional family of characteristics is illustrated as a two-dimensional family of characteristics for a fixed control voltage U B in 1 and as a two-dimensional family of characteristics for a fixed ambient temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system in 2 shown.
  • the electromagnetic drive system 41 has a magnet system, in particular a coil with a core, and a mechanical system 6, in particular an armature.
  • the electromagnetic drive system 41 is a traction magnet 41.
  • the traction magnet 41 is supplied with a control voltage U B . In this case, to is the time at which the control voltage U B is switched on.
  • the application of the control voltage U B leads to an increase in the voltage U ZM at the pulling magnet 41.
  • the magnetic force on the armature increases. At the end stop of the armature of the pull magnet 41, a voltage peak Z occurs.
  • the course of the voltage U ZM at the pulling magnet 41 is shown for three different ambient temperature values: the maximum ambient temperature damax, the nominal temperature ⁇ anom and the minimum ambient temperature ⁇ amin .
  • attack time T Anschl is a function of ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the lower the ambient temperature ⁇ a the longer the attack time T Anschl : more time is required to supply the pulling magnet 41 with the energy required for triggering.
  • the reasons for this are the changed magnetic properties of the pulling magnet 41 and the increased sliding friction of the armature of the pulling magnet 41 at a lower temperature ⁇ a .
  • t 1 denotes the end of the impact process at maximum ambient temperature damax
  • t 2 the end of the impact process at nominal temperature ⁇ anom
  • t 3 the end of the impact process at minimum ambient temperature ⁇ amin .
  • the time interval from switch-on moment to to the end of the striking process t 1 is smaller than the time interval from switch-on moment to to the end of the striking process t 2 , which in turn is smaller than the time interval from switch-on moment to to the end of the striking process t 3 .
  • the lower the ambient temperature ⁇ a the greater the time t n until the end of the impact process.
  • the end of the impact process and the accompanying drop in the edge of the voltage peak Z represent an end position criterion for reaching the end position of the pulling magnet 41.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n is determined by the end position criterion.
  • a safety interval ts is preferably added at the time t n of the end of the striking process.
  • the switch-on time ⁇ t is the length of time that the tension magnet 41 must be supplied with the control voltage U B at the ambient temperature ⁇ a in order to ensure that the end position is reached.
  • the control voltage U B would have to be applied for at least the period t 3 +t s in order to ensure that the end position was reached over the entire temperature range between the minimum and maximum ambient temperature ⁇ amin to ⁇ amax .
  • the exposure time is reduced by determining the duty cycle ⁇ t n as a function of both the control voltage U B and the ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the end position is marked by a voltage peak Z.
  • the duty cycle ⁇ t n results from the time t n at which the flank of the voltage peak Z has fallen, plus a safety interval ts.
  • the longest period of time would have to be selected as the duration of the loading of the pulling magnet 41, ie the duration t 3 +t s that is necessary for the loading of the minimum control voltage U Bmin to reach the end position.
  • Determining the duty cycle ⁇ t n as a function of the ambient temperature ⁇ a and the control voltage U B allows the duration of the loading of the drive system 41 to be reduced. This enables energy-optimized operation of the drive system 41, in particular for control voltage sources with a wide voltage range, such as for battery circuit breakers of rail vehicles, where safe operation must be guaranteed in a wide voltage range from 65V to 150V, with the nominal control voltage of the battery being 110V.
  • the electromagnetic drive system 41 is a pull magnet of a battery circuit breaker, preferably a battery management system in a rail vehicle, for example a battery circuit breaker of the type BMR-437-01-V-S0-07-110-200A.
  • the electromagnetic drive system 41 has a thermally dependent pull-in behavior. Suit behavior is in 1 and 2 presented qualitatively. The tightening behavior depends on the ambient temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system 41, the control voltage U B and the duration of the application. Instead of the ambient temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system 41, the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system 41 can also be used as a reference value.
  • a simple electromagnetic drive system 41 without a ballast cannot guarantee reliable tightening in such a wide control voltage range U B .
  • Safe tightening at low temperatures ⁇ a is also not guaranteed without a ballast.
  • the magnet system of the electromagnetic drive system 41 changes, so that longer loading times are necessary to ensure reliable tightening.
  • the magnetic properties and the sliding properties of the armature change. To the At lower temperatures ⁇ a more energy must be supplied to the magnetic system in order to trigger the attraction.
  • a circuit arrangement is provided to ensure reliable tightening even at low temperatures ⁇ a and with a wide control voltage range U B .
