EP3976911B1 - Vehicle door device with a currentless opening function - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle door device according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a vehicle door device is made of EP 1 516 984 A2 known. The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one such vehicle door device according to claim 13.

In such a vehicle door device, the locking device is usually actuated electrically, but an emergency unlocking device is provided, which allows an emergency unlocking of the sliding door or pivoting sliding door that can be actuated without current via mechanical elements such as Bowden cables. The emergency release means that the sliding door can then be unlocked in the closed position without electrical power. Such an emergency unlocking therefore has the advantage that it can also be carried out without the presence of electrical power, which is then also the only possibility in the event of a power failure in the vehicle.

Sliding doors and pivoting sliding doors of vehicles engage in the closed position with their door edge in the door frame without a gap or have seals that engage there without a gap. In the closed state of such a sliding door or pivoting sliding door, it is therefore difficult to manually reach between the edge of the door and the door frame or between 2 doors in order to push a sliding door or pivoting sliding door that has already been unlocked in an emergency into the open position. After such an emergency unlocking of a sliding door or pivoting sliding door of a vehicle, it is therefore desirable for a gap to open up between the edge of the door and the door frame, into which one can manually intervene, in order to be able to carry out the last way of opening the sliding door or pivoting sliding door by hand.

A known possibility consists in storing potential energy in the form of potential energy or spring energy during the closing process of the sliding door or the pivoting sliding door. After an emergency release, this stored energy is then used to move the sliding door or pivoting sliding door a little way from the closed position in the direction of the open position. A further known possibility is that a mechanical device is provided which, in the event of an emergency release, not only unlocks the existing locking of the sliding door or the pivoting sliding door in the closed position, but also the sliding door or pivoting sliding door by means of a mechanical connection moved a certain way in the direction of the open position. However, these solutions are all associated with a certain design effort.

WO 2017/132762A1 discloses a door operator comprising a receiving structure having a door carriage path, a first coil assembly and a second coil assembly, both attached to the receiving structure along a common coil assembly plane and longitudinally spaced apart along the door carriage path, and a door carriage that is slidable received by the receiving structure, the door carriage having a plurality of magnets with alternating poles provided along a magnet plane which is parallel and spaced from the coil array plane, the first and second coil arrays being operable to move the door carriage between move the two ends of the rail back and forth. JP2000160937A discloses a door operator in which a door is opened by disconnecting a hanger from a starter switch and activating a linear motor to apply a thrust force to a magnet. The feed force is generated while the magnet and an electromagnet overlap, and no feed force is generated after the magnet has traversed the electromagnet.

The present invention is based on the object of further developing a vehicle door device in such a way that, with a simple structure, it allows manual opening of the sliding door or pivoting sliding door after emergency unlocking. A vehicle with such a vehicle door device is also to be made available.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 13.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is based on a vehicle door device for a vehicle, comprising at least the following: at least one sliding door that can be displaced in a displacement direction relative to a door frame having a door opening, or a pivoted sliding door that can be pivoted in a pivoting direction and displaced in a displacement direction, through which the at least one sliding door or pivoted sliding door can be turned into a the closed position closing the door opening and in an open position releasing the door opening as well as in any desired position intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position, a door guide for guiding the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door relative to the door opening, a locking device for locking the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door at least in the closed position, with an emergency unlocking device, by which the at least one in the Sliding door or pivoting sliding door locked in the closed position can be unlocked in an emergency, and an emergency opening device for at least partial emergency opening of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door in the emergency-unlocked state.

A vehicle is to be understood here as meaning any type of vehicle, i.e. track-bound vehicles (rail vehicles) and also non-track-bound vehicles, vehicles with a drive unit and towed vehicles without a drive unit such as trailers or towed wagons in rail vehicle groups.

A (pure) sliding door is known to be mounted so that it can only be displaced in one direction or along a displacement direction between the closed position and the open position, while a pivoting sliding door is first pivoted in a pivoting direction starting from the closed position and then displaced in a displacement direction until the open position is reached. Conversely, starting from the open position, a pivoting sliding door is initially displaced along the displacement direction and then pivoted in a pivoting direction in order to assume the closed position. A pivoting sliding door therefore performs a combined pivoting and sliding movement.

