EP3935337A2

EP3935337A2 - Active device for total inhibition of the recoil of firearms in the axis of the barrel

Info

Publication number: EP3935337A2
Application number: EP20725805.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Samuel DESSET
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-03-04
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2022-01-12
Also published as: FR3093559B1; US20220146218A1; FR3093559A1; WO2020178515A3; WO2020178515A2; US11624567B2

Abstract

The device (10) aligned with the axis of the barrel of a firearm (80) is designed to equalize, as well as possible, the momentum generated by the projectile and the burnt gases, by projecting (17) a mass of fluid at a given speed in the opposite direction. It consists of a support (11) to be attached to the weapon; a secondary valve mechanism (12) for sealing and filling the tank (13) with a pressurized fluid provided by an external system; a duct (14) for the gases to flow along; and a primary valve mechanism (15) for sealing and expelling the fluid in a discharge zone (16). The device according to the invention is particularly intended for military applications in order to improve the grouping of shots and to reduce the costs and limitations of using the barrels.

Description

Active device for total inhibition in the axis of the gun recoil barrel

DESCRIPTION

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention belongs to the field of devices for assisting in shooting a firearm.

More particularly, the invention belongs to the field of devices for assisting the shooting of a firearm, by absorbing the recoil of the weapon.

More particularly, the invention belongs to the field of devices for assisting the shooting of a firearm, by actively absorbing the recoil of the weapon.

PRIOR TECHNIQUE

Firing a projectile with a firearm generates a momentum that usually applies to the breech in the direction opposite to the movement of the projectile.

This momentum is transmitted to the rest of the weapon and then to the individual or medium carrying the weapon. Depending on the rigidity of the system, the recoil force may be more or less important depending on the time spread during which the support will dissipate the energy associated with the recoil.

This recoil force generates violent impulses, requiring systems to limit the forces on the support. Each shot disrupts the accuracy of subsequent shots. For larger guns, it is necessary to use shock absorbers and / or complex mechanisms, some of which take up ground to be able to contain this momentum.

In current and future conflicts, the use of a firearm by aerial drones is and will be severely limited by the amount of movement generated by the weapon when fired. Even if a current drone can carry a large caliber weapon, it cannot use it repeatedly, because from the first shot, the stability of the drone is compromised making the following shots not grouped, see random and dangerous.

Different systems for absorbing the recoil of a firearm exist (borrowing gases, springs, muzzle brake). However, most decrease the momentum due to the peak effort by dissipating the energy over a longer time. Others deflect some of the burnt gases perpendicular to the projectile.

Recoilless barrels are for example known today, these barrels have tubes which guide a projectile which is self-propelled. Starting from a use for standard ammunition, they gradually found their utility against anti-tank weapons. The first were used during the First World War (eg Davis gun). The combustion gases are used to push the shell into the barrel by taking pressure on the air behind the barrel. The loss of energy towards the rear is considerable and limits the use of this system because the speed of the shell is slow and the ammunition must be made to measure. Guide tubes became progressively interesting with the appearance of self-propelled ammunition, and particularly those with shaped charges, thanks to their efficiency independent of the speed of the ammunition. Today we find these guide tubes under names like rocket launcher, RPG, bazooka etc.

Another example operating on the same principle as the guide tubes are gas launchers using a fluid to push the ammunition in one direction and take support from the air such as the device described in US patent application 2,965,000 A.

The peculiarity of these weapons is that they are specifically designed not to have recoil and not an adaptable solution to the multitude of guns. In addition, these existing systems are limited in effectiveness except those which use self-propelled ammunition.

The present invention proposes a radical solution to this problem: Total inhibition in the axis of the barrel of the recoil transmitted to the support by means of a device attached to the rear of a weapon.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device for inhibiting recoil of firearms, and to be effective, the device must be perfectly aligned with the axis of the projectile / breech.

