Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
  • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
  • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
  • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
  • B65F1/10—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with refuse filling means, e.g. air-locks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/84—Biological processes
  • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
  • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
  • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
  • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/102—Carbon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/05—Biogas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
  • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
  • B65F2001/1489—Refuse receptacles adapted or modified for gathering compostable domestic refuse
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
  • B65F2210/12—Crushing means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
  • B65F2210/144—Level detecting means
  • B65F2210/1443—Electrical
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
  • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
  • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
  • C05F17/914—Portable or transportable devices, e.g. transport containers or trucks
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
  • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for collecting, storing and transporting fermentable waste.
• Fermentable waste is residues of animal or plant origin made up of biodegradable organic matter. They can be broken down by microorganisms for which they are a source of food. There are several types of fermentable waste: food residues, from animal products: meat, milk, cheese, eggshells; food scraps of vegetable origin such as peelings of vegetables, fruits, used vegetable oils, coffee, tea; green bio-waste or garden residues such as grass clippings, dead leaves, manure, straw; residues consisting of paper and cardboard.
• Putrescible waste is remains of animal or vegetable origin that can degrade spontaneously and in a very short time, without the contribution of microorganisms. These are easily recoverable bio-waste. Not all fermentable waste is necessarily putrescible. On the other hand, all putrescible waste is fermentable waste. The difference between putrescible waste and fermentable waste is that not all fermentables have the ability to degrade spontaneously. Indeed, cardboard, paper and certain textiles of organic origin require a supply of specific microorganisms for their decomposition.
• Fermentable waste is likely to be treated by composting or methanization.
• Green waste, kitchen or vegetable scraps are examples of fermentable waste.
• Composting is an aerobic biological process of converting and upgrading organic matter into a stabilized, hygienic, potting-like product, rich in humic and mineral compounds, compost.
• Methanization is a natural biological process of degradation of anaerobic organic matter, that is to say in the absence of oxygen. It occurs naturally in certain sediments, marshes, rice fields, landfills, as well as in the digestive tract of certain animals: insects (termites) or vertebrates (ruminants ). Some of the organic matter is broken down into methane, and some is used by methanogenic microorganisms for their growth and reproduction. The decomposition is not complete and leaves the digestate. Methanization is a technique implemented in a digester, also called a biogas reactor or methanizer, in which the process is accelerated and maintained to produce a usable methane, called biogas, or even biomethane after purification. Thus, fermentable waste, and in particular organic waste (or products from energy crops, solid or liquid) can provide energy.
• the digester is in the form of an airtight pit, into which black water, sludge, and additional organic compounds are poured to facilitate digestion. Gas forms in the sludge and rises to the surface, mixing the sludge in this process. The digested sludge accumulated at the bottom, forms part of the digestate, and can be drained and used as fertilizer.
• Document LU92556 discloses a system for storing and transporting fermentable waste provided with a device for storing fermentable waste comprising a container for storing the waste, a pump for establishing and maintaining a reduced pressure in the container, a mechanical installation. a storage facility for storing the container and the pump, and a transporter for transporting the container and the pump to and from the storage facility.
• the use of a pump to establish and maintain a reduced pressure in the container has the advantage of reducing the quantity of oxygen within the container, and thus of slowing down the decomposition of the waste. The nuisances associated with said decomposition can thus be delayed and the frequency of waste collection can be reduced.
• Document LU92859 discloses a device for storing and / or transporting organic waste comprising a hermetic tank intended to receive the waste; a vacuum pump fluidly connected to the waste tank and configured to suck the gases present in said tank and create a vacuum in said tank; and a waste discharge chute, fluidically connected by a pipe to the waste tank.
• the device further comprises a unit for neutralizing odors emitted by the gases sucked in by the vacuum pump.
• the truck moves from place to place to collect the waste over a short period of time, typically one or more days, until it is full.
• this waste does not decompose in a few days, even in high heat.
• the truck can then go and empty its contents at an organic waste treatment center.
• the storage device described in the document also implements the vacuum pump to transfer waste from a line of the device to the interior of the tank. The problems associated with the use of a vacuum pump previously mentioned are still present.
• Document LU 100173 discloses a device for storing and / or transporting organic waste, comprising a hermetic tank intended to receive the waste; a waste discharge chute, connected by a pipe to the waste tank and means for evacuating the gases present in the tank.
• the device comprises a unit for neutralizing odors emitted by the gases, connected from a fluid point of view to the tank by the discharge means and comprising at least one column of aqueous solution, the unit for neutralizing odors being configured to receive the gases from the vessel at the bottom of said one or more columns.
