EP0557209B1 - Shock-absorbing device for shoulder firearms with disposable damper - Google Patents

Shock-absorbing device for shoulder firearms with disposable damper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557209B1
EP0557209B1 EP19930400447 EP93400447A EP0557209B1 EP 0557209 B1 EP0557209 B1 EP 0557209B1 EP 19930400447 EP19930400447 EP 19930400447 EP 93400447 A EP93400447 A EP 93400447A EP 0557209 B1 EP0557209 B1 EP 0557209B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damper
fact
weapon
weapon according
shoulder pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19930400447
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0557209A1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dilhan
Jean Baricos
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C23/00—Butts; Butt plates; Stocks
    • F41C23/06—Stocks or firearm frames specially adapted for recoil reduction
    • F41C23/08—Recoil absorbing pads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of long guns fitted with shock absorbers.
  • a long gun for the use of a rocket launcher comprising at least one weapon tube, a barrel equipped with means forming a stock and handle and firing control means, as well as means for longitudinally resilient biasing of the weapon tube forwards inserted between the weapon tube and the barrel.
  • the elastic biasing means mainly comprise a helical spring.
  • the document FR-A-2653870 has described weapon systems comprising a weapon tube and a fixed reference, which can be a shoulder pad or handles for shooting at the shoulder, or a mount in other cases, the weapon tube being guided with respect to sliding to the fixed reference and at least one damping device functionally interposed between the weapon tube and the fixed reference, in order to limit the force applied to the fixed reference during the ejection of a projectile or missile.
  • Document FR-A-2653870 has in particular described shock absorbers comprising deformable structures based on honeycombs or hollow balls.
  • the Applicant has considered replacing the shock absorbers based on an elastic structure described in documents US-A-2455438, US-A-2468349, US-A-2677207, US-A-3696544, DE-C-100961, US-A -1805273 and FR-A-2645952 by damping devices of the type described in document FR-A-2653870.
  • the present invention now aims to improve the systems described in the aforementioned documents, to allow the shooting of long-range projectiles or ammunition in the shoulder, in particular the shoulder shooting of grenades using rifles assault.
  • the present invention solves the aforementioned problem by placing the damping device not between a weapon tube and a barrel, but directly at the level of the butt of the weapon. Furthermore, the present invention proposes to make the reference using a box housing the deformable damping device. This arrangement allows a compact realization. The present invention allows a change of the damping device after it has been put out of use.
  • the characteristic c) above makes it possible on the one hand to benefit before the firing of a shoulder rest, constituted by the case, firmly connected to the long gun, and consequently allows a precise and undisturbed aiming.
  • the previous elastic dampers did not give no satisfaction whatsoever. Indeed, an elastic structure being inserted between the rear of the long gun and the part forming a shoulder resting against a shoulder of the shooter, a firm hold of the weapon and therefore, a precise aim was not possible .
  • the characteristic c) above also makes it possible to avoid, at the time of firing, any initial stroke in the vacuum of the weapon tube, capable of bringing kinetic energy to the latter.
  • characteristic d) above makes it possible to remove the housing and the damping device, in particular for the firing of low mass ammunition. None of the documents of the prior art teaches or suggests this characteristic of removability.
  • the damping device comprises a penetrating piston capable of entering the deformable damping device and at least one of the penetrating piston or the damping device has a leading face which is generally inclined by relative to the relative direction of movement of the weapon tube / shoulder rest, so that the penetrating piston and the damping device have opposite facing faces which diverge.
  • this arrangement allows a progressive application of the recoil force to the damping device and therefore an effective damping of the force transmitted to the shoulder of the weapon.
  • the leading face inclined on the axis of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad is symmetrical with respect to this axis. So the weapon tube moves along its axis during the deformation of the damping device and the latter does not disturb the accuracy of the shot.
  • the damping device produced in the form of an accessory comprises a removable case comprising on the one hand an interface piece designed to be engaged on the butt of a rifle and on the other hand a reference piece forming a shoulder pad, capable of relative displacement relative to the interface piece, in which one of the two pieces carries a penetrating piston.
  • At least one of the penetrating piston and of the damping device has an attack face stepped in steps facing the axis of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.
  • the damping device comprises at least one block of honeycombs.
  • the honeycomb block has its walls oriented parallel to the direction of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.
  • the damping device comprises at least one tube with non-elastic deformation, preferably of metal, oriented parallel to the direction of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.
  • the damping device comprises at least one block of foam material with non-elastic deformation.
  • the invention also relates directly to the damping device forming an accessory independent of the long gun, as well as the disposable refills of deformable damping devices designed to be placed in the housing of the damping device.
  • a damping device 100 arranged as an accessory designed to be selectively engaged on the stock C of a rifle F.
  • the device d damping 100 can be placed on the stock C of the rifle F for the firing of high mass projectiles requiring a damping of the effort of recoil, but it can be removed for firing projectiles of lower mass generating an acceptable recoil effort.
  • the axis of the rifle F which corresponds to the axis of relative displacement of the gun barrel / shock absorber, is referenced 0-0.
  • the damping device 100 comprises three parts: an interface piece 110, a deformable damping device 140 and a case 170 forming a shoulder pad.
  • the interface piece 110 is adapted to be selectively fixed on the stock C of the rifle F. It essentially comprises a flat wall 112, perpendicular to the axis 0-0, and two skirts 114 and 116 of the same geometry, complementary to the section of the butt C. The skirts 114 and 116 are placed respectively on either side of the wall 112 and are connected on the periphery thereof.
  • the front skirt 114 is intended to be engaged on the stock C of a rifle, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the rear skirt 116 is adapted to slide the housing 170.
  • the cross section of the smallest opening contour of the housing part 170 engaged on the stock - ie the cross section of the skirt 114 according to FIG. 1 - is preferably of the order of magnitude of, very advantageously equal to, the largest cross section of the stock C receiving the housing 170.
  • the housing 170 essentially comprises a wall 172 transverse to the axis OO and a skirt 174 perpendicular to this wall 172.
  • the external surface 173 of the wall 172 is shaped as a shoulder pad. This surface 173 can be the subject of numerous embodiments. It will therefore not be described in more detail below.
  • the skirt 174 preferably has a contour complementary to that of the skirt 116 so that the skirt 174 can be guided to slide along the axis OO inside the skirt 116, as shown in FIG. 1, or the case alternatively if necessary outside of this skirt 116.
  • means are provided, such as latching means or the like, preventing any unwanted separation of the part 110 and the housing 170, as well as, where appropriate, any unwanted separation of the part 110 and the stock. vs.
  • the deformable damping device 140 is designed to be placed between the part 110 and the case 170. It can be formed of any deformable structures with non-elastic deformation suitable for operating a damping effect.
  • the damping device 140 can be formed from the structures described in document FR-A-2653870, advantageously from deformable structures based on honeycombs or hollow balls.
  • the deformable damping device 140 is formed of a block of honeycombs whose walls are oriented parallel to the axis O-O.
  • honeycomb structures are formed by a set of planar walls inclined with respect to each other to delimit cells, generally hexagonal.
  • the accessory 100 To fire a projectile of significant mass, it suffices to place the accessory 100 on the conventional stock C of a long gun F, as shown in FIG. 1. To fire a projectile of low mass, the accessory 100 can be removed. The long gun is then used in a conventional manner.
  • the housing 170 is removed, the block used shock absorber 140 is eliminated, a new shock absorber block 140 is placed in the housing 170 and this is repositioned on the part 110.
  • the damping device 140 has leading faces 142 and 144, which are planar and transverse to the axis O-O. Furthermore, this damping device 140 is placed between two bearing faces 118 and 176 formed respectively by the walls 112 and 172, which are also plane and perpendicular to the axis O-O.
  • the recoil force is distributed from the outset over the entire surface of the damping device 140.
  • the recoil force is initially applied to a limited area of the damper device 140. This guarantees that the force applied to the damper device 140 is sufficient to initiate the deformation of the latter.
  • the inclination of surfaces 118, 142, 176 and 144 is symmetrical relative to the axis O-O.
  • the surface 176 is stepped in steps in the section plane of FIG. 3. It converges towards the axis O-O, in approach to the part 110.
  • the surface 176 has respectively on either side of the axis O-O, five pitches 181 of 1 mm each.
  • this example is given only without limitation.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the surface 176 of the penetrating piston 180 formed on the housing 170 is inclined continuously relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis O-O.
  • the surface 176 is delimited by two flat sections 1760 and 1761 symmetrical with respect to the axis O-O. these two sides 1760 and 1761 converge towards the axis O-O in approach to the part 110. They meet at a straight edge 1762.
  • the aforementioned inclined attack surface can however be placed no longer on the face of the housing 170 adjacent to the damping device 140, but at another active face of the damping system.
  • the inclined face is formed of planar facets.
  • it could be a face inclined in steps as shown in FIG. 3 or else a face having a non-planar non-discontinuous inclination, for example an inclination of the parabolic type.
  • the shape of the inclination makes it possible to adapt the shape of the rising front of the force applied to the shoulder pad 170.
  • the damping system represented in FIGS. 1, 3, 6 to 9 comprises three parts: part 110, the damping device 140 and the housing 170.
  • damping device 140 integral with the part 110 or with the housing 170.
  • the damping device 100 then no longer comprises three parts, but only two parts. In this case after use, it is of course advisable to change the assembly integral with the damping device 140.
  • the part 110 can be omitted by adapting the case 170 accordingly so that the latter can be engaged directly on the stock C of the weapon F, free to slide relative to to this weapon along the axis OO.
  • the housing 170 can be reused, or provide a device damping formed of a single piece: a housing 170 secured to a damping device 140, in which case after use it is necessary to change the assembly.
  • an inclined face is provided on the internal face of the case 170.
  • the rear face of the conventional stock C of the weapon F is used, which is inclined on the axis O-O.
  • the housing is designed to impose permanent and non-elastic contact between the deformable damping device comprising the non-elastic deformation structure and, on the one hand the rear of the long gun, and on the other hand the shoulder part of the casing.
  • FIG. 12 shows another alternative embodiment in which the damping device 140 is based on hollow balls.
  • hollow balls can be used in any of the previously described variants.
  • FIG. 13 shows a curve of the recoil force measured on the housing 170, as a function of time, during the ejection of an AC 58 type grenade using an assault rifle .
  • the damping device 140 according to the present invention used for carrying out the tests during which the curve shown in FIG. 13 was measured was composed of a block of 6 mm mesh honeycombs, with a surface area of 1970 mm, i.e. 30 x 66 mm, the thickness of the device being 30 mm and the walls of the honeycomb being oriented parallel to the axis OO.
  • the damping system according to the present invention makes it possible to clip the input force of 26.95 kN at a maximum output value of 4.12 kN for a duration of 8 ms.
  • the surface of the shock absorber device 140 is determined experimentally as a function of the maximum force sought on the shoulder pad 170.
  • the damping device 140 is designed to clip the output force on the shoulder pad to a maximum value of 1200 N, very preferably 700 N and this advantageously for a maximum duration of 0.2s, very advantageously a maximum duration of 0.02s.
  • the damping device 140 can be formed of modules capable of being stacked in the case 170. Thus it suffices to stack a selected variable number of dampers in the case 170 to adapt the system to the mass of the projectile to be sent. .
  • the damping device 140 can be prestressed to facilitate the initiation of the deformation of the honeycomb. This prestressing is preferably carried out so as to generate a pre-buckling of the honeycomb less than 5% of the total length thereof.
  • the present invention also allows shots in the supine position to projectiles of large mass, using long guns, in good conditions of comfort.
  • the damping device 140 can be made from any suitable material, preferably based on plastic or metal. This device can optionally be molded in one piece with the case 170 or with the piece 110.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of shock absorbers based on honeycombs. It extends to the use of all appropriate shock absorbers, in particular to shock absorbers with base of hollow beads.
  • the Applicant also proposes to use as a damping device at least one tube with non-elastic deformation extending parallel to the direction of movement relative to the weapon tube / shoulder pad.
  • the Applicant has in particular obtained very satisfactory results during tests using a damping device comprising a single aluminum tube with an external diameter of 20mm with a thickness of 0.3mm and a length 45mm.
  • the Applicant has also carried out satisfactory tests using blocks of foam material with non-elastic deformation.
  • these foams have a density of between 30 and 80 kg / m3 very preferably of the order of 40 to 60 kg / m3.
  • These foams are preferably formed of polyurethane.
  • the Applicant has in particular obtained satisfactory results during tests carried out using a block of polyurethane foam with a density of 40 kg / m3 of dimensions 60 x 50 x 60mm, as well as using '' a block of polyurethane foam with a density of 60kg / m3 of 60 x 43 x 60mm.
  • shock absorber 140 It is advantageous to place the shock absorber at the level of the stock and not on the barrel of a weapon. Indeed, this arrangement raises the value of the receding mass and therefore reduces the thickness required for the shock absorber 140.
  • the parts 110 and 170 are independent. As a variant, these parts 110 and 170 can be connected by a deformable part.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des armes d'épaule munies d'amortisseurs.The present invention relates to the field of long guns fitted with shock absorbers.

