EP3949684B1 - Deformable and formable heating mat - Google Patents

Deformable and formable heating mat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3949684B1
EP3949684B1 EP20726220.5A EP20726220A EP3949684B1 EP 3949684 B1 EP3949684 B1 EP 3949684B1 EP 20726220 A EP20726220 A EP 20726220A EP 3949684 B1 EP3949684 B1 EP 3949684B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
mat
matrix
heating element
heating mat
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EP20726220.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3949684A1 (en
Inventor
Steven Gérard Joseph BIENVENU
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/004—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using zigzag layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of heating devices and in particular deformable and conformable heating mats, intended to allow heat to be supplied to mechanical parts, in particular during their production.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a heating mat.
  • Heating mats are conventionally controlled by a central heating unit which makes it possible to manage the different heating cycles, in particular: the speed of temperature rise, the level temperature (generally maximum 200°C), the duration of the level as well as the speed of temperature drop.
  • these heating mats are made up of a matrix of elastic material (for example silicone) through which heating resistors circulate in the form of resistive filaments connected by a wire to the management unit.
  • elastic material for example silicone
  • the present applicant has therefore set itself the particular objective of presenting a heating mat making it possible to ensure the manufacture/finishing of a part made of composite material having a complex shape and/or contour and/or comprising at least one angle and/or or an edge without risking damaging said heating mat.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heating mat 10 according to the invention.
  • the heating mat 10 typically has dimensions of 10 cm by 10 cm up to 60 by 60cm.
  • the heating mat 10 can also be rectangular or circular in shape with dimensions of up to 60 cm side or diameter.
  • each heating mat 10 is connected to an electrical power source 12, more particularly to a heating cycle management unit 12 presenting the usual possibilities of management units already present on the market, as described in the introduction .
  • the heating mat 10 is flexible and can be folded to various angles. The heating mat 10 can also be stretched.
  • the heating mat 10 has an inhomogeneous internal structure. Indeed, we see that the heating mat 10 has a matrix 14 made of elastic material, for example silicone, in which at least one cavity 16 is formed and passing through the matrix 14 right through. Silicone has, depending on its vulcanization temperature, certain particular and specific properties.
  • each cavity 16 thus extends from a first edge B1 of the heating mat 10 towards an opposite edge B2 of said heating mat. Between the edges B1 and B2, the cavity 16 changes direction several times, so as to present a non-linear layout, preferably rounded or undulating. We can see on the figure 2 that each cavity 16 presents, alternately, four curvatures between the edges B1 and B2.
  • each cavity 16 is undulating in a three-dimensional space within the heating mat 10.
  • Each cavity 16 has a circular section of 3 to 5 mm in diameter so as to form a sort of tube. It has a wall 17 made of Teflon ® (polytetrafluoroethylene - PTFE) or any other materials allowing the two silicone sheets not to adhere to each other, such as high temperature polypropylene for example. It also has an undulating layout and is separated from its two neighboring cavities 16 by a layer of at least 3 mm of matrix 14. Each cavity 16 can have a unique layout. Each cavity 16 is wide enough to accommodate a heating element 18. In the case illustrated in figure 2 , it is a resistive filament 18. Each cavity 16 is thus sufficiently wide to allow the movement, without risk of damage within said cavity 16, of the resistive filament 18 accommodated. The resistive filaments 18 are connected to the management unit 12. This management unit management 12 conventionally sends temperature instructions in the form of electrical signals through the resistive filaments 18.
  • each resistive filament 18 is curved: it has a zigzag or spiral shape (corkscrew type). Each resistive filament 18 can thus move and stretch within the cavity 16, allowing a greater possibility of adaptation and positioning when the heating mat 10 is stretched and/or folded.
  • Each resistive filament 18 has a non-rectilinear trajectory within the cavity (16).
  • the risk of breaking one of the resistive filaments 18 is thus reduced compared to a conventional heating mat structure in which the filaments are inserted in a straight and linear manner within the silicone matrix 14.
  • the resistive filaments 18 can, for example, be composed of nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr).
  • each resistive filament 18 is also heat treated after bending in order to further reduce their risk of breakage.
  • the heat treatment typically consists of heating at 1200°C for 5 to 6 hours.
  • This treatment of the resistive filaments 18 makes it possible to bring the deformation and elasticity characteristics of the heating mat 10 closer to those of a matrix 14 of pure silicone. Indeed, following this treatment and this arrangement of the resistive filaments 18 within the matrix 14 of the heating mat 10, the heating mat 10 is elastically deformable at an angle of 90° without compromising the proper functioning of the resistive filaments 18. Likewise , the heating mat 10 according to the invention can extend at least twice its length in all directions without compromising the proper functioning of the resistive filaments 18.
  • proper operation of the filaments 18 we mean the absence breakage or damage no longer allowing the temperature instructions from the management unit 12 to be conveyed without problems.
  • the heating mat 10 is thus conformable to any type of part/contour and deformable to a sufficient extent to allow its use in connection with parts of complex shapes/contours, such as turbomachine parts (for example flanges, casings, etc.). blades, etc.).
  • the resistive filaments 18 are enclosed in the cavities 16, protected in all directions by the walls of Teflon® 17 and the layers of the silicone matrix 14, layers which now only form a single layer. heating mat 10 plain.
  • Vulcanization means heat treatment above 200°C over several tens of minutes. This step adapts depending on the types of silicone used to create matrix 14.
  • the heating mat according to the invention 10 is more flexible and more extensible and it is, therefore, easier to apply it to complex shapes/contours including in particular edges.
  • the resistive filaments 18 are no longer the fuses of the system: the heating mat 10 can be extended in three dimensions and within the elastic limits of the silicone.
  • a conformable and deformable heating mat 10 makes it possible to do without an autoclave or an oven in certain cases: composite lamination, bonding, preheating before welding or brazing, expansion of a part before tight or crimped assembly.

