EP3934811A1 - Electrostatic filter unit for an air-purification device and air-purification device - Google Patents
Electrostatic filter unit for an air-purification device and air-purification deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3934811A1 EP3934811A1 EP20709518.3A EP20709518A EP3934811A1 EP 3934811 A1 EP3934811 A1 EP 3934811A1 EP 20709518 A EP20709518 A EP 20709518A EP 3934811 A1 EP3934811 A1 EP 3934811A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- electrodes
- filter unit
- collecting electrodes
- electrostatic filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001451790 Korana Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004924 electrostatic deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 wire mesh Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
- B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/09—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces at right angles to the gas stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
- B03C3/155—Filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/04—Ionising electrode being a wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode has multiple serrated ends or parts
Definitions
- Electrostatic filter unit for air cleaning device
- the invention relates to an electrostatic filter unit for an air cleaning device, in particular an extractor hood, and an air cleaning device with at least one electrostatic filter unit.
- Air purification devices can be, for example, air purifiers for filtering room air, devices for filtering air sucked into a passenger cabin in the automotive sector, or fume hoods for kitchens, which are, for example, fume hoods. In these air cleaning devices, it is known to filter out liquid and solid contaminants and odors from the contaminated air or from the vapors and vapors produced during cooking.
- Mechanical filters are mostly used for this. For example, expanded metal filters, perforated plate filters, baffle filters, which can also be referred to as eddy current filters, edge suction filters and porous foam media are used as mechanical filters. All of these mentioned filter media filter according to mechanical separation mechanisms such as the diffusion effect, barrier effect and, most importantly, the inertia effect.
- a disadvantage of these filter units is that, in particular, a high flow rate has to be achieved in order to ensure adequate filter efficiency even with smaller particles.
- an extractor hood in which an electrostatic filter unit is used.
- the electrostatic filter unit of this extractor hood consists of plate-shaped separation and counter electrodes as well as wire-shaped ionization electrodes.
- the plate-shaped separator and counter electrodes are connected to one another via electrically conductive webs and are arranged so that the air entering the filter element first flows against the separator electrodes with wire-shaped ionization elements in between and then reaches the counter-electrodes that are offset upwards.
- the separation electrodes are attached to the Housing of the cooker hood attached.
- a high-voltage device is provided in the housing of the extractor hood, which is connected to the electrodes of the filter unit.
- a disadvantage of this filter unit is that it takes up a large amount of space.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a solution by means of which a sufficient filter efficiency can be reliably ensured with a simple structure.
- an electrostatic filter unit for an air cleaning device which comprises an ionization unit and a separation unit with at least one live precipitation electrode and a grounded precipitation electrode.
- the filter unit is characterized in that the at least two precipitation electrodes are air-permeable.
- the electrostatic filter unit is also referred to below as a filter unit or as an electrostatic filter.
- the filter unit has an ionization unit and a separation unit.
- the ionization unit can also be referred to as the ionization area and the separation unit as the separation area.
- the separation unit is connected downstream of the ionization unit in the direction of flow.
- the ionization unit preferably has at least one ionization electrode and at least one counter electrode. Voltage, preferably high voltage, is applied to the ionization electrode.
- a spray electrode by means of a corona discharge.
- the ionization electrode which can represent a wire ionization electrode, is preferably arranged in the ionization unit between two plate-shaped counter-electrodes. This is necessary because, in their original state, the particles usually have no electrical charge or an electrical charge that is insufficient for efficient electrostatic separation.
- the aim of the ionization unit is the electrical particle charging of each individual particle up to a maximum electrical saturation charge.
- the separation unit comprises at least two collecting electrodes, of which at least one is a live collecting electrode and at least one is a grounded collecting electrode.
- the at least two collecting electrodes are preferably arranged parallel to one another.
- the at least one live collecting electrode is under electrical high voltage.
- the grounded precipitation electrode is connected to ground or a protective conductor (PE Protective Earth).
- the collecting electrodes thus build up an electrical field to one another.
- the level or the amount of the electric field strength is largely dependent on the electrical potential, i.e. on the amount of the voltage in kV, the distance between the live and earthed collecting electrodes and the geometric shape of the collecting electrodes.
