EP3983331B1 - Horizontalformer - Google Patents

Horizontalformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3983331B1
EP3983331B1 EP20735241.0A EP20735241A EP3983331B1 EP 3983331 B1 EP3983331 B1 EP 3983331B1 EP 20735241 A EP20735241 A EP 20735241A EP 3983331 B1 EP3983331 B1 EP 3983331B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor belts
station
horizontal former
mattress
feed direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20735241.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3983331A1 (de
Inventor
Claudio BRACALI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technoplants SRL
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Technoplants SRL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3983331A1 publication Critical patent/EP3983331A1/de
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Publication of EP3983331B1 publication Critical patent/EP3983331B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B68G7/00—Making upholstery
    • B68G7/02—Making upholstery from waddings, fleeces, mats, or the like
    • B68G7/04—Making upholstery from waddings, fleeces, mats, or the like by conveyor-line methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/12—Moulding of mats from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3035—Means for conditioning the material to be pressed, e.g. paper shredding means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3082—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor with compression means other than rams performing a rectilinear movement

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a horizontal former.
  • former is used to mean a machine for the formation of a mattress or panel with a variable density consisting of a large part of non-solid material in a fibrous state or in tufts and a minimum part of adhesive material designed to make the fibrous material or tufts cohesive unless the non-solid material is processed using mechanical devices such as to interlace and cross the fibres together (for example by needle punching) without the need for any adhesive material.
  • a first station for loading the material to be compacted in the form of a mattress
  • a second processing station for example comprising cylinders and lastly a pressing station for imparting a preset density and a predetermined final thickness to the mattress at the outlet.
  • the density of the mattress at the outlet, as well as the thickness are selected by the user of the machine as a function of the final application of the mattress.
  • the density will be minimum and the thickness will be high, on the contrary, if the final mattress must have minimum mechanical structural characteristics, the density will be maximum and the thickness low.
  • the pressing station generally comprises a lower feed belt and an upper opposite cylinder.
  • Both the lower belt and the upper cylinder are perforated and connected to respective suction units.
  • the lower belt and the upper cylinder are configured for counter-rotating in order to move forward the mattress being formed, keeping it pressed.
  • a horizontal former is known from US4111744A .
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a horizontal former which allows mattresses to be obtained having a large density variability and at the same time high final thicknesses.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a horizontal former which allows a single machine to obtain mattresses or panels having different thicknesses and different density, even very high.
  • a horizontal former according to the invention is described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the reference numeral 1 denotes in its entirety a horizontal former, that is to say, a machine configured for forming (or making) a mattress or panel from a plurality of non-solid materials.
  • non-solid materials solid by providing a mechanical processing such as, for example, needle punching.
  • the additive materials may be, for example, two-part components, powders or liquids which can be activated at ambient temperature or at higher temperatures.
  • a horizontal former 1 advantageously comprises in addition to the various stations which will be described below also a station for heating the mattress or panel being formed.
  • this heating station is of the hot air, steam or electrical resistors type.
  • heating station may also be located downstream of the entire horizontal former according to the invention.
  • the horizontal former 1 for forming mattresses or panels according to the invention comprises a loading station 2 having an inlet 22 and an outlet 23 for a non-solid material.
  • non-solid material means, for example, fibres derived from the recycling of fabrics, non-woven fabrics, paper, plastic or in any case fibres or waste of any material which can, by means of a shredding step, be reduced to fibres or pieces with dimensions of from 1 mm to 100 mm.
  • the loading station 2 extends longitudinally between the inlet portion 22 and the outlet portion 23 at an angle of between 25° and 75° relative to the feed and forming direction (A).
  • the angle of inclination is between 45 and 60 degrees.
  • This angle makes it possible to obtain an optimised feed of the non-solid material being processed on the former 1.
  • the former 1 also comprises a processing station 3 operatively connected to the outlet portion 23 of the loading station 2 and comprises at least a first processing cylinder 31 operating in conjunction with at least a second processing cylinder 32.
  • the first processing cylinder 31 comprises a pair of counter-rotating rollers configured to transport in an optimised fashion the material arriving from the outlet portion 23 to the second processing cylinder 32.
  • the second processing cylinder 32 that is to say, the cylinder which performs the main processing function determined as a function of the material being processed, advantageously comprises a cylinder fitted with rigid seals, slats with cylindrical tips or with segments.
  • the function of the processing station 3 is to mix and suitably intertwine in an adequate manner the fibres of the non-solid material which will form the mattress or panel.
  • the former 1 also comprises a first pressing station 4 positioned downstream of the processing station 3.
