EP3972830A1

EP3972830A1 - Laminated composite for transparent diffuse reflection elements

Info

Publication number: EP3972830A1
Application number: EP20725711.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Antoine Diguet; Daniele Costantini; Jean-Baptiste LAUDEREAU
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS; Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS; Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date: 2019-05-23
Filing date: 2020-05-14
Publication date: 2022-03-30
Also published as: KR20220036913A; CN112292262B; JP2022533435A; FR3096303A1; WO2020234127A1; CN112292262A; FR3096303B1; US20220221626A1; US12117626B2

Abstract

The invention concerns a laminated composite for obtaining elements with a transparent diffuse reflection layer capable of being used in aesthetic and/or anti-reflective glazing, or even in transparent projection screens. The laminated composite comprises an organic polymer support, a dielectric layer and a first transparent organic polymer substrate. The dielectric layer is disposed between the support and the substrate. The dielectric layer has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the first substrate. The adhesion energy between the dielectric layer and support is less than the adhesion energy between the dielectric layer and the substrate. The invention also relates to a method for producing an element having a diffuse reflection transparent layer from said laminated composite.

Description

Title: Laminated composite for transparent diffuse reflection elements

The invention relates to a laminated composite for obtaining

elements with a transparent layer with diffuse reflection capable of being used in aesthetic and / or anti-reflective glazing, or even in transparent projection screens.

[0002] Examples of the application of diffuse reflection are glazing

facade of building, street furniture or vehicle where it is used to provide them with certain aesthetic or anti-reflective effects. In facade glazing, diffuse reflection makes it possible in particular to reduce the risk of dazzling caused by the reflection of light from vehicle headlights on the facades. Driver safety and comfort are therefore improved.

[0003] Another example of the application of diffuse reflection is the glazing used in transparent projection screens. These transparent projection screens make it possible to superimpose a display of information in the field of vision of an operator on an environment which he observes through these screens. They are generally in the form of diffuse reflection glazing. In vehicles, they are known in particular in the form of head-up points (HUD or Head-Up Display) which allow the driver to view information such as, for example, the speed of the vehicle or the directions of a route to follow. , directly on a windshield, without having to take your eyes off it. They can also be used, in public or private spaces, for displaying information with aesthetic effects of transparency.

[0004] One technology on which these glazings are based consists

generally in certain elements comprising a rough or textured interface disposed between two transparent substrates of substantially similar refractive index. A reflective layer or a layer of refraction index higher than those of the two transparent substrates may optionally be placed at the interface. Diffuse reflection is caused by the combination of texture and the change in refractive index at the interface between the two transparent substrates.

[0005] A projection screen comprising such a glazing operates as follows. When a bright image is projected onto the screen surface, some of the light is transmitted through the screen while another is reflected by the rough or textured interface. The reflected light forms the image which is superimposed on the observed environment in the observer's field of vision. To obtain such an effect, it is necessary that the glazing has a high level of transparency so that an observer can see through it, and a level of diffuse reflection sufficient to allow the projected image to be displayed. A level of clarity or transparency of at least 95% and a level of haze of less than 20%, or even 10%, is generally sought for these glazings.

[0006] Patent application WO 2012104547 A1 describes a diffuse reflection transparent layer element comprising two transparent substrates, organic or inorganic, of substantially similar refractive indices between which is arranged a dielectric layer of higher refractive index than those of said substrates. Each surface between two adjacent layers are textured and parallel to each other.

[0007] Patent application WO 03074270 A2 also describes a transparent layer element with diffuse reflection. It is quite similar to the previous one. However, the dielectric layer is replaced by a metal layer and is disposed between the two substrates.

[0008] Other examples of diffuse-reflecting transparent layer elements are described in applications WO 2014135892 A1, JP2016009271 and JP2012003027A.

[0009] These layered elements of the state of the art have several drawbacks.

First of all, the texturing of the surfaces requires operations

specific surface treatment which must be carried out upstream of the assembly process. For example, in the case of a mineral glass substrate, these operations are generally operations of chemical attack or hot embossing by rolling. In the case of substrates organic, these operations are generally hot or cold embossing operations. These additional operations can complicate existing assembly processes and increase production costs.