On a déjà proposé de nombreuses armes d'épaule comportant des dispositifs amortisseurs.Numerous long guns have already been proposed comprising damping devices.

Les documents US-A-1842527, US-A-2455438, US-A-2468349, US-A-2677207, US-A-3696544, DE-C-100961 et US-A-1805273 par exemple décrivent des armes d'épaule, connues pour certaines d'entre elles depuis plus de 60 ans, qui comprennent un boîtier fixé sur la crosse de l'arme et qui loge un dispositif amortisseur élastique. En pratique, les systèmes décrits dans ces documents n'ont pas connu de succès commercial.Documents US-A-1842527, US-A-2455438, US-A-2468349, US-A-2677207, US-A-3696544, DE-C-100961 and US-A-1805273 for example describe weapons of shoulder, known for some of them for more than 60 years, which include a housing fixed on the butt of the weapon and which houses an elastic shock-absorbing device. In practice, the systems described in these documents have not known commercial success.

Le document FR-A-2645952 décrit un autre système destiné à neutraliser le recul provoqué par le tir d'une arme à feu. Le système décrit dans ce document comprend un ensemble à ressort - hydraulique ou à gaz, inspiré des dispositifs amortisseurs connus pour véhicules automobiles. Là encore, ce système n'a pas connu de succès commercial en pratique.Document FR-A-2645952 describes another system intended to neutralize the recoil caused by the firing of a firearm. The system described in this document comprises a spring assembly - hydraulic or gas, inspired by known damping devices for motor vehicles. Again, this system has not had commercial success in practice.

La Demanderesse a elle-même proposé différents perfectionnements aux dispositifs amortisseurs connus pour armes à feu, dans les documents FR-A-2625800 et FR-A-2653870.The Applicant has itself proposed various improvements to known damping devices for firearms, in documents FR-A-2625800 and FR-A-2653870.

On a décrit dans le document FR-A-2625800 une arme d'épaule à usage de lance-roquette comportant au moins un tube d'arme, un fût équipé de moyens formant crosse et poignée et de moyens de commande de tir, ainsi que des moyens de sollicitation élastique longitudinale du tube d'arme vers l'avant intercalés entre le tube d'arme et le fût. Selon le document FR-A-2625800 les moyens de sollicitation élastique comprennent principalement un ressort hélicoïdal.There has been described in document FR-A-2625800 a long gun for the use of a rocket launcher comprising at least one weapon tube, a barrel equipped with means forming a stock and handle and firing control means, as well as means for longitudinally resilient biasing of the weapon tube forwards inserted between the weapon tube and the barrel. According to document FR-A-2625800, the elastic biasing means mainly comprise a helical spring.

