EP3957484B1 - Verminderung der streifigkeit beim tintenstrahldruck - Google Patents

Verminderung der streifigkeit beim tintenstrahldruck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3957484B1
EP3957484B1 EP20191708.5A EP20191708A EP3957484B1 EP 3957484 B1 EP3957484 B1 EP 3957484B1 EP 20191708 A EP20191708 A EP 20191708A EP 3957484 B1 EP3957484 B1 EP 3957484B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jetting
units
ink
density
jetting unit
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Application number
EP20191708.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3957484A1 (de
Inventor
Tim F.E. PAFFEN
Evgenij V. Kuznetsov
Carolus E.P. Gerrits
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Priority to EP20191708.5A priority Critical patent/EP3957484B1/de
Publication of EP3957484A1 publication Critical patent/EP3957484A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2142—Detection of malfunctioning nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2139—Compensation for malfunctioning nozzles creating dot place or dot size errors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2146—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding for line print heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/38—Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
    • B41J29/393—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/38—Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
    • B41J29/393—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns
    • B41J2029/3935—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns by means of printed test patterns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for reducing streakiness in inkjet prints from a printer having a page-wide array of ink jetting units, that apply ink drops on a receiving medium, transported in a transverse direction underneath the page-wide array, in accordance with an input image.
  • Production inkjet printers are known to comprise a page-wide array of ink jetting units, wherein the page width ranges from A4 (21 cm) to A0 (84 cm), the array comprising one or more print heads, each print head consisting of several chips with individual jetting units, also referred to as nozzles.
  • the term "print head”, “print” and derivatives thereof are to be understood to include any device or technique that deposits or creates material on a surface in a controlled manner.
  • the individual units are not positioned in a single line, they behave as such by appropriate timing of the ejection of the ink droplets from the nozzles, taking into account the velocity of the transportation of the medium.
  • the arrangement of the page-wide array and the transported receiving medium is such that an individual jetting unit is controlled to apply ink drops for an array of pixels of the input image, e.g. a column of pixels in a raster image.
  • an individual jetting unit is controlled to apply ink drops for an array of pixels of the input image, e.g. a column of pixels in a raster image.
  • the droplets of a single jetting unit are quite equal, the droplets of different jetting units are known to slightly vary in size, speed and direction. Without further precautions, this may show in a printed image as streak-like artefacts.
  • jetting units that do not eject an ink drop, when controlled to do so, and jetting units that eject ink drops that come down on the receiving medium far from their intended position.
  • jetting units also known as failing nozzles, are usually turned off and the missing ink density is provided by adjacent jetting units. Thus, the compensation factors of the adjacent or neighbouring jetting units are enhanced to compensate for the failing nozzle.
  • the crucial element is the method for obtaining the appropriate compensation factors.
  • over- and/or undercompensation may result, which enhances the streakiness, instead of reducing it.
  • the measurement of density profiles at various density levels is quite laborious and should not be executed very often.
  • the optical resolution that is available for these measurements is usually less than the resolution of the ink jetting units in the page-wide array, making an individual jetting unit not very well discernable in a uniform background.
  • the measurement of individual jetting unit characteristics to determine which jetting units should be treated as deviating ones is relatively simple and may be done in-between the printing of regular input images. Since during printing the characteristics of the jetting units may change, e.g.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the steps of: a) determining a first optical density profile across the width of the array for a first input image that comprises uniform test patterns of various density levels; b) repeating step a with a second input image wherein the test patterns of the first input image are modified by intentionally blocking a number of jetting units from applying an ink drop to obtain a second optical density profile; c) deriving an effect of a blocked ink jetting unit from a comparison of the first and second optical density profiles; d) determining a characteristic property of an individual jetting unit using a third input image; e) composing an ideal compensation table, which comprises for each ink jetting unit a density compensation factor that would make the first optical density profile uniform; f) deriving from the ideal compensation table a practical compensation table, wherein the density compensation factor is made zero for deviating ink jetting units, that have the characteristic property outside a predetermined range, and wherein the density compensation factors of ink jetting units adjacent to a deviating ink jetting unit
  • the third input image is built up in such a way that the dots of each jetting unit can be determined individually, which means that a number of jetting units on both sides adjacent to a drop ejecting jetting unit are kept silent.
  • the ideal compensation table comprises a proper factor for all jetting units, even for the ones not working. The factors for these last ones may be approached by interpolation.
  • a practical compensation table is composed from a second input image, wherein a number of individual jetting units are given a factor zero to prevent them from being controlled to eject an ink drop. This is decided based on a result from the determination of a characteristic property, such as the presence of a dot or the angle deviation of an ink drop from the jetting unit.
  • the missing ink density for these jetting units is provided by adjacent jetting units by modifying the associated compensation factors from the ideal table.