Some substrates are unsuitable for depositing dielectric layers on their surfaces either because of chemical incompatibility between the materials of the substrates and the materials of the dielectric layers, or because of incompatibility with the methods of depositing the dielectric layers, or again for all of these reasons combined. On the contrary, sometimes, although suitable for the deposition of dielectric layers, they are not suitable for the intended application for the transparent diffuse reflection layer element. It is also possible to combine a first substrate suitable for deposition with a second substrate not suitable for deposition in order to provide a function to the second substrate. In this case, it happens that the first substrate generates problems of mechanical strength and / or of chemical durability.

[0012] For example, in the case of laminated glazing, the substrates based on PET and PMMA are suitable for depositing a dielectric layer by cathode sputtering. However, their mechanical and chemical properties sometimes make them unsuitable for laminating laminated glazing. They can react with the other organic layers used or even have an inappropriate thermomechanical behavior for the rolling process. For example, defects in the form of wrinkles may appear during the shaping of the glazing. As for the PVB-based materials, regularly used in laminated glazing, only some of them are compatible with the compositions and processes for depositing dielectric layers.

[0013] The number of combinations between compositions of substrates and

The composition of dielectric layers is therefore limited for obtaining elements with transparent diffuse reflection layers depending on the desired application.

[0014] There are also methods of transferring dielectric layers between substrates. An example is that described in US patent 6365284 B1. This is a process for transferring a dielectric layer from a PET substrate to a smooth, non-textured surface of a PVB substrate, to form a transparent layered element without

totally geometric defects of the wrinkles or orange peel type at the interfaces. This method does not make it possible to form a transparent layered element comprising an interface with diffuse reflection properties.

[0015] There is therefore a need for a flexible solution to benefit from

technical advantages of any substrate suitable for the deposition of dielectric layers whatever the desired application for the diffuse reflection transparent layer element obtainable. Such a solution would also make it possible to avoid a design of manufacturing processes dedicated to certain elements of transparent layers with diffuse reflection, or even to avoid a significant modification of the existing processes when a change of transparent substrate or of dielectric layer is required. in said layered elements.

[0016] The present invention makes it possible to satisfy this need. It relates to a laminated composite which can be used to obtain transparent elements with diffuse reflection. It also relates to a process for manufacturing such a laminated composite as well as to a process for manufacturing a lamination interlayer for glazing using such a laminated composite.

[0017] In the context of the invention, it makes use of the following definitions.

It is considered that a dielectric layer is a layer whose

electrical conductivity is low, typically less than 100 S / m.

It is understood that two layers have different refractive indices if the absolute value of the difference in their refractive index at 550 nm is greater than 0.15.

When it is applied to a layer, a substrate or a glazing, it is

considered by the term "transparent", a layer, a substrate or a glazing through which or through which at least part of the

electromagnetic radiation is transmitted in a useful range of wavelengths for the intended application so that an object can be distinctly discerned through said element in said useful range of wavelengths.

[0021] For a given range of wavelengths of radiation

electromagnetic, a level of transparency or clarity of a layer, a substrate or a glazing can be defined in the form of an intensity ratio calculated according to the following steps:

(a) calculating the difference between

- the intensity of the radiation transmitted through said layer in a given direction in a first solid angle defined by a first cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and whose apex half-angle is less than 0, 7 °, the apex of said first cone being placed on the surface of said layer through which electromagnetic radiation is transmitted, and

- the intensity of the radiation transmitted in a second solid angle defined by a second cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and whose apex half-angle is between 0.7 ° and 2 °, the apex of said second cone coinciding with the top of the first cone,

(b) calculating the ratio of the difference obtained in step (a) over the total intensity of the electromagnetic radiation transmitted in the entirety of the solid angle defined by the cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and whose apex half-angle is between 0 ° and 2 °.

A layer is generally qualified as transparent when this ratio is at least equal to 0.8, or even 0.9.

[0023] It is understood by textured face or textured surface, a face or a

a surface whose geometric dimensions of its relief are greater than the wavelengths of the useful range of wavelengths of the radiation incident on said surface. In general, and without limitation, a typical example of a textured surface is a so-called rough surface, the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the heights and depths of its relief profile with respect to the median plane of said relief is between 1 μm and 1. mm. Alternatively, the texture of a surface can also be defined as a surface roughness characterized by a parameter Rz measured according to the ISO 4287: 1997 standard and whose value is between 1 pm and 1 mm.

