EP3925067A1 - Verfahren zum erkennen eines fehlers einer elektrischen maschine für ein fahrzeug - Google Patents
Verfahren zum erkennen eines fehlers einer elektrischen maschine für ein fahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP3925067A1 EP3925067A1 EP20706164.9A EP20706164A EP3925067A1 EP 3925067 A1 EP3925067 A1 EP 3925067A1 EP 20706164 A EP20706164 A EP 20706164A EP 3925067 A1 EP3925067 A1 EP 3925067A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- torque
- torque signal
- electrical
- electrical machine
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for recognizing a fault in an electrical machine for a vehicle, in particular a method for recognizing an electrical and / or mechanical fault in an electric motor for a vehicle.
- the fault diagnosis of an electric drive of a vehicle is becoming more and more important and it is desirable to recognize failure of the same early and in a differentiated manner so that suitable countermeasures can be taken in good time in the event of a fault.
- the high dynamics of the drives with regard to the torque curve places the highest demands on future diagnoses.
- the desire of the operator of a vehicle is to extend the maintenance intervals of the vehicle as much as possible, but the operating times of the vehicles are constantly increasing, for example through car sharing.
- Mechanical errors relate to errors that can be assigned to the mechanics of the electric drive, such as defective bearings or plastic deformations of components of the electric machine.
- electrical faults affect those faults in the electrical drive that affect the electronic
- Components or electrical elements of the electric drive can be assigned, such as short circuits in the rotor or stator winding or defective sliding contacts.
- Today's fault diagnoses are essentially based on the evaluation of the phase currents / voltages, the vibration measurement using structure-borne noise sensors or temperature measurements, which also include the speed of the rotor shaft and / or the position of the rotor can be taken into account in order to be able to infer potential faults in the electrical machine.
- EP 3 034 812 A1 relates to monitoring of a gas turbine engine recorded on the basis of the measurements of a torque sensor.
- US 2018/229765 A1 relates to a control unit for a servo steering unit, in which an anomaly of the servo motor unit is based on a
- Torque signal is determined.
- the present invention is essentially based on the object of detecting electrical and / or mechanical faults in an electrical drive early and reliably in a simple manner and issuing corresponding warnings to the operator of the vehicle and providing emergency running programs.
- the present invention is essentially based on the idea of being able to determine an electrical and / or mechanical fault in an electrical machine in that the torque detected by means of a torque sensor attached to the rotor shaft of the electrical machine is compared with a reference torque and at a large deviations from this can be inferred from a specific error.
- the torque delivered by the electric machine via the output shaft is the final size of the entire chain of action of the electric drive train.
- the present invention makes use of the fact that a mechanical error of the
- the torque curve on the rotor shaft acts as an electrical fault in the electrical machine, such as a short circuit in the rotor winding.
- the type of specific error can be determined and a corresponding warning can be issued to the driver of the vehicle, with the corresponding
- Measures such as replacing a defective bearing can be taken.
- a method for detecting an electrical and / or mechanical fault of an electrical machine for a vehicle which has a rotor shaft to which a torque sensor is applied, which is designed to contact the rotor shaft
- the method according to the invention comprises generating a torque signal, which indicates the torque applied to the rotor shaft, by means of the torque sensor and recognizing an electrical and / or mechanical fault in the electrical machine if the
- Torque signal deviates from a reference torque signal by more than a torque threshold value.
- the electric machine can be operated as an electric motor, which emits a torque via the rotor shaft, or as a generator, which receives a torque via the rotor shaft and stores it in electrical form.
- the reference torque signal can be, for example, a torque signal stored in an engine control system, which is used as a drive train of the electrical machine that is newly manufactured and is therefore free of errors
- Reference torque signal was generated.
- reference torque signals set in advance can be stored, which represent a faultless drive train.
- the method according to the invention also has an analysis of the torque signal generated by the torque sensor.
- the detection of an electrical and / or mechanical fault in the electrical machine is based on the analyzed torque signal.
- analyzing the torque signal includes performing a time analysis with the torque signal and / or performing a frequency analysis with the torque signal and / or filtering the torque signal by means of a bandpass, such as a low-pass filter and / a flochpass filter, and / or performing a reference frame Theory Analysis with the torque signal and / or performing a Finite Element State Space Analysis with the torque signal.
