EP3992320A1 - Alliage cu-zn sans plomb - Google Patents

Alliage cu-zn sans plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3992320A1
EP3992320A1 EP20204628.0A EP20204628A EP3992320A1 EP 3992320 A1 EP3992320 A1 EP 3992320A1 EP 20204628 A EP20204628 A EP 20204628A EP 3992320 A1 EP3992320 A1 EP 3992320A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
max
machining
alternative
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20204628.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Björn Reetz
Tileman MÜNCH
Thomas Plett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otto Fuchs KG
Original Assignee
Otto Fuchs KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto Fuchs KG filed Critical Otto Fuchs KG
Priority to EP20204628.0A priority Critical patent/EP3992320A1/fr
Priority to US17/499,208 priority patent/US20220136086A1/en
Priority to BR102021020600-4A priority patent/BR102021020600A2/pt
Priority to CN202111245863.1A priority patent/CN114427051A/zh
Priority to KR1020210144954A priority patent/KR20220057455A/ko
Priority to JP2021177365A priority patent/JP2022074112A/ja
Publication of EP3992320A1 publication Critical patent/EP3992320A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the subject matter of the invention is a lead-free Cu-Zn alloy with better machining properties than the CuZn42 alloy.
  • the CuZn42 alloy is a very simply constructed brass alloy with a Cu content of between 57.0 and 59.0% by weight. In principle, no other elements are involved in this alloy. Pb with a maximum of 0.2% by weight, Sn with 0.03% by weight, Fe with 0.3% by weight, Ni with 0.02% by weight and Al with 0.05% by weight are tolerated % plus unavoidable impurities.
  • This alloy is a lead-free alloy that is very easy to hot-work and is used, among other things, as a semi-finished product for the manufacture of profiles. This alloy is the lead-free variant of the commonly used alloy CuZn39Pb3.
  • the element lead is used to improve machinability.
  • the CuZn42 alloy is lead-free, it is also used for machining, such as the manufacture of turned parts, due to its ⁇ / ⁇ structure.
  • the machinability of workpieces made from this alloy is limited. This means that the machining disadvantages caused by the alloy cannot be compensated for by the corresponding process parameters of a machining machine. This applies, for example, to machining processes with form tools, where the limits of the process parameters do not allow any corresponding leeway. In such cases, the machinability of such an alloy is unsatisfactory.
  • machinability for certain machining operations is acceptable for workpieces made from this alloy, it would be desirable if the machinability could be improved without the elements Pb and Bi traditionally used for free-cutting alloys to achieve the desired machinability, as they are considered hazardous to health classified, must be used.
  • a Cu-Zn alloy with improved machining properties contains 58-70% by weight Cu, 0.5-2.0% by weight Sn, 0.1-2.0% by weight Si, the remainder zinc plus unavoidable impurities, the sum of the elements Sn and Si is 1.0 wt% and 3.0 wt%.
  • the improved machinability without using the elements Pb and Bi is provided in this alloy by the contents of the elements Sn and Si. These elements are responsible for the formation of the ⁇ -phase in the specified proportion ranges, which phase is distributed in the alloy as a microstructure and thus promotes chip breaking.
  • the Si contained in the alloy also leads to the formation of silicides, specifically together with the elements Al, Ni and/or Mn permitted in the alloy, which are regularly found in the alloy due to the usual use of recycling material.
  • the Si content can be 2.0% by weight.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a lead-free CuZn alloy with improved machining properties compared to the CuZn42 alloy, which is simple in structure and does not require any special production steps to achieve the desired good machinability.
  • Unavoidable impurities are permitted at 0.05% by weight per element, the sum of the unavoidable impurities not exceeding 0.15% by weight.
  • An alloy is considered lead-free within the meaning of the claimed invention if its Pb content does not exceed a proportion of 0.1% by weight.
  • This alloy contains P, so that iron phosphides or manganese phosphides are formed depending on the configuration of the alloy within the scope of the first alternative or the second alternative.
  • the addition of phosphorus in the proportions mentioned has a positive effect on the casting, since phosphorus has a grain-refining effect. This has a positive effect on the desired improved machinability.
  • it is important that the workpieces produced from the alloy have a fine grain without the need for additional measures, such as water quenching after pressing, for example. Due to the claimed composition of the alloy, the extruded semi-finished products already have a sufficiently fine grain. In addition, the finely distributed phosphides contained in the matrix have a chip-breaking effect.
  • the chips produced when machining a workpiece made of this alloy are significantly better than those when machining the alloy CuZn42 due to their chip shape (crumbly chips or very short spiral chips) and come very close to those when machining the machining alloy CuZn39Pb3 containing lead. It is essential that, despite the addition of phosphorus to form the phosphides, the strength properties of the products made from this alloy correspond to those of the comparison alloy CuZn42. In addition to an improved With chip breaking, the surface quality is also comparable with that which is achieved with machining of the lead-containing predecessor alloy CuZn39Pb3. This can be observed surprisingly, since due to the phosphides distributed in the matrix and thus due to the more inhomogeneous matrix compared to the alloy CuZn42 and CuZn39Pb3, a lower surface quality was actually to be expected.
  • the phosphides act as recrystallization inhibitors of the structure, especially at elevated temperatures.