The preferably electrically actuated locking device locks and/or unlocks the at least one sliding door at least in the closed position, in particular it is unlocked electrically and locked by a motor or mechanically as a result of the door movement. The emergency unlocking device unlocks the at least one sliding door in an emergency, preferably without the action of electrical current, which can be done, for example, by mechanical elements that can be operated manually.

The door guide for guiding the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door along the displacement direction or along the pivoting direction is fastened, for example, to a car body of the vehicle which has the door opening.

The invention then provides that the emergency opening device contains a magnetic device that acts without current, which contains at least one first permanent magnet and at least one magnetically conductive element, and which, when the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door is in the closed position and has been unlocked in an emergency by means of the emergency unlocking device , exerts a magnetic force generated without the action of electric current on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door in such a way that the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door is pushed or pulled at least a little way from the closed position in the direction of the open position, the at least one first permanent magnet being connected to the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door and the at least one magnetically conductive element are each statically connected to the door frame or the door guide, or wherein the at least one first permanent magnet is connected to the door frame or the door guide and the at least one magnetically conductive element to the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door are each statically connected.

A magnetically conductive element is to be understood in particular as an element which consists at least partially of a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material.

As a result, no electrical current is required for the emergency opening of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door. Rather, a magnetic force ensures at least one partial opening of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door. Because the at least one first permanent magnet and also the at least one magnetically conductive element are each statically arranged on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or on the door frame or on the door guide, i.e. there is a rigid connection between the at least one first permanent magnet and also between the at least one magnetically conductive element and the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or the door frame or the door guide is present, no kinematically interacting mechanical components are present through which the at least one first Permanent magnet and/or the at least one magnetically conductive element is mounted such that it can move (linearly, rotationally) on the door frame and/or on the door guide and/or on the at least one sliding door or Schenk sliding door. This results in a structurally simple construction of the emergency opening device.

In the case of a sliding door, the magnetic force ensures that the sliding door is pulled or pushed linearly out of the closed position along the direction of displacement towards the open position. In the case of a pivoting sliding door, the magnetic force (initially) ensures that the sliding door pivots out of the closed position along the pivoting direction in the direction of the open position, because with pivoting sliding doors the first movement out of the closed position is always a pivoting movement. If necessary, the magnetic force can move the pivoting sliding door beyond the initial pivoting movement to the subsequent linear sliding movement along the sliding direction.

Advantageous developments of the invention specified in claim 1 are possible in the dependent claims.

The magnetic force is preferably generated by the interaction between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element located at least in the closed position in the magnetic flux of the at least one first permanent magnet.

The magnetic force is, for example, a magnetic reluctance force which acts between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element in such a way that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element is reduced if at least one door or sliding door moves from the closed position towards the open position.

In a particularly preferable manner, the magnetic force acts as a magnetic force of attraction between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element, with the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element in the closed position of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door and in the direction of displacement of the at least one sliding door or in the pivoting direction of the at least one pivoting sliding door are offset relative to one another in such a way that in the emergency unlocked state the magnetic attraction force pulls the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door from the closed position at least a little, namely in particular by the offset in towards the open position.