Landscapes

  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)

Description

1. Domaine de l'invention1. Field of the invention

La présente invention concerne le domaine des dispositifs chauffants et en particulier des tapis chauffants déformables et conformables, destinés à permettre un apport de chaleur à des pièces mécaniques, en particulier au cours de la réalisation de celles-ci. La présente invention vise également un procédé de fabrication d'un tel tapis chauffant.The present invention relates to the field of heating devices and in particular deformable and conformable heating mats, intended to allow heat to be supplied to mechanical parts, in particular during their production. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a heating mat.

2. Etat de la technique2. State of the art

L'arrière-plan technique est illustré par les documents DE-U1-20 2011 003 742 , US-A-5 002 335 , US-A1-2011 114 619 , FR-A-1 031 119 et KR-A-2013 008 14 52 .The technical background is illustrated by the documents DE-U1-20 2011 003 742 , US-A-5,002,335 , US-A1-2011 114,619 , FR-A-1 031 119 And KR-A-2013 008 14 52 .

Aujourd'hui, dans le cadre de la fabrication de composés en matériaux composites, il est usuel d'utiliser des tapis chauffants pour permettre les étapes de polymérisations. Les tapis chauffants sont classiquement pilotés par une centrale de chauffage permettant notamment de gérer les différents cycles de chauffage, en particulier : la vitesse de montée en température, la température en palier (en général maximum 200°C), la durée du palier ainsi que la vitesse de descente en température.Today, in the context of the manufacture of composite material compounds, it is customary to use heating mats to enable the polymerization stages. Heating mats are conventionally controlled by a central heating unit which makes it possible to manage the different heating cycles, in particular: the speed of temperature rise, the level temperature (generally maximum 200°C), the duration of the level as well as the speed of temperature drop.

De manière classique et connue en soi, ces tapis chauffants sont constitués d'une matrice de matériau élastique (par exemple du silicone) au travers de laquelle circulent des résistances chauffantes sous forme de filaments résistifs reliées par un fil à la centrale de gestion.Conventionally and known per se, these heating mats are made up of a matrix of elastic material (for example silicone) through which heating resistors circulate in the form of resistive filaments connected by a wire to the management unit.