- the filter unit is characterized in that the collecting electrodes are air-permeable.
- the air flow can not only flow along the collecting electrodes, as in the prior art, but can flow through them. Due to the air permeability of the collecting electrodes, they can serve as mechanical filters. Since the separation unit is located downstream of the ionization unit in the direction of flow, the particles contained in the air enter the separation unit in an electrically charged state. The particles are thus deposited on the collecting electrodes both by the mechanical filter effects and by the electrical charge, that is to say achieved by the electrostatic filter effect.
- the filter efficiency of classic electrostatic filters is significantly dependent on the amount of electrical ionization and separation voltage. If the electronic high-voltage component fails (voltage failure) or if it fails due to a short circuit, the filter capacity is no longer available. In the present invention, however, the mechanical filter mechanisms or filter effects are retained. A total failure of the overall filter performance does not occur.
- particles can at least partially be held in the pores or other air passage openings of the collecting electrodes.
- the direction of flow of the air flowing towards the collecting electrodes is at an angle ⁇ in the range of 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 90 °, for example 45 ° or 90 °, to the surface of the collecting electrodes.
- the collecting electrodes can thus also be flown against in a direction deviating from the vertical.
- the angle between the air flow direction and the surface of the collecting electrodes can be in the range between 0 and 90 °, for example 45 °.
- the precipitation electrodes of the ionization unit are designed as flat plates and are parallel to the air flow direction of the air through the ionization unit, the precipitation electrodes can be transverse and, for example, perpendicular or inclined at an angle of 0 to 90 ° to the counter-electrode (s) of the ionization unit.
- the air flow that enters the separation unit can be guided completely through the collecting electrodes. This further increases the filter efficiency.
- this alignment of the collecting electrodes can minimize the installation space required for the filter unit.
- the height or length of this embodiment of the filter unit according to the invention is less, since the collecting electrodes are transverse in this direction.
- the collecting electrodes are preferably arranged at a short distance from one another. According to one embodiment, adjacent collecting electrodes have a distance d from one another which is greater than or equal to zero. The distance can, for example, be in a range from 0 to 20mm, preferably from 0 to 6mm, 0 to 4mm or 0 to 2mm. According to one embodiment, the collecting electrodes are in contact with one another. In the case of classic electrostatic filters with plate or tube separators in the separation unit, in relative terms, significantly more space is required for the electrostatic filter as a whole and especially for the separation area. In the filter unit according to the invention, the collecting electrodes are air-permeable. The collecting electrodes are preferably air-permeable plates or layers.
- the separation area according to the invention can thus store these particles in addition to being stored in the collecting electrode itself.
- the order of the collecting electrodes in the separation unit can be freely selected.
- a live precipitation electrode on the side of the separation unit facing the ionization unit and through which air enters the separation unit, and then alternately to arrange earthed and live precipitation electrodes.
- a grounded collecting electrode can also be arranged on the side facing the ionization unit as the first collecting electrode and then alternately live and grounded collecting electrodes can be arranged.
- at least two collecting electrodes that are adjacent to one another are live or that at least two collecting electrodes that are adjacent to one another are grounded collecting electrodes.
- two or more grounded collecting electrodes can be arranged between two live collecting electrodes.
- At least one of the collecting electrodes has an electrical insulation coating.
- the electrical insulation coating preferably consists of a dielectric.
- the insulation coating can be applied to the collecting electrodes by means of powder coating, dip painting or another coating process.
- the respective collecting electrode is preferably completely electrically insulated, the insulation coating being left out at the electrical contact point required in each case for applying voltage to the collecting electrode. In this way, electrical short circuits and associated voltage drops between the individual, alternating live collecting electrodes can be avoided.
- all precipitation electrodes of the separation unit can be provided with an insulation coating.
- the live collecting electrodes are preferably electrically insulated.
- the particles are charged in the ionization unit. If a positively charged particle hits a grounded collecting electrode, it should also be able to release its charge again, otherwise the electric field between the layers will be weakened over time.