Par ailleurs on a décrit dans le document FR-A-2653870 des systèmes d'armes comprenant un tube d'arme et une référence fixe, pouvant être une épaulière ou des poignées pour un tir à l'épaule, ou un affût dans les autres cas, le tube d'arme étant guidé à coulissement par rapport à la référence fixe et au moins un dispositif d'amortissement intercalé fonctionnellement entre le tube d'arme et la référence fixe, pour écrêter l'effort appliqué à la référence fixe lors de l'éjection d'un projectile ou missile. Le document FR-A-2653870 a en particulier décrit des amortisseurs comportant des structures déformables à base de nids d'abeilles ou de billes creuses.Furthermore, the document FR-A-2653870 has described weapon systems comprising a weapon tube and a fixed reference, which can be a shoulder pad or handles for shooting at the shoulder, or a mount in other cases, the weapon tube being guided with respect to sliding to the fixed reference and at least one damping device functionally interposed between the weapon tube and the fixed reference, in order to limit the force applied to the fixed reference during the ejection of a projectile or missile. Document FR-A-2653870 has in particular described shock absorbers comprising deformable structures based on honeycombs or hollow balls.

La Demanderesse a envisagé de remplacer les amortisseurs à base de structure élastique décrits dans les documents US-A-2455438, US-A-2468349, US-A-2677207, US-A-3696544, DE-C-100961, US-A-1805273 et FR-A-2645952 par des dispositifs amortisseurs du type décrit dans le document FR-A-2653870.The Applicant has considered replacing the shock absorbers based on an elastic structure described in documents US-A-2455438, US-A-2468349, US-A-2677207, US-A-3696544, DE-C-100961, US-A -1805273 and FR-A-2645952 by damping devices of the type described in document FR-A-2653870.

Toutefois les premières tentatives visant à intégrer des amortisseurs à base de nids d'abeilles ou de billes creuses entre un tube d'arme et un fût n'ont pas été couronnées entièrement de succès.However, the first attempts to integrate shock absorbers based on honeycombs or hollow balls between a weapon tube and a barrel were not entirely successful.

La présente invention a maintenant pour but d'améliorer les systèmes décrits dans les documents précités, pour permettre le tir à l'épaule de projectiles ou munitions de masse importante, en particulier le tir à l'épaule de grenades à l'aide de fusils d'assaut.The present invention now aims to improve the systems described in the aforementioned documents, to allow the shooting of long-range projectiles or ammunition in the shoulder, in particular the shoulder shooting of grenades using rifles assault.

On sait que lors de tirs de projectiles,tels que des grenades, de masse importante, par exemple de l'ordre de 0,5Kg et plus, a l'aide de fusils d'assaut classiques, l'effort de recul est trop important et traumatisant.We know that during the firing of projectiles, such as grenades, of large mass, for example of the order of 0.5 kg and more, using conventional assault rifles, the force of recoil is too great and traumatic.

Par ailleurs l'utilisation de projectiles de masse importante exige des positions de tir délicates et interdit certaines positions de tir, telles que la position couchée.Furthermore, the use of large-mass projectiles requires delicate firing positions and prohibits certain firing positions, such as the prone position.

Le but précité est atteint selon la présente invention grâce à une arme d'épaule du type comprenant un tube d'arme, une référence et un dispositif d'amortissement intercalé entre le tube d'arme et la référence, caractérisé par le fait que :

  • a) le dispositif d'amortissement comprend un boitier formant référence, conformé en épaulière, adapté pour être engagé libre de déplacement sur l'arrière de l'arme d'épaule,
  • b) le boîtier est conçu pour recevoir un dispositif amortisseur déformable comprenant une structure à déformation non élastique et permettre le changement de ce dispositif amortisseur déformable après déformation de celui-ci,
  • c) le boîtier est conçu pour imposer un contact permanent et non élastique entre le dispositif amortisseur déformable comprenant la structure à déformation non élastique et, d'une part l'arrière de l'arme d'épaule, et d'autre part la partie formant épaulière du boîtier, et
  • d) le boîtier est adapté pour être engagé de façon amovible sur l'arme épaule.
The above object is achieved according to the present invention by means of a long gun of the type comprising a weapon tube, a reference and a damping device interposed between the weapon tube and the reference, characterized in that:
  • a) the damping device comprises a housing forming a reference, shaped as a shoulder pad, adapted to be engaged free to move on the rear of the long gun,
  • b) the housing is designed to receive a deformable damping device comprising a structure with non-elastic deformation and allow the change of this deformable damping device after deformation thereof,
  • c) the casing is designed to impose a permanent and non-elastic contact between the deformable damping device comprising the non-elastic deformation structure and, on the one hand the rear of the long gun, and on the other hand the part forming shoulder of the case, and
  • d) the housing is adapted to be removably engaged on the shoulder weapon.

Ainsi la présente invention résout le problème précité en plaçant le dispositif d'amortissement non pas entre un tube d'arme et un fût, mais directement au niveau de la crosse de l'arme. Par ailleurs la présente invention propose de réaliser la référence à l'aide d'un boitier logeant le dispositif amortisseur déformable. Cette disposition permet une réalisation compacte. La présente invention permet un changement du dispositif amortisseur après mise hors d'usage de celui-ci.Thus the present invention solves the aforementioned problem by placing the damping device not between a weapon tube and a barrel, but directly at the level of the butt of the weapon. Furthermore, the present invention proposes to make the reference using a box housing the deformable damping device. This arrangement allows a compact realization. The present invention allows a change of the damping device after it has been put out of use.

La caractéristique c) ci-dessus permet d'une part de bénéficier avant le tir d'une épaulière, constituée par le boîtier, reliée fermement à l'arme d'épaule, et permet par conséquent une visée précise et non perturbée. A cet égard, les amortisseurs élastiques antérieurs ne donnaient aucunement satisfaction. En effet, une structure élastique étant intercalée entre l'arrière de l'arme d'épaule et la partie formant épaulière reposant contre une épaule du tireur, un maintien ferme de l'arme et par conséquent, une visée précise n'était pas possible.The characteristic c) above makes it possible on the one hand to benefit before the firing of a shoulder rest, constituted by the case, firmly connected to the long gun, and consequently allows a precise and undisturbed aiming. In this regard, the previous elastic dampers did not give no satisfaction whatsoever. Indeed, an elastic structure being inserted between the rear of the long gun and the part forming a shoulder resting against a shoulder of the shooter, a firm hold of the weapon and therefore, a precise aim was not possible .

La caractéristique c) ci-dessus permet d'autre part d'éviter au moment du tir toute course initiale dans le vide du tube d'arme, susceptible d'apporter une énergie cinétique à ce dernier.The characteristic c) above also makes it possible to avoid, at the time of firing, any initial stroke in the vacuum of the weapon tube, capable of bringing kinetic energy to the latter.

Enfin, la caractéristique d) ci-dessus permet de retirer le boîtier et le dispositif d'amortissement, notamment pour des tirs de munitions de faible masse. Aucun des documents de la technique antérieure n'enseigne ni ne suggère cette caractéristique d'amovibilité.Finally, characteristic d) above makes it possible to remove the housing and the damping device, in particular for the firing of low mass ammunition. None of the documents of the prior art teaches or suggests this characteristic of removability.

