EP3996487A1

EP3996487A1 - Soil cultivation arrangement for producing a seed furrow

Info

Publication number: EP3996487A1
Application number: EP19739192.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Marian Ivanov DICHEVSKI
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-08
Filing date: 2019-07-08
Publication date: 2022-05-18
Also published as: EP3996488A2; WO2021005055A2; US20220400602A1; WO2021005055A3; WO2021004616A1; US20230240171A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil cultivation arrangement (100) for agricultural processing of soil (500), in particular a field and/or farmland, having a carrier device for mounting on an agricultural tractor and having one or more soil cultivation units (200, 201, 202, 203) for preparing and/or generating a seed furrow (530), which soil cultivation units (200, 201, 202, 203) can be connected as required to the carrier device as modular components of the soil cultivation arrangement (100) and are arrangeable along the carrier device in the desired sequence.

Description

Soil cultivation arrangement for producing a seed furrow

The invention relates to a soil cultivation arrangement for agricultural cultivation of a soil, in particular a field and / or arable land, with a carrier device for attachment to an agricultural tractor, in particular a tractor or tractor, and with one or more soil cultivation units for preparing and / or generating a seed furrow Which tillage units can be connected as modular components of the tillage arrangement with the carrier device and / or with a sowing unit towable by an agricultural tractor and can be arranged along the carrier device in the desired sequence.

In industrial agriculture, tillage is one of the most costly and time-consuming operations in fields or arable farming. In addition to intensive, turning soil cultivation, plowing, in which the soil of a field and / or arable area is turned and loosened in the uppermost, approx. 40 cm thick soil layer, gentler soil cultivation methods have meanwhile also become established on a large industrial scale. In the so-called plowless or non-plowing (also known as “no-tillage”) tillage methods, only superficial tillage takes place. After the harvest, straw and crop residues can remain on the soil surface until the next sowing, thus protecting the soil from erosion and evaporation. For such conservation tillage methods, however, fundamentally different demands are made on the technology. Despite the protective and conserving properties, straw, plant and root residues remaining on the field or arable land or in the soil can prevent precise seed placement or represent mechanical resistance for the seeds, resulting in insufficient seed-soil contact (in English also referred to as “seed-to-soil contact”).

Especially in connection with the so-called single seed or single grain placement, in which the seed is deposited single grain by grain along a prepared seed furrow after previous separation (e.g. by means of mechanical or pneumatic grain separation), inadequate seed-soil contact can result lead to a significant reduction in crop yield. Special tillage devices for the non-plowing tillage in connection with the single sowing or single grain placement are designed to loosen the soil as well as to chop up straw and harvest residues and to mix them effectively into the uppermost soil horizon. Such soil cultivation devices are usually built up from a series of different, mostly disc-shaped, tool elements with different functions.

Various combinations of such tool elements are known from the prior art. For example, EP 0849426 B1 discloses a sowing unit with an arm which is attached to a tool carrier of a tractor at a front end area and for receiving various

Tool elements is formed. The so-called furrow opener forms the essential component of the sowing unit, which is pulled by the tractor unit in the forward direction of travel as an inclined and spring-mounted individual disc to generate a seed furrow. To determine the penetration depth of the furrow opener and the resulting furrow depth, a depth wheel is arranged near the leading side of the furrow opener. The depth wheel also serves to compress and stabilize the

Furrow wall. The seed is then released into the opened furrow using a coulter. The furrow opener is preceded by a furrow clearer (also known as "raw cleaner") to remove plant and crop residues from the area in front of the furrow opener. The furrow clearer essentially consists of two disks that are positioned at an angle to each other, the circumference of which is provided with a tooth profile. Arranged after the furrow opener, a closing wheel rolls on the surface of the soil, which loosens the soil in the area of the furrow wall to close the previously opened furrow and at the same time presses against the seed lying in the furrow.

While the furrow clearer described in EP 0849426 B1 works essentially above ground, ie clears straw and harvest residues above the soil surface, a mostly corrugated, individual soil cultivation disc (also referred to as "coulter" or "disc opener") can be used in the upper soil horizon "cut" to also underground, ie below the To crush the soil surface, grown root remains and thus to facilitate the opening of the seed furrow. Such a coulter can, if necessary, be used in addition to or instead of the furrow clearer and is expediently arranged in front of the furrow opener. US Pat. No. 7,992,651 B2 discloses a Coulter with a wave-like disk surface. Before the actual seed furrow is opened, the coulter should cut or cut the soil to a desired depth in order to loosen up the soil in this area and to separate any plant or root remains. Due to the wavy disc surface, the effectively cut or slotted and loosened bottom area is wider than the actual disc thickness. According to different embodiments, the coulter can be provided with a cutting edge formed on one or both sides along its circumference.

From US 2016/0050837 A1 a tool arm for a multi-row planting unit is known, which is pulled by a rural utility vehicle, a tractor or tractor in order to generate a plurality of rows of seeds arranged parallel to one another and to equip them with seeds. The tool arm is equipped with various tool elements for preparing the soil, for generating the seed furrow, for spreading the seed and for closing the seed furrow. In one embodiment, so-called closing wheels are shown, each of which is formed from a single disk, on the outer circumference of which projections pointing obliquely outward on both sides enlarge the running surface of the closing wheel. As a result, the locking wheel acts on the loosely piled earth next to the seed furrow and thus closes the seed furrow.

A similar locking wheel (https://sidist.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=cateqory.displav&cateqO ⁱ v U * 1 IG / HU = 50302618 & CFTOKEN = 12808232 & CFID = 59384229 & CFTOKEN = 53824749. Is called on May 21st. 2019) under the name "Finger-Till Closing Wheel". The locking wheel is designed as a pair of disks with two disks set at an angle to each other and each one-piece cast. Each disk comprises two rows of pyramidal projections on the outer circumference of the disk, one row pointing axially inward and the other row pointing radially outward. The axially inwardly pointing projections roll off in the area of the furrow walls in order to close the seed furrow, while the radially outwardly pointing projections ensure loosening of the soil in this area.