- the live collecting electrodes have an insulating coating in the embodiment mentioned, an electrical short circuit between the live and grounded collecting electrodes can be prevented even if the collecting electrodes are close to one another or if they are in contact with one another.
- the collecting electrodes consist of air-permeable material.
- the collecting electrodes are also referred to as porous collecting electrodes.
- the Collecting electrodes can all consist of the same air-permeable material.
- different collecting electrodes consist of different materials.
- the advantage of using air-permeable material for the collecting electrodes is that, on the one hand, the production of the electrostatic filter is facilitated, since the required air-permeability is provided by the material itself.
- the openings in the material have a small size, whereby an efficient separation of particles can be guaranteed due to the mechanical separation effect.
- the collecting electrodes consist of an air-impermeable material with at least one air passage opening. It is also possible that only some of the collecting electrodes, for example only the live or only the grounded collecting electrodes, consist of such a material and the other collecting electrodes consist of air-permeable material. Furthermore, it is also possible, for example, for only the first precipitation electrode, that is to say facing the ionization unit, to consist of an air-impermeable material with air passage openings.
- the air-impermeable material can for example be a sheet metal.
- the air passage openings can, for example, be holes that are punched into the sheet metal or made in some other way. In particular, the air-impermeable material with air passage openings can be expanded metal.
- the material of the at least one collecting electrode can therefore be, for example, wire mesh, in particular welding mesh.
- the material of the at least one collecting electrode can also be expanded metal, wire mesh, fiber material, fleece, perforated plate, sintered plastic or foam.
- the material of a precipitation electrode which consists of an air-impermeable material with at least one air passage opening, can be selected such that it has at least one edge, point or corner at the air passage opening.
- the electric field strength increases at sharp edges, points or corners of the material of the collecting electrode. In these areas, that is, at the edges, points or corners, the electric fields are therefore very inhomogeneous, which leads to leads to a multiplication of the homogeneous electric field strength. As a result, the charged particle is exposed to a relatively higher field strength and is deposited more efficiently on the respective collecting electrodes.
- the material of the collecting electrode is preferably chosen so that it does not have any sharp edges, points or corners.
- a wire mesh can be used as the material for the collecting electrode. It has been shown that with such a material, which has rounded cross-sections, for example circular cross-sections, an efficient deposition of particles on the collecting electrodes can also be achieved.
- the relative arrangement of the individual collecting electrodes to one another is preferably such that the air passage openings or pores present in the respective collecting electrode are offset from the air passage openings or pores of the next collecting electrode. This means that both the mechanical and the electrostatic filter mechanisms can be used.
- At least two collecting electrodes are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that their structure is rotated about an axis in the plane of the collecting electrode.
- the structure of the collecting electrodes is the arrangement of the air passage openings in the collecting electrode.
- the air passage openings In the case of an expanded metal, the air passage openings have an elongated shape, for example.
- a collecting electrode is aligned so that the longitudinal extent of the air passage openings in this collecting electrode is rotated to the direction of the longitudinal extent in a further, preferably adjacent collecting electrode.
- the invention relates to an air cleaning device which has at least one electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- Advantages and features that are described with regard to the electrostatic filter unit apply - if applicable - correspondingly to the air cleaning device and vice versa.
- the air cleaning device can be, for example, an air cleaner for filtering room air, a device for filtering air sucked into a passenger cabin in the automotive sector or an extractor hood for kitchens.
- the air cleaning device can have a plurality of electrostatic filter units according to the invention.
- the at least one electrostatic filter unit is preferably arranged on the suction side of the air cleaning device.
- the air cleaning device represents an extractor hood and the at least one electrostatic filter unit is arranged at the air inlet opening of the extractor hood.
- the at least one electrostatic filter unit is arranged at the air inlet opening of the extractor hood.
- particles which for example consist of fat.
- the arrangement of the electrostatic filter unit at the air inlet opening prevents these particles from getting into the interior of the extractor hood and possibly contaminating the fan there.
- FIG. 1 a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 a schematic perspective detailed view of the embodiment according to FIG. 4
- FIG. 5 a schematic detailed view of the collecting electrodes of a further embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit
- FIG. 6 a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention.