1. a) der wenigstens eine erste Permanentmagnet an der wenigstens einen Schiebetüre oder Schwenkschiebetüre statisch angeordnet oder mit dieser statisch verbunden ist, wobei in Verschieberichtung gesehen von dem Türrahmen oder von der Türführung oder von einem an dem Türrahmen oder an der Türführung befestigten ersten Element ein erster Abschnitt eine höhere magnetische Leitfähigkeit aufweist als ein zweiter Abschnitt, oder dass
2. b) der wenigstens eine erste Permanentmagnet an dem Türrahmen oder an der Türführung angeordnet oder mit diesem bzw. mit dieser statisch verbunden ist, wobei in Verschieberichtung gesehen von der wenigstens einen Schiebetüre oder Schwenkschiebetüre oder von einem an der Schiebetüre oder Schwenkschiebetüre befestigten zweiten Element ein erster Abschnitt eine höhere magnetische Leitfähigkeit aufweist als ein zweiter Abschnitt,
3. c) wobei der zweite Abschnitt in der Schließstellung sich wenigstens teilweise mit dem wenigstens einen ersten Permanentmagneten überdeckt und der erste Abschnitt in Verschieberichtung oder Schwenkrichtung gesehen in Richtung der Öffnungsstellung um den Versatz derart versetzt angeordnet ist, dass zwischen dem ersten Abschnitt und dem wenigstens einen ersten Permanentmagneten eine magnetische Anziehungskraft entsteht, welche die wenigstens eine Schiebetüre oder Schwenkschiebetüre um den Versatz in die Öffnungsstellung zieht.

According to a further development it can be provided that

1. a) the at least one first permanent magnet is statically arranged on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or is statically connected to it, with a first section being viewed in the direction of displacement from the door frame or from the door guide or from a first element fastened to the door frame or to the door guide has a higher magnetic conductivity than a second section, or that
2. b) the at least one first permanent magnet is arranged on the door frame or on the door guide or is statically connected to it or to it, wherein, seen in the direction of displacement, a first element of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or of a second element attached to the sliding door or pivoting sliding door Section has a higher magnetic conductivity than a second section,
3. c) wherein the second section in the closed position at least partially overlaps with the at least one first permanent magnet and the first section, viewed in the direction of displacement or pivoting direction, is arranged offset in the direction of the open position by the offset such that between the first section and the at least one first Permanent magnets, a magnetic force of attraction arises, which pulls the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door to the offset into the open position.

The first section then forms the more magnetically conductive section compared to the second section.

The difference in magnetic conductivity between the first section and the second section may be due to a different volume, area, mass of magnetically conductive Material and / or a different magnetic air gap can be generated in relation to the at least one first permanent magnet.

In particular, there can be a different distance d between the at least one first permanent magnet and the first section on the one hand and the second section on the other in a plane perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the at least one door/pivoting sliding door, which is then in an overlapping position between the at least one first permanent magnet and the first section or between the at least one first permanent magnet and the second section forms a magnetic air gap of different size in each case. For example, the first section then protrudes beyond the second section in the plane seen perpendicularly to the displacement direction of the at least one door/pivoting sliding door and is directed towards the at least one first permanent magnet. A magnetic attraction force is then also generated between the at least one permanent magnet and the first section, because in a first overlapping position of the at least one permanent magnet with the first section, a first magnetic air gap is smaller than a second magnetic air gap, which is in a second overlapping position of the at least forming a permanent magnet with the second section.

The second section can also have at least one recess or a through opening in a magnetically conductive material of a wall of the door frame or the door guide or of the first element arranged on the door frame or on the door guide, or a wall of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or of the at least one have a sliding door or pivoting sliding door arranged second element.

Furthermore, the first section can have at least one local accumulation of magnetically conductive material on a wall of the door frame or the door guide or on a first element arranged on the door frame or on the door guide, or on a wall of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or on one of the have at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door arranged second element. Local accumulation of magnetically conductive material means that there is a larger mass, a larger volume or area of magnetically conductive material than in areas adjacent to the local cluster.

The first element and/or the second element (can) be fastened in any way and direction on the door frame or on the door guide or on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door.

The at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element can also be brought into at least partial overlap, preferably in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the at least one sliding door, in the closed position or in an intermediate position of the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door. In this at least partial overlapping, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element can then be minimal, for example.

The distance between the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one magnetically conductive element can also be seen in the plane perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the at least one door or pivoting sliding door, which then has an air gap in an overlapping position of the at least one first permanent magnet with the at least one magnetically conductive element formed, be different on the one hand in the closed position and on the other hand in an intermediate position of the at least one door arranged adjacent to the closed position. In particular, this distance can be smaller in the intermediate position than in the closed position, so that in the emergency unlocked state a magnetic attraction pulls the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door from the closed position in the direction of the intermediate position.