  • the P content is limited to 0.1% by weight. At higher P contents, the grain size of the phosphides becomes coarser. This is disadvantageous for machining, as well as for certain surface treatments such as polishing or coating. Although the wear resistance of the workpiece made from the alloy is improved by coarser phosphides, this does not compensate for the other disadvantages mentioned above. If the P content is less than 0.03% by weight, the advantageous properties described above are not established, or only to an insufficient extent.
  • the contents of the elements Fe and Mn are limited to the specified contents. If more Fe or Mn is used, this leads to grain coarsening. Below the limits mentioned, the desired phosphides are not formed to a sufficient extent to achieve the machining-improving properties.
  • Sn can be involved in the alloy and aids machinability. Sn is also advantageous in terms of melt formation. The involvement of P dilutes the melt. Sn counteracts this. In addition, Sn can have a deoxidizing effect in the melt. Sn is incorporated into the alloy only below the solubility limit in the mixed crystal. Otherwise there is a risk that a Sn-containing ⁇ -phase forms, which in turn has an embrittling effect on the alloy product. If Sn is used as an alloying element, the machinability is improved on the one hand due to the above-described effect of the phosphides and on the other hand due to the mechanism of action of Sn. Both mechanisms of action complement each other.
  • Sn also aids in dry machining through the formation of Sn oxides, which reduces tool wear as these are protectively transferred to the tool surface. If a particularly simple alloy structure is desired, the active principle that Sn favors machining can be dispensed with. In such an embodiment, Sn is not used as an alloying element, but is only tolerated in a proportion of up to 0.1% by weight.
  • recycling material can definitely be used to produce this alloy without having to accept any disadvantages. Recycling material from a preferably closed cycle is used for this purpose, i.e. the use of pure recycling material. If recycling material is used in which, with regard to its composition, for example, one or more elements are not present or do not have the appropriate contents, these elements can be entered into the recycling material. This applies in particular to the element P, which is essential to the invention and which, as a rule, is not present when conventional recycling material is used.
  • the zinc equivalent of the alloy according to the invention is between about 39 and 42, so that the alloy product has an ⁇ / ⁇ structure.
  • the zinc equivalent is typically somewhat lower compared to the CuZn42 alloy, with the result that the formation of an ⁇ -phase is favored compared to the comparison alloy. This has positive effects on the cold formability of products (workpieces) made from this alloy. This is of interest because the elements Fe and/or Fe and Mn have only reduced the zinc equivalent to such an extent that cold workability is improved, but the good hot workability known from the CuZn42 alloy is retained and the phosphides already described are also formed will.
  • a special feature of the alloy according to the invention is that the improved machinability is based solely on the special composition of the alloy and no additional measures, such as specific production or processing steps, are required for this. Therefore, the semi-finished products made from the alloy can be manufactured using the usual manufacturing processes. This also has the advantage that for the processing of the semi-finished products to produce the final product, corresponding treatment steps can be carried out to set certain strength and/or structural properties, which are therefore not yet consumed by the manufacturing process for producing the semi-finished products. In this context, it goes without saying that the improved machining properties are achieved without additional process steps, but that these can be achieved, if desired, by means of special treatment steps, such as cold working, in order to improve chip breaking and thus machinability.
  • the machining tests were carried out uniformly on all samples by external longitudinal turning at a cutting speed of 200 m/min, a cutting depth of 1 mm and a feed of 0.1 mm.
  • the chip form, the cutting force, the tool wear and the surface quality resulting from the cutting were examined.
  • a slightly higher cutting force is required for cutting the alloys according to the invention.
  • the reason for this is the phosphides contained in the alloy, which are responsible for better chip breaking and thus also for the overall improved machinability.
  • the chip shape is a relevant factor, so that the slightly higher cutting force compared to the comparison alloys can easily be accepted.
  • the alloys according to the invention have an improved tool wear index compared to the CuZn42 alloy. This was not to be expected.
  • the surface quality of the alloys according to the invention essentially corresponds to that which is achieved with the two comparison alloys, so that no disadvantages, at least no significant disadvantages, have to be accepted in this respect.
  • a semi-finished product made from the alloy can be used for a wide variety of purposes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
EP20204628.0A 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb Pending EP3992320A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20204628.0A EP3992320A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb
US17/499,208 US20220136086A1 (en) 2020-10-29 2021-10-12 Lead-free CU-Zn alloy
BR102021020600-4A BR102021020600A2 (pt) 2020-10-29 2021-10-14 Liga de cu-zn isenta de chumbo
CN202111245863.1A CN114427051A (zh) 2020-10-29 2021-10-26 无铅的Cu-Zn合金
KR1020210144954A KR20220057455A (ko) 2020-10-29 2021-10-27 무연 Cu-Zn계 합금
JP2021177365A JP2022074112A (ja) 2020-10-29 2021-10-29 鉛フリーＣｕ－Ｚｎ基合金