Les tapis chauffants de l'état de l'art présentent toutefois deux principaux inconvénients :

  • ils ne sont pas extensibles, ou dans des proportions relativement basses : en général 30 % dans une direction privilégiée,
  • ils sont conformables sur des formes en deux dimensions, mais pas sur des géométries complexes ou présentant des angles trop importants, par exemple des angles droits ou des angles aigus, rendant impossible de les faire suivre et s'ajuster à un coin ou une arête.
State-of-the-art heating mats, however, have two main disadvantages:
  • they are not extensible, or in relatively low proportions: generally 30% in a preferred direction,
  • they are conformable on two-dimensional shapes, but not on complex geometries or presenting too large angles, for example right angles or acute angles, making it impossible to make them follow and adjust to a corner or an edge.

Dans l'état actuel de la technique, si un tapis chauffant est utilisé pour la fabrication/finalisation d'une pièce complexe (par exemple en 3 dimensions ou présentant des arêtes) alors le risque que le tapis chauffant ne suive pas correctement la forme et/ou le contour de la pièce en question est important. Le risque d'endommagement du tapis est également élevé : en effet, si ledit tapis chauffant est mis sous pression pour être maintenu en position (par exemple au moyen d'une bâche à vide) le long du contour de la pièce à fabriquer/finaliser, alors les filaments résistifs risquent de rompre. Ces ruptures ont pour conséquence de mener à la défaillance du tapis.In the current state of the art, if a heating mat is used for the manufacture/finalization of a complex part (for example in 3 dimensions or with edges) then the risk that the heating mat does not correctly follow the shape and /or the contour of the part in question is important. The risk of damage to the carpet is also high: in fact, if said heating mat is put under pressure to be held in position (for example by means of a vacuum cover) along the contour of the part to be manufactured/finalized, then the resistive filaments risk breaking . These breaks result in the failure of the belt.

3. Objectif de l'invention3. Objective of the invention

Le présent déposant s'est donc fixé notamment comme objectif de présenter un tapis chauffant permettant d'assurer la fabrication/finition d'une pièce en matériau composite présentant une forme et/ou un contour complexe et/ou comportant au moins un angle et/ou une arête sans risquer d'endommager ledit tapis chauffant.The present applicant has therefore set itself the particular objective of presenting a heating mat making it possible to ensure the manufacture/finishing of a part made of composite material having a complex shape and/or contour and/or comprising at least one angle and/or or an edge without risking damaging said heating mat.

4. Exposé de l'invention4. Presentation of the invention

On parvient à cet objectif conformément à l'invention grâce à un tapis chauffant comportant une matrice en matériau élastique, ladite matrice étant traversée par au moins un élément de chauffage connecté à une source d'alimentation,

  • le tapis comportant au moins une cavité traversant la matrice de part en part, ladite cavité étant destinée à accueillir l'élément de chauffage,
  • ladite au moins une cavité présente un tracé ondulant,
  • chaque élément de chauffage est apte à se mouvoir au sein de ladite au moins une cavité, et
  • chaque élément de chauffage présente une forme de zigzag ou de spirale.
This objective is achieved in accordance with the invention thanks to a heating mat comprising a matrix of elastic material, said matrix being crossed by at least one heating element connected to a power source,
  • the mat comprising at least one cavity passing through the matrix right through, said cavity being intended to accommodate the heating element,
  • said at least one cavity has an undulating outline,
  • each heating element is able to move within said at least one cavity, and
  • each heating element has a zigzag or spiral shape.

Ainsi, cette solution permet d'atteindre l'objectif susmentionné. En particulier, à la fois le tracé des cavités (permettant à celles-ci de se déformer et de s'étendre), et la forme des éléments de chauffage (permettant également à ceux-ci de s'étirer et de se déformer au sein de chaque cavité sans risque d'endommagement), permettent de rapprocher les propriétés élastiques du tapis chauffant de celles d'une matrice de matériau élastique pur, permettant de plus grandes déformations.Thus, this solution makes it possible to achieve the aforementioned objective. In particular, both the layout of the cavities (allowing them to deform and expand), and the shape of the heating elements (also allowing them to stretch and deform within of each cavity without risk of damage), make it possible to bring the elastic properties of the heating mat closer to those of a matrix of pure elastic material, allowing greater deformations.

