EP4002871A1 - Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc - Google Patents

Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4002871A1
EP4002871A1 EP20207549.5A EP20207549A EP4002871A1 EP 4002871 A1 EP4002871 A1 EP 4002871A1 EP 20207549 A EP20207549 A EP 20207549A EP 4002871 A1 EP4002871 A1 EP 4002871A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
headphones
anc
signal processor
complementary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20207549.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Perkmann
Daniel Wöhrer
Ludwig KOLLENZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Austrian Audio GmbH
Original Assignee
Austrian Audio GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Austrian Audio GmbH filed Critical Austrian Audio GmbH
Priority to EP20207549.5A priority Critical patent/EP4002871A1/fr
Priority to EP21207962.8A priority patent/EP4002875A1/fr
Priority to US17/454,782 priority patent/US11587543B2/en
Publication of EP4002871A1 publication Critical patent/EP4002871A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
    • G10K11/17815—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the reference signals and the error signals, i.e. primary path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
    • G10K11/17817—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the output signals and the error signals, i.e. secondary path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3055—Transfer function of the acoustic system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/504—Calibration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2410/00—Microphones
    • H04R2410/05—Noise reduction with a separate noise microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adjusting or calibrating ANC headphones, according to the preamble of claim 1 and WO 2010/049241 A1 .
  • the final setting of the level can also change the changes that occur over the life of a headphone, be it the quality of the shielding by the headphone shells or their cushions, be it electronic drift in the amplifiers or the loudspeaker or the microphone due to aging processes necessary moving membranes etc. are taken into account.
  • ANC headphones are tuned by measuring the impulse responses of prototypes and determining "mean" (optimized) filter characteristics, which are programmed accordingly on the signal processors (usually ANC ICs). These filter characteristics are used in all headphones in this series.
  • the real impulse response is measured piece by piece and the gain of the ANC microphone is adjusted as best as possible to the difference between the measurement results and the desired end result.
  • ANC headphones are also understood to mean earphones, so-called in-ear, earbud, on-ear and circumaural-ear headphones and also hearing aids of all kinds.
  • a desired transmission path is determined during the development of the headphones, the transmission paths of the produced ANC headphones are measured, (recursive) filters for the signal processor are determined from the measurements so that the headphones have the desired (ideal) transmission path, which The filter coefficients and/or amplification factors determined in this way are stored or activated on the signal processor.
  • the method according to the invention includes that in the course of the measurement of the finished product the filter characteristics are changed and adapted to the respective individual product, which is made possible by the structure of the signal processor because they have Bluetooth or other wireless connection options, or via a galvanic interface such as USB or similar are accessible. Since the measurement results are available in digital form and are processed digitally (without this being absolutely necessary), it is easy to adapt the digital filter coefficients of the signal processor as desired using these data transmission options.
  • the desired filter properties are not only tuned to reduce external noise as completely as possible, but also always take stability into account in order to avoid all types of clipping and rattling.
  • the transfer functions determined in this way are broken down into second-order polynomials, which makes it possible to use the biquadratic cascades that are frequently used in signal processors.
  • the method according to the invention uses IIR filters since these require significantly less computing power and memory than FIR filters with the same result. In addition, some ICs only allow IIR filters, so this method can be used universally.
  • This can be a feedforward, feedback or hybrid system.
  • a measuring system determines the impulse responses of the transmission paths (feedforward and feedback). This can be done using all the usual methods, such as excitation using chirps or noise, but is not limited to these.
  • the known characteristics of the microphones and the driver, which are already available, must be added (by means of convolution) to the determined impulse responses of the passive sections.
  • x(n) is the transmission path from the speaker of the ANC headphones to the extinction point of the feedforward ANC system (coupler microphone, artificial head microphone, real head with probe microphone, or similar) and m(n) is the transmission path correspond to the feedforward microphone.
  • the target function p(n) corresponds to the passive transmission path to the point of extinction. From the existing three paths x(n), m(n) and p(n), the desired complementary function f(n) be calculated by deconvolution and then approximated by the method according to the invention.
  • the feedback path is determined by achieving a target impulse response t(n) through deconvolution.
  • H n ⁇ i n t n
  • the measured real impulse response h(n) also known as the secondary path (corresponding to the transmission path between ANC headphones, loudspeaker and feedback microphone), folded with the calculated impulse response i(n) results in the target function t(n).
  • the impulse responses for feedforward and feedback are given.
  • the individual functions and the resulting already approximated complementary filter impulse response are in Fig.4 shown.
  • a given impulse response can be viewed as an FIR filter of the length of the impulse response, with the values of each sample acting as the filter coefficients.
  • a given integrated circuit does not necessarily have the ability to use an FIR filter for ANC due to hardware limitations (such filters require too many taps).
  • an IIR filter on the other hand, it is already possible because the feedback structure requires fewer taps. It is therefore advantageous to approximate the given impulse response using an IIR polynomial.
  • the Prony method in Fig.1 shown, used, which approximates the given impulse response by exponentially damped cosine oscillations.
  • the invention is not limited to the Prony method.
  • the determined transfer function has more coefficients than required: ANC filters are usually defined up to 2kHz, since good passive damping can be expected above this. Optionally, the order of the transfer function can be reduced.
  • Impulse responses are typically recorded at a lower sample rate than used in the ANC system. 44.1 or 48kHz are common, while an ANC system is more likely to be clocked at 192 or 384kHz.
  • the determined IIR filter must therefore be scaled from e.g. 48kHz to 384kHz, whereby the frequency response in absolute terms (in Hz) should remain the same (in a relevant range).
  • the scaling of an IIR filter is not obvious because the transfer function has to change.
  • the method proposed here uses poles and zeros of the transfer function H(z).
  • the DC component (0Hz) can be found at the (Cartesian) coordinate 1 + 0j, while half the sampling frequency can be found at -1 + 0j (Nyquist frequency).
  • the Nyquist frequency is 24kHz. In radians it is ⁇ , which is half the unit circle.
  • ⁇ is half the unit circle.
  • ⁇ equals 192kHz. That means there is more bandwidth (in Hz) in the same range in radians.
  • poles/zeros which are at the Nyquist frequency for the low sampling rate: Since this moves for the higher sampling rate (from ⁇ to ⁇ ⁇ ), these poles/zeros must also move and be mirrored along the abscissa by a real value get filters. This process can result in more zeros than poles, resulting in an ill-defined transfer function. Add poles close to the origin point so that their influence is small but the transfer function becomes well defined. It is known that a polynomial with more coefficients in the numerator than in the denominator is not well defined since it would be anti-causal.
  • the scaling can be done after the decomposition into biquadratic filters.
  • the decomposition can be done using partial fractions.
  • the feedback filter is programmed in the signal processor of a feedback ANC system with the coefficients of the calculated complementary function approximated according to the above description.
  • This programming is usually accomplished via the development environment of the respective signal processors (ANC ICs) or by importing firmware provided with the coefficients using the methods already explained.
  • the invention can be modified and changed in various ways, so the measuring device can have or consist of any other arrangement of microphones in addition to the possibilities mentioned of an artificial head, etc., as long as only the required data are recorded that are familiar to the person skilled in the art with knowledge of the invention.
  • Approximation methods other than the Prony method mentioned and presented can be used, in particular if other filters and signal processors than those mentioned in the description are present, analog methods can also be used, even if this is not customary at the moment, it is nevertheless easily transferrable for the person skilled in the art with knowledge of the invention.
  • Adjustments to headphones that have been in use for a long time are also possible without any problems.
  • Embodiments of the invention provide, for example, that in step b) the transmission links are measured digitally at the sampling rate of the measuring system, that the ANC headphones have a clock rate given by the digital signal processor, that the clock rate is higher than the sampling rate and that the /the approximated ANC filter(s) are scaled in the ratio of the sampling rate to the clock rate, whereby the frequency response of the approximated complementary filter(s) remains the same in absolute terms, in Hertz.
  • a further embodiment provides that in step e) the order of the approximated complementary filter/s is/are higher than the signal processor(s) can process and that the order of the approximated complementary filter/s is suitable for the performance of the signal processor(s) is reduced.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
EP20207549.5A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc Withdrawn EP4002871A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20207549.5A EP4002871A1 (fr) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc
EP21207962.8A EP4002875A1 (fr) 2020-11-13 2021-11-12 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc
US17/454,782 US11587543B2 (en) 2020-11-13 2021-11-12 Calibration of active noise-cancelling headphones