The at least one magnetically conductive element can also be formed by at least one second permanent magnet.

According to a further development of this measure, the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one second permanent magnet can then be arranged on the door frame or on the door guide and on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or connected to these assemblies such that opposite poles of the first and second permanent magnets (between north pole and south pole) a magnetic attraction acts, which the pulls at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door in the emergency unlocked state at least a little in the direction of the open position.

Alternatively, if the at least one magnetically conductive element is formed by a second permanent magnet, then the at least one first permanent magnet and the at least one second permanent magnet can be arranged on the door frame or on the door guide and on the at least one sliding door or pivoting sliding door or with them Assemblies that between poles of the same name of the first and second permanent magnets (i.e. between the north pole and north pole or between the south pole and south pole) a magnetic repulsion force acts, which pushes the at least one sliding door a little in the direction of the open position in the emergency unlocked state.

The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having at least one vehicle door device as described above.

drawing

Fig.1

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Fahrzeugtürvorrichtung gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einer Schiebetüre in Schließstellung;

Fig.2

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie II von Fig.1;

Fig.3

eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Fahrzeugtürvorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit der Schiebetüre in Schließstellung;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Fahrzeugtürvörrichtung von Fig. 3 mit der Schiebetüre in einer ein Stück weit geöffneten Zwischenstellung zwischen der Schließstellung und der Offenstellung;

Fig. 5

eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Fahrzeugtürvorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit der Schiebetüre in Schließstellung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. In the drawing shows

Fig.1

a schematic side view of a vehicle door device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention with a sliding door in the closed position;

Fig.2

a sectional view along the line II of Fig.1 ;

Fig.3

a sectional view through a vehicle door device according to a further embodiment of the invention with the sliding door in the closed position;

4

a perspective view of the vehicle door device of FIG 3 with the sliding door in a slightly open intermediate position between the closed position and the open position;

figure 5

a sectional view through a vehicle door device according to a further embodiment of the invention with the sliding door in the closed position.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

In Fig.1 1 is a schematic side view of a sliding door device 1 of a rail vehicle as a preferred embodiment of a vehicle door device of the invention. The sliding door device 1 is preferably designed here as a single leaf with only one door leaf or only one sliding door 2 . Alternatively, the invention can also be used in a multi-leaf and in particular two-leaf sliding door device with two sliding doors.

Here, the sliding door device 1 has a door frame 6 having a door opening 4 in a direction indicated by the dashed line in 1 Drawn double arrow 8 symbolized displacement sliding sliding door 2 on. In addition, the sliding door device 1 comprises an electric drive device, not shown here for reasons of clarity, for example, by means of which the sliding door 2 can be moved into a closed position that closes the door opening 4 and into an open position that releases the door opening 4, as well as into any intermediate positions between the closed position and the open position.

Furthermore, the sliding door device 1 also includes, for example, an electrical locking device 10 for locking the sliding door 2 at least in the closed position, with an emergency unlocking device 12, through which the at least one locked in the closed position sliding door 2 can be unlocked in an emergency. The emergency release device 12 can preferably be actuated purely mechanically, for example via a manually operated cable pull mechanism, so that no electricity is required for the emergency release. In the embodiment shown, in the closed position ( 1 ) a first vertical edge of the sliding door or a closing edge 14 of the sliding door 2 with a first vertical frame part 16 of the door frame 6 in contact. In the closed position, the second vertical sliding door edge 18 covers a second vertical frame part 20 of the door frame 6, which in 1 is drawn in dashed lines, so that the door opening 4 between the two vertical frame parts 16, 20 and not shown here horizontal frame parts of the door frame 6 is then completely closed.

The sliding door 1 is slidably mounted on a door guide 22 in the direction of displacement 8, with the door guide 22 being, for example, an upper support plate 24 includes, which is held on a car body 26 of the rail vehicle. Furthermore, the upper support plate 24 is arranged parallel to an upper horizontal frame part of the door frame 6 . In addition to the upper support plate 24, the door guide 22 can have further support elements, through which the sliding door 2 is displaceably mounted on the car body 26.