It is considered by energy of adhesion between two faces or two surfaces, the energy necessary for the separation of said faces or surfaces when they adhere together by contact due to any physicochemical phenomenon of adhesion. The adhesion, or force of adhesion, corresponds to the force necessary to achieve this separation.

It is understood by "fuzzy" or "haze" level, the proportion of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a material, and whose dispersion angle is greater than 2.5 ° relative to the direction

incidence of said radiation. This definition corresponds to those of the ISO 14782 and ASTM D1003 standards.

The expression "based on", used to qualify a material or a

layer as to what he or she contains, means that the mass fraction of the constituent he or she comprises is at least 50%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 90%.

By the term "light" and the qualifier "bright", it is understood the

electromagnetic radiation of the spectrum domain

electromagnetic corresponding to the field of visible light, that is to say whose wavelength is between 380 nm and 800 nm.

The light transmission and the light reflection are defined, measured and calculated in accordance with standards EN 410 and ISO 9050. The color is measured in the L * a * b * CIE 1976 chromatic space according to the ISO 11664 standard with a D65 illuminant and a field of view of 2 ° for the reference observer.

It is considered by proportion of "diffuse light", the proportion of

light reflected from the surface of a material, the angular dispersion of which is greater than 2.5 ° from the direction of the incident light.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, it is

now described and illustrated with reference to the elements of the drawings in their various views.

[0031] [Fig. 1] is a schematic representation of a laminated composite according to the invention. [0032] [Fig. 2] is a schematic representation of a process for manufacturing a laminated composite according to the invention.

[0033] [Fig. 3] is a schematic representation of a method of manufacturing a diffuse reflection transparent layer element from a laminated composite according to the invention.

The invention, illustrated by the drawing of Figure 1, relates to a laminated composite 1000 comprising:

an organic polymeric support 1001 comprising an edge 1001c, a first main face 1001a and a second main face 1001b;

a dielectric layer 1002 comprising a first main face 1002a and a second main face 1002b;

a first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 comprising an edge 1003c, a first main face 1003a and a second main face 1003b;

in which :

the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 is in contact with the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003;

the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 is in contact with the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001;

the dielectric layer 1002 has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003;

- the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003.

The laminated composite according to the invention has the advantage of simplifying the

manufacture of transparent reflective layer elements. In particular, the organic polymeric support 1001 is a sacrificial element whose function is to serve as a support for depositing the dielectric layer before transfer to the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003, in accordance with the method of manufacturing a diffuse reflection layer element described below. In other words, it is generally not intended to be kept in said element of layers. Thus, this support 1001 can be judiciously chosen so that it is compatible with the composition of the dielectric layer and / or its deposition process. It is not necessarily transparent.

[0036] The following non-limiting method can be used to verify that

the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003. It consists in carrying out the delamination of the laminated composite, for example by peeling it manually, then in measuring the ohmic resistances of the surface 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 and of the surface 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003. The dielectric layer 1002 being generally more conductive than the support 1001 and the first substrate 1003, if the ohmic resistance of the surface 1003b of the first substrate 1003 is lower than that of the surface 1001a of the support, then the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first substrate 1003 transparent organic polymer.

Alternatively, it is possible to carry out an optical examination, by measuring the optical spectrum in reflection, transmission or absorption, of the surface 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 and of the surface 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003. If a characteristic spectral behavior of the dielectric layer 1002, for example a greater reflection in the infrared, is

mainly observed on the surface 1003b of the first substrate 1003, then the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003.

The adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003. This makes it possible to transfer by delamination the dielectric layer 1002 from the organic polymeric support 1001 to the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 when the laminated composite 1000 according to the invention is used for the manufacture of a transparent diffuse reflection layer element such as the one described below.

This difference in the adhesion energies can in particular be

obtained by selecting an organic polymeric support 1001 whose physicochemical properties of its first main face 1001a intrinsically give it, through its composition and / or its surface morphology, an adhesion energy that is lower than that between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003.

[0040] In one embodiment of the laminated composite of the invention, the

second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 and / or the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 can be textured and / or chemically functionalized to obtain a lower adhesion energy.

