EP3953413A1 - Liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites - Google Patents

Liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites

Info

Publication number
EP3953413A1
EP3953413A1 EP20719139.6A EP20719139A EP3953413A1 EP 3953413 A1 EP3953413 A1 EP 3953413A1 EP 20719139 A EP20719139 A EP 20719139A EP 3953413 A1 EP3953413 A1 EP 3953413A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
binder
pomace
wood
production
boards
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20719139.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Euring
Alireza Kharazipour
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg August Universitaet Goettingen
Original Assignee
Georg August Universitaet Goettingen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg August Universitaet Goettingen filed Critical Georg August Universitaet Goettingen
Publication of EP3953413A1 publication Critical patent/EP3953413A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J189/00—Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J191/00—Adhesives based on oils, fats or waxes; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J193/00—Adhesives based on natural resins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J197/00—Adhesives based on lignin-containing materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wood and composite materials, in particular to methods of manufacturing wood and composite materials.
  • binders in particular binders which are free of formaldehyde or in which the wood and / or composite materials produced emit no formaldehyde or only emit insignificant formaldehyde after production.
  • a binder according to claim 1 Accordingly, a binder for the production of wood and / or composite materials is proposed, containing possibly further processed pomace from oil plants.
  • wood and composite materials can be produced in this way, which on the one hand are free of formaldehyde and on the other hand meet the requirements prevailing in the field of technology in many applications.
  • Invention understood in particular fiber composites, chipboard and oriented or unoriented beach boards as well as insulating materials and insulating boards.
  • the wood and / or composite materials are thus selected from the group comprising fiber composites, chipboard, oriented or unoriented strand boards, insulating materials and insulating boards.
  • fiber composites in the sense of the present invention are in particular mono- or multi-layer fiberboard, medium density fiberboard (MDF) and hard fiberboard (HDF), having a bulk density> 400 kg / m 3 to about 1200 kg / m 3, insulation or insulation boards or porous fiberboard with a bulk density of 20 kg / m 3 to 400 kg / m 3 .
  • MDF boards usually have a bulk density of> 400 kg / m 3 to 900 kg / m 3 and thicknesses between 3 mm and 60 mm.
  • HDF boards usually have bulk densities> 900 kg / m 3 and thicknesses between 1 mm and 10 mm.
  • Porous fiber boards and wood fiber insulation materials / boards usually have
  • chipboard is to be understood as meaning, in particular, single-layer or multilayer chipboard, generally with a bulk density of about 400 kg / m 3 to 750 kg / m 3 and thicknesses of 7 mm to 70 mm.
  • a or multi-layer insulation materials and insulation boards made of chips which can also have a lower bulk density than normal chipboard, understood. These have bulk densities ⁇ 400 kg / m 3 .
  • Oriented Strand Boards in the context of the present invention are understood to mean in particular multi-layer coarse chipboard with a crosswise orientation of the chips (preferably strands). By orienting strands, when using suitable adhesives, the strength values can be significantly increased compared to chipboard.
  • USB Unoriented Strand Boards
  • the wood and / or composite materials can be single-layer or multilayer. Likewise, the wood and / or composite materials can either be in their pure form (a type of
  • Fibers / chips / strands or mixed form (combined at least two types of fibers / chips / strands or mixtures thereof).
  • thermomechanically comminuted and / or digested lignocellulose-containing material are in particular fibers, chips, strands or
  • fibers are understood to mean in particular wood fibers; However, the present invention is not restricted to this, so that the term “fibers” also includes mixtures of wood fibers and plastic fibers, as well as fibers from annual or perennial plants.
  • the term “fibers” means in particular - preferably lignocellulose-containing - fibers with a length of> 0.5 mm to ⁇
  • fibers with a length of> 1 mm to ⁇ 6 mm and a fiber diameter of> 0.1 mm to ⁇ 1 mm.
  • chips means in particular
  • Chips can be divided into top and middle layer chips. The chip sizes differ in fine material (top layer chips with about 0.3 mm to 1 mm length and 0.2 mm thickness) and coarse material (middle layer chips with about 1 mm to 5 mm length and 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm thickness ).
  • “Strands” are special, namely long and narrow cutting chips which, due to their shape, are particularly suitable for the direction-oriented and non-oriented scattering of OSB and USB panels. Ideally, the dimensions are approx. 100 mm long and 10 mm wide.
  • Oil plants are, in particular, plants which provide fatty seeds, in particular sesame,
  • Flax, rapeseed, hemp, soy and sunflower Flax, rapeseed, hemp, soy and sunflower.
  • a preferred oil plant for the purposes of the present invention is rapeseed.
  • pomace of oil plants is understood to mean in particular mixtures of substances which - before further processing - have the following composition (in each case w / w of the entire mixture) > 25%, preferably> 30% proteins and / or proteinaceous material,
  • nitrogen-free extract substances such as starch, sugar, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin,
  • the term “essentially” in the sense of the present invention means a proportion (in w / w, where applicable) of> 95%, preferably> 97%, further preferably> 99%.
  • the binder preferably contains pomace from oil plants - this also applies analogously below for the other components - (in w / w of the binder) in a proportion of> 10% to ⁇ 35%, preferably> 15 % to ⁇ 20%. This has been found to be advantageous for most applications of the present invention.
  • the binder preferably also contains a chaotropic compound. This has proven to be advantageous in many applications, since it denatures the proteins of the pomace, which often greatly increases the binding agent capacity.