  • the advantage of this method is that a change in operability of a jetting unit, such as a blocked nozzle becoming working again, can be relatively fast accommodated in the table of compensation factors, without a necessity of keeping track which jetting units were previously operable, after determining the characteristic property of all jetting units once again. As noted earlier, this measurement is much faster than the uniform density measurements. It has been shown experimentally that this method reduces streakiness, in particular for page-wide arrays with a high integration density.
  • the effect of a blocked ink jetting unit is determined by averaging the difference between the first and second density profile and fitting the average curve as a function of the ink jetting unit position.
  • the parameters A and S for the Gaussian function depend on the characteristics of the adjacent jetting units, in particular the jetting angle in the direction of the page-wide array. For each blocked unit, a model may be used to find the optimal correction factors.
  • a page-wide array of ink jetting units is commonly controlled to eject ink droplets of discrete sizes. This may be only one size, or a small number of ink drop sizes.
  • the image is represented by a raster image, which comprises pixels, each pixel having a number of values, each value being representative for an amount of colorant that is to be printed.
  • the pattern of dots, or ink drop sizes, that is to bring about this amount of colorant is generated by a halftone algorithm, such as stochastic dithering or error diffusion. This will not be discussed further, as the shading correction works on a raster image having contone values.
  • Figure 1A shows an example of a uniform raster image 1 with 9 pixels values in the page-wide array direction 2 and 7 values in the medium transport direction 3. All pixel values are equal and in this case indicate a value between 0 and 255, due to the 8-bit representation. During processing of the pixel values a 16-bit representation is used to diminish the effect of digital noise. 157 indicates a more than half fully covered medium.
  • Figure 1B shows how this raster image will be printed if no shading correction is applied. The varying amount of ink ejected by the units of the array, results in a varying density of ink on the medium. Note that the shown variation in ink density cannot be measured as such and that the raster image 4 is a model situation.
  • the compensation factors 5 are applied to compensate the variation in raster image 4, obtaining the compensated raster image 6 of Figure 1C .
  • Each compensation factor is applied to a column of pixels associated with a single ejection unit. As this is the ideal compensation, the ink density is completely uniform and no streakiness will be visible in printing this image.
  • Figure 2 shows a graph 10 of the optical density 11 as measured from a uniform raster image with several of the ejection units intentionally turned off, as a function of the position 12 along the array, as measured in distance from the turned off unit.
  • Individual measurements 13 show a variation around an average 14 that is used to derive compensation factors to provide the missing density. These factors are used for ejection units that are blocked or otherwise not functioning properly, either temporarily of permanent. The purpose of intentionally blocking is only to obtain a large number of measurements.
  • A takes typically a value of 0.2 and S a value of 2.1, wherein the value of A is strongly dependent on the process colour, as all measurements are performed for each process colour separately.
  • An example of the derived factors is shown in Figure 3 as a number of additional factors 15 that are combined with the factors 5 in Figure 1 to practical compensation factors 17.
  • the not functioning nozzle is associated with a compensation factor 0.0 as indicated by factor 16. Thus, it will not be controlled to eject ink.
  • Testchart 1 comprises various uniform areas 18 with different coverages, indicating different tones of a process colour.
  • step S1 a measurement of these tones is made by an optical device, such as an in-line scanner.
  • Testchart 3 comprises individual ejection unit testing elements in the form of single ejection unit lines 19 from which a characteristic property can be derived, such as the units that are not functioning, also known as failing nozzles, as indicated by a missing line 20, or a deviation angle of the individual droplets ejected by the unit.
  • step S2 an actual list of the ejection units that are to be discarded is made. This testchart may be made every time it is felt necessary to update this list.
  • step S3 the two results are combined to get an ideal compensation table, wherein the failing nozzles are approached by interpolation.
  • Testchart 2 is printed in a similar way as testchart 1 with the addition of intentionally blocked ejection units.
  • the difference in optical density between the measurements of these two testcharts, similar to Figure 2 is used to derive an individual nozzle failure correction (NFC) in step S4.
  • NFC individual nozzle failure correction
  • an individual measured optical density difference as indicated in graph 13, is correlated with a measured angle deviation in the direction of the page-wide array.
  • Figure 5 indicates the effect that is reached. Again the vertical direction is associated with the transport direction of the receiving medium.
  • line 26 indicates positions on the receiving medium where no dots are printed due to a failing ejection unit.
  • Line 27 is a line where the dots are ideally placed, in contrast to line 28, where the dots are printed with a large angle deviation, due to some misfunctioning of the associated ejection unit.
  • line 31 is the line where dots are absent and line 32 shows an ideal placement of dots. However, in this case the dots on lines 33 and 34, which are directly adjacent to line 31, are positioned such that they are close to line 31.