Enfin, la Demanderesse a constaté que les structures élastiques antérieurement proposées ne sont pas répétitives en fonction de la température.Finally, the Applicant has found that the elastic structures previously proposed are not repetitive as a function of the temperature.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, le dispositif d'amortissement comprend un piston pénétrateur apte à pénétrer dans le dispositif amortisseur déformable et l'un au moins du piston pénétrateur ou du dispositif amortisseur présente une face d'attaque qui est généralement inclinée par rapport à la direction de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière, de sorte que le piston pénétrateur et le dispositif amortisseur présentent des faces d'attaque en regard qui divergent. Comme on l'expliquera par la suite cette disposition permet une application progressive de l'effort de recul au dispositif amortisseur et donc un amortissement efficace de l'effort transmis à l'épaulière de l'arme.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the damping device comprises a penetrating piston capable of entering the deformable damping device and at least one of the penetrating piston or the damping device has a leading face which is generally inclined by relative to the relative direction of movement of the weapon tube / shoulder rest, so that the penetrating piston and the damping device have opposite facing faces which diverge. As will be explained below, this arrangement allows a progressive application of the recoil force to the damping device and therefore an effective damping of the force transmitted to the shoulder of the weapon.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, la face d'attaque inclinée sur l'axe de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière est symétrique par rapport à cet axe. Ainsi le tube d'arme se déplace selon son axe lors de la déformation du dispositif amortisseur et celui-ci ne perturbe pas la précision du tir.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the leading face inclined on the axis of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad is symmetrical with respect to this axis. So the weapon tube moves along its axis during the deformation of the damping device and the latter does not disturb the accuracy of the shot.

Selon une autre caratéristique de la présente invention, le dispositif d'amortissement réalisé sous forme d'accessoire comprend un boitier amovible comprenant d'une part une pièce d'interface conçue pour être engagée sur la crosse d'un fusil et d'autre part une pièce de référence formant épaulière, susceptible de déplacement relatif par rapport à la pièce d'interface, dans lequel l'une des deux pièces porte un piston pénétrateur.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the damping device produced in the form of an accessory comprises a removable case comprising on the one hand an interface piece designed to be engaged on the butt of a rifle and on the other hand a reference piece forming a shoulder pad, capable of relative displacement relative to the interface piece, in which one of the two pieces carries a penetrating piston.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de la présente invention, l'un au moins du piston pénétrateur et du dispositif amortisseur présente une face d'attaque étagée par pas en regard de l'axe de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière.According to another advantageous characteristic of the present invention, at least one of the penetrating piston and of the damping device has an attack face stepped in steps facing the axis of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de la présente invention, le dispositif amortisseur comprend au moins un bloc de nids d'abeilles.According to another advantageous characteristic of the present invention, the damping device comprises at least one block of honeycombs.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, le bloc de nids d'abeilles a ses parois orientées parallèlement à la direction de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the honeycomb block has its walls oriented parallel to the direction of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, le dispositif amortisseur comprend au moins un tube à déformation non élastique, de préférence en métal, orienté parallèlement à la direction de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the damping device comprises at least one tube with non-elastic deformation, preferably of metal, oriented parallel to the direction of relative movement of the weapon tube / shoulder pad.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de la présente invention, le dispositif amortisseur comprend au moins un bloc de matériau en mousse alvéolaire à déformation non élastique.According to another advantageous characteristic of the present invention, the damping device comprises at least one block of foam material with non-elastic deformation.

L'invention concerne également directement le dispositif d'amortissement formant accessoire indépendant de l'arme d'épaule, ainsi que les recharges jetables de dispositifs amortisseurs déformables conçues pour être placées dans le boitier du dispositif d'amortissement.The invention also relates directly to the damping device forming an accessory independent of the long gun, as well as the disposable refills of deformable damping devices designed to be placed in the housing of the damping device.

D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description detaillée qui va suivre et en regard des dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un dispositif d'amortissement amovible conforme à la présente invention installé sur la crosse d'un fusil,
  • la figure 2 représente une vue schématique en perspective du même dispositif,
  • la figure 3 représente une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'une variante de dispositif d'amortissement amovible conforme à la présente invention installé sur la crosse d'un fusil,
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en perspective d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel d'un piston pénétrateur conforme à la présente invention,
  • la figure 5 représente une vue en perspective d'une variante de réalisation de piston pénétrateur,
  • les figures 6 à 12 représentent diverses variantes de réalisation de dispositifs d'amortissement conforme à la présente invention, et
  • la figure 13 représente une courbe d'effort relevée sur la crosse d'un fusil comprenant un dispositif d'amortissement conforme à la présente invention, lors du tir d'une grenade.
Other characteristics, aims and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples and in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic view in axial section of a removable damping device according to the present invention installed on the stock of a rifle,
  • FIG. 2 represents a schematic perspective view of the same device,
  • FIG. 3 represents a schematic view in axial section of a variant of a removable damping device according to the present invention installed on the stock of a rifle,
  • FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an penetrating piston according to the present invention,
  • FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the penetrating piston,
  • FIGS. 6 to 12 show various alternative embodiments of damping devices according to the present invention, and
  • FIG. 13 represents a force curve recorded on the stock of a rifle comprising a damping device according to the present invention, when firing a grenade.

On aperçoit sur la figure 1, un dispositif d'amortissement 100 conforme à la présente invention, agencé sous forme d'un accessoire conçu pour être engagé sélectivement sur la crosse C d'un fusil F. En d'autres termes, le dispositif d'amortissement 100 peut être placé sur la crosse C du fusil F pour le tir de projectiles de forte masse nécessitant un amortissement de l'effort de recul, mais il peut être retiré pour le tir de projectiles de masse plus faible générant un effort de recul acceptable.We see in Figure 1, a damping device 100 according to the present invention, arranged as an accessory designed to be selectively engaged on the stock C of a rifle F. In other words, the device d damping 100 can be placed on the stock C of the rifle F for the firing of high mass projectiles requiring a damping of the effort of recoil, but it can be removed for firing projectiles of lower mass generating an acceptable recoil effort.

Sur les figures annexées, l'axe du fusil F, qui correspond à l'axe de déplacement relatif tube d'arme du fusil/amortisseur, est référencé 0-0.In the appended figures, the axis of the rifle F, which corresponds to the axis of relative displacement of the gun barrel / shock absorber, is referenced 0-0.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1, le dispositif d'amortissement 100 comprend trois pièces : une pièce d'interface 110, un dispositif amortisseur déformable 140 et un boitier 170 formant épaulière.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the damping device 100 comprises three parts: an interface piece 110, a deformable damping device 140 and a case 170 forming a shoulder pad.

La pièce d'interface 110 est adaptée pour être fixée sélectivement sur la crosse C du fusil F. Elle comprend essentiellement une paroi plane 112, perpendiculaire à l'axe 0-0, et deux jupes 114 et 116 de même géométrie, complémentaires de la section de la crosse C. Les jupes 114 et 116 sont placées respectivement de part et d'autre de la paroi 112 et se raccordent sur la périphérie de celle-ci. La jupe avant 114 est destinée à être engagée sur la crosse C d'un fusil, comme représenté sur la figure 1. La jupe arrière 116 est adaptée pour recevoir à coulissement le boitier 170.The interface piece 110 is adapted to be selectively fixed on the stock C of the rifle F. It essentially comprises a flat wall 112, perpendicular to the axis 0-0, and two skirts 114 and 116 of the same geometry, complementary to the section of the butt C. The skirts 114 and 116 are placed respectively on either side of the wall 112 and are connected on the periphery thereof. The front skirt 114 is intended to be engaged on the stock C of a rifle, as shown in FIG. 1. The rear skirt 116 is adapted to slide the housing 170.