More particularly, the invention relates to a device for inhibiting in the axis of the barrel of recoil intended to be used with a firearm, said device carrying out a discharge of pressurized fluid in a direction opposite to the firing of the barrel for absorb the recoil of the weapon, characterized in that said device is fixed to the rear of said weapon and comprises:

- a support for fixing with the weapon;

a tank exclusive to said device and comprising the fluid to be discharged;

- a secondary mechanism ensuring the sealing and filling of the tank by an external system intended to supply said tank and being independent of the firearm;

- a system transmitting an order to discharge the fluid synchronized with the firing of the weapon;

- a primary mechanism ensuring sealing and discharge of the fluid;

- a part with a discharge zone comprising a neck cooperating with said primary mechanism.

The ultimate goal being that the fluid expelled at a certain velocity through the discharge zone equalizes in momentum that of the projectile and the burnt gases. The shape of the discharge zone, the pressure and volume of the fluid in the reservoir can be optimized for each type of firearm from small caliber to artillery barrel. The device of the invention can also include all or one of the following characteristics in any operable technical combination:

- The discharge zone comprises said neck, an expansion zone, and an outlet section having the shape of a Laval nozzle.

- The discharge zone has a converging and then diverging shaped flow profile, and in which the length and the end diameter of the diverging part allow the pressures between the expelled fluid and the external environment to be equalized.

- The pressurized fluid may very well be in its liquid or gaseous, hot or cold state, or resulting from combustion.

- The support and the weapon can be attached to one or more intermediate parts or mechanisms.

- The primary mechanism is configured to allow the discharge of a quantity of pressurized fluid generating a momentum at an outlet section of the discharge piece equal to the momentum generated by the shot and the gas of combustion of said weapon.

- The discharge zone is sized to generate said desired amount of movement when the fluid passes through its outlet section.

- The pressurized fluid is chosen from a pressurized gas or a mixture of pressurized gas, air, C02, water or any other liquid.

- The primary mechanism allowing the discharge of the pressurized fluid in the room with the discharge zone uses a mechanism chosen from an electrical, mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic mechanism to actuate and / or control the discharge of fluid. For example, a jack or an electromechanical force transmitting the discharge command to a valve of the primary mechanism following the detection of a rise in combustion pressure of gas from the weapon or the movement of the breech relative to the frame.

- The device is configured to fill the tank from an external source of fluid and following each firing of the weapon, or continuously to maintain a predefined fluid level and / or fluid pressure.

- The secondary mechanism for filling the tank uses a mechanism chosen from among an electrical, mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic mechanism to actuate the filling of the tank. For example, the device uses the movement of the cylinder head relative to the frame to actuate a valve of said secondary mechanism allowing the tank to be filled.

- The primary mechanism comprises means for regulating the pressurized fluid discharge time, such as a return spring or a timer. In a preferred embodiment, the system transmitting the discharge order (14) of the device of the invention comprises:

- a pipe comprising an incompressible fluid and able to connect with a gas borrow pipe of the weapon when the device is fixed with said weapon, said pipe opening onto the primary mechanism ensuring the sealing and the discharge of the tank ,

and in which device the discharge order is transmitted by the incompressible fluid transmitting a rise in pressure in the gas borrow pipe during a firing, said rise in pressure accumulates at the level of the primary mechanism configured to actuate the discharge of fluid below a certain pressure threshold.

The primary mechanism comprises a needle comprising a head regulating the flow of fluid discharge by sealing / unblocking the neck of the discharge zone, and the rise in pressure in the pipe causes the needle to move when the rise in pressure is greater. to the internal pressure of the vessel, thus allowing the discharge of the pressurized fluid contained in said vessel.

In another embodiment, the system transmitting the discharge order is based on the recoil of the breech from the support or is based on the detection of gas or combustion gas pressure of the weapon to transmit the order. discharge to the primary system to discharge the fluid, said discharge command being transmitted by means of a mechanism selected from an electrical, mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic mechanism. For example, the device uses the movement of the cylinder head relative to the frame to actuate the valve of the primary mechanism by means of an electromechanical mechanism thus allowing the discharge of fluid.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will be better understood from reading the following description and examining the accompanying figures. These are presented only as an indication and in no way limit the invention.