  • Particularly preferred chaotropic compounds are SDS, guanidine hydrochloride and urea.
  • the content of chaotropic compound (in w / w of the binder) is - except in the case of urea - preferably> 0.5% to ⁇ 2%, in the case of urea preferably> 12% to ⁇ 20%.
  • the binder continues to be a polyhydric alcohol. Glycerine and sugar alcohols with more than three carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
  • the binder preferably has an alkaline pH. This has been the case with many
  • the pH is preferably in the range from> 7% to ⁇ 13, even more preferably from> 10 to ⁇ 12.
  • the binder is also a water repellent.
  • Preferred water repellants are waxes, e.g. B. beeswax, sugar cane waxes and paraffins. The proportion of
  • Water repellant (in w / w of the binder) is preferably> 0.5% to ⁇ 2%
  • the present invention also relates to the use of possibly
  • the present invention also relates to a wooden and / or
  • Composite material comprising a binding agent containing possibly further processed pomace from oil plants.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for the production of binders containing further processed pomace from oil plants, comprising the steps of a) comminuting the pomace and, if necessary, sieving it out in order to obtain a fine pomace material
  • the average particle size is preferably ⁇ 200 pm, more preferably ⁇ 100 pm.
  • Step a) preferably takes place in such a way that the pomace is first comminuted by suitable measures such as milling or grinding. Milling in a hammer mill is preferred.
  • the crushed pulp material preferably has a residual moisture content (in w / w) of ⁇ 10% b) addition of water or alkaline solution
  • step b) a defined amount of water or an alkaline solution is then added to the comminuted pomace material.
  • an alkaline solution > 0.05% to ⁇ 1%, even more preferably> 0.1% to ⁇ 0.5% potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution is used.
  • step b) the further binder constituents can be added, as described above.
  • Step b) and / or c) are preferably carried out at room temperature
  • components to be used according to the invention are not subject to any special exceptional conditions in terms of their size, shape, material selection and technical conception, so that the selection criteria known in the field of application can be used without restriction.
  • the comminuted material was then sieved out using a sieve tower, the smallest (lowest) sieve having a mesh size of 100 ⁇ m.
  • the yield of material was approx. 50%, this had a residual moisture content of approx. 8%.
  • Tab. 1 Composition of binders according to the invention
  • the Colasol K 35 used was from Fritz Haecker GmbH & Co. KG.
  • Colasol is made up of 35% skin proteins and 50% water as well as 15% urea (pH 6.8 - 7.2). b) Manufacture of wood and / or composite materials
  • Top layer chips (about 0.2 to 0.4 mm thick) and middle layer chips (about 0.3 to 0.8 mm thick) were used to manufacture the chipboard.
  • the middle and top layer chips were dried to 2% to 6% residual moisture.
  • the chips were in a gluing unit according to a circulation process with the binder, consisting of 12% rapeseed binder according to Example A (see Table 1) in the top layer and 10% rapeseed binder according to Example A in the middle layer.
  • the glued chips were scattered manually on a 60 cm x 45 cm format in such a way that the finer top layer chips each formed the outer layers and the coarser middle layer chips formed the core of the scattering (chip cake).
  • the chip mat was tested for wet weight and then pressed at 200 ° C for 3 - 4 minutes.
  • the panels were removed from the press and air cooled. After 2 days the panels were trimmed, 0.1-0.2 mm sanded and, after air conditioning at 20 ° C and 65% rel. Air humidity checked for its physical-technological properties.
  • the panels were sanded and trimmed and, after air conditioning in a normal climate, formed into test specimens and tested according to the current test standards.
  • the panels produced had a bulk density of approx. 650 kg / m 3 , that is to say absolutely comparable with the reference panels produced with UF resin.
  • the moisture content of the panels was 9.5%.
  • the transverse tensile strength requirements of EN 312 for type P2 panels are 0.35 N / mm 2 .
  • Rape pulp bound chipboard (density 650 kg / m 3 )
  • the MDF was manufactured on an MDF pilot plant. First of all, wood fibers were fed via a conveyor belt through the blender mixer, in which the glue with rapeseed pulp binder took place. In order to ensure an even distribution, the amount of fiber and the amount of fine that reached the mixer per minute were regulated accordingly via the pump power and the speed of the conveyor belt.
  • the fine liquor was composed of 10% rapeseed pulp binder according to Example A (see Table 1).
  • the fibers were then gently dried in a flow tube dryer at 80 ° C. and passed to a fiber bunker. From the fiber bunker, the glued fibers were scattered over discharge and scattering rollers to form a fiber fleece that was continuously removed by hand and pressed in the hot press with dimensions of 60 cm x 45 cm at 200 ° C.
  • All panels produced have a target density of 800 kg / m 3 with a thickness of 8 to 12 mm.
  • the MDF produced had a bulk density of approx. 800 kg / m 3 and were comparable to the reference panels produced with UF resin.
  • Table 4 shows various mechanical and technological properties.
  • the fibers were glued and the fibers were formed into a fleece similar to the MDF manufacturing process.
  • the gluing was carried out with Example C (see Table 1).
  • the fleece was then not transferred to the hot press, but to a unit for hardening insulation materials that works according to the hot air / superheated steam process (EP2961580B 1).
  • the curing process was carried out using hot air and superheated steam. In principle, during the curing process, first hot air and then superheated steam flowed through the compressed fleece. Following the curing process of all variations, the finished wood fiber insulation panels were removed from the press and conditioned in a standard climate.
  • the insulation boards produced had a bulk density of approx. 180 kg / m 3 and were comparable to the reference boards produced with pMDI. Table 6 shows various mechanical-technological properties. Tab. 7: Insulation boards (gross density 180 kg / m 3 )