However, the devices shown in the prior art for conservative tillage also have disadvantages. In the area of the seed furrow walls, there is often a compaction of the soil or soil there (also known as "side-wall-compaction"). Such a compaction of the soil can lead to a predetermined direction of growth of the roots of the sown plants within the seed furrow or along the seed furrow wall and consequently to a lower crop yield. Subsequent loosening of the soil or soil in this area by means of appropriately designed closing wheels cannot adequately eliminate the compaction often caused by tool elements running in front, especially when the soil is damp. It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to create an improved soil cultivation arrangement which in particular enables the avoidance of furrow wall compaction together with optimized seed-soil contact due to homogeneous soil density in the area of the seed furrow. At the same time, a homogeneous soil density promotes simultaneous germination of the seeds, which further increases the harvest yield.

The object is achieved by a soil cultivation arrangement according to claim 1.

A soil cultivation arrangement according to the invention of the type described in more detail at the beginning is characterized by a modular design which enables flexible use of different soil cultivation units with different functions. For this purpose, the soil cultivation units can be connected to a carrier device and, if necessary, can be flexibly arranged along the carrier device in the desired sequence. In addition or as an alternative, it can be connected to a sowing unit. Tool arms known from the prior art are suitable as the carrier device or other devices that enable the soil cultivation units to be suspended or attached. The soil cultivation units are lined up along the carrier device in order to prepare the soil in the area of an individual seed furrow, to loosen it and finally to produce the seed furrow. Depending on the size of the field and / or to be processed

Arable land, several tillage arrangements can be attached parallel to each other on a tool carrier of an industrial or agricultural tractor, in particular a tractor or tractor, in order to prepare and / or generate a corresponding number of seed furrows. Advantageously, in the pulling direction of the agricultural tractor, a tillage unit for cutting Plant and / or root remains and arranged to prepare the soil. This can be followed by a further soil cultivation unit for preparing the seed furrow and for loosening the soil or soil in the area of the seed furrow to be generated. Finally, a soil cultivation unit can be provided for generating the seed furrow and at the same time for loosening the soil in the area of the seed furrow wall.

Due to the flexible equipment of the carrier device, depending on the nature of the soil to be worked and depending on the condition of the field and / or arable land, e.g. the type and amount of remaining plants and crops or root remains or the moisture content, a desired combination can be made modular Assemble tillage units. For example, the soil cultivation arrangement can, if necessary, be equipped with one or more of the soil cultivation units. Depending on the type and properties of the soil, it is also conceivable, for example, to assemble several soil cultivation units arranged in a row, in particular soil cultivation disks with a different penetration depth and / or a different diameter and subsequently also with a different mass if necessary. It has proven to be advantageous here to design the tillage units arranged foremost with respect to the pulling direction of the agricultural tractor with the smallest penetration depth and / or the smallest diameter, with the penetration depth and / or diameter of further tillage units opposite to Increase direction of pull. In the case of soil cultivation arrangements arranged parallel to one another for generating several parallel seed furrows, soil cultivation units which are arranged parallel to one another and have an identical penetration depth and / or an identical diameter are preferably formed in the same position. According to the invention, a suitable, modular arrangement of different tillage units is used to prevent compaction of the seed furrow, in particular in the area of the seed furrow wall, immediately before the seed furrow itself is generated, or the soil or the soil in the area of the seed furrow wall at the same time during the generation or To loosen the formation of the seed furrow.

The arrangement according to the invention can additionally be supplemented by further tool elements known from the prior art, such as, for example, a device for depositing the seed, a furrow clearer or a closing wheel, or can be used jointly with these.

The soil cultivation unit according to the invention is particularly suitable for generating seed furrows for individual seeds, but can also be used advantageously for generating seed furrows with different dimensions, in particular for generating seed furrows for smaller seeds, such as wheat, rape, barley, etc.

Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

Thus, at least one soil cultivation unit of the soil cultivation arrangement can in an advantageous embodiment comprise one or more soil cultivation disks, which are rotatably mounted on the ground for rolling about their respective axis of rotation and are provided with axial loosening pins on at least one outer circular surface facing, in particular, a seed furrow wall, which loosening pins are provided to loosen the Are formed soil in the area of the respective seed furrow wall. A soil cultivation disc is preferably circular and has two opposing circular surfaces and a circumferential or running surface. In operation, ie when the soil cultivation arrangement is pulled from the agricultural tractor, the soil cultivation disc rolls along its circumferential or running surface on the ground, in particular on the soil surface and / or partially below the soil surface in the upper soil horizon. In other words, the soil cultivation disc penetrates into the soil surface or the upper soil horizon by a penetration depth or working depth in order to work the soil. Depending on the arrangement and / or orientation of the soil cultivation discs, for example individually or in pairs, either a soil incision intended to prepare the seed furrow or the, in particular V-shaped, seed furrow can be produced in the soil. A circular area which faces the soil or soil or the wall of the seed furrow and is in direct contact with the soil or soil is referred to as the outer circular area. On the other hand, an inside circular area is a circular area facing away from the ground or soil or the seed furrow wall. In the case of an inclined soil cultivation disc, the circular area leading in the pulling direction is consequently referred to as the outside, whereas the trailing circular area is referred to as the inside. If the tillage disc is aligned parallel to the direction of pull, both circular surfaces are usually on the outside.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the soil cultivation disk is provided with axial loosening pins on at least one outer circular surface. The loosening pins are preferably aligned parallel along the axis of rotation of the soil cultivation disc or alternatively form an angle with the axis of rotation. During operation, i.e. when the tillage disc rolls on the ground, the loosening pins are pulled along an arc-shaped curve through the laterally adjacent soil or the seed furrow wall, which loosens the soil in this area of the soil and thus prevents seed furrow wall compaction.

The loosening pins are preferably arranged at a distance in a range between 5 mm and 15 mm, particularly preferably at a distance of 10 mm from the circumferential or running surface and are spaced apart from one another a range of 1 cm to 4 cm. The loosening pins are advantageously cylindrical with a diameter in a range from 1 mm to 5 mm and a length in a range from 5 mm to 30 mm. In contrast to the coulters known from the prior art, loosening the soil can be achieved by means of the loosening pins arranged at a distance from one another, without the soil being transported in the corresponding area.

It is also advantageous if the soil cultivation disc is connected to the loosening pins on the outer circular surface by means of a joining connection and the loosening pins are aligned orthogonally to the outer circular surface.

According to this advantageous embodiment, the loosening pins are each provided as separate components that are joined to the soil cultivation disc by means of a joining process. In particular, the loosening pins can be welded to the soil cultivation disc or fitted and / or pressed in and / or hammered into corresponding recesses in the soil cultivation disc.