An example of functionalization can be a silicone layer of a few nanometers to a few tens of micrometers.

The second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 may be a textured surface. This surface textured may have the function of contributing to the diffuse reflection of a diffuse reflection transparent layered element obtainable by a manufacturing process such as that described below. This textured surface can be intrinsic to the substrate or obtained by texturing methods such as embossing, etching or etching. Preferably, the first organic polymeric substrate 1003 may be selected such that it exhibits intrinsic surface texturing.

By way of example, the texturing of the faces 1003b and / or 1001a can be in the form of a surface roughness characterized by a parameter Rz measured according to the ISO 4287: 1997 standard and whose value is between 1 pm and 1 mm, in particular between 5 pm and 100 pm, preferably between 25 pm and 100 pm, or even between 25 pm and 50 pm, or alternatively between 30 pm and 45 pm.

By way of example, the organic polymeric support substrate can be based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) .

Advantageously, the absolute value of the difference between the index of

refraction at 550 nm of the dielectric layer 1002 and the refractive index at 550 nm of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 is at least 0.3, or even at least 0.5, preferably at least 0.8.

During the manufacture of a transparent reflective layer element

diffused by a manufacturing process such as that described below, this characteristic promotes the reflection of electromagnetic radiation by the textured surface 1003b.

The dielectric layer 1002 can be based on metal oxides or metal nitrides, alone or in mixtures. These oxides or nitrides can be stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric. The dielectric layer 1002 can in particular be based on the following compounds SÎ3N4, Sn02, ZnO, AlN, NbO, NbN, TiO2, TiOx alone or as mixtures.

[0048] The dielectric layer can be a thin layer, that is to say a

layer the thickness of which is less than a micrometer, a few hundred micrometers, or even a few tens of micrometers. The organic polymeric support 1001 is preferably a film, typically of a thickness between 5 and 200 μm.

The first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 may be a film, the dimensions and composition of which are suitable for use as a component of a diffuse reflection transparent layer element, such as that obtainable by using a manufacturing process described below.

In particular, the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 may advantageously be based on poly (vinyl butyral). It often enters as a lamination interlayer component in a diffuse reflective transparent layered element for transparent laminated glazing and generally has an intrinsic surface texture to contribute to the diffuse reflective function of said layered element.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the laminated composite comprises:

an organic polymeric support 1001 based on PET comprising an edge 1001c, a first main face 1001a and a second main face 1001b;

- a dielectric layer 1002 based on titanium oxide, with a thickness between 10 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 30 and 70 nm, and comprising a first main face 1002a and a second main face 1002b;

a first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 based on PVB comprising an edge 1003c, a first main face 1003a and a second main face 1003b, textured or not.

[0053] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a

laminated composite according to the invention. It is illustrated by the drawing in figure 2.

The method of manufacturing a laminated composite 1000 comprises the

following steps :

(a) depositing a dielectric layer 1002 on the first main face 1001a of an organic polymeric support 1001;

(b) bringing the dielectric layer 1002 into contact with the second main face 1003b of a first organic polymeric substrate 1003 transparent;

(c) laminating the assembly formed by the organic polymeric support 1001, the dielectric layer 1002 and the first organic polymeric substrate 1003.

In said process:

said dielectric layer 1002 has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of said first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003;

- the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymer support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the transparent organic polymer substrate 1003.

Step (a) of depositing the dielectric layer can be carried out using several physical or chemical deposition methods. Examples are cathodic sputtering assisted by a magnetic field, chemical vapor deposition, dip-coating, centrifugal coating (spin-coating).

According to one embodiment of the method, step (a) of depositing the dielectric layer is carried out using cathode sputtering methods. These methods can optionally be assisted by a magnetic field. The advantage of these methods is that they allow the deposition of thin dielectric layers, can be used with many types of organic polymeric supports, such as PET, PEN, PMMA or even ETFE.

The thickness of the thin dielectric layer deposited may be less than one micrometer, a few tens of micrometers, or even a few hundreds of micrometers.