  • This circuit arrangement ensures that both at low temperatures ⁇ a , 1 , as well as with low control voltage U B , 2 , the tightening is guaranteed, ie sufficient time is available to supply the necessary energy.
  • the circuit arrangement therefore has a control circuit 1, which sets the control stage 2 at least one control parameter for controlling the electromagnetic drive system 41 using the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value.
  • the first parameter indicates a temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system 41 and/or an ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the second characteristic shows the control voltage U B .
  • the at least one control parameter includes the duty cycle ⁇ t n .
  • the power supply 5 is characterized by a rapid build-up of the control power supply voltage Us.
  • the circuit arrangement has a temperature detection circuit for detecting the first characteristic value indicating the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system 41 and/or the ambient temperature ⁇ a .
  • the temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor 42, preferably a thermistor or NTC resistor.
  • the temperature sensor 42 is thermally coupled to the electromagnetic drive system 41, in particular the coil of the pulling magnet 41.
  • control circuit 1 has a voltage detection circuit 11 for detecting the second characteristic value indicative of the control voltage U B .
  • the voltage detection circuit 11 detects, for example, the incoming control voltage U B via an input filter.
  • the circuit arrangement also has a logic circuit 12 for combining the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value, the logic circuit 12 setting the control parameter, in particular the duty cycle ⁇ t n , using a family of characteristics as a function of the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value.
  • the logic circuit 12 has a first and a second input, the first input being connected to an output of the voltage detection circuit 11 and the second input being connected to an output of the temperature detection circuit, in particular the temperature sensor 42 .
  • the logic circuit 12 determines the duty cycle ⁇ t n taking into account the family of characteristics of the time profile of the voltage U ZM on the electromagnetic drive system 41 as a function of the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system or the ambient temperature ⁇ a on the one hand and the control voltage U B on the other hand.
  • the logic circuit 12 has an output for outputting a voltage equivalent of the duty cycle ⁇ t n determined in this way.
  • the control circuit 1 also has a reference processing 13 for generating an adjusted voltage U tsoll .
  • An input of setpoint processing 13 is connected to logic circuit 12 .
  • the setpoint preparation 13 generates the adjusted voltage U tsoll from the voltage equivalent of the duty cycle ⁇ t n received from the logic circuit 12 .
  • the control circuit 1 is connected to the control stage 2 and provides it with the control parameter, i.e. in particular the duty cycle determined taking into account the temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system 41 and/or the ambient temperature ⁇ c and the second characteristic value indicating the control voltage U B ⁇ t n , ready.
  • the control parameter i.e. in particular the duty cycle determined taking into account the temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system 41 and/or the ambient temperature ⁇ c and the second characteristic value indicating the control voltage U B ⁇ t n , ready.
  • the control circuit 1 supplies the control stage 2 with the adjusted voltage U tsoll generated in the setpoint preparation 13 .
  • a control stage 2 is shown with a PWM circuit 21 and a driver circuit 22 for a downstream power stage 3.
  • the PWM circuit 21 has a monostable multivibrator 211, by means of which the adjusted voltage U tsoll generated in the setpoint conditioning 13 is converted into a switch-on interval tsoii of the PWM - Circuit 21 is converted.
  • the pulses of the PWM circuit are fed to the power stage 3 via the driver circuit 22, so that the electromagnetic drive system 41 is acted upon.
  • the power stage 3 has an output rectifier 33 with smoothing, so that direct voltage is applied to the electromagnetic drive system 41 .
  • the power stage 3 has a power transistor 31 and a transformer 32 .
  • the circuit arrangement is also equipped with a current control.
  • the main current in the power circuit 3 is detected via the shunt resistor R sh and fed to the voltage detection circuit 11 .
  • a circuit arrangement for operating an electromagnetic drive system 41, in particular a pulling magnet 41 of a battery circuit breaker, is thus made available, which enables energy-optimized operation.
  • In 4 is a basic circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement for operating an electromagnetic drive system 41, in particular a pull magnet 41 of a battery circuit breaker, according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • a temperature detection circuit is arranged in the logic circuit 12, in particular the logic and temperature detection take place in one circuit.
  • the temperature detection circuit determines the temperature ⁇ c of the electromagnetic drive system 41 and/or the Ambient temperature ⁇ a of the electromagnetic drive system 41 indicative first characteristic value by means of an analog calculation method and combines this with the detected by means of the voltage detection circuit 11, the control voltage U B indicative second characteristic value.
  • the voltage U ZM on the electromagnetic drive system 4 and the current I ZM in the electromagnetic drive system 41 are detected via the detection circuit 11 .