L'invention prend en compte également l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en combinaison :

  • chaque élément de chauffage est traité thermiquement,
  • chaque élément de chauffage est cintré,
  • l'au moins un élément de chauffage est un filament résistif,
  • le tapis est déformable élastiquement selon un angle de l'ordre de 90° sans compromettre le bon fonctionnement de l'au moins un filament résistif,
  • le tapis chauffant peut s'étendre d'au moins deux fois sa longueur dans toutes les directions sans compromettre le bon fonctionnement de l'au moins un filament résistif,
  • le matériau élastique est, par exemple, un silicone,
  • le tapis comprend plusieurs cavités et chacune recevant un élément de chauffage.
The invention also takes into account one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination:
  • each heating element is heat treated,
  • each heating element is curved,
  • the at least one heating element is a resistive filament,
  • the mat is elastically deformable at an angle of around 90° without compromising the proper functioning of the at least one resistive filament,
  • the heating mat can extend at least twice its length in all directions without compromising the proper functioning of the at least one resistive filament,
  • the elastic material is, for example, a silicone,
  • the mat comprises several cavities and each receiving a heating element.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un tapis chauffant en matrice de matériau élastique comportant les étapes suivantes :

  • dépôt d'une première couche de matrice de matériau élastique non vulcanisé dans un moule,
  • dépôt, en travers de cette première couche de matrice de matériau élastique non vulcanisé, d'au moins une protection formant paroi d'un tube ondulé,
  • insertion, dans chaque protection, d'un élément de chauffage,
  • dépôt d'une deuxième couche de matrice de matériau élastique non vulcanisée,
  • vulcanisation de l'ensemble de manière à ce que les deux couches de matériau élastique ne forment plus qu'une unique matrice unie et continue.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a heating mat made from an elastic material matrix comprising the following steps:
  • depositing a first matrix layer of unvulcanized elastic material in a mold,
  • deposit, across this first matrix layer of unvulcanized elastic material, of at least one protection forming the wall of a corrugated tube,
  • insertion, in each protection, of a heating element,
  • deposition of a second layer of unvulcanized elastic material matrix,
  • vulcanization of the whole so that the two layers of elastic material form only a single united and continuous matrix.

Le procédé peut également comporter l'une ou plusieurs des étapes suivantes :

  • chaque élément de chauffage est traité thermiquement avant insertion dans l'au moins une protection formant paroi du tube,
  • chaque élément de chauffage est cintré avant insertion dans l'au moins une protection formant paroi du tube,
  • l'au moins une protection formant paroi du tube est en Téflon®.
The process may also include one or more of the following steps:
  • each heating element is heat treated before insertion into the at least one protection forming the wall of the tube,
  • each heating element is bent before insertion into the at least one protection forming the wall of the tube,
  • the at least one protection forming the wall of the tube is made of Teflon® .

5. Brève description des figures5. Brief description of the figures

L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description explicative détaillée qui va suivre, de modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples purement illustratifs et non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un tapis chauffant selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un tapis chauffant selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the detailed explanatory description which follows, of embodiments of the invention given as an example. purely illustrative and non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which:
  • there figure 1 is a perspective view of a heating mat according to the invention,
  • there figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a heating mat according to the invention.

6. Description de modes de réalisation de l'invention6. Description of embodiments of the invention

La figure 1 montre un tapis chauffant 10 selon l'invention. En général de forme carrée, le tapis chauffant 10 présente classiquement des dimensions de 10 cm par 10 cm jusqu'à 60 par 60cm. Le tapis chauffant 10 peut également être de forme rectangulaire ou circulaire avec des dimensions allant jusqu'à 60 cm de côté ou de diamètre.There figure 1 shows a heating mat 10 according to the invention. Generally square in shape, the heating mat 10 typically has dimensions of 10 cm by 10 cm up to 60 by 60cm. The heating mat 10 can also be rectangular or circular in shape with dimensions of up to 60 cm side or diameter.

On peut voir que chaque tapis chauffant 10 est relié à une source d'alimentation électrique 12, plus particulièrement à une centrale de gestion de cycles de chauffages 12 présentant les possibilités usuelles des centrales de gestion déjà présentes sur le marché, tel que décrit en introduction. On voit, sur la figure 1, que le tapis chauffant 10 est flexible et peut être plié selon des angles variés. Le tapis chauffant 10 peut également être étiré.It can be seen that each heating mat 10 is connected to an electrical power source 12, more particularly to a heating cycle management unit 12 presenting the usual possibilities of management units already present on the market, as described in the introduction . We see, on the figure 1 , that the heating mat 10 is flexible and can be folded to various angles. The heating mat 10 can also be stretched.