The method may further comprise, before step (a), a step of texturing and / or chemical functionalization of the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 and / or, before step (b ), a step of texturing and / or chemical functionalization of the second main face 1003b of the first polymeric substrate 1003 transparent organic. These additional steps can be advantageous to adjust the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 so that it is much less than that between the first face 1002a main side of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the transparent organic polymer substrate 1003. This can be useful when there is a risk that the two adhesion energies are similar, in particular because of the choice in the composition of the support 1001 and of the first transparent substrate 1003.

An example of a functionalization step for a support 1001 based on PET can be the deposition of a silicone layer of a few tens of micrometers. An example of a texturing step for a support 1001 based on PMMA can be an embossing of microreliefs whose

dimensions and geometric arrangement.

[0060] The invention also relates to a laminated composite capable of

to be obtained using any embodiment of the process for manufacturing a laminated composite described above.

An advantage of the laminated composite according to the invention is that it can be

manufactured upstream and stored, before being used later in a method of manufacturing a diffuse reflection transparent layered element.

[0062] Thus, a manufacturer of transparent reflective layered element can constitute a range of laminated composites with different combinations of dielectric layers and organic substrates.

transparent polymers. He can then select which of the laminated composites is the most suitable for the desired application.

[0063] Advantageously, the organic polymeric support 1001 and the

first organic polymeric substrate 1003 can then be flexible films. This makes it possible to store the laminated composite according to the invention in the form of ready-to-use rolls before its use in a method for manufacturing a transparent diffuse-reflection layer element according to a method such as that described below. The advantages of the laminated composite with regard to their use are illustrated by the method of manufacturing a transparent diffuse reflection layer element which is described below.

Said method comprises the following steps:

(a) providing a laminated composite 1000 according to any of the embodiments described above;

(b) delaminating said laminated composite 1000 so as to cause removal of the organic polymeric support 1001;

(c) providing a second transparent organic polymeric substrate 3001 comprising an edge 3001c _; a first main face 3001a and a second main face 3001b;

(d) bringing the first face 3001a of the second transparent organic polymeric substrate 3001 into contact with the second main face 1003b of the first transparent polymeric substrate 1003 so as to interpose the dielectric layer 1002 between said faces 3001a _; 1003b.

A remarkable advantage of the laminated composite according to the invention, when it is used in particular in such a method for manufacturing a transparent diffuse reflection layer element, is that it makes it possible to overcome the technical constraints of the methods. existing without prejudice to

optical performance of said element thus obtained. This is in particular due to the sacrificial nature of the organic polymeric support 1001 and to the possible transfer of the dielectric layer 1002 from said support 1001 onto the first substrate 1003.

Thus, for the manufacture of a diffuse reflection transparent layer element, it is no longer required the use of an organic polymeric support 1001 compatible both with the deposition of the dielectric layer 1002 and with the specific use of the diffused reflective transparent layered element. This was, for example, generally the case with laminated glazing comprising a lamination interlayer formed by the transparent diffuse reflection layer element.

The invention therefore makes it possible to increase the choice of transparent substrate / dielectric layer combinations. It also makes it possible to avoid the design of manufacturing processes dedicated to certain layer elements. transparencies with diffuse reflection, or else a significant modification of the existing methods when a change of transparent substrate or of dielectric layer in said layered elements is sought.

The invention is, on the other hand, particularly suitable for the manufacture of diffuse reflection transparent layer elements operating in the visible spectral range of electromagnetic radiation, that is to say between 380 and 800 nm.

[0070] It should be noted that the adhesion energies can vary with the temperature at which the laminated composite is used to manufacture a transparent diffuse reflection layer element. These variations depend in particular on the nature and the surface properties of the materials used for the support 1001 and the first substrate 1003. Also, the delamination step (b) is preferably carried out in a temperature range and / or a range of. delamination rate in which the adhesion energy between the second main face 1002b of the dielectric layer 1002 and the first main face 1001a of the organic polymeric support 1001 is less than the adhesion energy between the first main face 1002a of the dielectric layer 1002 and the second main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003.

According to an embodiment of the aforementioned method, the first main face 3001a of the second transparent organic polymeric substrate 3001 is a textured surface, for example in the form of a surface roughness. This feature may participate in increasing the level of diffuse reflection of the transparent layered element.

The invention also relates to a diffuse reflection transparent layer element that can be obtained by a method as described above.