Last but not least, an emergency opening device is provided for at least partial emergency opening of the sliding door in the emergency unlocked state. This includes a de-energized magnetic device 28, which, when the sliding door 2 is in 1 is in the closed position shown and has been emergency unlocked by means of the emergency unlocking device 12, exerts a magnetic force generated without the action of electric current on the sliding door 2 in such a way that the sliding door 2 is pushed or pulled at least a little from the closed position in the direction of the open position.

In the embodiment of 1 the magnetic device 28 includes a first permanent magnet 30 and a magnetically conductive element 30, the first permanent magnet 30 being fixed statically to the sliding door 2, for example, and the magnetically conductive element 32 to the door guide 22, for example. However, the reverse arrangement of the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 is also conceivable, so that the first permanent magnet 30 is then statically fastened to the door guide 22 and the magnetically conductive element 32 is statically fastened to the sliding door 2 .

The upper support plate 24, which here forms at least part of the door guide 22, has, for example, an approximately Z-shaped cross section, with a first leg 34 of the support plate 24 running in a horizontal plane forming a flat track roller track for track rollers 36, which on connecting parts 38 rotate about axes of rotation 40 are held rotatably, which are aligned perpendicular to the sliding door 2 level. The connecting parts 38 connect the rollers 36 to the sliding door 2 so that the sliding door 2 can be slid or rolled over the rollers 36 in the displacement direction 8 relative to the door frame 6 and along the support plate 24 . Alternatively, the door guide 22 can also be designed as a recirculating ball guide. Furthermore, the upper support plate 24 can also have a U-shaped cross section.

A second leg 42 of the carrier plate 24, which is approximately vertically aligned in the position of use, carries the magnetically conductive element 32, in particular in the form of a cubic body, for example, which consists of magnetically conductive ferromagnetic material. The third leg 44 of the carrier plate 24 is connected to the car body 26 of the rail vehicle. Because of its relatively small wall thickness, the carrier plate 24 itself is less magnetically conductive than the magnetically conductive element 32 . The magnetically conductive element 32 thus forms a kind of "pile" of magnetically conductive material opposite the carrier plate 24. In particular, the magnetically conductive element 32 forms part of the carrier plate 42 and consists of the same magnetically conductive ferromagnetic material as this.

In the present example, two rollers 36, each with a connecting part 38, are connected at the ends, d. H. in the area of the two vertical edges 14, 18 of the sliding door. On the roller 36, which faces the vertical first frame part 16 of the door frame 6, on which a frame-side part of the locking device 10 is formed, there is a support part 46, for example opposite the connecting part 38, which is connected to the connecting part 38 and thus also to the Sliding door 2 is connected. The roller 36 is then rotatively mounted, for example, on the connecting part 38 and the supporting part 46 . The support part 46 carries the first permanent magnet 30 here, for example. Viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the sliding door 2, the first permanent magnet 30 attached to the sliding door 2 covers the magnetically conductive element 32 attached to the carrier plate 24 in an intermediate position between the closed position and the open position the sliding door 2. In this intermediate position, the sliding door 2 is then opened wide by an offset X.

in the in 1 In the closed position of the sliding door 2 shown, however, seen in the direction of displacement 8 of the sliding door 2, the first permanent magnet 30 connected to the sliding door 2 is offset by the offset X in relation to the magnetically conductive element 32 on the carrier plate 24, with the offset X of the magnetically conductive element 32 starting extends from the first permanent magnet 30 in the direction of the open position.

In the following, the case is assumed that a power failure has occurred on the rail vehicle and then the sliding door 2 cannot be unlocked in the closed position as usual by electrically actuating the locking device 10 in order to then be brought into the open position by the drive device. Instead, the emergency unlocking device 12, which can also be operated without current, is then used to unlock the sliding door that is in the closed position.