Pour permettre de retirer sélectivement le boîtier 170 de la crosse C, la section droite du plus petit contour d'ouverture de la partie de boîtier 170 engagée sur la crosse - soit la section droite de la jupe 114 selon la figure 1 - est de préférence de l'ordre de grandeur de, très avantageusement égale à, la plus grande section droite de la crosse C recevant le boîtier 170.To allow the housing 170 to be selectively removed from the stock C, the cross section of the smallest opening contour of the housing part 170 engaged on the stock - ie the cross section of the skirt 114 according to FIG. 1 - is preferably of the order of magnitude of, very advantageously equal to, the largest cross section of the stock C receiving the housing 170.

Le boitier 170 comprend essentiellement une paroi 172 transversale à l'axe O-O et une jupe 174 perpendiculaire à cette paroi 172. La surface externe 173 de la paroi 172 est conformée en épaulière. Cette surface 173 peut faire l'objet de nombreux modes de réalisation. Elle ne sera donc pas décrite plus en détail par la suite. La jupe 174 présente de préférence un contour complémentaire de celui de la jupe 116 de sorte que la jupe 174 puisse être guidée à coulissement selon l'axe O-O à l'intérieur de la jupe 116, comme représenté sur la figure 1, ou le cas échéant en variante à l'extérieur de cette jupe 116.The housing 170 essentially comprises a wall 172 transverse to the axis OO and a skirt 174 perpendicular to this wall 172. The external surface 173 of the wall 172 is shaped as a shoulder pad. This surface 173 can be the subject of numerous embodiments. It will therefore not be described in more detail below. The skirt 174 preferably has a contour complementary to that of the skirt 116 so that the skirt 174 can be guided to slide along the axis OO inside the skirt 116, as shown in FIG. 1, or the case alternatively if necessary outside of this skirt 116.

De préférence, il est prévu des moyens, tels que des moyens d'encliquetage ou équivalents, interdisant toute séparation non souhaitée de la pièce 110 et du boîtier 170, ainsi que le cas échéant toute séparation non souhaitée de la pièce 110 et de la crosse C.Preferably, means are provided, such as latching means or the like, preventing any unwanted separation of the part 110 and the housing 170, as well as, where appropriate, any unwanted separation of the part 110 and the stock. vs.

Le dispositif amortisseur déformable 140 est conçu pour être placé entre la pièce 110 et le boitier 170. Il peut être formé de toutes structures déformables à déformation non élastique appropriées pour opérer un effet d'amortissement.The deformable damping device 140 is designed to be placed between the part 110 and the case 170. It can be formed of any deformable structures with non-elastic deformation suitable for operating a damping effect.

Le dispositif amortisseur 140 peut être formé des structures décrites dans le document FR-A-2653870, avantageusement de structures déformables à base de nids d'abeilles ou de billes creuses.The damping device 140 can be formed from the structures described in document FR-A-2653870, advantageously from deformable structures based on honeycombs or hollow balls.

Très préférentiellement le dispositif amortisseur déformable 140 est formé d'un bloc de nids d'abeilles dont les parois sont orientées parallèlement à l'axe O-O.Very preferably the deformable damping device 140 is formed of a block of honeycombs whose walls are oriented parallel to the axis O-O.

On rappelle que les structures en nids d'abeilles sont formées d'un ensemble de parois planes inclinées les unes par rapport aux autres pour délimiter des alvéoles, généralement hexagonaux.It will be recalled that the honeycomb structures are formed by a set of planar walls inclined with respect to each other to delimit cells, generally hexagonal.

Pour tirer un projectile de masse importante, il suffit de placer l'accessoire 100 sur la crosse classique C d'une arme d'épaule F, comme représenté sur la figure 1. Pour tirer un projectile de faible masse, l'accessoire 100 peut être retiré. L'arme d'épaule est alors utilisée de façon classique.To fire a projectile of significant mass, it suffices to place the accessory 100 on the conventional stock C of a long gun F, as shown in FIG. 1. To fire a projectile of low mass, the accessory 100 can be removed. The long gun is then used in a conventional manner.

Après utilisation et écrasement du bloc amortisseur 140, le boîtier 170 est retiré, le bloc amortisseur 140 usagé est éliminé, un nouveau bloc amortisseur 140 est placé dans le boîtier 170 et celui-ci est repositionné sur la pièce 110.After use and crushing of the damper block 140, the housing 170 is removed, the block used shock absorber 140 is eliminated, a new shock absorber block 140 is placed in the housing 170 and this is repositioned on the part 110.

Le cas échéant pour éviter un retrait complet du boîtier 170, on peut prévoir de ménager des ouvertures latérales dans le boîtier 170 permettant d'accéder au bloc amortisseur 140.If necessary to avoid complete withdrawal of the housing 170, provision may be made to provide lateral openings in the housing 170 allowing access to the damping block 140.

Plus précisément selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1 le dispositif amortisseur 140 possède des faces d'attaque 142 et 144, qui sont planes et transversales à l'axe O-O. Par ailleurs ce dispositif amortisseur 140 est placé entre deux faces d'appui 118 et 176 formées respectivement par les parois 112 et 172, qui sont également planes et perpendiculaires à l'axe O-O.More specifically according to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the damping device 140 has leading faces 142 and 144, which are planar and transverse to the axis O-O. Furthermore, this damping device 140 is placed between two bearing faces 118 and 176 formed respectively by the walls 112 and 172, which are also plane and perpendicular to the axis O-O.

Il en résulte que l'effort de recul est réparti dès l'origine sur toute la surface du dispositif amortisseur 140.As a result, the recoil force is distributed from the outset over the entire surface of the damping device 140.

La Demanderesse a constaté que cette disposition ne donne pas toujours satisfaction, notamment lorsque le dispositif amortisseur 140 est à base de nids d'abeilles. En effet elle a constaté au cours de différents essais que les dispositifs amortisseurs 140 à base de nids d'abeilles ne déclenchaient pas, c'est à dire ne se déformaient pas et que par conséquent ces dispositifs n'amortissaient aucunement l'effort de recul qui était transmis intégralement au boitier formant épaulière 170 et donc par conséquent à l'épaule du tireur.The Applicant has found that this arrangement is not always satisfactory, in particular when the damping device 140 is based on honeycombs. Indeed, it noted during various tests that the damping devices 140 based on honeycombs did not trigger, that is to say did not deform and that consequently these devices did not dampen the recoil force. which was transmitted in full to the case forming a shoulder pad 170 and therefore therefore to the shooter's shoulder.

Pour éliminer cet inconvénient, il est proposé dans le cadre de la présente invention de limiter la surface du dispositif amortisseur 140 en contact à l'origine avec la pièce 110 et/ou avec le boitier 170. Pour cela l'une au moins des surfaces 176, 118, 142 et 144 est inclinée par rapport à l'axe O-O de sorte que l'un au moins des couples de surfaces 118 et 142 d'une part, 176 et 144 d'autre part divergent.To eliminate this drawback, it is proposed in the context of the present invention to limit the area of the damping device 140 originally in contact with the part 110 and / or with the housing 170. For this, at least one of the surfaces 176, 118, 142 and 144 is inclined relative to the axis OO so that at least one of the pairs of surfaces 118 and 142 on the one hand, 176 and 144 on the other hand diverge.

Grâce à cette disposition, l'effort de recul est initialement appliqué sur une zone limitée du dispositif amortisseur 140. On garantit ainsi que l'effort appliqué sur le dispositif amortisseur 140 soit suffisant pour amorcer la déformation de celui-ci.Thanks to this arrangement, the recoil force is initially applied to a limited area of the damper device 140. This guarantees that the force applied to the damper device 140 is sufficient to initiate the deformation of the latter.

Comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4 on peut par exemple prévoir de conformer la surface 176 du boitier sous forme d'un piston pénétrateur 180 étagé par pas par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe O-O.As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, provision may be made to shape the surface 176 of the housing in the form of an penetrating piston 180 stepped in steps relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis O-O.

Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, l'inclinaison de surfaces 118, 142, 176 et 144 est symétrique par rapport à l'axe O-O.According to an important characteristic of the invention, the inclination of surfaces 118, 142, 176 and 144 is symmetrical relative to the axis O-O.