An advantage of the layer element thus obtained is that it can be used directly as a lamination interlayer. In this sense, the invention also relates to a laminated glazing comprising a lamination interlayer formed by a transparent layer element with diffuse reflection capable of being obtained by a process as described above. Another advantage is that it can also be incorporated directly into a transparent projection screen or, indirectly, as a lamination interlayer of a laminated glazing used as a component of said projection screen.

In one embodiment of the invention, particularly suitable for the manufacture of a diffuse reflection transparent lamination interlayer for laminated glazing, the laminated composite 1001 comprises:

- a first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 based on PVB comprising an edge 1003c, a first main face 1003a and a second main face 1003b textured in the form of a surface roughness whose parameter Rz according to the ISO 4287: 1997 standard is between 25 pm and 50 pm.

The method of manufacturing a diffuse reflection transparent lamination interlayer for laminated glazing can then comprise the following steps:

(a) providing a laminated composite 1000 such as that just described above;

(b) delaminating said laminated composite 1000 so as to cause the shrinkage of the organic polymeric support 1001, the dielectric layer 1002 mainly adhering continuously or discontinuously to the second textured main face 1003b of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003;

(c) providing a second transparent organic polymeric PVB-based substrate 3001 comprising an edge 3001c, a first main face 3001a and a second main face 3001b;

(d) bringing the first face 3001a of the second substrate 3001 into contact transparent organic polymer with the second main face 1003b textured of the first transparent polymeric substrate 1003 so as to interpose the dielectric layer 1002 between said faces 3001a _; 1003b.

The characteristics and advantages of the invention are illustrated by the exemplary embodiments of the invention described below.

Four laminated composites 1000 according to the invention were manufactured according to the manufacturing process described above. They are described in Table 1.

In CL.1, the organic polymeric 1001 support is a PET film

functionalized with a thickness of 25 µm. It coated with a layer of silicone. This support is marketed by Mitsubishi Polyester Film under the name Hostaphan® 7SLK. In CL.2 and CL. 3, the support 1001 is a smooth ETFE film with a thickness of 75 µm. In CL.4 _; the support 1001 is a textured PM MA film.

The dielectric layer 1002 is identical for the four composites

laminates CL.1 to CL.4. It is a layer based on titanium oxide (TiOx) stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric with a thickness of 60 nm.

It was deposited by cathodic sputtering assisted by a field

magnetic (magnetron) on the organic polymeric 1001 support.

When the organic polymeric support 1001 has a textured and / or functionalized surface, the dielectric layer 1002 has been deposited on this surface.

In CL.1, CL.2 and CL.4, the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 is a PVB-1 film with a thickness of 0.38 mm and having a texturing in the form of a roughness of surface between 5 and 25 μm in terms of Rz measured according to the ISO 4287: 1997 standard. In CL.3, the first transparent organic polymeric substrate 1003 is a PVB-2 film with a thickness of 0.38 mm with a surface roughness between 24 and 48 µm).

The rolling step of the assembly of the assembly formed by the organic polymeric support 1001, the dielectric layer 1002 and the first organic polymeric substrate 1003 was carried out using rollers at 60 ° C with a linear pressure force less than 10 N / cm. [0084] [Tables 1]

Four transparent layer elements were manufactured from the four laminated composites of Table 1. They are described in Table 2. After the step of delamination of the laminated composites according to the manufacturing process of the invention, a second PVB-1-based transparent organic polymeric substrate 3001 was contacted with dielectric layer 1002.

[0086] [Tables 2]

Each of the four diffuse reflection transparent layer elements have been incorporated into a laminated glazing in the form of a lamination interlayer between two sheets of transparent soda-lime-silicate mineral glass.

For comparison purposes, three reference examples corresponding to transparent diffuse reflection layer elements according to the state of the art were also manufactured. They are described in Table 3.

They comprise an organic polymeric support. For R.1, it is a functionalized PET film with a thickness of 25 µm. It coated with a layer of silicone. This support is marketed by Mitsubishi Polyester Film under the name Hostaphan® 7SLK. In R.2, the support 1001 is a smooth ETFE film with a thickness of 75 µm. In R.3, the support 1001 is a textured PMMA film. A dielectric layer, identical for the three elements R.1 to R.3, is a layer based on titanium oxide (TiOx) stoichiometric or not

stoichiometric with a thickness of 60 nm. It was deposited by cathodic sputtering assisted by a magnetic field (magnetron) on the organic polymeric support.