Sur la figure 2, on peut voir que le tapis chauffant 10 selon l'invention présente une structure interne inhomogène. En effet, on constate que le tapis chauffant 10 présente une matrice 14 en matériau élastique, par exemple en silicone, dans laquelle est ménagée au moins une cavité 16 et traversant la matrice 14 de part en part. Le silicone a, en fonction de sa température de vulcanisation, certaines propriétés particulières et spécifiques.On the figure 2 , it can be seen that the heating mat 10 according to the invention has an inhomogeneous internal structure. Indeed, we see that the heating mat 10 has a matrix 14 made of elastic material, for example silicone, in which at least one cavity 16 is formed and passing through the matrix 14 right through. Silicone has, depending on its vulcanization temperature, certain particular and specific properties.

Comme visible sur la figure 2, chaque cavité 16 s'étend ainsi d'un premier bord B1 du tapis chauffant 10 vers un bord opposé B2 dudit tapis chauffant. Entre les bords B1 et B2, la cavité 16 change plusieurs fois de direction, de manière à présenter un tracé non linéaire, de préférence arrondi ou ondulant. On peut voir sur la figure 2 que chaque cavité 16 présente, alternativement, quatre courbures entre les bords B1 et B2.As visible on the figure 2 , each cavity 16 thus extends from a first edge B1 of the heating mat 10 towards an opposite edge B2 of said heating mat. Between the edges B1 and B2, the cavity 16 changes direction several times, so as to present a non-linear layout, preferably rounded or undulating. We can see on the figure 2 that each cavity 16 presents, alternately, four curvatures between the edges B1 and B2.

Le tracé de chaque cavité 16 est ondulant dans un espace tridimensionnel au sein du tapis chauffant 10.The outline of each cavity 16 is undulating in a three-dimensional space within the heating mat 10.

Chaque cavité 16 présente une section circulaire de 3 a 5 mm de diamètre de manière à former une sorte de tube. Elle présente une paroi 17 en Téflon® (polytétrafluoroéthylène - PTFE) ou en tout autres matériaux permettant aux deux feuilles de silicone de ne pas adhérer entre elles, comme par exemple du polypropylène haute température. Elle présente en outre un tracé ondulant et est séparée de ses deux cavités 16 voisines par une couche de minimum 3 mm de matrice 14. Chaque cavité 16 peut présenter un tracé unique. Chaque cavité 16 est suffisamment large pour accueillir un élément de chauffage 18. Dans le cas illustré en figure 2, il s'agit d'un filament résistif 18. Chaque cavité 16 est ainsi suffisamment large pour permettre le déplacement, sans risques d'endommagements au sein de ladite cavité 16, du filament résistif 18 accueilli. Les filaments résistifs 18 sont connectés à la centrale de gestion 12. Cette centrale de gestion 12 envoie classiquement des consignes de température sous forme de signaux électriques au travers des filaments résistifs 18.Each cavity 16 has a circular section of 3 to 5 mm in diameter so as to form a sort of tube. It has a wall 17 made of Teflon ® (polytetrafluoroethylene - PTFE) or any other materials allowing the two silicone sheets not to adhere to each other, such as high temperature polypropylene for example. It also has an undulating layout and is separated from its two neighboring cavities 16 by a layer of at least 3 mm of matrix 14. Each cavity 16 can have a unique layout. Each cavity 16 is wide enough to accommodate a heating element 18. In the case illustrated in figure 2 , it is a resistive filament 18. Each cavity 16 is thus sufficiently wide to allow the movement, without risk of damage within said cavity 16, of the resistive filament 18 accommodated. The resistive filaments 18 are connected to the management unit 12. This management unit management 12 conventionally sends temperature instructions in the form of electrical signals through the resistive filaments 18.