In principle, it is conceivable to form a cutting edge on both circular surfaces of the one or more soil cultivation disks. Easier to manufacture and advantageous for stability, the one or more soil cultivation disks have a one-sided cutting edge which, starting from the outer circumference of the respective soil cultivation disk, extends along the outer circular surface in the direction of the axis of rotation of the soil cultivation disk. The cutting edge facilitates penetration into the ground and in particular enables greater penetration or working depths. In addition, the cutting edge can be used to cut plant or crop residues on the soil surface and / or root residues in the upper soil horizon, which enables even better loosening and homogenization of the soil, which also helps to avoid soil compaction in the area of the seed furrow wall. The design of a cutting edge with a width of 5 mm-15 mm, particularly preferably with a width of 10 mm, has proven to be useful. Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least one tillage unit is designed as a furrow opener with two rotatably mounted tillage disks, in particular sowing disks, with at least one of the tillage disks for generating the seed furrow being set at an angle to the pulling direction or forward travel direction of the rural tractor and its respective, leading outer circular surface, preferably in the area on the outer disc circumference, is provided with the loosening pins.

To generate the seed furrow, it is expedient to arrange two soil cultivation disks in pairs as furrow openers, with at least one cultivation disk positioned at an angle to the pulling direction. In a further development, it is particularly advantageous if both soil cultivation discs are inclined to the direction of pull, the soil cultivation discs being aligned at their leading ends, touching one another along a circumferential area of 4 cm to 5 cm and spaced apart from one another at their trailing ends. The angle enclosed by the soil cultivation disks is preferably in a range from 7.5 ° to 15 °, particularly preferably in a range from 10.5 ° to 11.5 °. Due to this alignment of the soil cultivation discs to one another, an axially symmetrical, V-shaped seed furrow can be produced by means of the furrow puller. The seed furrow width is varied by setting the included angle; the seed furrow depth depends on the set penetration or working depth of the furrow opener. The penetration or working depth of the furrow opener can be established and adjusted as required by devices known from the prior art, such as depth gears or so-called “chicken feet”.

In order to simultaneously prevent the seed furrow walls from compaction during the production of the seed furrow, the soil cultivation disks are provided with loosening pins on their respective outer circular surfaces associated with the adjacent seed furrow wall. The furrow opener is preferably arranged to follow the further soil cultivation units in relation to the pulling direction or the forward direction of travel of the landscape tractor. In order to deposit the seeds directly in the generated seed furrow, the furrow opener is expedient with a sowing unit, preferably a device for depositing single grains, equipped or designed as part of such a sowing unit, and is therefore also referred to in English as a “seeding disc”. Optionally, the furrow opener can be followed by a closing wheel in order to close the generated seed furrow and to cover the seed deposited therein with soil.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is also possible that at least one soil cultivation unit is designed as a soil loosening unit with a single rotatably mounted soil cultivation disc, the soil cultivation disc for loosening the soil and for preparing the seed furrow to be produced at least on one or both of the wall facing the seed furrow wall. outer circular surface, is provided with the loosening pins. In particular, the loosening pins are arranged in the area of the outer circumference of the soil cultivation disc and / or in the area of the seed furrow to be produced. Such an individually arranged soil cultivation disc can take over the function of the above-described coulter and cut or cut the soil in the upper soil horizon to the desired penetration or working depth before the seed furrow is produced. At the same time, any root or plant residues that may be in the soil can be broken up and crushed. In addition to the function of a well-known roller, the soil cultivation disc is on both outer circular surfaces, i.e. H. Provided with loosening pins on both sides, whereby the soil or the ground is loosened at the same time adjacent to the slot or incision created. The loosening pins do not transport the soil.The working or penetration depth of the soil cultivation disc corresponds either to the working or penetration depth of a trailing furrow opener and is in particular in a range of up to 4 cm - 6 cm or exceeds this and is in particular in a range of up to 7 cm - 10 cm.

According to a further advantageous variant of the invention, at least one floor treatment unit has a runner-like sliding device, the underside of which, facing the floor, is designed to slide along the floor surface. In a further development of this variant of the invention, one or more soil cultivation disks protrude, in particular enforce, the sliding surface of the sliding device by a variably adjustable penetration or working depth.

The sliding device is preferably provided with a sliding surface on the underside which is aligned parallel to the floor surface and which is supported by the

Tillage disc is penetrated. For this purpose, the sliding device is designed with a corresponding recess. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to arrange one or two sliding devices (each) adjacent to the soil cultivation disc. The distance between the sliding surface on the underside of the sliding device and the area of the

Soil cultivation disc corresponds to the penetration or working depth within which the soil is loosened and / or the seed furrow depth of the seed furrow to be produced. Like the depth wheels or “chicken feet” known from the prior art, the sliding device can thus be used for depth control, the penetration or working depth is variably adjustable.

The one described above is a particularly advantageous development

Variant of the invention designed as a precutter with a single rotatably mounted soil cultivation disc, in particular a knife disc, the soil cultivation disc being provided with a radially directed tooth profile for cutting plant and root residues and for preparing the seed furrow to be generated along its outer circumferential or running surface.

In this development, the sliding device sliding on the soil surface fulfills the additional purpose of holding down plant or harvest residues located there and / or aligning it flat to the soil surface, which facilitates shearing off by means of the soil cultivation disc designed as a knife disc. At the same time, it is prevented that the rotating knife disc in the ground, ie pulling out plant or root residues located below the soil surface, thereby achieving homogeneous mixing of the soil with the plant and / or root residues located therein. Optionally, according to one embodiment of the invention, at least one soil cultivation unit is designed as a soil loosening unit with one or more knives, which are used to cut plant and root residues, loosen the soil and prepare the seed furrow to be generated in a translatory manner, in particular transversely, to the pulling direction or the forward travel direction of the agricultural tractor , are movable.