• the discharge of the waste and its transfer from the supply conduit to the hermetic tank can be carried out by suction or by a worm screw.
• the main problem associated with the implementation of at least one washing column lies in the development of the dosage of the acidic and basic reagents to be placed in the columns. Indeed, the latter strongly depend on the nature of the waste that will be inserted into the tank, a nature by definition unknown before its use. To be effective, the speed of diffusion in the washing columns must be slow and constant (bubbling). However, this is not the case when a large influx of gas occurs, for example during the transfer of the contents of a garbage can from the mill to a nearly full tank or in the case of the use of a gas pump. powerful vacuum which will not allow the bubbling of the scents in the washing columns.
• One aim of the invention is in particular to remedy all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
• the present invention relates in particular to the treatment of putrescible fermentable waste. It can also be applied to the treatment of non-putrescible fermentable waste.
• a removable device for collecting, storing and transporting fermentable waste comprising, in a direction of flow of the fermentable waste:
• a storage tank preferably airtight, designed to store the ground materials, preferably under a controlled atmosphere, more preferably anaerobically,
• the hopper is arranged to lead the fermentable waste from the feed device to the crusher, the transfer device is arranged to transfer said crushed materials from the crusher to the storage tank, and the device further comprises a device for scent filtration (fluidly) connected to the storage tank.
• the transfer device can be at positive pressure depending on the direction of flow of the fermentable waste.
• the positive pressure transfer device can for example be a worm or a peristaltic pump.
• the device further comprises a pressure relief valve.
• the feed device may have manual opening, preferably with a drawer or a drum.
• the feed device may include a container lifter, preferably electrically or hydraulically actuated, arranged to empty a rolling bin.
• the feed device can be of the gravity type.
• the hopper can be provided with a non-stick coating such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polypropylene (PP).
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
• PP polypropylene
• Polypropylene has a very low coefficient of friction and good resistance to acids and bases.
• the transfer device may include a gooseneck cylinder, or pipe, which may be connected above the reservoir.
• the transfer device can be positive pressure depending on the direction of flow of the fermentable waste.
• the positive pressure transfer device can for example be a worm or a peristaltic pump.
• the storage tank can be made of polymer, soft metal or stainless steel.
• the storage tank may be covered, at least partially, with a protective and / or reinforcing layer, for example of the PTFE, stainless steel or epoxy sheet type.
• the storage tank may include wave-breaking discs arranged vertically.
• the storage tank can include level sensors.
• the storage tank may further include heating means arranged to heat the ground materials.
• the device according to the first aspect of the invention may further include control means configured to control the heating means.
• the corona filtration device can be arranged (fluidly connected) between the storage tank and the corona discharge device.
• the corona filtration device may be a solid filtration media, preferably a carbon filter or a biofilter.
• the corona filtration device may include washing columns.
• the device according to the invention may include an anti-odor trap arranged upstream of the hopper, according to the direction of flow of the fermentable materials.
• the odor trap can be formed by a hopper cover provided with a seal.
• the cover has at least two functions, one for operating safety of the crusher, the second for sealing the hopper. Closed, the lid allows the release of the crusher 106 in complete safety and retains the odors of the remains of waste that will not have been sent to the storage tank.
• the device according to the invention may include a second anti-odor trap arranged between the transfer device and the storage tank.
• the second odor trap can be formed by a knife gate valve.
• the second anti-odor trap ensures that the ground material cannot return to the grinder. This assembly is particularly advantageous when the transfer device has a gooseneck pipe.
• the device according to the invention may further include a pressure reducer arranged between the storage tank and the corona filtration device.
• the device according to the invention may further include a device for discharging corona generated by the ground materials and / or fermentable waste fluidly connected to the storage tank.
• the device according to the invention may further include a corona storage device fluidly disposed between the storage tank and the corona discharge device.
• the emptying device can be by gravity or suction, for example by means of a manhole or an agricultural valve.
• the transporter can be a truck.
• the type of transporter used may depend on the size and shape of the device, and the terrain over which the container is to be transported.
• Figure 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a fermentable waste treatment device according to the invention
• variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, subsequently isolated from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient. to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
• This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only part of the structural details if this part only is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art. .
• FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a device 100 for collecting, storing and transporting fermentable waste.
• the device 100 is removable and movable between a place for collecting waste and a place for unloading the collected waste.
• the device 100 comprises, in a direction of flow M of the fermentable waste:
• an emptying device 112 of the tank arranged to empty the storage tank 110.