Plus précisément, selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, la surface 176 est étagée par pas dans le plan de coupe de la figure 3. Elle converge vers l'axe O-O, en rapprochement de la pièce 110.More precisely, according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the surface 176 is stepped in steps in the section plane of FIG. 3. It converges towards the axis O-O, in approach to the part 110.

Plus précisément encore, selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 4 la surface 176 présente respectivement de part et d'autre de l'axe O-O, cinq pas 181 de 1 mm chacun. Bien entendu cet exemple n'est donné qu'à titre non limitatif.More precisely still, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the surface 176 has respectively on either side of the axis O-O, five pitches 181 of 1 mm each. Of course, this example is given only without limitation.

On a représenté sur la figure 5 une variante de réalisation selon laquelle, la surface 176 du piston pénétrateur 180 formé sur le boitier 170 est inclinée de façon continue par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe O-O. Dans ce cas la surface 176 est délimitée par deux pans plans 1760 et 1761 symétriques par rapport à l'axe O-O. ces deux pans 1760 et 1761 convergent vers l'axe O-O en rapprochement de la pièce 110. Ils se rejoignent au niveau d'une arête rectiligne 1762.FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the surface 176 of the penetrating piston 180 formed on the housing 170 is inclined continuously relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis O-O. In this case the surface 176 is delimited by two flat sections 1760 and 1761 symmetrical with respect to the axis O-O. these two sides 1760 and 1761 converge towards the axis O-O in approach to the part 110. They meet at a straight edge 1762.

La surface d'attaque inclinée précitée peut cependant être placée non plus sur la face du boitier 170 adjacente au dispositif amortisseur 140, mais au niveau d'une autre face active du système amortisseur.The aforementioned inclined attack surface can however be placed no longer on the face of the housing 170 adjacent to the damping device 140, but at another active face of the damping system.

On a ainsi représenté respectivement sur les figures 6, 7 et 8, trois variantes selon lesquelles cette surface d'attaque inclinée est prévue sur la face de la pièce 110 adjacente au dispositif amortisseur 140, sur la face arrière du dispositif amortisseur 140, et sur la face avant du dispositif amortisseur 140.We have thus represented respectively on the Figures 6, 7 and 8, three variants according to which this inclined attack surface is provided on the face of the part 110 adjacent to the damping device 140, on the rear face of the damping device 140, and on the front face of the damping device 140 .

Sur ces figures 6, 7 et 8 la face inclinée est formée de facettes planes. En variante il pourrait s'agir d'une face inclinée par pas comme représenté sur la figure 3 ou encore d'une face présentant une inclinaison sans discontinuité non plane, par exemple une inclinaison de type parabolique. L'allure de l'inclinaison permet d'adapter l'allure du front montant de l'effort appliqué à l'épaulière 170.In these Figures 6, 7 and 8 the inclined face is formed of planar facets. As a variant, it could be a face inclined in steps as shown in FIG. 3 or else a face having a non-planar non-discontinuous inclination, for example an inclination of the parabolic type. The shape of the inclination makes it possible to adapt the shape of the rising front of the force applied to the shoulder pad 170.

On peut également envisager de combiner les diverses variantes qui ont été décrites précédemment. On peut ainsi prévoir une face inclinée sur la face avant du boitier 170 et sur la face avant du dispositif amortisseur 140, la face arrière de ce dispositif amortisseur 140 et la face arrière de la pièce 110 étant alors planes et perpendiculaires à l'axe O-O.It is also possible to envisage combining the various variants which have been described above. It is thus possible to provide an inclined face on the front face of the housing 170 and on the front face of the damping device 140, the rear face of this damping device 140 and the rear face of the part 110 then being flat and perpendicular to the axis OO. .

Selon encore une autre variante applicable à tous les modes de réalisation précédemment décrits, on peut utiliser un ensemble de facettes qui convergent vers l'élément adjacent en éloignement de l'axe O-O, et non point en rapprochement de celui-ci, comme représenté sur la figure 9.According to yet another variant applicable to all the embodiments described above, it is possible to use a set of facets which converge on the adjacent element away from the axis OO, and not point in approach thereof, as shown in Figure 9.

Le système amortisseur représenté sur les figures 1, 3, 6 à 9 comprend trois pièces : la pièce 110, le dispositif amortisseur 140 et le boitier 170.The damping system represented in FIGS. 1, 3, 6 to 9 comprises three parts: part 110, the damping device 140 and the housing 170.

En variante on peut rendre le dispositif amortisseur 140 solidaire de la pièce 110 ou du boitier 170. Le dispositif d'amortissement 100 ne comprend alors plus trois pièces, mais seulement deux pièces. Dans ce cas après utilisation il convient bien sur de changer l'ensemble solidaire du dispositif amortisseur 140.As a variant, it is possible to make the damping device 140 integral with the part 110 or with the housing 170. The damping device 100 then no longer comprises three parts, but only two parts. In this case after use, it is of course advisable to change the assembly integral with the damping device 140.

Selon encore une autre variante représenté sur les figures 10 et 11, la pièce 110 peut être omise en adaptant en conséquence le boitier 170 de sorte que ce dernier puisse être engagé directement sur la crosse C de l'arme F, libre de coulissement par rapport à cette arme selon l'axe O-O.According to yet another variant shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the part 110 can be omitted by adapting the case 170 accordingly so that the latter can be engaged directly on the stock C of the weapon F, free to slide relative to to this weapon along the axis OO.

Là encore on peut soit prévoir un dispositif d'amortissement formé de deux pièces séparées : le boitier 170 et le dispositif amortisseur 140, auquel cas après utilisation il suffit de changer le dispositif amortisseur 140, le boitier 170 pouvant être réutilisé, soit prévoir un dispositif d'amortissment formé d'une pièce unique : un boitier 170 solidaire d'un dispositif amortisseur 140, auquel cas après utilisation il convient de changer l'ensemble.Again we can either provide a damping device formed of two separate parts: the housing 170 and the damping device 140, in which case after use it is enough to change the damping device 140, the housing 170 can be reused, or provide a device damping formed of a single piece: a housing 170 secured to a damping device 140, in which case after use it is necessary to change the assembly.

Plus précisément sur la figure 10, il est prévu une face inclinée sur la face interne du boitier 170.More specifically in FIG. 10, an inclined face is provided on the internal face of the case 170.

Par contre selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 11 on utilise la face arrière de la crosse classique C de l'arme F, qui est incliné sur l'axe O-O.On the other hand, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the rear face of the conventional stock C of the weapon F is used, which is inclined on the axis O-O.

Bien entendu en variante des modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 10 et 11 on peut aussi prévoir une face inclinée sur l'une au moins des faces du dispositif amortisseur 140.Of course as a variant of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is also possible to provide an inclined face on at least one of the faces of the damping device 140.

Comme on l'a indiqué précédemment pour permettre une visée correcte et interdire toute prise de vitesse du tube d'arme, selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention le boîtier est conçu pour imposer un contact permanent et non élastique entre le dispositif amortisseur déformable comprenant la structure à déformation non élastique et, d'une part l'arrière de l'arme d'épaule, et d'autre part la partie formant épaulière du boîtier.As indicated above to allow correct aiming and to prohibit any increase in speed of the weapon tube, according to an essential characteristic of the invention, the housing is designed to impose permanent and non-elastic contact between the deformable damping device comprising the non-elastic deformation structure and, on the one hand the rear of the long gun, and on the other hand the shoulder part of the casing.

On a représenté sur la figure 12 une autre variante de réalisation dans laquelle le dispositif amortisseur 140 est à base de billes creuses. Bien entendu des billes creuses peuvent être utilisées dans l'une quelconque des variantes précédemment décrits.FIG. 12 shows another alternative embodiment in which the damping device 140 is based on hollow balls. Of course hollow balls can be used in any of the previously described variants.