On constate également que chaque filament résistif 18 est cintré : il présente une forme de zigzag ou de spirale (de type tire-bouchon). Chaque filament résistif 18 peut ainsi se mouvoir et s'étirer au sein de la cavité 16, permettant une plus grande possibilité d'adaptation et de positionnement lorsque le tapis chauffant 10 est étiré et/ou plié.We also note that each resistive filament 18 is curved: it has a zigzag or spiral shape (corkscrew type). Each resistive filament 18 can thus move and stretch within the cavity 16, allowing a greater possibility of adaptation and positioning when the heating mat 10 is stretched and/or folded.

Chaque filament résistif 18 présente une trajectoire non rectiligne au sein de la cavité (16).Each resistive filament 18 has a non-rectilinear trajectory within the cavity (16).

Le risque de casser l'un des filaments résistifs 18 est ainsi réduit par rapport à une structure de tapis chauffant classique dans laquelle les filaments sont insérés de manière droite et linéaire au sein de la matrice de silicone 14.The risk of breaking one of the resistive filaments 18 is thus reduced compared to a conventional heating mat structure in which the filaments are inserted in a straight and linear manner within the silicone matrix 14.

Les filaments résistifs 18 peuvent, par exemple être composés de Nickel (Ni) et de chrome (Cr).The resistive filaments 18 can, for example, be composed of nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr).

Selon la présente invention, chaque filament résistif 18 est, également traité thermiquement après cintrage afin de réduire encore davantage leur risque de cassure. Le traitement thermique consiste typiquement en un chauffage à 1200°C pendant 5 à 6 heures.According to the present invention, each resistive filament 18 is also heat treated after bending in order to further reduce their risk of breakage. The heat treatment typically consists of heating at 1200°C for 5 to 6 hours.

Ce traitement des filaments résistifs 18 permet de rapprocher les caractéristiques de déformation et d'élasticité du tapis chauffant 10 de celles d'une matrice 14 de silicone pure. En effet, suite à ce traitement et cette disposition des filaments résistifs 18 au sein de la matrice 14 du tapis chauffant 10, le tapis chauffant 10 est déformable élastiquement selon un angle de 90° sans compromettre le bon fonctionnement des filaments résistif 18. De même, le tapis chauffant 10 selon l'invention peut s'étendre d'au moins deux fois sa longueur dans toutes les directions sans non plus compromettre le bon fonctionnement des filaments résistifs 18. Par « bon fonctionnement des filaments 18 » on entend l'absence de cassure ou d'endommagement ne permettant plus de véhiculer sans encombres les consignes de température issues de la centrale de gestion 12.This treatment of the resistive filaments 18 makes it possible to bring the deformation and elasticity characteristics of the heating mat 10 closer to those of a matrix 14 of pure silicone. Indeed, following this treatment and this arrangement of the resistive filaments 18 within the matrix 14 of the heating mat 10, the heating mat 10 is elastically deformable at an angle of 90° without compromising the proper functioning of the resistive filaments 18. Likewise , the heating mat 10 according to the invention can extend at least twice its length in all directions without compromising the proper functioning of the resistive filaments 18. By “proper operation of the filaments 18” we mean the absence breakage or damage no longer allowing the temperature instructions from the management unit 12 to be conveyed without problems.

Le tapis chauffant 10 est ainsi conformable à tout type de pièce/contour et déformable dans une ampleur suffisante pour permettre son utilisation en rapport avec des pièces de formes/contours complexes, telles que des pièces de turbomachines (par exemple des brides, des carters, des aubes, etc...).The heating mat 10 is thus conformable to any type of part/contour and deformable to a sufficient extent to allow its use in connection with parts of complex shapes/contours, such as turbomachine parts (for example flanges, casings, etc.). blades, etc.).

Le tapis chauffant 10 est fabriqué selon un procédé qui compte cinq étapes :