For each element R.1 to R.3, the assembly formed by the dielectric layer and the support was encapsulated between two PVB-1 films with a thickness of 0.38 mm exhibiting a texturing in the form of 'a surface roughness of between 5 and 25 μm in terms of Rz measured according to the ISO 4287: 1997 standard.

Each of the three diffuse reflection transparent layer elements R.1 to R.3 have been incorporated into a laminated glazing in the form of a lamination interlayer between two sheets of transparent soda-lime-silicate mineral glass.

[0093] [Tables 3]

The optical properties of glazing comprising the EC elements. 1 to EC. 4 and R.1 to R.3 were measured. They are grouped together in Table 4.

In Table 4:

- the light transmission in the visible spectrum, TL, and the reflection, RL, in the visible spectrum are defined, measured and calculated in accordance with the standards EN 410 and ISO 9050. The color is measured in the chromatic space L * a * b * CIE 1976 according to ISO 11664 with a D65 illuminant and a visual field of 2 ° for the reference observer.

- a * T and b * T are the values of the parameters a * and b * measured in

transmission in the L * a * b * CIE 1976 chromatic space with a D65 illuminant, a field of view of 2 ° for the reference observer; - a * R and b * R are respectively the values of the parameters a * and b * measured in reflection in the chromatic space L * a * b * CIE 1976 with an illuminant D65 and a visual field of 2 ° for the reference observer;

- H is the level of "haze" or "haze" corresponding to the proportion of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a material, and whose dispersion angle is greater than 2.5 ° per report the direction of incidence of said radiation. This definition corresponds to those of the ISO 14782 and ASTM D1003 standards. It was measured using a Haze-Gard haze-meter from BYK-Gardner;

[00100] - C is the level of transparency or clarity of a layer. It is defined as a ratio between, on the one hand, the difference between the intensity of the radiation transmitted through said layer in a given direction in a first solid angle defined by a first cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and of which the apex half-angle is less than 0.7, the apex of said first cone being placed on the surface of said layer through which electromagnetic radiation is transmitted, and the intensity of the radiation transmitted in a second solid angle defined by a second cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and whose apex half-angle is between 0.7 and 2 °, the apex of said second cone coinciding with the apex of the first cone and, d ' on the other hand, the total intensity of the electromagnetic radiation transmitted in the entirety of the solid angle defined by the cone of revolution whose axis of revolution is said direction and whose half-angle at the top is between 0 ° and 2 °. The level of transparency was measured using a Haze-Gard haze-meter from BYK-Gardner.

[00101] DL is the proportion, in percentages, of the "diffuse light", that is to say the proportion of light reflected by the surface of a material, the angular dispersion of which is greater than 2.5 ° relative to the direction of the incident light.

[00102] [Tables 4]

The results for the VR.1 laminated glazing show that the use of PET directly in the glazing does not make it possible to obtain a transparent laminated glazing with diffuse reflection. DL value is too low.

[00104] The results for the laminated glazing VR.2 show that the use of G ETFE directly in the glazing causes an excessively high level of blurring liable to hamper visibility through the glazing.

The laminated glazing VR.3 has the appropriate optical properties in terms of levels of transparency and diffuse reflection. In particular, the value of DL is greater than 10%, the level of transparency, C, is greater than 98%, and the level of blurring, H, less than 1.

The laminated glazing VR.2 and VR.3 are laminated glazings commonly used for transparent projection screens. The proportion of diffused light, DL, is greater than 10%, their level of transparency C greater than 98% and their level of blur less than 1.

[00107] The results of Table 4 show that the optical properties of the

Laminated glazing VEC.1, VEC.2, VEC.3 and VEC.4 are similar to that of the reference VR.3 laminated glazing.

[00108] These results clearly show that the invention makes it possible to obtain transparent reflective layer elements for a given application while retaining the technical advantages of substrates suitable for depositing dielectric layers but not particularly suitable for said application.