- Figure 9 a schematic representation of the flow of two
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of an electrostatic filter unit 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view in FIG.
- the filter unit 1 preferably has a housing which, however, is not shown in the figures.
- the filter unit 1 consists of an ionization unit 2 and a separation unit 3.
- the separation unit 3 is connected downstream of the ionization unit 2 in the direction of flow S.
- the ionization unit 2 has ionization electrodes 20 and counter electrodes 21. In the embodiment shown, the ionization unit 2 has three ionization electrodes 20 and four counter electrodes 21.
- the number of the respective electrodes 20, 21 is not limited to the number shown. More or fewer electrodes 20, 21 can also be provided.
- the ionization electrode 20 is shown as a wire.
- the ionization electrode 20 can, however, also represent a tooth profile, for example.
- the ionization electrode 20 can also be referred to as a spray electrode.
- the counter electrode 21 represents a plate.
- the counter electrodes 21 are arranged parallel to one another. In particular, the counter-electrodes 21 are aligned in such a way that they lie in or parallel to the flow direction S in which air flows against the filter unit 1.
- An ionization electrode 20 is arranged in each case between two counter electrodes 21.
- the separation unit 3 consists of precipitation electrodes 30, 31. Die
- Precipitation electrodes 30 represent precipitation electrodes to which a positive or negative high voltage is applied and are therefore also referred to below as live precipitation electrodes.
- the collecting electrodes 31 represent collecting electrodes which are on the electrical ground at or on the protective earth (PE), and are therefore also referred to below as grounded collecting electrodes.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 are each air-permeable.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 represent flat electrodes which are arranged parallel to one another and, in the embodiment shown, are in contact with one another.
- the precipitation electrodes 30, 31 are perpendicular to the alignment of the counter electrodes 21 of the ionization unit 2 and thus perpendicular to the direction of flow S of the air.
- the first precipitation electrode 30, that is to say the precipitation electrode 30 facing the ionization unit 2, is a live precipitation electrode 30.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit 1 is shown in FIG. This differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 only in the number and arrangement of the precipitation electrodes 30, 31 in the separation unit.
- the further structure of the electrostatic filter unit 1 corresponds to the structure of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 five precipitation electrodes 30, 31 are provided.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 are alternating in the
- the first collecting electrode 31 is a grounded collecting electrode 31.
- FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the electrostatic filter unit 1 is shown in FIG. This only differs from the embodiment according to FIG the number and arrangement of the collecting electrodes 30, 31 in the separation unit.
- the further structure of the electrostatic filter unit 1 corresponds to the structure of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- five precipitation electrodes 30, 31 are provided.
- the first collecting electrode 31 in this embodiment is a live collecting electrode 30.
- This first collecting electrode 31 is followed by two grounded collecting electrodes 31, another live collecting electrode 30 and a last grounded collecting electrode 31.
- the structure of the separation unit 3 is shown schematically in detail in FIG.
- the individual precipitation electrodes 30, 31 are only partially shown in order to allow a view of the other precipitation electrodes 30, 31.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 have a grid structure.
- the air passage openings formed by the lattice webs are aligned in the same direction in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 4.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 are arranged so that the
- Air passage openings of one layer are offset to those of the next layer.
- the collecting electrodes 30, 31 are also rotated relative to one another in the plane such that the air passage openings are rotated to one another at an angle of 45 °.
- FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 the electrical fields that develop in the ionization unit 2 and the separation unit 3 are indicated schematically.
- the collecting electrodes are made, for example, from a grid material as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the figure 7 exist
- Precipitation electrodes 30, 31 made of perforated metal sheets and, in FIG. 8, made of expanded metal.
- FIG. 9 the flow onto two precipitation electrodes 31, 30 is shown schematically.
- the air flows against the upper precipitation electrode 31 in such a way that the vector of the partial air flow, which indicates the air flow direction L, lies at an angle ⁇ to the surface of the respective precipitation electrode 31, 30.
- the partial air flow can flow through the electrode arrangement perpendicular to the surface of the precipitation electrode 31.
- the air flow direction L at an angle ⁇ on the
- Precipitation electrode 31 meets, which is smaller than 90 °.