  • the first pressing station 4 comprises two first conveyor belts 41 and 42, one upper 41 and one lower 42, counter-rotating relative to each other in such a way that the frown movement corresponds to the feed direction (A).
  • the two first conveyor belts 41, 42 rotate with a first speed of rotation (v), for example driven by respective electric motors.
  • the two first conveyor belts 41, 42 are movable towards each other for pressing the mattress or panel being formed.
  • the two first belts 41, 42 can be positioned relative to each other in such a way as to form between them a portion with a cone cross-section having the tip downstream relative to the feed direction (A).
  • the upper belt 41 is movable towards and away from the lower belt 42, which, on the other hand, is fixed.
  • the first conveyor belts 41 and 42 are advantageously perforated and, therefore, permeable to the passage of air.
  • the horizontal former 1 Downstream of the first pressing station 4, the horizontal former 1 according to an embodiment comprises a second pressing station 5.
  • the second pressing station 5 is designed to end the pressing of the mattress or panel being formed to reach the thickness and the final density required during the design step.
  • the second pressing station 5 in turn comprises two second conveyor belts 51 and 52 counter-rotating along the feed direction (A) with a second speed (z).
  • the second pressing station 5 comprises an upper conveyor belt 51 and a lower conveyor belt 52.
  • the two second conveyor belts 51 and 52 are movable towards each other to complete the step of pressing the mattress or panel being formed.
  • the upper belt 51 is movable towards and away from the lower belt 52, which, on the other hand, is fixed.
  • the horizontal former 1 also comprises a suction station 6 which has two suction portions 61, 62 each of which is positioned at a respective pair of conveyor belts 41, 42, and 51, 52.
  • the horizontal former 1 also comprises a portion 64 for emitting a jet of air positioned at the second processing cylinder 32.
  • the jet of air emitted by the suction station 6 faces towards the first pressing station 4 along the feed direction A in a portion interposed between the first conveyor belts 41, 42 and is designed to optimise and facilitate the feeding of the mattress being formed along the pressing station 4.
  • the jet of air is also able to detach any fibres of non-solid material which could remain attached to the processing cylinder 32 during the processing.
  • jet of air means an emission of air having a high kinetic energy which is able to move the fibres of non-solid material and remove them from the processing cylinder 32.
  • the suction portions 61, 62 are positioned one facing the other and at the two first conveyor belts 41, 42.
  • the suction station 6 is configured for working in a closed loop; in effect, the air sucked by the suction device 65 is drawn from the first pressing station 4 by the portions 61 and 62 and the air is blown into the intermediate portion of the two first conveyor belts 41, 42.
  • a horizontal former 1 it is possible to differentiate the speed of rotation (v) and (z) respectively of the first 41, 42 and the second 51, 52 conveyor belts in such a way as to also vary the compaction, that is, density, in the mattress or panel being formed along a direction parallel to the feed direction (A).
  • the speed of rotation (z) of the second conveyor belts 51, 52 is less than that (v) of the first conveyor belts 41, 42 it is intended to create an increase in the longitudinal density (parallel to the feed direction (A) since the mattress or panel being formed is pushed by the first pressing station 4 towards the second pressing station 5 which, however, rotating or advancing at a lower speed creates a sort of obstacle to the feeding of the mattress or panel, thus increasing the overall longitudinal density.
  • a horizontal former 1 also comprises a movement device 7 for moving towards each other at least the second conveyor belts 51, 52 of the second pressing station 5 and therefore performing a vertical pressing operation, that is, substantially perpendicular to the feed direction (A).
  • the movement device 7 is operatively connected also to the first pressing station 5 and, therefore, configured for moving the upper belt 41 towards and away from the lower web 42 and therefore performing a vertical pressing operation, that is, substantially perpendicular to the feed direction (A).
  • the movement device 7 comprises electro-actuated means 71, for example a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator which is actuated under command by, for example, a respective electric motor 72.
  • the movement device 7 allowing the movement of the upper belts 41, 51 towards the lower belts 42, 52 makes it possible to obtain a pressing, that is to say, corresponding to an increase in density, of the mattress or panel being formed.
  • the movement device 7 is configured for moving at least the upper belt 41 of the first pressing station 4 in such a way that it does not maintain a position parallel to the lower belt 42, that is to say, forming an intermediate portion for passage of the mattress or panel being formed in the form of a cone, with the tip of the cone facing towards the second pressing station 5.
  • the invention brings important advantages, overcoming the limitations and drawbacks of the prior art.
  • a first important advantage consists in the fact that by means of a horizontal former 1 according to the invention it is possible to obtain mattresses or panels having a very large plurality of densities and thicknesses, in fact making the former 1 a machine which is very adaptable to the most diverse market requirements. More specifically, the horizontal former 1 according to the invention makes it possible to obtain panels having large thicknesses (for example approximately 500 mm) and at the same time significant densities (for example, 1,500 kg per cubic metre).
  • Another important advantage consists in the fact that by using a horizontal former 1 according to the invention it is possible to obtain large thicknesses and high densities in such a way as to not have to make couplings between different panels to obtain significant thicknesses.