[Fig. 1] shows the device according to the invention (10) mounted at the rear of a barrel (80) according to one embodiment. The partial section of the isometric view makes it possible to understand the interactions, as well as the resulting material jet.

[Fig. 2] shows the device according to the invention, according to one embodiment.

[Fig. 3] shows the device (10) at the rear of a firearm (80) in one embodiment of the assembly 90.

[Fig. 4] shows an exploded view of Figure 2 of the device according to the invention in one embodiment. [Fig. 5] shows in section Figure 3 with the device at the rear of a firearm, as well as their interactions in one embodiment.

[Fig. 6] is a detailed sectional view of Figure 2 showing the device according to the invention in one embodiment.

In the drawings, similar elements performing the same functions, even of different shape, bear the same reference mark.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention provides a weapon recoil inhibitor for attachment to the rear of a weapon. The device is very advantageous in that it can be adapted for use with different types of weapons available on the market. Depending on a chosen weapon, said device is adapted to perform a discharge of fluid generating a momentum opposing the momentum generated by the projectile and the gas burnt when fired from said weapon.

More particularly, the present invention relates to a device (Fig. 1) for inhibiting in the axis of the recoil barrel intended to be implemented with a firearm, said device performing a discharge of fluid under pressure in one direction. opposite to the axis of the barrel to absorb the recoil of the weapon.

Unlike recoilless weapons of the prior art, the device of the invention is particular in that it is an independent part of the weapon which is attached to the rear of the latter and comprises specific elements and exclusive for the operation of said device.

The device (10) of the invention comprises:

- a support (1 1) for fixing with the weapon;

- a tank (13) exclusive to said device and comprising the fluid to be discharged;

- a secondary mechanism (12) ensuring the sealing and filling of the tank (13) by an external system (not shown) intended to supply said tank and being independent of the firearm;

- a system transmitting a discharge order (14) of the fluid synchronized with the firing of the weapon;

- a primary mechanism (15) ensuring the sealing and the discharge of the fluid;

- a part with a discharge zone (16) comprising a neck (16b) cooperating with said primary mechanism (15).

The detailed description below relates to particular embodiments of the invention, but the latter is not limited to these embodiments alone. Likewise, the values Numbers are given only by way of example and in no way limit the invention. The device illustrated in FIGS. 1 - 6 corresponds to an embodiment in which the system transmitting the discharge order comprises a pipe comprising an incompressible fluid capable of connecting with a gas borrow pipe of the weapon when the device is fixed with said weapon. Said pipe opens onto the primary mechanism ensuring the sealing and discharge of the tank (13) and transmits the discharge order by means of a pressure increase in said pipe, as will be detailed below. This embodiment is given by way of example and the device of the invention can use other mechanisms to transmit the discharge order to the primary mechanism (15) without departing from the scope of the invention.

With reference to figure 2 [Fig. 2] and figure 4 [Fig. 4], the device (10) according to the invention comprises:

-a support for fixing a weapon (1 1);

-a secondary mechanism (12) such as a valve or valve mechanism;

-a tank (13);

-a gas borrow pipe (14);

-a primary mechanism (15) such as a valve or valve mechanism;

-a room with a discharge zone (16).

With reference to figure 3 [Fig. 3] and figure 5 [Fig. 5], the assembly (90) is composed of the device (10) according to the invention in one embodiment attached to the rear of any firearm (80). The latter (80) not forming part of the device of the invention, but necessary for compression, mainly comprises:

-a fixing frame (81) transmitting all the forces to the support (1 1);

-a projectile (82);

-an expanding combustion gas line (83);

-a socket (84);

-a piston (85) which transmits the pressure of the combustion gases to the gas borrow pipe (14) via a fluid (14a).