In the closed position of the emergency unlocked sliding door 2, a magnetic force in the form of a magnetic reluctance force 48 acts between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 in such a way or in such a direction that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 is reduced. Consequently, in the example described here, the magnetic reluctance force 48 acts in the form of an attractive force between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32, which is arranged offset in the displacement direction by the offset X, because here, for example, the carrier plate 24 has a significant has lower magnetic conductivity and the magnetic reluctance force 48 now attempts to reduce the magnetic resistance by moving the first permanent magnet 30 towards the magnetically conductive element 32 .

In addition, the reluctance force 48 arises because the magnetically conductive element 32 is arranged above on the carrier plate in the direction of the first permanent magnet 30 and then, as shown in FIG 2 It is easy to imagine that the distance d between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 in the overlapping position becomes minimal between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 in the plane perpendicular to the displacement direction of the door 2. This distance d forms a magnetic air gap between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32. In the overlapping position of the first permanent magnet 30 with the magnetically conductive element 32, the magnetic air gap is then smaller than in non-overlapping positions that deviate from it and in particular in the Closed position, so that the magnetic resistance is lowest and the magnetic conductivity is highest in the overlapping position.

The magnetic reluctance force 48 acting on the sliding door 2 is in 1 symbolized by the arrow drawn in solid line. The magnetic reluctance force 48 then moves the emergency unlocked sliding door 2 in the opening direction until the first permanent magnet 30 on the sliding door 2 overlaps the magnetically conductive element 32 on the carrier plate 24 of the door guide 22, with the magnetic resistance in the direction of displacement 8 being minimal in this position and then, at least in the displacement direction 8, no more magnetic reluctance force 48 acts.

The offset X between the first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 in the direction of displacement corresponds to a desired gap between the first vertical frame part 16 of the door frame 6 and the first vertical sliding door edge 14, which gap is created by the magnetic reluctance force 48 in the overlapping position between the first permanent magnet 30 and magnetically conductive element 32 comes about. The position of the sliding door 2 then corresponds to an intermediate position between the closed position and the open position. This gap allows a person to reach into the gap with their fingers and then manually move the sliding door 2 from the intermediate position into the open position in order to be able to get out of the rail vehicle, for example. Since the drive device is not able to muster any counteracting forces in the case of the power failure assumed here, this can be accomplished without great effort.

The difference of the further embodiment of 3 and 4 to the embodiment of 1 and 2 is that the magnetically conductive element 32 attached to the carrier plate 24 is formed by a second permanent magnet, which then also has an offset X in the closed position of the sliding door 2 in relation to the first permanent magnet 30, which is attached to the sliding door 2. The polarization of the first permanent magnet 30 and the second permanent magnet 32 is then such that in 4 shown overlap position opposite poles (north pole and south pole) opposite, so that in the closed position a magnetic attraction acts as a reluctance force 48 between the two permanent magnets 30, 32, which pull the sliding door 2 in the emergency unlocked state by the offset X in the direction of the open position.

figure 5 shows a sectional view through a sliding door device 1 according to a further embodiment, wherein the sliding door 2 is in the closed position. In this embodiment, the sliding door 2 also carries the first permanent magnet 30. In the closed position, opposite the first permanent magnet 30, a local passage opening 50 is formed in the wall of the second leg 42 of the carrier plate 24. Consequently, in the closed position, the first permanent magnet 30 almost overlaps with this through-opening 50, with the magnetic resistance being relatively large. To reduce the magnetic resistance, a magnetic reluctance force 48 now arises, which tries to pull the first permanent magnet 30 together with the sliding door 2 in the direction of higher magnetic conductivity. However, since the carrier plate 24 is, for example, magnetically conductive, the reluctance force 48 acts in the direction of displacement 8 towards the edge of the through-opening 50 in the carrier plate 24 and therefore in the opening direction of the sliding door 2 In the closed position relative to the first permanent magnet 30, the first section of the carrier plate 24, which is offset by the offset X, creates an "accumulation" of magnetically conductive material compared to a second section of the carrier plate, which is then formed by the through-opening 50, which in contrast has no or very little magnetic conductivity (Air) has what a "reduction" of magnetically conductive material in the area of the through opening 50 corresponds.