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites. Il a été montré que des tourteaux de ce type peuvent représenter une alternative aux liants classiques contenant des formaldéhydes.
EP20719139.6A 2019-04-10 2020-04-07 Liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites Pending EP3953413A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019109504.2A DE102019109504A1 (de) 2019-04-10 2019-04-10 Bindemittel auf Basis von Ölpflanzentrestern zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen
PCT/EP2020/059923 WO2020208035A1 (fr) 2019-04-10 2020-04-07 Liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3953413A1 true EP3953413A1 (fr) 2022-02-16

Family

ID=70289383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20719139.6A Pending EP3953413A1 (fr) 2019-04-10 2020-04-07 Liants à base de tourteaux de plantes oléagineuses destinés à la production de matériaux composites

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3953413A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019109504A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020208035A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2592330B1 (fr) * 1985-12-30 1988-02-05 Charbonnages Ste Chimique Procede de fabrication de panneaux de particules et de panneaux de contreplaque.
DE102013101937A1 (de) 2013-02-27 2014-08-28 Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Stiftung Öffentlichen Rechts Holz- und Verbundwerkstoffplatte
WO2019053671A1 (fr) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Santos Lima Ana Maria Utilisations alternatives de sous-produits de transformation alimentaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020208035A1 (fr) 2020-10-15
DE102019109504A1 (de) 2020-10-15

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