On a représenté sur la figure 13, une courbe de l'effort de recul mesuré sur le boitier 170, en fonction du temps, lors de l'éjection d'une grenade type AC 58 à l'aide d'un fusil d'assaut .FIG. 13 shows a curve of the recoil force measured on the housing 170, as a function of time, during the ejection of an AC 58 type grenade using an assault rifle .

Les grenades type AC 58 ont un poids de 0,554Kg. Des mesures effectuées sur une arme dépourvue d'amortisseur conforme à la présente invention ont donné les résultats suivants :

  • effort de recul : 26,97 kN,
  • vitesse. du projectile à la sortie du tube d'arme : 65,3 m/s,
  • impulsion composant l'effort de recul : 36,2 Ns,
  • durée de l'impulsion : 3,2 ms.
Grenades type AC 58 have a weight of 0.554Kg. Measurements carried out on a weapon devoid of a shock absorber in accordance with the present invention gave the following results:
  • recoil force: 26.97 kN,
  • speed. of the projectile at the exit of the weapon tube: 65.3 m / s,
  • impulse making up the recoil effort: 36.2 Ns,
  • pulse duration: 3.2 ms.

Le dispositif amortisseur 140 conforme à la présente invention utilisé pour procéder aux essais au cours desquels a été mesurée la courbe représentée sur la figure 13 était composé d'un bloc de nids d'abeilles de mailles de 6 mm, d'une surface de 1970 mm, soit 30 x 66 mm,l'épaisseur du dispositif étant de 30 mm et les parois du nid d'abeilles étant orientées parallèlement à l'axe O-O.The damping device 140 according to the present invention used for carrying out the tests during which the curve shown in FIG. 13 was measured was composed of a block of 6 mm mesh honeycombs, with a surface area of 1970 mm, i.e. 30 x 66 mm, the thickness of the device being 30 mm and the walls of the honeycomb being oriented parallel to the axis OO.

Comme le montre la courbe représentée sur la figure 13, le système amortisseur conforme à la présente invention permet d'écrêter l'effort d'entrée de 26,95 kN à une valeur de sortie maximale de 4,12 kN pour une durée de 8 ms.As shown in the curve shown in FIG. 13, the damping system according to the present invention makes it possible to clip the input force of 26.95 kN at a maximum output value of 4.12 kN for a duration of 8 ms.

La surface du dispositif d'amortisseur 140 est déterminée expérimentalement en fonction de l'effort maximal recherché sur l'épaulière 170.The surface of the shock absorber device 140 is determined experimentally as a function of the maximum force sought on the shoulder pad 170.

De préférence le dispositif amortisseur 140 est conçu pour écrêter l'effort de sortie sur l'épaulière à une valeur maximale de 1200 N, très préférentiellement de 700 N et ce avantageusement pendant une durée maximum de 0,2s, très avantageusement une durée maximum de 0,02s.Preferably the damping device 140 is designed to clip the output force on the shoulder pad to a maximum value of 1200 N, very preferably 700 N and this advantageously for a maximum duration of 0.2s, very advantageously a maximum duration of 0.02s.

L'épaisseur E du dispositif amortisseur 140 est de préférence déterminée sur la base de la relation suivante : E = I / 2 MR Fmoyen , dans laquelle I représente l'impulsion à amortir, MR représente la masse reculante soit la masse de l'arme d'épaule, Fmoyen représente l'effort maximal recherché sur l'épaulière 170.The thickness E of the damping device 140 is preferably determined on the basis of the following relation: E = I / 2 M R F mean , in which I represents the pulse to be damped, M R represents the receding mass, ie the mass of the long gun, means F is the maximum force searched on the shoulder 170.

Le cas échéant le dispositif amortisseur 140 peut être formé de modules susceptibles d'être empilés dans le boitier 170. Ainsi il suffit d'empiler un nombre variable choisi d'amortisseurs dans le boitier 170 pour adapter le système à la masse du projectile à envoyer.If necessary, the damping device 140 can be formed of modules capable of being stacked in the case 170. Thus it suffices to stack a selected variable number of dampers in the case 170 to adapt the system to the mass of the projectile to be sent. .

Le cas échéant le dispositif amortisseur 140 peut être précontraint pour faciliter l'amorçage de la déformation du nid d'abeilles. Cette précontrainte est réalisée de préférence de manière à générer un préflambage du nid d'abeilles inférieur à 5% de la longueur totale de celui-ci.If necessary, the damping device 140 can be prestressed to facilitate the initiation of the deformation of the honeycomb. This prestressing is preferably carried out so as to generate a pre-buckling of the honeycomb less than 5% of the total length thereof.

La présente invention permet également des tirs en position couchée de projectiles de masse importante, à l'aide d'armes d'épaule, dans de bonnes condition de confort.The present invention also allows shots in the supine position to projectiles of large mass, using long guns, in good conditions of comfort.

Le dispositif amortisseur 140 peut être réalisé à base de tout matériau approprié, de préférence à base de matière plastique ou de métal. Ce dispositif peut éventuellement être moulé d'une pièce avec le boitier 170 ou avec la pièce 110.The damping device 140 can be made from any suitable material, preferably based on plastic or metal. This device can optionally be molded in one piece with the case 170 or with the piece 110.

Bien entendu la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, mais s'étend à toutes variantes conformes à son esprit.Of course the present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described, but extends to all variants in accordance with its spirit.

Comme indiqué précédemment la présente invention n'est pas limitée à l'utilisation d'amortisseurs à base de nids d'abeilles. Elle s'étend à l'utilisation de tous amortisseurs appropriés, en particulier aux amortisseurs à base des billes creuses.As indicated previously, the present invention is not limited to the use of shock absorbers based on honeycombs. It extends to the use of all appropriate shock absorbers, in particular to shock absorbers with base of hollow beads.

La Demanderesse propose également d'utiliser en tant que dispositif amortisseur au moins un tube à déformation non élastique s'étendant parallèlement à la direction de déplacement relatif tube d'arme/épaulière.The Applicant also proposes to use as a damping device at least one tube with non-elastic deformation extending parallel to the direction of movement relative to the weapon tube / shoulder pad.

La Demanderesse a en particulier obtenu des résultats très satisfaisants lors d'essais à l'aide d'un dispositif amortisseur comprenant un tube unique d'aluminium d'un diamètre externe de 20mm d'une épaisseur de 0,3mm et d'une longueur de 45mm.The Applicant has in particular obtained very satisfactory results during tests using a damping device comprising a single aluminum tube with an external diameter of 20mm with a thickness of 0.3mm and a length 45mm.

Selon une autre variante, la Demanderesse a également réalisé des essais satisfaisants à l'aide de blocs de matériau en mousse alvéolaire à déformation non élastique.According to another variant, the Applicant has also carried out satisfactory tests using blocks of foam material with non-elastic deformation.

De préférence, ces mousses possèdent une densité comprise entre 30 et 80kg/m³ très préférentiellement de l'ordre de 40 à 60kg/m³. Ces mousses sont formées de préférence de polyuréthane.Preferably, these foams have a density of between 30 and 80 kg / m³ very preferably of the order of 40 to 60 kg / m³. These foams are preferably formed of polyurethane.

La Demanderesse a en particulier obtenu des résultats satisfaisants lors d'essais réalisés à l'aide d'un bloc de mousse en polyuréthane d'une densité de 40kg/m³ de dimensions 60 x 50 x 60mm, ainsi qu'à l'aide d'un bloc de mousse en polyuréthane d'une densité de 60kg/m³ de 60 x 43 x 60mm.The Applicant has in particular obtained satisfactory results during tests carried out using a block of polyurethane foam with a density of 40 kg / m³ of dimensions 60 x 50 x 60mm, as well as using '' a block of polyurethane foam with a density of 60kg / m³ of 60 x 43 x 60mm.