The magnetic reluctance force 48, which moves the sliding door in the direction of the open position, is therefore based on a difference in the magnetic conductivity between the first section of the carrier plate 24 in the form of the unperforated wall of the carrier plate 24 and the second section of the carrier plate 24 in the form of the through opening 50 of the support plate 24, wherein seen in the direction of displacement 8 in the closed position, the first and second sections are arranged one behind the other and offset by the offset X against each other are. The difference in the magnetic conductivity between the first section and the second section of the carrier plate 24 can therefore be produced by a different volume, a different area, a different mass of magnetically conductive material and/or by a different magnetic air gap d.

According to a further exemplary embodiment not shown here, the magnetically conductive element 32 is also formed by a second permanent magnet, which is in turn fastened to the carrier plate 24, for example. The first permanent magnet 30 is also attached to the sliding door 2 again, with the first permanent magnet 30 and the second permanent magnet 32 overlapping in the closed position of the sliding door 2, but poles of the same name then face each other, i.e. north pole and north pole or south pole and south pole. Consequently, in the closed position of the sliding door 2, a magnetic repulsive force acts between these poles of the same name, which then pushes the sliding door 2 a little in the direction of the open position in the emergency unlocked state.

Instead of being attached to the carrier plate 24 or the door guide 22, the magnetically conductive element 32 or the second permanent magnet 32 could also be attached to the door frame 6 in such a way that a magnetic reluctance force 48 is generated in the form of a magnetic attraction or repulsion force, which the sliding door 2 pulls or pushes at least a little way from the closed position into the open position.

Furthermore, it does not matter whether the first permanent magnet 30 is statically connected to the sliding door 2 and the magnetically conductive element 32 or the second permanent magnet 32 to the door frame 6 or the door guide 22. The relationships can also be reversed.

The above-described principle of an emergency opening of a sliding door 2 of a sliding door device 1 with the aid of a magnetic reluctance force 48 can easily be transferred to a pivoting sliding door device with at least one pivoting sliding door, the only difference being that a pivoting sliding door initially executes a pivoting movement starting from the closed position, which then later turns into a pure displacement movement. The first permanent magnet 30 and the magnetically conductive element 32 are then to be arranged accordingly so that the direction of the magnetic force or the reluctance force 48 acts in the pivoting direction in order to achieve the desired partial opening of such a pivoting sliding door.

Reference List

1

sliding door device

2

sliding door

4

doorway

6

door frame

8th

shift direction

10

locking device

12

emergency release device

14

first vertical sliding door edge

16

first vertical frame part

18

second vertical sliding door edge

20

second vertical frame part

22

door guide

24

upper support plate

26

car body

28

magnetic device

30

first permanent magnet

32

magnetically conductive element

34

first leg

36

casters

38

connection part

40

axis of rotation

42

second leg

44

third leg

46

carrying part

48

reluctance force

50

passage opening

X

offset

Claims (13)

1. Vehicle door device (1), comprising at least the following:

   a) at least one sliding door (2) displaceable in a displacement direction (8) with respect to a door frame (6) having a door opening (4) or at least one sliding plug door pivotable in a pivoting direction and displaceable in a displacement direction,

   b) a drive device whereby the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door can be moved into a closing position closing the door opening (4) and into an opening position releasing the door opening (4) as well as into any intermediate positions between the closing position and the opening position,

   c) a door guide (22, 24) for guiding the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door relative to the door opening (4),

   d) a locking device (10) for locking the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door at least in the closing position, with an emergency unlocking device (12) whereby the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door locked in the closing position can be emergency-unlocked,

   e) an emergency opening device for at least partially opening the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door in the emergency-unlocked state, characterised in that

   f) the emergency opening device includes a magnet device (28) acting in a currentless manner, which comprises at least one first permanent magnet (30) and at least one magnetically conductive element (32) and which, if the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door is in the closing position and has been emergency-unlocked by means of the emergency unlocking device (12), applies a magnetic force (48) generated without the influence of electric current to the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door in such a way that the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door is pushed or pulled from the closing position at least to a certain extent towards the opening position, wherein