With reference to Figure 5 [Fig. 5] and figure 6 [Fig. 6], the gas borrow pipe (14) comprises: -the fluid (14a) propagating the pressure wave coming from the piston (85) towards the device (10);

-a pipe (14b) containing the fluid (14a) connected at one end to the firearm (80) and at the other end to the device (10);

-a filling area (14c). With reference to Figure 6 [Fig. 6], the primary mechanism (15) ensuring the sealing and the discharge comprises:

-a support (15a) fixed to the part with the discharge zone (16) via fixing members (15h); -a pipe (15c) allowing the passage of the fluid (14a); -a needle (15d)

-a return spring (15th);

With reference to detail C and detail D of FIG. 6 [FIG. 6], the needle (15d) mainly comprises 2 specific zones located at its ends:

-a head of the needle (15f);

-a rear of the needle (15g).

With reference to Figure 6 [Fig. 6], the part with the discharge zone (16) mainly comprises: -a machined support (16a) allowing the assembly of the various elements of the device;

-the flow neck (16b);

-an expansion zone (16c);

-an output section (16d);

-an internal pipe (16f) connecting the pipes (14b) and (15c) together to allow the passage of the fluid (14a).

The reservoir (13), contains a pressurized fluid which may in this embodiment be air. This reservoir is supplied by an external system via a secondary filling mechanism ^ 2). The filling can be done permanently or synchronized with the mechanism of the firearm.

In this embodiment, when the firearm (80) is fired, the burning chemical in the casing (84) generates hot gases which push the projectile (82) forward. As soon as the projectile has passed the entry point (83), the piston (85) is moved by pressure transmitting the pressure wave generated by the burning gases to the gas borrow pipe (14). The fluid (14a) of this pipe will, via the pipe (16f) and (15c) accumulate in the space (14c), between the support (15a) and the tail of the needle (15g) (fig. 7) . This rise in pressure greater than the internal pressure of the tank will move the needle (15d). The movement of the latter will break the seal between the needle head (15f) and the back of the neck (16b) (fig. 8), which will release the pressurized fluid in the expansion zone (16c) .

When the force exerted on the needle (15d) by the pressure inside the tank and the return spring (15e) is greater than the pressure of the fluid (14a) of the gas borrowing; the head of the needle (15f) will fall back on the neck (16b) and again ensure a seal allowing the tank (13) to fill. The device (10) is again ready for a new firing cycle. In this embodiment, the neck (16b) and the expansion zone (16c) take the form of a Laval nozzle. This neck (16b) imposes a sonic limit on the outgoing fluid and consequently the mass flow rate of the device (10). The divergent-shaped expansion zone (16c) allows the expansion of this fluid by decrease in pressure and increase in speed. The end diameter of this zone (16d) is said to be “adapted” to allow maximum use of the energy contained in the pressurized fluid while ensuring an outlet pressure of the fluid equivalent to the pressure of the external environment.

At this point, the momentum of the expelled air equalizes the momentum of the projectile and the flue gases.

More particularly, the nozzle has a physical phenomenon specific to it or the speed of the fluid in its throat cannot have a speed greater than the speed of sound in the throat. The flow can be subsonic, sonic, but not supersonic.

However, the diverging part of the nozzle is itself generally supersonic.

The pressure and temperature of the tank define the density of the fluid in the neck.

Consequently, the section of the throat, the temperature and the pressure in the tank determine the mass flow obtained through the throat. The fluid in this neck is not fully relaxed and will gradually do so in the diverging portion until its pressure equals the external pressure (suitable nozzle).

The pressure in the diverging portion of the nozzle decreases, but the volume increases and continues to accelerate to reach its outlet speed which is a function only of the final section of the diverging portion.

To obtain a certain amount of movement at the end of the nozzle, it suffices to determine the corresponding speed, because the mass flow rate is constant all along the nozzle.