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20204628.0A EP3992320A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3992320A1 true EP3992320A1 (fr) 2022-05-04

Family

ID=73039855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20204628.0A Pending EP3992320A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20220136086A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3992320A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022074112A (fr)
KR (1) KR20220057455A (fr)
CN (1) CN114427051A (fr)
BR (1) BR102021020600A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4289980A1 (fr) 2022-06-09 2023-12-13 Otto Fuchs - Kommanditgesellschaft - Produit en alliage de laiton, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel produit en alliage de laiton

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS544814A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-13 Kobe Steel Ltd Copper alloy for radiator tube
JPS59153856A (ja) * 1983-02-17 1984-09-01 Nippon Mining Co Ltd 耐食性に優れた銅合金
JPH03253527A (ja) * 1990-03-01 1991-11-12 Kobe Steel Ltd ヒューズ用銅合金
JP2016194122A (ja) * 2015-04-01 2016-11-17 Ｄｏｗａメタルテック株式会社 低Ｐｂ黄銅棒材およびその製造方法
EP3690069A1 (fr) 2018-12-19 2020-08-05 Poongsan Corporation Alliage de cuivre sans plomb à décolletage auquel du plomb et du bismuth ne sont pas ajoutés

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4100583B2 (ja) * 1997-08-25 2008-06-11 中越合金鋳工株式会社 鉄系材料と高力黄銅合金を接合する方法
US20160201164A1 (en) * 2013-09-26 2016-07-14 Mitsubishi Shindoh Co, Ltd. Copper alloy
CN104668679B (zh) * 2015-01-29 2017-02-22 宁波博威麦特莱科技有限公司 低硼氧单向走丝用切割线及其制造方法
DE202016102696U1 (de) * 2016-05-20 2017-08-29 Otto Fuchs - Kommanditgesellschaft - Sondermessinglegierung sowie Sondermessinglegierungsprodukt

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS544814A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-13 Kobe Steel Ltd Copper alloy for radiator tube
JPS59153856A (ja) * 1983-02-17 1984-09-01 Nippon Mining Co Ltd 耐食性に優れた銅合金
JPH03253527A (ja) * 1990-03-01 1991-11-12 Kobe Steel Ltd ヒューズ用銅合金
JP2016194122A (ja) * 2015-04-01 2016-11-17 Ｄｏｗａメタルテック株式会社 低Ｐｂ黄銅棒材およびその製造方法
EP3690069A1 (fr) 2018-12-19 2020-08-05 Poongsan Corporation Alliage de cuivre sans plomb à décolletage auquel du plomb et du bismuth ne sont pas ajoutés

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4289980A1 (fr) 2022-06-09 2023-12-13 Otto Fuchs - Kommanditgesellschaft - Produit en alliage de laiton, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel produit en alliage de laiton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20220057455A (ko) 2022-05-09
BR102021020600A2 (pt) 2022-05-10
JP2022074112A (ja) 2022-05-17
US20220136086A1 (en) 2022-05-05
CN114427051A (zh) 2022-05-03

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