   g) the at least one first permanent magnet (30) is statically connected to the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) is statically connected to the door frame (6) or the door opening (22, 24), or wherein

   h) the at least one first permanent magnet (30) is statically connected to the door frame (6) or the door opening (22, 24) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) is statically connected to the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door.
2. Vehicle door device according to claim 1, characterised in that the magnetic force (48) is generated by the interaction between the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32), which is at least in the closing position in the magnetic flux of the at least one first permanent magnet (30).
3. Vehicle door device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the magnetic force (48) is a magnetic reluctance force which acts between the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) in such a way that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux between the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) is reduced if the at least one door (2) or sliding plug door moves from the closing position towards the opening position.
4. Vehicle door device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the magnetic force (48) acts as magnetic force of attraction between the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32), wherein the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) are, if viewed in the closing position of the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door and in the displacement direction (8) of the at least one sliding door (2) or in the pivoting direction of the at least one sliding plug door, offset relative to each other by an offset (X) in such a way that in the emergency-unlocked state the magnetic force of attraction pulls the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door from the closing position towards the opening position by the offset (X).
5. Vehicle door device according to claim 4, characterised in that

   a) the at least one first permanent magnet (30) is connected at the at least one sliding door (2), wherein, if viewed in the displacement direction (8) or the pivoting direction, a first section of the door frame (6) or of the door guide (22, 24) or of a first element fixed to the door frame (6) or to the door guide (22, 24) has a higher magnetic conductivity than a second section, or in that

   b) the at least one first permanent magnet (30) is statically connected to the door frame (6) or to the door guide (22, 24), wherein, if viewed in the displacement direction (8) or the pivoting direction, a first section of the at least one sliding door (2) or of a second element fixed to the sliding door or sliding plug door has a higher magnetic conductivity than a second section,

   c) wherein the second section overlaps at least partially the at least one first permanent magnet (30) in the closing position and the first section, if viewed in the displacement direction (8) or the pivoting direction, is offset by the offset (X) towards the opening position in such a way that a magnetic force of attraction (48) arises between the first section and the at least one first permanent magnet (30), which force pulls the at least one sliding door (2) into the opening position by the offset (X).
6. Vehicle door device according to claim 5, characterised in that the difference in the magnetic force of attraction between the first section and the second section is generated by a different volume, a different area, a different mass of magnetically conductive material and/or a different magnetic air gap (d) with respect to the at least one first permanent magnet (30).
7. Vehicle door device according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the second section has at least one recess or through-opening (50) in a magnetically conductive material of a wall of the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) or of the first element located at the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) or of a wall of the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door or of the second element located at the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door.
8. Vehicle door device according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the first section has at least one local accumulation of electrically conductive material at a wall of the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) or at the first element located at the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) or at a wall of the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door or at the second element located at the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door.
9. Vehicle door device according to any of claims 5 to 8, characterised in that the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one magnetically conductive element (32), if viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door, can be brought into at least partial overlap in the closing position or in an intermediate position of the at least one sliding door.
10. Vehicle door device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) is represented by at least one second permanent magnet.
11. Vehicle door device according to claim 10, characterised in that the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one second permanent magnet (32) are connected to the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) and to the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door in such a way that a magnetic force of attraction (48) which pulls the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door at least to a certain extent towards the opening position in the emergency-unlocked state acts between opposite poles of the first and second permanent magnets (30, 32) (between north pole and south pole).
12. Vehicle door device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the at least one magnetically conductive element (32) is represented by the second permanent magnet, wherein the at least one first permanent magnet (30) and the at least one second permanent magnet (32) are connected to the door frame (6) or the door guide (22, 24) and to the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door in such a way that a magnetic repelling force (48) which pushes the at least one sliding door (2) or sliding plug door to a certain extent towards the opening position in the emergency-unlocked state acts between like poles of the first and second permanent magnets (30, 32) (i.e. between north pole and north pole or between south pole and south pole).
13. Vehicle, in particular rail vehicle, having at least one vehicle door device (1) according to any of the preceding claims.

Images