Both the tillage units designed in the manner of tillage disks described so far and the tillage unit designed with one or more knives can be provided with their own drive unit or can be driven externally. The drive unit is preferably designed as an electrically, pneumatically, mechanically or hydraulically driven rotary actuator or linear actuator in order to rotate a respective soil cultivation disc in or against the pulling direction or the one or more knives transversely to the pulling direction or forward travel direction of the scenic tractor, oscillating "up and down from “to move. For this purpose, the carrier device of the soil cultivation arrangement can have a holder or fastening option for a corresponding linear actuator or the linear actuator is correspondingly fastened to a sowing unit. It is advantageous to rotate one or more soil cultivation discs in the pulling direction of the tractor, preferably at high speed, in order to keep the soil offset, ie the mass of soil to be moved, as low as possible. Via an assigned control, the speed and direction of rotation of the actuator-driven rotary movement of the one or more soil cultivation disks can be adjusted as required, independently of the travel speed and travel direction of the agricultural tractor. The use of an optional sliding device together with the drive unit is advantageous, whereby, for example, the setting of the desired speed and the direction of rotation of the actuator-driven rotary movement are made easier and more precise by reducing the rolling effect on the floor. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to do without In order to effectively cut or shear off plant and / or root remains in the soil, one or more knives move at high speed. For this purpose, the one or more knives are connected to the linear actuator in a manner known from the prior art and are mounted to be linearly movable. The mounting is preferably designed with play along the pulling direction and / or along the direction of movement of the knives transverse to this or the knives are spring-mounted in order to be able to compensate for stones or other inhomogeneities in the ground.

Optionally, the soil loosening unit formed with one or more knives can additionally be provided with a sliding device, the one or more knives of the soil loosening unit being arranged to penetrate an in particular slot-like recess of the sliding device and preferably each knife a respective, in particular slot-like recess within the Slider is assigned. The sliding device is intended to hold down plant residues, to improve the shearing performance and to prevent root or plant residues from being pulled out of the ground during the upward movement of the one or more knives.

Additionally or alternatively, according to a further variant of the invention, at least one soil cultivation unit can be designed as a soil loosening unit with a revolving chain, which is actuated to cut plant and root residues, to loosen the soil and to prepare the seed furrow to be generated in the manner of a chainsaw and with a Sawtooth profile is formed. The previously described soil cultivation units can each be connected in a modular manner and in the desired sequence to a soil cultivation arrangement according to the invention. The

As is known from the prior art, soil cultivation units are each spring-loaded or connected to the carrier device of the soil cultivation arrangement via corresponding arms and are movably mounted in order to be able to compensate for stones or other unevenness in the ground, for example. In addition to Self-weight can also be ensured in a manner known from the prior art by setting a pre-tensioning, continuous contact of the respective running or sliding surfaces with the ground.

The respective tillage units are also suitable for retrofitting tillage arrangements and / or sowing units known from the prior art.

The invention therefore also relates to a furrow opener according to claim 13, a soil loosening unit with one or more knives according to claim 14, a soil loosening unit with a revolving chain according to claim 15 and a precutter according to claim 16, each suitable for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement.

Finally, the invention is also directed to a method for producing a soil cultivation disc for a soil cultivation unit for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement. According to the invention, the manufacturing process has the following steps:

Providing a tillage disc with two lateral circular surfaces and a circumferential or running surface,

Providing a desired number of, in particular cylindrical, loosening pins,

- Production of, in particular cylindrical, receiving recesses by

Erosion and / or drilling methods on one or both circular surfaces of the soil cultivation disc, the peripheral shape of the receiving recesses produced corresponding to the peripheral shape of the loosening pins provided, and then

- Joining of the soil cultivation disc with the pins, the pins being fitted into the receiving recesses in a form-fitting, force-fitting and / or frictional connection, in particular being pressed in.

According to the method according to the invention, the soil cultivation disc and the loosening pins are each provided as individual, separate components. The Soil cultivation disc can be, for example, a steel or iron casting with a very high Rockwell hardness in a range of over 60 HR. Due to the high hardness, the service life of the tillage disc can be increased due to less wear. The loosening pins provided can be made of a similar technical material with approximately the same or lower hardness and are in particular cylindrical or conical. The hard metal tungsten carbide has proven to be a particularly advantageous technical material. In order to join the loosening pins provided to the soil cultivation disc, the soil cultivation disc is first provided with receiving recesses in the form of a blind hole on one or both lateral circular surfaces. Due to the high hardness of the material of the soil cultivation disc, the receiving recesses are preferably formed by means of a so-called electro-erosion drilling process (EDM process). Alternatively, the receiving recesses can also be designed in the form of openings that completely penetrate the soil cultivation disc.

The receiving recesses and the loosening pins are designed with the same, circular circumferential shape and preferably with the same diameter, so that the loosening pins can be pressed and / or hammered into the receiving recesses. Unless the

Receiving recesses throughout, d. H. the soil cultivation disc are designed to penetrate completely, the loosening pins can additionally be welded to the soil cultivation discs by setting an argon welding point or, depending on the material, soldered if necessary. Alternatively, the loosening pins can be made using a so-called

High temperature soldering process using silver, bronze, brass or copper solder and a corresponding flux, which are particularly suitable for high temperature soldering processes in connection with hard metals, in particular tungsten carbide. Further details, features, (sub) combinations of features, advantages and

Effects based on the invention are apparent from the following Description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention and the drawings. These show in

1a shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of the soil cultivation arrangement according to the invention with three soil cultivation units arranged one after the other, each designed as a soil cultivation disc,

Fig. 1 b is a schematic sectional view of a to be generated

Seed furrow in front view,

1 c shows the soil cultivation arrangement from FIG. 1 a in a schematic side view,

2a shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a furrow opener according to the invention with two soil cultivation discs, together with a schematic sectional view of a seed furrow produced therewith in a front view, FIG. 2b shows a schematic top view of the furrow opener according to FIG

2a,

3a shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with a soil cultivation disc;

3c shows a schematic front view of the soil loosening unit according to FIG. 3a, together with a schematic sectional illustration of a seed furrow, 4 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an alternative exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with three knives, together with a schematic sectional illustration of a seed furrow to be produced; FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a further exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with a rotating saw chain and together with a Furrow opener,

6 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a precutter according to the invention with a rotatably mounted knife disk and a sliding device,

7 shows a schematic side view of a further exemplary one

Embodiment of the soil cultivation arrangement according to the invention with three successively arranged soil cultivation units,

8 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with a soil cultivation disc with conical loosening pins,

9 shows two schematic perspective views of an exemplary one

Embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with two milling heads arranged next to one another and in parallel, FIG. 10 shows two schematic perspective views of an exemplary one

Embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with a single milling head and

11 shows three schematic perspective views of an exemplary

Embodiment of a soil loosening unit according to the invention with two milling heads arranged one behind the other or in a row. The figures are merely exemplary in nature and are only used for understanding the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference symbols, which is why they are usually only described once.