The physics of the proposed solution is illustrated in the following momentum equation in which the influence of the device is represented by an additional term P nozzle:

If we consider the current cannons / howitzers / ... with their shock absorber system, we have:

And we want to remove the amount of movement on the carriage / frame.

However if Paffut = 0 in this equation it means that Pobus = 0, (either the shell has no mass or speed).

The device according to the invention makes it possible to add an analytical term so that Paffut = 0.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This device according to the invention is particularly intended for the military field where the forces and impulses generated during firing are limiting factors in the designs and uses which are current or future. The use of the device allows, for example, self-supporting artillery systems using wheeled vehicles to be able to fire in any direction without taking support from the

Claims

1. Device (10) for inhibiting in the axis of the barrel of the recoil intended to be implemented with a firearm, said device carrying out a discharge of pressurized fluid in a direction opposite to the firing of the barrel to absorb the recoil of the weapon, characterized in that said device is fixed to the rear of said weapon and comprises: -a support (1 1) for fixing with the weapon;

a tank (13) exclusive to said device and comprising the fluid to be discharged;

-a secondary mechanism (12) ensuring the sealing and filling of the tank (13) by an external system intended to supply said tank and being independent of the firearm;

-a system transmitting a discharge order (14) of the fluid synchronized with the firing of the weapon;

-a primary mechanism (15) ensuring the sealing and the discharge of the fluid;

2. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the discharge zone comprises said neck (16b), an expansion zone (16c), and an outlet section (16d) having a shape of Laval nozzle.

3. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the discharge zone has a flow profile of convergent and then divergent shape, and in which the length and the end diameter of the divergent make it possible to equalize the pressures. between the expelled fluid and the external environment.

4. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary mechanism (15) comprises a needle (15d) comprising a head (15f) regulating the fluid discharge rate by sealing / un-sealing the neck. (16b) from the discharge area.

Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary mechanism is configured to allow the discharge of a quantity of pressurized fluid generating a quantity of movement at an outlet section (16d). of the discharge zone equal to the momentum generated by the firing of the projectile and the combustion gas of said weapon.

6. Device (10) any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the pressurized fluid is chosen from a pressurized gas or a mixture of pressurized gas, air, CO2, water or all other liquid.

7. Device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the discharge zone is dimensioned to generate said desired quantity of movement when the fluid passes through its outlet section (16d).

8. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary mechanism (15) allowing the discharge of the pressurized fluid in the room with the discharge zone (16) uses a mechanism chosen from an electric mechanism. , mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic to actuate and / or control the discharge of fluid.

9. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the system transmitting the discharge order (14) comprises:

- a pipe comprising a fluid (14a) incompressible and able to connect with a gas borrow pipe of the weapon when the device is fixed with said weapon, and said pipe opens onto the primary mechanism (15) ensuring the sealing and discharge of the tank (13),

and in which device, the discharge command is transmitted by the incompressible fluid (14a) transmitting a rise in pressure in the gas borrow pipe during firing, said rise in pressure accumulating at the level of the primary mechanism (15) configured to actuate the discharge of fluid below a certain pressure threshold.

10. Device (10) according to claim 9, wherein the primary mechanism comprises a needle (15d) comprising a head (15f) regulating the fluid discharge rate by sealing / un-sealing of the neck (16b) of the zone of. discharge, and the rise in pressure in the pipe causes the displacement of the needle (15d) when the rise in pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the tank (13) thus allowing the discharge of the pressurized fluid contained in said tank (13) .

11. Device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the system transmitting the discharge order is based on the recoil of the cylinder head relative to the support or on the detection of gas or gas pressure. combustion of the weapon to transmit the discharge order to the primary system, said discharge order being transmitted by means of a mechanism chosen from among an electrical, mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic mechanism.

12. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the device is configured to perform the filling of the tank (13) from an external source of fluid and following each firing of the weapon, or continuously to maintain a predefined fluid level and / or fluid pressure.