- the angle a can be in a
- Precipitation electrode 31 impinges, any angle between 0 ° and 360 °.
- Angle ⁇ and ⁇ and thus the air flow direction L depend on the installation position of the filter unit in the air cleaning device.
- the sharp edges of the expanded metal result in an increase in the electrical field strength.
- the electric fields are very inhomogeneous, which leads to a multiplication of the homogeneous electric field strength.
- the charged particle is exposed to a relatively higher field strength and is deposited more efficiently on the respective collecting electrodes 30, 31.
- the electrostatic force F on the particle between the collecting electrodes is calculated according to the equation:
- F [N] E [V / m] X q [C] is determined.
- E represents the electric field strength and q the electric charge of the particle.
- Air-permeable collecting electrodes are used for this.
- the electrostatic filter unit according to the invention which can also be referred to as a filter module or filter cassette, can be used, for example, in fume hoods, air cleaners or in passenger cabins in the automotive sector to filter sucked air flow.
- a filter module or filter cassette In order to enable the electrostatic separation of particles that are in the air, they must first be electrostatically charged (ionized). An electrical high voltage of several thousand volts is necessary for the ionization of air particles and their separation. Both positive high voltage and negative high voltage can be used.
- a high-voltage transformer which can also be referred to as a high-voltage generator or a high-voltage power supply unit, is used to generate this necessary electrical high voltage.
- This high-voltage transformer supplies the ionization unit, which can also be referred to as the ionization area, and the separation area, which can also be referred to as a separation unit, with electrical high voltage or electrical energy.
- the high-voltage transformer is preferably implemented in the filter module.
- the electrostatic filter module is preferably arranged in the air intake area of the air cleaning device in order not to contaminate the components located behind it with cooking vapors / aerosols / dirt, for example in the case of an extractor hood.
- the filter unit can optionally also be arranged in the air discharge area in the air cleaning device or along the air flow guide between the inlet and outlet areas of the air cleaning device.
- the particle When separating according to the inertia effect, the particle cannot follow the streamline of the gas (air) around the individual filter fibers, expanded metal layers, porous media or the like due to its mass inertia and as a result collides with them.
- the probability of a particle hitting the individual filter fibers of the filter medium which ultimately corresponds to the filter separation efficiency as a whole, based on the inertia effect, increases with increasing particle speed, increasing particle diameter, increasing filter packing density and filter thickness in the direction of flow as well as decreasing filter fiber -Diameter of the filter medium. If the particle has an electrical potential to the filter medium due to its electrical charge, the particle is attracted to the filter medium or the smallest possible filter fiber by the electrostatic attraction force.
- the filter unit according to the invention represents a combination of a mechanical filter according to the filter mechanisms already mentioned and the electrostatic filter mechanism.
- the filter unit consists of an ionization area and a separation area.
- the particles in the air solid and liquid
- the particles in the air are electrically charged by means of a Korana discharge. This is done, for example, by means of a wire ionization electrode that is arranged between two counter electrodes. This is necessary because the particle usually has no electrical charge in its original state or an electrical charge that is insufficient for efficient electrostatic separation.
- the aim of the ionization unit is the electrical particle charging of each individual particle up to a maximum electrical saturation charge.
- the particle then flows through the separation area, which consists of individual air-permeable collecting electrodes arranged one above the other, and is separated / filtered on these.
- These individual air-permeable media live or grounded collecting electrodes
- These individual air-permeable media are, for example, alternately under electrical high voltage and thus build up an electrical field to one another.
- the level / amount of the electric field strength is largely dependent on the electrical potential (the amount of voltage in kV), the distance between the live and earthed collecting electrodes and the geometric shape of the individual media of the collecting electrodes.
- the collecting electrodes used according to the invention can in principle be any material / medium that is air-permeable. Wire mesh, fiber materials and fleeces, perforated metal sheets, expanded metals, sintered plastics and foam can be considered here as examples. If porous plastic media are used, they must be electrically conductive or electrically conductive with regard to their specific properties so that an electrical field can build up between the individual layers.