FIG. 1 a shows a first exemplary embodiment of a soil cultivation arrangement 100 according to the invention

Soil working arrangement 100 has three soil working units 200, which are modularly connected to a carrier device, not shown here, of soil working arrangement 100 in a manner known from the prior art. The carrier device of the soil cultivation arrangement 100 is designed for connection to a tool carrier of an agricultural tractor, also not shown here, in particular a tractor or tractor. The soil cultivation units 200 are in turn arranged one after the other along a pulling direction or forward travel direction Z of the agricultural tractor. The soil working unit 200 arranged foremost in the pulling direction Z is designed as a precutter 201. Likewise with respect to the pulling direction Z, the precutter 201 is followed by a tillage unit 200 designed as a soil loosening unit 202. The pre-cutter 201 and the soil loosening unit 202 are each designed as a single soil cultivation disc 210. As the rearmost module of the soil cultivation arrangement 100, a soil cultivation unit 200 designed as a furrow opener 203 follows the soil loosening unit 202. The furrow opener 203 comprises two oppositely arranged soil cultivation disks 210. The soil cultivation disks 210 of the soil cultivation units 200 each have two lateral circular surfaces 220 as well as a circumferential or running surface 230 and are rotatably mounted about their respective axis of rotation 223.

A schematic sectional illustration of a conventional, exemplary seed furrow 530, which can be prepared and produced with the soil cultivation arrangement 100, can be seen in FIG. 1b. The seed furrow 530 is formed with an approximately V-shaped cross-sectional area within the soil 500, more precisely in the uppermost soil horizon 520, and comprises two sloping seed furrow walls 531. The seed furrow depth a is the distance from the soil surface 510 to the deepest point of the seed furrow 530, also as The furrow base denotes, defines. The seed furrow width b is usually measured in the area of the soil surface 510 and is defined as the distance between the two seed furrow walls 531 in this area. The seed furrow width b is usually in a range between 3.75 cm to 4 cm and the seed furrow depth a in a range between 3 cm to 10 cm. To prepare and generate the seed furrow 530, the soil cultivation arrangement 100 according to FIG. 1a is pulled along the pulling direction Z from the agricultural tractor, the rotatably mounted soil cultivation disks 210 rolling along their respective circumferential or running surface 230 on the ground 500. The pre-cutter 201 and the soil loosening unit 202 are each provided for preparing the seed furrow 530 and for loosening the soil in the uppermost soil horizon 520, along a cross-sectional area within which the seed furrow 530 is to be created. The actual seed furrow 530 is opened or pulled by means of the following furrow opener 203.

In FIG. 1 c, the soil cultivation arrangement 100 from FIG. 1 a is shown in a schematic side view. In this illustration, the floor 500 and its floor surface 510 are also indicated schematically. In conservation tillage, the soil 500 is tilled exclusively within the uppermost soil horizon 520. The tillage units 200, each having one or two tillage disks 210, roll along the soil 500 or on its surface 510 in the rolling direction R and penetrate, preferably around the same work area - Or penetration depth x, which also corresponds approximately to the seed furrow depth a, into the soil 500. Alternatively, and not shown here, it can also be expedient for the pre-cutter 201 and / or the soil loosening unit 202 to penetrate deeper into the soil 500, ie have a greater working or penetration depth x than the furrow opener 203, which also causes the soil in the area below the seed furrow 530 can be loosened. The working or penetration depth x or seed furrow depth a can be adjusted to the desired amount as required depending on the optimal planting depth of the seed.

For setting the working or penetration depth x, for example, in FIG. 1 c, the precutter 201 has a sliding device 400 whose underside sliding surface 410 slides along the floor surface 510 on. By offsetting the soil working disc 210 and the sliding device 400 of the precutter 201 relative to one another, the distance by which the soil working disc 210 protrudes beyond the sliding surface 410 on the underside, in particular penetrates, and thus their working or penetration depth x can be determined. The sliding device 400 consequently fulfills the function of the devices known from the prior art and optionally also applicable to the invention for setting the working or penetration depth x, such as depth wheels or so-called “chicken feet” and is mounted in a similar manner on a The carrier device (not shown here) of the soil working arrangement 100 is attached.

A schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a furrow puller 201 according to the invention together with a schematic, frontal sectional illustration of a seed furrow 530 produced therewith is shown in FIG. 2a. The furrow opener 201 has two soil cultivation disks 210, in particular sowing disks, which are arranged opposite one another and are each set at an angle to the direction of pull Z, the cultivation disks 210 enclosing an angle in a range between 10.5 ° and 11.5 °. Each soil cultivation disc 210 in turn comprises an outer circular surface 221 which leads in the pulling direction Z and which faces the soil 500 or the respective seed furrow wall 531 to be produced; as well as an opposing inner-side circular area 222, lagging in the pulling direction Z, which faces away from the soil 500 or the corresponding seed furrow wall 531. Starting from their circumferential or running surface 230, the soil cultivation disks 210 are provided in the radial direction with a cutting edge 231 formed here on one side, along the respective outer circular surface 221. The width of the cutting edge 231 is, for example, 10 mm. Also in the area of the outer circumference of the respective soil working disc 210 and adjacent to the cutting edge 231, loosening pins 300 are connected to the respective outer circular surface 221 of the corresponding soil working disc 210. In this embodiment, the loosening pins 300 are cylindrical and are arranged alternately along two circumferential or circular paths. The distance between every two adjacent loosening pins 300 is in one area between 1 cm and 4 cm. The loosening pins 300 are connected to the outer circular surface 221 via a joining connection, in particular pressed into a receiving recess 224 formed there, and aligned orthogonally to the outer circular surface 221, preferably enclosing an angle of 90 ° with it.

A schematic top view of the furrow opener 201 is shown in FIG. 2b. It can be seen that the soil cultivation disks 210 are arranged opposite one another and are aligned symmetrically with respect to the direction of pull Z. The ends 211 of the tillage discs 210 leading in the pulling direction Z touch each other in a circumferential area of about 4 cm to 5 cm, whereas the trailing ends 212 are arranged at a distance from one another which corresponds approximately to the seed furrow width b. In this illustration, the cutting edge 231, which is embodied all around the outer disc circumference and which is embodied here on one side, on the respective outer circular surface 221, can also be clearly seen.