  • a further advantage achieved by a horizontal former 1 according to the invention consists in the fact that between the loading station 2 and the final portion of the last pressing station there are no stretches of forming path having angles of less than 135°, the presence of which would adversely affect the consistency of the mattress or panel being formed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) zur Herstellung von Matratzen oder Platten, umfassend:
    - eine Zuführstation (2), die einen Einlass (22) und einen Auslass (23) für ein faseriges, nicht festes Material aufweist,
    - eine Verarbeitungsstation (3), die mit dem Auslass (23) der Zuführstation (2) wirkverbunden ist und zumindest einen ersten Verarbeitungszylinder (31) umfasst, der mit zumindest einem zweiten Verarbeitungszylinder (32) zusammenwirkt,
    - eine erste Pressstation (4), die stromabwärts von der Verarbeitungsstation (3) angeordnet ist und zwei erste Förderbänder (41, 42) umfasst, die gegenläufig entlang einer Vorschubrichtung (A) mit einer ersten Drehzahl (v) drehen, wobei die zwei ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) gegenseitig aufeinander zu bewegt werden können, um die in Herstellung befindliche Matratze oder Platte zu pressen,
    - eine Saugstation (6), aufweisend zwei Saugabschnitte (61, 62), die jeweils an einem der ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) angeordnet sind, und zumindest einen Ausgabeabschnitt (64) für einen Luftstrahl, der an dem zweiten Verarbeitungszylinder (32) angeordnet ist, um den Verarbeitungszylinder (32) zu treffen und dazu beizutragen, von diesem die Fasern aus nicht festem Material abzulösen, wobei der Luftstrahl auf die erste Pressstation (4) entlang einer Vorschubrichtung (A) in einem zwischen den ersten Förderbändern (41, 42) angeordneten Abschnitt gerichtet ist, wobei die Saugabschnitte (61, 62) einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Saugabschnitte (61, 62) dafür ausgelegt sind, die Fasern aus nicht festem Material im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Vorschubrichtung (A) auszurichten, um eine größere Ordnung in der Anordnung der Fasern und somit eine größere Dichte der in Herstellung befindlichen Matratze oder Platte zu erhalten.
  2. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend eine zweite Pressstation (5), die stromabwärts von der ersten Pressstation (4) angeordnet ist und zwei zweite Förderbänder (51 , 52) umfasst, die gegenläufig entlang der Vorschubrichtung (A) mit einer zweiten Drehzahl (z) drehen, wobei die zwei zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) gegenseitig aufeinander zu bewegt werden können, um den Schritt des Pressens der in Herstellung befindlichen Matratze oder Platte abzuschließen.
  3. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) perforiert und dafür ausgelegt sind, luftdurchlässig zu sein.
  4. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die von der Saugvorrichtung (65) angesaugte Luft von der Pressstation (4) über die Saugabschnitte (61, 62) aufgenommen und in den Abschnitt zwischen den ersten Förderbändern (41, 42) geblasen wird.
  5. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Drehzahl (v) der ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) verschieden von der zweiten Drehzahl (z) der zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) ist, um die Dichte der in Herstellung befindlichen Matratze oder Platte entlang der Vorschubrichtung (A) zu variieren.
  6. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 5, wobei die zweite Drehzahl (z) der zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) geringer ist als die erste Drehzahl (v) der ersten Förderbänder (41, 42), um die Verdichtung entlang der Vorschubrichtung (A) der in Herstellung befindlichen Matratze oder Platte zu erhöhen.
  7. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend eine Bewegungsvorrichtung (7), um die zumindest zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) aufeinander zu zu bewegen.
  8. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Bewegungsvorrichtung (7) dafür ausgelegt ist, das obere Band (41) der ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) und das obere Band (51) der zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) zu dem unteren Band (42) der ersten Förderbänder (41, 42) und dem unteren Band (52) der zweiten Förderbänder (51, 52) hin und davon weg zu bewegen.
  9. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Bewegungsvorrichtung (7) elektrisch betätigte Mittel (71) umfasst, die von einem elektrischen Motor (72) angetrieben werden.
  10. Horizontale Formmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Zuführstation (2) eine Längserstreckung aufweist, die um einen Winkel von zwischen 25° und 75° relativ zu der Vorschubrichtung (A) geneigt ist.
EP20735241.0A 2019-06-11 2020-06-10 Horizontalformer Active EP3983331B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201900008580 2019-06-11
PCT/IB2020/055439 WO2020250139A1 (en) 2019-06-11 2020-06-10 Horizontal former

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3983331A1 EP3983331A1 (de) 2022-04-20
EP3983331B1 true EP3983331B1 (de) 2024-03-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20735241.0A Active EP3983331B1 (de) 2019-06-11 2020-06-10 Horizontalformer

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EP (1) EP3983331B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2020250139A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200007649A1 (it) * 2022-04-15 2023-10-15 Technoplants S R L Macchina per la formazione di materassini o pannelli a partire da materiale non consistente
IT202200007643A1 (it) * 2022-04-15 2023-10-15 Technoplants S R L Macchina e metodo per la formazione di materassini o pannelli a partire da materiale non consistente

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3042977A (en) * 1959-03-19 1962-07-10 Union Lumber Company System for making pads from bark fibers
US4111744A (en) * 1974-03-14 1978-09-05 Reiniger Haigh M Process for producing fused cellulose products

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Publication number Publication date
WO2020250139A1 (en) 2020-12-17
EP3983331A1 (de) 2022-04-20

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