[00109] The invention advantageously makes it possible to benefit from the advantages

techniques of any substrate suitable for the deposition of dielectric layers whatever whatever the desired application for the diffuse reflection transparent layer element obtainable. Thanks to the invention, it is now also possible to overcome the technical constraints of the existing methods of manufacturing transparent diffuse reflection layer elements, without prejudice to the optical performance sought for the layer element thus obtained.

Claims

Claim 1. Laminated composite (1000) comprising:

- an organic polymeric support (1001) comprising an edge (1001c), a first main face (1001a) and a second main face (1001b);

- a dielectric layer (1002) comprising a first main face (1002a) and a second main face (1002b);

- a first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003) comprising an edge (1003c), a first main face (1003a) and a second main face (1003b);

in which :

- the first main face (1002a) of the dielectric layer (1002) is in contact with the second main face (1003b) of the first transparent polymeric organic substrate (1003);

- the second main face (1002b) of the dielectric layer (1002) is in contact with the first main face (1001a) of the organic polymeric support 1001;

- the dielectric layer (1002) has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003);

- the adhesion energy between the second main face (1002b) of the dielectric layer (1002) and the first main face (1001a) of the organic polymeric support (1001) is less than the adhesion energy between the first face (1002a) main of the dielectric layer (1002) and the second main side (1003b) of the first organic polymeric substrate (1003)

transparent.

Claim 2. Laminated composite according to claim 1, such that the second main face (1003b) of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003) and / or the first main face (1001a) of the organic polymeric support (1001) are textured and / or chemically functionalized. Claim 3. Laminated composite according to any one of claims 1 to 2, such that the organic polymeric support is based on polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene or poly (methyl methacrylate). Claim 4. A laminate composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, such that the first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003) is based on poly (vinyl butyral).

Claim 5. A laminate composite according to any one of claims 1 to 4, such that the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index at 550 nm of the dielectric layer (1002) and the refractive index at 550 nm of the dielectric layer. first transparent substrate (1003) is at least 0.3 or even at least 0.5, preferably at least 0.8.

Claim 6. Laminated composite according to any one of claims 1 to 5, such that the dielectric layer (1002) is based on metal oxides or metal nitrides.

Claim 7. A method of manufacturing a laminated composite (1000)

comprising the following steps:

(a) depositing a dielectric layer (1002) on the main first face (1001a) of an organic polymeric support (1001);

(b) contacting the dielectric layer (1002) with the second main face (1003b) of a first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003);

(c) laminating the assembly formed by the organic polymeric support (1001), the dielectric layer (1002) and the first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003);

and in which process:

- said dielectric layer (1002) has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of said first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003);

- the adhesion energy between the second main face (1002b) of the dielectric layer (1002) and the first main face (1001a) of the organic polymer support (1001) is less than the adhesion energy between the first face (1002a) main of the dielectric layer (1002) and the second side (1003b) main of the transparent organic polymer substrate (1003).

Claim 8. The method of claim 7, such that it further comprises, before step (a), a step of texturing and / or chemical functionalization of the first main face (1001a) of the organic polymeric support (1001). and / or, before step (b), a step of texturing and / or chemical functionalization of the second main face (1003b) of the first transparent organic polymeric substrate (1003).

Claim 9. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 8, such that step (a) of depositing the dielectric layer is carried out using sputtering methods.

Claim 10. A method of manufacturing a diffuse-reflecting transparent layer element, said method comprising the following steps:

(a) providing a laminate composite (1000) according to any one of claims 1 to 6;

(b) delaminating said laminated composite (1000) so as to cause removal of the organic polymeric support (1001);

(c) providing a second transparent organic polymeric substrate (3001) comprising an edge (3001c), a first side (3001a) main and a second side (3001b) main;

(d) bringing the first face (3001a) of the second transparent organic polymeric substrate (3001) into contact with the second main face (1003b) of the first transparent polymeric substrate (1003) so as to interpose the dielectric layer (1002) between said surfaces (3001a, 1003b).

Claim 11. The method of claim 10, such that the first main face (3001a) of the second transparent organic polymeric substrate (3001) is a textured surface.

Claim 12. A diffuse reflection transparent layer element obtainable by a process according to any one of claims 10 to 11.

Claim 13. Laminated glazing comprising a lamination interlayer

formed by a layered element according to claim 12. Claim 14. A transparent projection screen comprising a layered element according to claim 12.