Il est avantageux de placer l'amortisseur au niveau de la crosse et non pas sur le fût d'une arme. En effet, cette disposition élève la valeur de la masse reculante et donc réduit l'épaisseur requise pour l'amortisseur 140.It is advantageous to place the shock absorber at the level of the stock and not on the barrel of a weapon. Indeed, this arrangement raises the value of the receding mass and therefore reduces the thickness required for the shock absorber 140.

On peut prévoir soit des dispositifs d'amortisseur 100 rechargeables en autorisant l'accès aux dispositifs amortisseurs 140, soit des dispositifs d'amortissement 100 jetables.One can provide either shock absorber devices 100 rechargeable by allowing access to shock absorber devices 140, or disposable shock absorbing devices 100.

Selon la description qui précède les pièces 110 et 170 sont indépendantes. En variante, ces pièces 110 et 170 peuvent être reliées par une pièce déformable.According to the preceding description, the parts 110 and 170 are independent. As a variant, these parts 110 and 170 can be connected by a deformable part.

Claims (19)

  1. A shoulder weapon of the type comprising a barrel, a reference, and a shock absorber interposed between the barrel and the reference, characterized by the fact that:
    a) the shock absorber (100) comprises a casing (170) forming the reference, shaped as a shoulder pad, and adapted to be engaged free to move on the back of the shoulder weapon (F);
    b) the casing (170) is designed to receive a deformable damper (140) comprising a structure that deforms non-elastically and enabling said deformable damper (140) to be changed after it has deformed;
    c) the casing (170) is designed to impose permanent non-elastic contact between the deformable shock absorber (100) including the structure that deforms non-elastically and both the back of the shoulder weapon (F) and the portion of the casing (170) that forms the shoulder pad; and
    d) the casing (170) is adapted to be engaged removably on the shoulder weapon (F).
  2. A weapon according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the shock absorber (100) includes a penetrating piston (180) suitable for penetrating into the deformable damper (140) and at least one of the penetrating piston (180) and the damper (140) has a working face (176) which is generally inclined relative to the direction of relative displacement (0-0) between the barrel and the shoulder pad, whereby the penetrating piston (180) and the damper (140) have facing working faces (144, 176; 118, 142) that diverge.
  3. A weapon according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the working face (176) which is inclined relative to the axis (0-0) of relative displacement between the barrel and the shoulder pad is symmetrical about said axis (0-0).
  4. A weapon according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the working face (176) which is inclined relative to the axis (0-0) of relative displacement between the barrel and the shoulder pad is stepped.
  5. A weapon according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the working face (176) which is inclined relative to the axis (0-0) of relative displacement between the barrel and the shoulder pad is without discontinuity.
  6. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the shock absorber (100) made in the form of an accessory comprises three pieces: an interface piece (110) designed to be engaged on the butt (C) of a rifle (F); a shoulder pad forming reference piece (170) capable of moving relative to the interface piece (110); and a damper (140) adapted to be placed between the interface piece (110) and the reference piece (170).
  7. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the shock absorber (100) made in the form of an accessory comprises two pieces: an interface piece (110) designed to be engaged on the butt (C) of a rifle (F); and a reference piece (170) forming the shoulder pad and suitable for moving relative to the interface piece, the damper (140) being secured to one of said two pieces (110, 170).
  8. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the shock absorber (100) made in the form of an accessory comprises two pieces: a reference piece (170) forming the shoulder pad and designed to be engaged on the butt (C) of a rifle, and a damper (140) adapted to be placed between the reference piece (170) and the butt (C) of the rifle.
  9. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the shock absorber (100) made in the form of an accessory comprises a single piece: a reference piece (170) forming the shoulder pad and designed to be engaged on the butt (C) of a rifle (F) and secured to a damper (140).
  10. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the damper (140) comprises at least one honeycomb block.
  11. A weapon according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the honeycomb block (140) has its walls extending parallel to the direction (0-0) of relative displacement between the barrel and the shoulder pad.
  12. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the damper (140) comprises at least one block of hollow beads.
  13. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the damper (140) comprises at least one tube that deforms non-elastically having its axis parallel to the direction of relative displacement between the barrel and the shoulder pad.
  14. A weapon according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the tube of the damper is made of metal, and preferably of aluminum.
  15. A weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the damper (140) comprises at least one block of cellular foam material that deforms non-elastically.
  16. A weapon according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that the density of the foam lies in the range 30 kg/m³ to 80 kg/m³, and is preferably in the range about 40 kg/m³ to about 60 kg/m³.
  17. A weapon according to claim 15 or 16, characterized by the fact that the foam is made of polyurethane.
  18. A shock absorber comprising a casing (170) forming a reference, shaped to form a shoulder pad, adapted to be engaged free to move on the back of a shoulder weapon (F), and designed to receive a deformable damper (140) comprising a structure which deforms non-elastically and enabling said deformable damper (140) to be changed after it has deformed, the shock absorber being suitable for a weapon according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
  19. A discardable deformable damper refill (140) designed to be placed in the casing (170) of the shock absorber according to claim 18.
EP19930400447 1992-02-21 1993-02-22 Shock-absorbing device for shoulder firearms with disposable damper Expired - Lifetime EP0557209B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202038A FR2687772B1 (en) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 SHOULDER WEAPON, DAMPING DEVICE THEREFOR AND DISPOSABLE DAMPING RECHARGE.
FR9202038 1992-02-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0557209A1 EP0557209A1 (en) 1993-08-25
EP0557209B1 true EP0557209B1 (en) 1996-01-31

Family

ID=9426903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930400447 Expired - Lifetime EP0557209B1 (en) 1992-02-21 1993-02-22 Shock-absorbing device for shoulder firearms with disposable damper

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0557209B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69301403T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2082599T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2687772B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD685873S1 (en) 2012-01-05 2013-07-09 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Recoil reducer
US10281233B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2019-05-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Recoil reducer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6976333B2 (en) * 2001-01-11 2005-12-20 Steven Sims Recoil reducing accessories for firearms
DE102017112531A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 L&O Hunting Group GmbH Butt plate for a rifle stock and rifle stock with such a butt plate
IT202200003200A1 (en) * 2022-02-21 2023-08-21 Benelli Armi Spa RECOIL DAMPER DEVICE, FOR PORTABLE FIREARMS

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DE100961C (en) *
US1805273A (en) * 1929-09-03 1931-05-12 Jostam Mfg Co Recoil pad for guns
US1842527A (en) * 1930-05-31 1932-01-26 Roth Rubber Company Gun stock pad
US2468349A (en) * 1945-10-24 1949-04-26 John A Stewart Gun recoil pad
US2455438A (en) * 1946-08-26 1948-12-07 Oppold Harry Edward Recoil absorber for firearms
US2677207A (en) * 1950-03-29 1954-05-04 John A Stewart Combined gunstock boot and cheek pad
US3696544A (en) * 1970-08-17 1972-10-10 Avco Corp Recoil pad
FR2645952A1 (en) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-19 Ferrandee Antoine Device for cancelling out the recoil brought about by firing firearms
FR2653870B1 (en) * 1989-10-30 1994-06-03 Lacroix E Tous Artifices IMPROVED WEAPON SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A DAMPING DEVICE.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10281233B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2019-05-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Recoil reducer
USD685873S1 (en) 2012-01-05 2013-07-09 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Recoil reducer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69301403D1 (en) 1996-03-14
FR2687772B1 (en) 1995-07-13
ES2082599T3 (en) 1996-03-16
EP0557209A1 (en) 1993-08-25
FR2687772A1 (en) 1993-08-27
DE69301403T2 (en) 1996-08-01

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