In operation, when the furrow opener 201 is pulled by the agricultural tractor along the pulling direction Z, the tillage discs 210 roll on the ground 500, whereby on the one hand the soil up to the penetration depth x from the outer circular surfaces 221 to produce the seed furrow 530 with one of the penetration depth x corresponding seed furrow depth a is displaced. At the same time, the loosening pins 300, arranged alternately in two rows in this embodiment, are pulled along a respective cycloid, in particular an epicycloid path, through the adjacent seed furrow wall 531. Because of the cycloid, in particular an epicycloid path, the soil is loosened in the area of the complete seed furrow wall 531, whereby a seed furrow wall compaction can be effectively avoided.

An exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 3a in a schematic perspective illustration. The soil loosening unit 202 has a single soil cultivation disc 210 which, during operation of the soil cultivation arrangement 100 (see FIG. 1 a), is parallel to the pulling direction Z aligned and pulled along it. The soil cultivation disc 210 of the soil loosening unit 202 rolls on the soil 500, as described above. A circumferential area of the soil treatment disc 210 defined by the working or penetration depth x penetrates the soil 500, as a result of which a groove-like slot or incision oriented along the pulling direction Z is drawn in the soil 500. Because the soil loosening unit 202 precedes the furrow opener 203 (see FIG. 1 a), the creation of the actual seed furrow 530 is prepared and made considerably easier. Due to its parallel alignment, the soil cultivation disc 210 has two outer circular surfaces 221. Orthogonally aligned loosening pins 300 are arranged on both outer circular surfaces 221, which in this embodiment are limited by way of example to the circumferential area of the soil cultivation disc 210 defined by the working or penetration depth x. Alternatively, however, the loosening pins 300 could also be arranged completely distributed over one or both outer circular surfaces 221 of the soil cultivation disc 210. The loosening pins 300 are arranged here in three rows, for example, along three circumferential or circular paths, three loosening pins 300 each lying on a common radius of the soil cultivation disc 210. During operation, the soil 500 is loosened by means of the loosening pins 300, which are drawn through the respective adjacent soil along respective cycloids, in particular epicycloid paths, similar to the previously described for furrow opener 201. In this way, on the one hand, the generation of the seed furrow 530 is facilitated, and on the other hand, a seed furrow wall compaction is prevented.

FIG. 3b shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention with loosening pins 300 arranged along a total of four circumferential or circular paths. The soil loosening unit also has a circumferential cutting edge 231, which here is formed in particular on both sides, on both outer circular surfaces 221. FIG. 3c shows a front view of the soil loosening unit 202 according to FIG. 3a, shown along the pulling direction Z, together with a schematic, frontal sectional view of a seed furrow 530 to be produced. The loosening pins 300 arranged on both sides can be clearly seen here. which are arranged orthogonally to the respective outer circular area 221 and are connected to it. Alternatively, an embodiment variant (not shown) would also be conceivable in which loosening pins 300 penetrate the soil cultivation disc 210 of soil loosening unit 202 and protrude on both outer circular surfaces 221 from soil cultivation disc 210. In addition, it is shown in this embodiment that the working or penetration depth x exceeds the seed furrow depth a of the seed furrow 530 to be formed with the trailing furrow opener 203, which also loosens the soil below the seed furrow 530 or prevents soil compaction in the area of the furrow bottom .

A schematic perspective illustration of an alternative exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 4 together with a schematic section of a seed furrow 530 to be produced. The embodiment of the soil loosening unit 202 shown here is designed with a total of three knives 310, which are provided with a saw profile 311 in the pulling direction Z and can be moved up and down linearly in translation along a cutting direction S running orthogonally to the pulling direction Z. The soil loosening unit 202 also has a sliding device 400, the underside sliding surface 410 of which is provided for sliding on the soil surface 510. A front section 420 of the sliding device 400 in the pulling direction Z is raised in the manner of a runner with respect to the ground surface 510 in order to facilitate sliding even on uneven ground. Three slot-like recesses 430 of the sliding device 400, arranged parallel to one another, are each penetrated by one of the knives 310 and at the same time act as a kind of guide in the cutting direction S. The sliding device 400 can be used to variably set the working or penetration depth x of the knives 310. In addition, the sliding device 400 prevents plants or root remains from being pulled out of the ground 500 by an upward movement of the knives 310. The set working or penetration depth x preferably corresponds to the seed furrow depth a, and the distance between the two outer knives 310 corresponds to the seed furrow width b of the seed furrow 530 to be generated. As can be seen from the schematic sectional view of the seed furrow 530, the embodiment shown here of the soil loosening unit 202, the soil 500 is loosened transversely to the pulling direction Z along a rectangular cross-sectional area which protrudes beyond the V-shaped cross-sectional area of the seed furrow 530, in particular in the area of the seed furrow walls 531, effectively avoiding soil compaction here. The knives 310 can be driven electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically or mechanically via a conventional linear actuator and are mounted, preferably spring-loaded and / or with play, so that they can move up and down along the cutting direction S.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a further exemplary embodiment of an inventive

Soil cultivation arrangement 100 with two soil cultivation units 200 is shown. The soil cultivation arrangement 100 has the soil cultivation unit 200 designed as a furrow opener 203 and a soil cultivation unit 200 designed as a soil loosening unit 202 with a revolving soil loosening chain 320. The furrow opener 203 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2a, b and is therefore not explained again in the following. The soil loosening chain 320 of the soil loosening unit 202 is preferably driven electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically or mechanically via an actuator which is attached to the carrier device of the soil cultivation arrangement 100 and, if necessary, can be driven "forwards" in the unrolling direction R of the soil cultivation discs 210 of the furrow opener 203 or "backwards". , run against the direction of unwinding R. The soil loosening chain 320 is preferably provided, at least in sections, with a sawtooth profile, not shown here, the teeth of which extend straight or at an angle, in particular radially, outward, in the direction of the soil 500. The soil loosening unit 202 having the soil loosening chain 320 can optionally be provided with a sliding device 400 according to FIGS. 1 a, c for setting the working or penetration depth x.