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20207549.5A EP4002871A1 (fr) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4002871A1 true EP4002871A1 (fr) 2022-05-25

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EP20207549.5A Withdrawn EP4002871A1 (fr) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc
EP21207962.8A Pending EP4002875A1 (fr) 2020-11-13 2021-11-12 Procédé d'adaptation des casques anc

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EP (2) EP4002871A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010049241A1 (fr) 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Austriamicrosystems Ag Agencement de commande active du bruit, casque écouteur à commande active du bruit et procédé de calibrage
US20110222696A1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-09-15 Nikhil Balachandran Configurable electronic device reprogrammable to modify the device frequency response
US20190080682A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2019-03-14 Paul Darlington Earphone Test System
CN111800694A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-20 深圳市豪恩声学股份有限公司 一种主动降噪耳机的滤波器设计方法、装置及测试设备

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10034092B1 (en) * 2016-09-22 2018-07-24 Apple Inc. Spatial headphone transparency

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010049241A1 (fr) 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Austriamicrosystems Ag Agencement de commande active du bruit, casque écouteur à commande active du bruit et procédé de calibrage
US9779714B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2017-10-03 Ams Ag Active noise control arrangement, active noise control headphone and calibration method
US20110222696A1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-09-15 Nikhil Balachandran Configurable electronic device reprogrammable to modify the device frequency response
US20190080682A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2019-03-14 Paul Darlington Earphone Test System
CN111800694A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-20 深圳市豪恩声学股份有限公司 一种主动降噪耳机的滤波器设计方法、装置及测试设备

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Publication number Publication date
EP4002875A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
US11587543B2 (en) 2023-02-21
US20220157289A1 (en) 2022-05-19

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