  • dépôt d'une première couche de matrice 14 de silicone non vulcanisé dans un moule,
  • dépôt, en travers de cette première couche de silicone 14 non vulcanisé, d'une protection en Téflon® ou en tout autres matériaux permettant aux deux feuilles de silicone de ne pas adhérer entre elles, par exemple du polypropylène haute température. La protection en Téflon® forme paroi 17 d'un tube ondulé,
  • insertion, dans chaque protection en Téflon®, d'un filament résistif 18 cintré et traité thermiquement,
  • dépôt d'une deuxième couche de matrice 14 de silicone non vulcanisée,
  • vulcanisation de l'ensemble 10 de manière à ce que les deux couches de silicones ne forment plus qu'une unique matrice 14 unie et continue.
The heating mat 10 is manufactured according to a process which has five stages:
  • depositing a first layer of unvulcanized silicone matrix 14 in a mold,
  • deposition, across this first layer of unvulcanized silicone 14, of a protection made of Teflon ® or any other materials allowing the two silicone sheets not to adhere to each other, for example high temperature polypropylene. The Teflon ® protection forms wall 17 of a corrugated tube,
  • insertion, in each Teflon ® protection, of a resistive filament 18 bent and heat treated,
  • deposition of a second layer of unvulcanized silicone matrix 14,
  • vulcanization of the assembly 10 so that the two layers of silicones only form a single, united and continuous matrix 14.

De cette manière, en fin de procédé, les filaments résistifs 18 sont enfermés dans les cavités 16, protégés en toutes directions par les parois de Téflon® 17 et les couches de la matrice 14 de silicone, couches qui ne forment dorénavant plus qu'un tapis chauffant 10 uni.In this way, at the end of the process, the resistive filaments 18 are enclosed in the cavities 16, protected in all directions by the walls of Teflon® 17 and the layers of the silicone matrix 14, layers which now only form a single layer. heating mat 10 plain.

Par vulcanisation, on entend un traitement thermique au-delà de 200°C sur quelques dizaines de minutes. Cette étape s'adapte suivant les types de silicone utilisés pour créer la matrice 14.Vulcanization means heat treatment above 200°C over several tens of minutes. This step adapts depending on the types of silicone used to create matrix 14.

Dans ces conditions de réalisation, le tapis chauffant selon l'invention 10 est plus souple et plus extensible et il est, par conséquent, plus facile de l'appliquer sur des formes/contours complexes incluant notamment des arêtes. Les filaments résistifs 18 ne sont plus les fusibles du système : le tapis chauffant 10 peut être étendu dans les trois dimensions et dans les limites élastiques du silicone. Ainsi les possibilités d'utilisation sont largement étendues et tous les procédés de mise en oeuvre d'un matériau nécessitant un apport de chaleur peuvent bénéficier de cette amélioration technique. Même si la pièce est géométriquement complexe, un tapis chauffant 10 conformable et déformable permet notamment de s'affranchir d'un autoclave ou d'une étuve dans certains cas : stratification composite, collage, préchauffage avant soudage ou brasage, dilatation d'une pièce avant montage serré ou serti.Under these production conditions, the heating mat according to the invention 10 is more flexible and more extensible and it is, therefore, easier to apply it to complex shapes/contours including in particular edges. The resistive filaments 18 are no longer the fuses of the system: the heating mat 10 can be extended in three dimensions and within the elastic limits of the silicone. Thus the possibilities of use are greatly extended and all processes for using a material requiring heat input can benefit from this technical improvement. Even if the part is geometrically complex, a conformable and deformable heating mat 10 makes it possible to do without an autoclave or an oven in certain cases: composite lamination, bonding, preheating before welding or brazing, expansion of a part before tight or crimped assembly.

Claims (10)