- the collecting electrodes should preferably rest on top of one another (in order to use the mechanical and electrostatic filter mechanisms efficiently and to save installation space), but can also be arranged at any distance from one another in the direction of flow. With regard to the sequence, the first collecting electrode arranged in the flow direction can represent either a live or a grounded collecting electrode.
- the number of collecting electrodes which can also be referred to as filter layers, is> 2 and depends on the required filter efficiency.
- the electric field lines always exit or re-enter an area orthogonally. If a charged particle flies through the separation area, it is separated by mechanical and electrostatic separation mechanisms depending on its polarity on the live or earthed collecting electrodes. Positively charged particles are deposited on the grounded collecting electrode and negatively charged particles on the live collecting electrode. The amount of electrical voltage difference between the live and earthed
- the grounded collecting electrodes are connected to one another via contact points and are usually connected to earth / ground.
- the live collecting electrodes are preferably also at the same electrical potential with one another and are electrically connected to one another via contact points and to the high-voltage generator that supplies the high voltage.
- the ionization unit and the separation unit are preferably arranged in a housing.
- a housing is not absolutely necessary.
- the ionization unit and the separation unit can be accommodated in a common housing.
- the ionization unit and the separation unit can be spatially separated from one another in housings that are spatially separated from one another or without a housing.
- Precipitation electrodes are used one behind the other.
- the same also applies in the opposite case, i.e. the number of live collecting electrodes between two grounded collecting electrodes can be> 1.
- the present invention has a number of advantages.
- a reduction in complexity is achieved with the invention.
- the simple structure of the separation unit results, in relative terms, in cost advantages compared to electrostatic filters with plate and tube separators, which generally require higher material and manufacturing costs.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019203032.7A DE102019203032A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Electrostatic filter unit for air purifier and air purifier |
PCT/EP2020/055213 WO2020178153A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-27 | Electrostatic filter unit for an air-purification device and air-purification device |
Publications (1)
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EP3934811A1 true EP3934811A1 (en) | 2022-01-12 |
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EP20709518.3A Pending EP3934811A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-27 | Electrostatic filter unit for an air-purification device and air-purification device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20220134355A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3934811A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113573816A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019203032A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020178153A1 (en) |
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US11752232B2 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-09-12 | Gholam Hossein Zereshkian | Personalized forced air purifier |
DE202020107416U1 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2022-03-21 | Emilio Reales Bertomeo | Suction system for a gastronomic device or a device guiding a fluid flow |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2146288A1 (en) | 1971-09-16 | 1973-03-22 | Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh | KITCHEN EXTRACTOR HOOD FOR SEPARATING EVAPS AND POLLUTIONS FROM THE ROOM AIR |
CN1541753A (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-03 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | Electric air collecting filter of air purifier |
CN101598359B (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-12-14 | 刘洪华 | Oil-smoke purifier for non-chimney kitchen |
CN201628325U (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2010-11-10 | 深圳市格瑞卫康环保科技有限公司 | Air purifier |
CN102692043B (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-09-11 | 广东德塑科技有限公司 | Smoke purifier free of being detached and washed |
US9488382B2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2016-11-08 | University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization | Electronic air cleaners and associated systems and methods |
KR101989098B1 (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2019-06-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Dust Collector |
US9468935B2 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-10-18 | Donald H. Hess | System for filtering airborne particles |
CN103216863A (en) * | 2013-01-19 | 2013-07-24 | 上海创绿酒店设备有限公司 | Static electricity type oil fume purification system for tappasaki |
CN204214007U (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-18 | 刘朋立 | Cooking fume remover |
CN106733183A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Lampblack filter and lampblack absorber |
KR101925846B1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2018-12-07 | 주식회사 에프에이치아이코리아 | Fine dust remover using string electric field |
-
2019
- 2019-03-06 DE DE102019203032.7A patent/DE102019203032A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-02-27 CN CN202080018770.2A patent/CN113573816A/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 US US17/424,510 patent/US20220134355A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-27 WO PCT/EP2020/055213 patent/WO2020178153A1/en unknown
- 2020-02-27 EP EP20709518.3A patent/EP3934811A1/en active Pending
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CN113573816A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
DE102019203032A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
US20220134355A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
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