  • the detection circuit 11 has an input filter for U B and the voltage U Rsh dropping across the shunt resistor R sh .
  • the input filter is preferably set to 500Hz.
  • the detection circuit 11 has a unit 111 for potential isolation, in particular an optocoupler, for example of the CNY17-4 type, to which the voltage UzM is supplied.
  • UzM and I ZM or URSH are filtered, for example, with an LMC 6482 filter.
  • the logic circuit 12 has a Riemann integrator.
  • the voltage U ZM at the pulling magnet 41 and the current I ZM in the pulling magnet 41 are measured for an integration interval t R and an equivalent voltage is formed by forming the quotient of U ZM and I ZM or U RSh .
  • the integration interval t R is defined by an analog switch 121 in duplicate, which is controlled by a monostable multivibrator 122 .
  • the analog switch 121 is of the MAX 320 MJA type and the monostable is of the NE 555 FE type.
  • the operational amplifier 123 is, for example, of the AD 711 type.
  • the multiplier stage 124 the product of the voltage signal U ZM and the inverse current 1/I ZM , ie the quotient of the voltage U ZM and the current I ZM , is formed.
  • the quotient is sent to setpoint processing 13 .
  • the setpoint processing 13 has a sample-and-hold circuit 132 .
  • the sample and hold circuit 132 is switched via the monostable multivibrator 122 as a timer.
  • the output signal of the monostable multivibrator 122 is fed to an inverter 131, which is connected to the control input of the sample-and-hold circuit 132.
  • the output of sample and hold circuit 132 is coupled to In2 by a voltage divider having resistors R 3 , R 4 .
  • both the voltage U ZM and the current I ZM at the pulling magnet 41 increase exponentially, see FIG figure 5 . Due to the exponential character of the voltage or current characteristic U ZM , I ZM in the small-signal range, the Riemann integral can be linked to the logarithm of 2, In2 ⁇ 0.693.
  • the output voltage of the sample-and-hold circuit 132 is between 0 and 10 VDC, so that the adjusted voltage U tsoll that is output is derived in a quasi-normalized manner through the voltage divider ratio R 3 /R 4 .
  • the adjusted voltage U tsoll generated in this way reaches the input 211 for the time control of the PWM circuit 21.
  • the adjusted voltage U tsoll determines the duty cycle ⁇ t n according to the in 1 or. 2 illustrated characteristic curves.
  • the pulses of the PWM circuit 21 are fed to the power stage 3 via the driver circuit 22, so that the pull magnet 41 is acted upon.
  • the control circuit 1 and the drive stage 2 are fed by the power supply 5 with 15VDC.
  • the power supply 5 is characterized by a rapid build-up of the supply voltage Us at the moment to.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
EP21210988.8A 2020-12-01 2021-11-29 Agencement de circuits et procédé de fonctionnement optimisé en énergie des systèmes d'entraînement électromagnétique Pending EP4009345A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020131819.7A DE102020131819A1 (de) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum energieoptimierten Betrieb elektromagnetischer Triebsysteme

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EP4009345A1 true EP4009345A1 (fr) 2022-06-08

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EP21210988.8A Pending EP4009345A1 (fr) 2020-12-01 2021-11-29 Agencement de circuits et procédé de fonctionnement optimisé en énergie des systèmes d'entraînement électromagnétique

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EP (1) EP4009345A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020131819A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0392058A1 (fr) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit de commande d'au moins un relais électromagnétique
US20010043450A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 2001-11-22 Venture Scientifics, Llc System and method for servo control of nonlinear electromagnetic actuators
WO2017093552A1 (fr) 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 Pcs Power Converter Solutions Gmbh Circuit permettant de faire fonctionner des systèmes d'attaque
EP3316274A1 (fr) * 2016-10-28 2018-05-02 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Circuit d'attaque pour le fonctionnement d'un relais
DE102018109594A1 (de) 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Batteriemanagementsystem, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0392058A1 (fr) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit de commande d'au moins un relais électromagnétique
US20010043450A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 2001-11-22 Venture Scientifics, Llc System and method for servo control of nonlinear electromagnetic actuators
WO2017093552A1 (fr) 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 Pcs Power Converter Solutions Gmbh Circuit permettant de faire fonctionner des systèmes d'attaque
EP3316274A1 (fr) * 2016-10-28 2018-05-02 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Circuit d'attaque pour le fonctionnement d'un relais
DE102018109594A1 (de) 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Batteriemanagementsystem, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug

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