  1. A heating mat (10) comprising a matrix (14) made of elastic material, said matrix (14) having at least one heating element (18) passing therethrough and connected to a power source (12),
    - the mat (10) comprises at least one cavity (16) that fully passes through the matrix (14), said cavity (16) being intended to accommodate the heating element (18) and having an undulating layout,
    characterized in that:
    - each heating element (18) is capable of movement within said at least one cavity (16), and has a zigzag or spiral shape.
  2. The heating mat (10) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that each heating element (18) is heat treated.
  3. The heating mat (10) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that each heating element (18) is curved.
  4. The heating mat (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said at least one heating element (18) is a resistive filament.
  5. The heating mat (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said mat (10) is elastically deformable through an angle of about 90° without compromising the proper functioning of said at least one resistive filament (18).
  6. The heating mat (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating mat (10) can extend by at least twice its length in all directions without compromising the proper functioning of said at least one resistive filament (18).
  7. A method for manufacturing a heating mat (10) made of a matrix (14) made of elastic material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said method comprises the following steps:
    - depositing a first matrix layer (14) made of unvulcanised elastic material in a mould,
    - depositing, across this first matrix layer (14) made of unvulcanised elastic material, at least one wall protector (17) of an undulated tube,
    - inserting a heating element (18) into each protection,
    - depositing a second matrix layer (14) made of unvulcanised elastic material,
    - vulcanising the assembly (10) so that the first and second layers form a single continuous matrix (14).
  8. The method for manufacturing according to the preceding claim, characterised in that each heating element (18) is heat treated before insertion into said at least one wall protector (17) of the tube.
  9. The method for manufacturing according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that each heating element (18) is curved prior to inserting into said at least one wall protector (17) of the tube.
  10. The method for manufacturing according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that said at least one wall protector (17) of the tube is made of polytetrafluoroethylene - PTFE.
EP20726220.5A 2019-03-28 2020-03-16 Deformable and formable heating mat Active EP3949684B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1903212A FR3094609B1 (en) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Deformable and conformable heated mat
PCT/FR2020/050569 WO2020193915A1 (en) 2019-03-28 2020-03-16 Deformable and formable heating mat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3949684A1 EP3949684A1 (en) 2022-02-09
EP3949684B1 true EP3949684B1 (en) 2024-02-21

Family

ID=67742625

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20726220.5A Active EP3949684B1 (en) 2019-03-28 2020-03-16 Deformable and formable heating mat

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20220201805A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3949684B1 (en)
CN (1) CN113597816B (en)
CA (1) CA3134067A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3094609B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020193915A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1031119A (en) * 1950-01-19 1953-06-19 Brenneisen & Cie H flexible heating element
DE3423999A1 (en) * 1984-01-04 1985-07-11 Calorway Heiz-System Gmbh & Co, 8130 Starnberg Process for producing a heating mat and a heating mat produced therewith
SE465509B (en) * 1988-03-04 1991-09-23 Scandmec Mecania Ab PROCEDURES FOR MANUFACTURING AN ELECTRIC HEATED VEHICLE AND ELECTRIC HEATED VEHICLE
DE20318041U1 (en) * 2003-11-12 2004-02-19 Rieber Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating element for a food heating or cooking appliance has a heat insulating plate into which a groove is made to accept resistance heating wires
DE202004003677U1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2005-08-11 W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag Electric heater element comprises an electric conductor with a plastic core and an outer cover containing metal which at least partially consists of gold and/or silver
KR100880735B1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2009-02-02 주식회사 솔고 바이오메디칼 Method for bending the self-regulating cable and heating mat for protecting over-heating
CN201182844Y (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-01-21 为思有限公司 Modified type electric cushion
CN102912515A (en) * 2008-05-28 2013-02-06 瑟尔瑞株式会社 Electrically conductive pad
DE202008009579U1 (en) * 2008-07-16 2008-10-30 Greulich, Lothar heater
CN102099517B (en) * 2008-07-22 2013-05-29 贝卡尔特公司 Yarn for car seat heating with suitable lubricant
KR20120000878A (en) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-04 주식회사 유니웜 Carbon fiber heating seat and manufacturing method of heating seat using the same
DE202011003742U1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2011-05-26 Liu, Lin-Ho, Taipei Heat-dissipating mat
CN202206567U (en) * 2011-08-25 2012-04-25 桐乡市爱贝斯电暖科技有限公司 Compound heating cushion
KR20130081452A (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-07-17 최홍현 Electric heating device using thermal storage heating wire
CN202728023U (en) * 2012-07-13 2013-02-13 廊坊市金色时光科技发展有限公司 Heating pad body for seat
KR101659688B1 (en) * 2015-05-14 2016-09-23 이형곤 Heating mat
CN205468674U (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-08-17 廊坊金色时光科技发展有限公司 Seat heating device with cavity overlay type slot

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3949684A1 (en) 2022-02-09
US20220201805A1 (en) 2022-06-23
CN113597816A (en) 2021-11-02
FR3094609B1 (en) 2021-04-09
CA3134067A1 (en) 2020-10-01
WO2020193915A1 (en) 2020-10-01
FR3094609A1 (en) 2020-10-02
CN113597816B (en) 2024-09-20

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