• the device 100 is also equipped with a gripping hook C.
• the hopper is arranged to lead the fermentable waste from the feed device 102 to the crusher 106.
• the transfer device 108 is arranged to transfer the ground materials from the mill to the storage tank 110.
• the device 100 further comprises a corona filtration device 114 of the corona (E) which is fluidly connected to the storage tank 110. Gases can flow from the storage tank 110 to the outside of the device 100 through the device. scent filtration 114.
• the feed device 102 is of the gravity type.
• the feed device 102 may include manual opening, preferably drawer or drum.
• the feed device may alternatively, or in addition, comprise a container lifter, preferably electrically or hydraulically actuated, arranged to empty a rolling bin.
• the storage tank is made of polymer material, soft metal or stainless steel.
• the storage tank may be covered, at least partially, with a protective and / or reinforcing layer, for example of the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) type, stainless steel sheet or epoxy.
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
• the transfer device 108 may comprise a pipe or a swan neck cylinder 116 connected above the reservoir 110.
• the storage tank 110 comprises wave-breaking discs 118, arranged vertically. These discs, which have the double advantage of optimizing the complete filling of the tank 110, limit the risk of overturning during transport. It is thus possible to avoid water hammer.
• the storage tank 110 further includes level sensors 120. They can be placed on either side of the wave breakers 118 and improve the reading of the actual filling level of the tank.
• Curve N illustrates a possible spread of the ground materials in the storage tank 110.
• the hopper 104 may be provided with a non-stick coating, for example of the PTFE or PP (polypropylene) type.
• a non-stick coating for example of the PTFE or PP (polypropylene) type.
• polypropylene has a very low coefficient of friction and good resistance to acids and bases.
• the device 100 can also include two anti-odor hatches (not shown).
• the first odor trap is formed by a hopper cover 104 provided with a seal and is thus arranged upstream of the hopper, according to the direction of flow of the fermentable materials.
• the cover has at least two functions, one of safety, the other sealing of the hopper. Closed, it allows the triggering of the crusher 106 in complete safety and retains the odors of the remains of waste that will not have been sent to the storage tank 110.
• the second anti-odor trap is formed by a guillotine valve, arranged between the transfer device 108 and the storage tank 110.
• the guillotine valve makes it possible to ensure that the crushed materials cannot return to the grinder 106. This assembly is particularly interesting when the transfer device has a gooseneck pipe.
• the transfer device is at positive pressure depending on the direction of flow of the fermentable waste.
• the transfer device 108 can for example be a worm, also called an Archimedes screw, or a peristaltic pump.
• the emptying device works by gravity or suction, for example by means of an agricultural valve or a manhole 112.
• the storage tank 110 may further include heating means 122 arranged to heat the ground materials.
• Control devices such as computers, can be provided to control the heating means 122.
• the corona filtration device 114 is arranged (fluidly connected) between the storage tank 110 and a corona discharge device 124, generated by the ground materials and / or fermentable waste, device 100.
• the corona filtration device 114 is a solid filtration media, preferably a carbon filter or a biofilter.
• the corona filtration device comprises a pressure relief valve 128, arranged between the storage tank 110 and the corona filtration device 114, preferably calibrated at 0.1 bar.
• the storage tank 110 further comprises a safety valve 130 calibrated at 0.3 bar at the interface between the storage tank 110 and the exterior of the device 100.
• the pressure relief valve 128 and the safety valve 130 are arranged as far as possible from the agricultural valve or the manhole.
• the agricultural valve or the manhole can be arranged on one side, called the front side, of the device 100, while the valve 128 and the valve 130 are arranged on the other side, called the rear side, of the device. device 100.
• the device 100 may include a pressure reducer 126, arranged between the storage tank 110 and the corona filtration device 114.
• the pressure relief valve 128 can be placed between the storage tank 110 and the corona filtration device 114.
• the regulator 126 is carefully chosen and has a volume greater than or equal to the maximum quantity of waste ingestible by the machine in one cycle, for example 240 L. Thus, it is ensured that the corona filtration device 114 operates at zero pressure. The corona filtration device 114 thus has the best filtration rate.
• the device 100 may further include a corona storage device, fluidly disposed between the corona filtration device 114 and the corona discharge device 124.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
• Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 2019
  • 2019-07-08 FR FR1907626A patent/FR3098507B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-07-03 EP EP20750307.9A patent/EP3997013A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-07-03 WO PCT/FR2020/051183 patent/WO2021005292A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-07-03 US US17/597,497 patent/US20230347393A1/en active Pending

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