  • the individual graphs 13 may be fitted by a Gaussian function and the parameters of this function may be correlated with the individual characteristic property of the ejection unit, such as in this case the angle of deviation from the ideal direction for the ink drop.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ein Verfahren zum Vermindern der Streifigkeit von Tintenstrahldrucken aus einem Drucker, der ein seitenbreites Array von Tintenstrahleinheiten aufweist, die in Übereinstimmung mit einem eingegebenen Bild Tintentropfen auf ein Empfangsmedium aufbringen, das in einer transversalen Richtung unter dem seitenbreiten Array hindurchtransportiert wird, welches Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    a. bestimmen eines ersten optischen Dichteprofils über die Breite des Arrays für ein erstes eingegebenes Bild, das einheitliche Testmuster mit verschiedenen Dichtepegeln aufweist (S1) ;
    b. wiederholen des Schrittes a mit einem zweiten eingegebenen Bild, bei dem die Testmuster des ersten eingegeben Bildes modifiziert werden durch absichtliches Blockieren einer Anzahl von Strahleinheiten bei der Abgabe eines Tintentropfens, um ein zweites optisches Dichteprofil zu erhalten (S4);
    c. ableiten eines Effekts einer blockierten Tintenstrahleinheit aus einem Vergleich der ersten und zweiten optischen Dichteprofile (S4);
    d. bestimmen einer charakteristischen Eigenschaft einer einzelnen Tintenstrahleinheit unter Verwendung eines dritten eingegebenen Bildes (S2);
    e. aufbauen einer idealen Kompensationstabelle, die für jede Tintenstrahleinheit einen Dichtekompensationsfaktor enthält, der das erste optische Dichteprofil einheitlich machen würde (S3);
    f. ableiten, aus der idealen Kompensationstabelle (5), einer praktischen Kompensationstabelle (17), bei der der Dichtekompensationsfaktor für eine abweichende Tintenstrahleinheit, die die charakteristische Eigenschaft außerhalb eines vorbestimmten Bereiches hat, auf null gesetzt wird, und bei der die Dichtekompensationsfaktoren von Tintenstrahleinheiten, die an eine abweichende Tintenstrahleinheit angrenzen, modifiziert werden unter Verwendung des Resultats aus Schritt c, um eine einheitliche Dichteantwort zu erhalten (S5), und
    g. drucken eines eingegebenen Bildes durch Verarbeiten, für jede Tintenstrahleinheit, eines Arrays von Pixeln, die einer spezifischen Tintenstrahleinheit zugeordnet sind, unter Verwendung des entsprechenden Kompensationsfaktors aus der praktischen Kompensationstabelle (17).
  2. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die charakteristische Eigenschaft einer einzelnen Tintenstahleinheit abgeleitet wird aus einer Position eines Punktes auf dem Empfangsmedium, der dieser Strahleinheit zugeordnet ist.
  3. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die Abwesenheit eines Punktes als die charakteristische Eigenschaft interpretiert wird, die außerhalb des in Schritt d genannten vorbestimmten Bereiches liegt.
  4. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem im Schritt b eine Serie von Strahleinheiten blockiert wird und der Effekt einer blockierten Tintenstrahleinheit in Schritt c abgeleitet wird, indem die Differenz zwischen den Dichteprofilen um die blockierten Strahleinheiten herum gemittelt wird.
  5. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, bei dem die Serie von blockierten Strahleinheiten eine Anzahl äquidistanter Strahleinheiten umfasst.
  6. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, bei dem die Distanz zwischen den absichtlich blockierten Strahleinheiten wenigstens 10 Einheiten beträgt.
  7. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, bei dem gemittelte Differenz durch eine Gauß'sche Kurve angenähert wird, die zwei Parameter A für die Höhe der Kurve und S für die Breite der Kurve hat.
  8. Das Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die Dichtekompensationsfaktoren von Tintenstrahleinheiten, die an eine abweichende Tintenstrahleinheit angrenzen, erhalten werden durch modellieren der Differenz zwischen den optischen Dichteprofilen mit Hilfe einzelner Gauß'scher Kurven, deren Parameter A und S von der Distanz zwischen den Punkten abhängig sind, die den benachbarten Strahleinheiten zugeordnet sind.
  9. Ein nichtflüchtiges, von einem Computer lesbares Medium, auf dem von einem Computer ausführbare Instruktionen für die Ausführung eines Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 gespeichert sind.
  10. Ein Drucker mit einer Maschinensteuereinrichtung, die ein nichtflüchtiges, von einem Computer lesbares Medium nach Anspruch 9 aufweist.
EP20191708.5A 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 Verminderung der streifigkeit beim tintenstrahldruck Active EP3957484B1 (de)

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EP4328040A1 (de) * 2022-08-25 2024-02-28 Canon Production Printing Holding B.V. Bestimmung einer dysfunktionalen ausstosseinheit beim tintenstrahldruck

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JP5117423B2 (ja) * 2009-02-19 2013-01-16 富士フイルム株式会社 画像記録装置、画像処理装置、画像処理方法及びプログラム
JP5971151B2 (ja) * 2013-02-20 2016-08-17 富士ゼロックス株式会社 画像形成装置及びプログラム
DE102017220361B4 (de) * 2016-12-14 2023-04-20 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren und Testmuster zur Detektion und Kompensation ausgefallener Druckdüsen in einer Inkjet-Druckmaschine

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