A soil working unit 200 designed as a pre-cutter 201 for a soil working arrangement 100 can be taken from FIG. 6 in a schematic perspective illustration by way of example. The pre-cutter 201 comprises a single soil cultivation disc 210, which is mounted rotatably about its axis of rotation 223 and is aligned parallel to the pulling direction Z, which here as Knife disc is designed for cutting plant and root remains and for preparing the seed furrow 530 to be produced. Along its circumferential or running surface 230, the soil cultivation disc 210 is provided with a radially outwardly facing tooth profile 232 which, when the soil cultivation disc 210 rolls, cuts any plant or root residues present on the soil surface 510 or in the soil 500. In order to make it easier to shear off plant or root residues, the pre-cutter 201 is additionally designed with a sliding device 400, the front section 420 of which is raised like a runner with respect to the ground surface 510. A centrally arranged and elongated slot-like recess 430 of the sliding device 400 is penetrated by the soil working disc 210. During the operation of the soil cultivation arrangement 100, the precutter 201 is moved along the pulling direction Z, the sliding device 400 sliding with its sliding surface 410 on the underside along the soil surface 510 and holding down any plant residues. At the same time, the sliding device 400 prevents any root residues located in the soil 500 from being pulled out of the soil 500 by the rotating soil cultivation disc 210. In addition, the sliding device 400 is used to set the working or penetration depth x. Finally, a further exemplary embodiment of a soil cultivation arrangement 100 according to the invention is shown in a schematic perspective illustration in FIG. The soil cultivation arrangement 100 comprises three soil cultivation units 200, which are designed as a pre-cutter 201, a soil loosening unit 202 and a furrow opener 203. The pre-cutter 201 has a single soil cultivation disc 210 and a sliding device 400. With regard to the direction of pull Z is the

Soil loosening unit 202 is arranged following the precutter 201 and also comprises a sliding device 400, which, however, is penetrated by three knives 310 which can be moved up and down transversely to the pulling direction Z. The furrow opener 203 is arranged with two soil cultivation disks 210 each oriented at an angle to the pulling direction Z, terminating in the pulling direction Z or following the soil loosening unit 202. During operation, ie when the soil cultivation arrangement 100 is pulled by an agricultural tractor in the pulling direction Z, plant and root residues can first be cut above and below ground by means of the pre-cutter 201, with an incision in the soil 500 that precedes the seed furrow 530 being produced . By means of the soil loosening unit 202, which is provided with three knives 310, the soil 500 is then loosened in the area of the seed furrow 530 to be produced, in this embodiment the rectangular cross-sectional area of the

Soil loosening unit of loosened soil 500 protrudes beyond the V-shaped cross-sectional area of the seed furrow 530, in particular in the region of the seed furrow walls 531. As a result, the soil is loosened extensively around the seed furrow 530 to be produced, so that compaction of the soil 500 in the region of the seed furrow walls 531 is effectively prevented. Finally, the actual seed furrow 530 is pulled by the furrow opener 203, the surrounding soil being displaced laterally in the manner of a plow by the inclined tillage disks 210. In order to prevent the compaction in the area of the seed furrow walls 531 that inevitably occurs during this work step, the soil cultivation discs 210 are each provided with the loosening pins 300 on their outer circular surface 221, which during the generation of the seed furrow 530 along a respective cycloid, in particular an epicycloid path through the soil adjacent seed furrow walls 531 are drawn and loosen them up.

FIG. 8 shows an alternative, exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention in a schematic perspective illustration. The soil loosening unit 202 comprises a

Soil cultivation disc 210, which is provided on both sides with loosening pins 300, which are conically shaped here. As an example, only two loosening pins 300 are shown in the illustration, one of the loosening pins 300 being arranged ready for use within a receiving recess 224 that penetrates the soil cultivation disc 210, so that the conically tapered tips of the loosening pin 300 each project beyond the two circular surfaces 220 of the soil cultivation disc 210. A second loosening pin 300 is shown in an exploded view of the soil cultivation disc 210, so that its central, cylindrical section and the two conical tips can be seen. To fasten the loosening pins 300 within the soil cultivation disks 210 or within the respectively assigned receiving recess 224, the loosening pins 300 are first inserted into the corresponding receiving recesses 224 to the desired position and attached to both circular surfaces 220 of the soil cultivation disk 210 by soldering using a hard solder.

Two schematic perspective views of an exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention comprising two milling heads 340 arranged next to one another in the pulling direction or forward travel direction Z with axes of rotation 341 aligned parallel to one another can be seen in FIG. Depending on the depth of the seed furrow to be produced, however, more than two milling heads 340 can also be arranged next to one another. For depth control, the soil loosening unit 202 shown in FIG. 9 is provided with a sliding device 400 which is designed with one or more recesses 430 through which the milling heads 340 pass. Alternatively, the sliding device 400 can also be dispensed with.

FIG. 10 shows two schematic perspective views of a further exemplary embodiment of a soil loosening unit 202 according to the invention with a single milling head 340. The milling head 340 or its axis of rotation 341 is arranged here centrally within an optional sliding device 400 and penetrating a recess 430 provided therein. Alternatively, according to FIG. 11, two or more milling heads 340 can also be arranged one behind the other or in series with respect to the pulling direction or forward travel direction Z. When using several milling heads 340 arranged one behind the other, it has been found to be advantageous to design them with different diameters, the milling head 340 arranged at the front in the forward travel direction Z expediently having the smallest diameter and the milling head 340 arranged at the rear having the largest diameter. The respective milling heads 340 of the previously described embodiments according to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 are driven by one or more drive units, not shown here, which are preferably designed as electrical, pneumatic, mechanical or hydraulically driven rotary actuator is formed, driven. By means of the drive unit and, if necessary, interposed gear elements, the milling heads 340 can be rotated at the desired speed in the same or opposite direction of rotation about their respective axis of rotation 341. The selected arrangement of the milling heads 340, that is to say a single milling head 340, two or more milling heads 340 next to one another and / or two or more milling heads 340 one behind the other, can, if necessary, be adapted to the existing soil conditions.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 100 soil cultivation arrangement

200 tillage unit

201 pre-cutter

202 Soil loosening unit

203 furrow opener

210 tillage disc

211 leading end

212 trailing end

220 circular area

221 outer circular area

222 inside circular area

223 axis of rotation

224 receiving recesses

230 circumferential or running surface

231 cutting edge

232 tooth profile

300 loosening pins

310 knives

320 soil loosening chain

330 teeth

340 milling head

341 axis of rotation

400 sliding device

410 sliding surface

420 front section

430 recess

500 soil

510 floor surface

520 uppermost soil horizon

530 seed furrow

531 seed furrow wall X working or penetration depth

a seed furrow depth

b Seed furrow width

Z direction of pull or forward direction of travel

R roll direction

S cutting direction

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) for agricultural cultivation of a soil (500), in particular a field and / or arable land, with a carrier device for attaching to an agricultural tractor and with one or more soil cultivation units (200, 201, 202, 203) for preparation and / or for generating a seed furrow (530), which tillage units (200, 201, 202, 203) as modular components of the tillage arrangement (100) with the carrier device and / or with one of the agricultural

Tractor towable sowing unit connectable and can be arranged along the carrier device in the desired order.

2. soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

at least one soil cultivation unit (200, 201, 202, 203) comprises one or more soil cultivation disks (210) which are rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation (223) for rolling on the soil (500) and which face at least one, in particular a seed furrow wall (531), Circular area (220, 221, 222) are provided with axial loosening pins (300), which loosening pins (300) are designed to loosen the soil (500) in the region of the respective seed furrow wall (531).

3. soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 2,

characterized in that

the one or more soil cultivation disks (210) are provided on an outer circular surface (221) by means of a joint connection with the loosening pins (300) and the loosening pins (300) are aligned orthogonally to the respective outer circular surface (221).

4. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that

the one or more soil cultivation discs (210) have a cutting edge (231) that extends from the outer Disc circumference of the respective soil cultivation disc (210), in particular on one side, formed along the outer circular surface (221), in the direction of the axis of rotation (223) of the soil cultivation disc (210).

5. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

characterized in that

at least one soil cultivation unit (200) as a furrow opener (203) with two rotatably mounted soil cultivation discs (210), in particular

Sowing discs, wherein at least one of the soil cultivation discs (210) for generating the seed furrow (530) is inclined to a pulling direction or forward travel direction (Z) of the scenic tractor and its respective outer circular surface (221), preferably in the area on the outer disc circumference, is provided with the loosening pins (300).

6. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

characterized in that

at least one soil cultivation unit (200) is designed as a soil loosening unit (202) with a single rotatably mounted soil cultivation disc (210), in particular a soil cultivation disc (210) for loosening the soil (500) and for preparing the seed furrow (530) to be produced ) is provided with the loosening pins (300) on one or both of the outer circular surfaces (221) facing the seed furrow wall (531), and in particular the loosening pins (300) are arranged in the area of the outer circumference of the soil cultivation disc (210).

7. soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that at least one floor treatment unit (200) has a skid-like sliding device (400), the underside of which sliding surface (410) facing the floor (500) is designed to slide along a floor surface (510).

8. soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 7,

characterized in that

one or more soil cultivation disks (210) protrude, in particular penetrate, the sliding surface (410) of the sliding device (400) by a variably adjustable working or penetration depth (x).

9. soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

At least one soil cultivation unit (200) is designed as a precutter (201) with a single rotatably mounted soil cultivation disc (210), in particular a knife disc, the soil cultivation disc (210) for cutting plant and root remains and for preparing the seed furrow (530) to be produced ) is provided with a radially extending tooth profile (232) along its outer circumferential or running surface (230).

10. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one soil cultivation unit (200) is designed as a soil loosening unit (202) with one or more knives (310) which translate for cutting plant and root residues, loosening the soil (500) and preparing the seed furrow (530) to be produced, in particular transversely, to the pulling direction or forward travel direction (Z) of the scenic tractor are movable.

11. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 7 and 10,

characterized in that the one or more knives (310) of the soil loosening unit (202) are arranged to penetrate a slot-like recess (430) of the sliding device (400), with each knife (310) preferably being assigned a respective slot-like recess (430).

12. Soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one soil cultivation unit (200) is designed as a soil loosening unit (202) with a revolving soil loosening chain (320) which is used for cutting plant and root residues, loosening the soil (500) and preparing the seed furrow (530) to be produced in the manner of a motorized chainsaw driven by an actuator and designed with a sawtooth profile.

13. furrow opener (203) for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1 and / or for connection to a sowing unit that can be towed by an agricultural tractor,

characterized in that

the furrow opener (203) is designed with two rotatably mounted soil cultivation discs (210), in particular sowing discs, the soil cultivation discs (210) enclosing an acute angle with one another for generating a seed furrow (530) in a pulling direction or forward travel direction (Z) of an agricultural tractor whose respective outer circular surfaces (221), preferably in the area of the outer disc circumference, are axially provided with loosening pins (300), which loosening pins (300) are designed to loosen the soil (500) in the area of the respective seed furrow wall (531).

14. Soil loosening unit (202) for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1 and / or for Connection to a sowing unit that can be towed by an agricultural tractor,

characterized in that

the soil loosening unit (202) is designed with one or more knives (310) which are used for cutting plant and root residues, for

Loosening of the soil (500) and, in preparation for a seed furrow (530) to be produced, can be moved translationally, in particular transversely, to a pulling direction or forward travel direction (Z) of an agricultural tractor

15. Soil loosening unit (202) for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1 and / or for connection to a sowing unit that can be towed by an agricultural tractor,

characterized in that

the soil loosening unit (202) is designed with a revolving soil loosening chain (320) which is actuated and driven in the manner of a motorized chain saw to cut plant and root residues, loosen the soil (500) and prepare a seed furrow (530) to be produced is formed with a sawtooth profile.

16. Pre-cutter (201) for connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1 and / or for connection to a sowing unit that can be towed by an agricultural tractor,

characterized in that

the pre-cutter (201) has a runner-like sliding device (400), the lower side of which, facing the floor, sliding surface (410) is designed to slide along a floor surface (510) and has a single, rotatably mounted floor cultivation disc (210), in particular a knife disc, wherein the tillage disc (210) for cutting plant and root residues and for preparing those to be produced Seed furrow (530) is provided along its outer circumferential or running surface (230) with a radially extending tooth profile (232).

17. A method for producing a soil cultivation disc (210) for a soil cultivation unit (200), in particular according to claim 13 or 16 for

Connection to a carrier device of a soil cultivation arrangement (100) according to claim 1,

characterized by the following steps:

- providing a soil cultivation disc (210) with two lateral circular surfaces (220) and a circumferential or running surface (230),

- Providing a desired number of, in particular cylindrical, loosening pins (300),

- Generating, in particular cylindrical, receiving recesses (224) on one or both circular surfaces (220) of the soil cultivation disc (210) by erosion and / or drilling processes, the circumferential shape of the generated receiving recesses (224) corresponding to the circumferential shape of the loosening pins (300) provided , and subsequently

- Joining the soil cultivation disc (210) with the loosening pins (300), the loosening pins (300) being fitted, in particular pressed, into the receiving recesses (224) with a positive, non-positive and / or frictional fit.