- an electrical and / or a mechanical fault is detected when the
- the torque signal deviates from the reference torque signal by more than a predetermined period of time by more than the torque threshold value. In particular, it can be ensured that individual
- Torque sensor would be detected as a torque signal.
- the method further comprises incrementing an error if the torque signal deviates from the reference torque signal by more than the torque threshold value, decrementing the counter if the torque signal does not deviate from the reference torque signal by more than the torque threshold value and recognizing the electrical and / or mechanical failure of the electrical machine when the counter has a predetermined
- Counting threshold exceeded.
- the torque sensor supplies a torque signal at constant intervals, for example every 100 ps (i.e. a sampling rate of approximately 10 kHz) and thus it can be checked that individual outliers or
- An electrical fault in the electrical machine preferably includes a line break and / or short circuit in the stator and / or rotor winding and / or an abnormal connection of the stator and / or rotor winding and / or a defect in the sliding contacts and / or a defect in the squirrel-cage rotor and / or or short-circuit ring and / or a fault in the inductive energy transfer between stator and rotor.
- the mechanical fault of the electrical machine is a defect in the inner and / or outer bearing run and / or a defect in at least one rolling element of the bearing and / or a defect in the bearing and / or a defect in the bearing cage of the bearing and / or or a plastic one
- the torque sensor is at least one strain gauge attached to the rotor shaft.
- the reference torque signal is provided for the engine control via remote access.
- cloud services can be cited here that can be queried by the motor control unit of the electrical machine via a remote communication connection in order to be able to carry out the comparison with the torque signal generated by the torque sensor and thus also to be able to detect an electrical fault.
- the signals detected by the torque sensor can be sent to the cloud service via the remote communication connection, in which case the evaluation can then take place in the cloud service.
- this enables certain states of the electrical machine, such as different temperatures, different speeds, different positions of the rotor and different electrical currents and voltages when the electrical fault is detected
- the aforementioned parameters serve to confirm a detected error.
- mechanical errors in the electrical machine are scaled with the speed, i. This means that mechanical ones can increase proportionally with increasing speed of the rotor shaft. Electrical errors are also scaled with the speed of the rotor shaft, but are also dependent on the number of pole pairs. A mechanical fault can thus be clearly distinguished from an electrical fault in the electrical machine.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which a torque curve is shown versus time for a faultless electrical machine and a faulty electrical machine.
- 1 shows an exemplary flow chart of a method according to the invention for recognizing a mechanical and / or electrical fault in an electrical machine.
- the method according to the invention is based on an electrical machine which is formed from an electric motor / generator with a stator and rotor and a rotor shaft.
- the electric machine can be operated as an electric motor and generator, so that the rotor shaft can function as an output and drive shaft.
- a torque sensor such as a strain gauge, is applied to the rotor shaft of the electrical machine and is designed to detect the torque applied to the rotor shaft.
- the torque sensor is designed to provide a corresponding torque signal, preferably in analog form, as a function of the torque applied to the rotor shaft, which is then transmitted in a control unit, such as
- the engine control unit can be processed, analyzed and evaluated.
- the method of FIG. 1 starts at step 100 and then arrives at step 110, at which the torque sensor generates a torque signal indicating the torque applied to the rotor shaft and makes it available to a motor control unit for further processing.
- the method then arrives at a step 120 in which bandpass filtering of the torque signal takes place.
- Bandpass filtering in particular those signal components are filtered out in which the errors of the drive were reflected.
- Step 130 is an absolute value formation of the difference between the original torque signal generated by the torque sensor and the filtered torque signal, whereby the disturbance or the fault of the electrical machine is filtered out.
- step 140 the absolute value formed in step 130 is compared with a reference torque signal that is a
- Torque signal for a faultless electrical machine corresponds.
- the reference torque signal can be stored in the engine control.
- the engine control can access the reference torque signal stored remotely from the vehicle via a telecommunication connection.
- step 140 If it is determined at step 140 that the absolute value formed at step 130 of the predetermined reference torque signal by a predetermined
- step 142 If the torque threshold value deviates, the method goes to step 142 and a counter is also incremented. However, if it is determined at step 140 that the absolute formed at step 130 differs from the predetermined
- the torque threshold value is approximately 20%, preferably approximately 10%, most preferably approximately 5% of the
- a query is made as to whether the count value exceeds a predetermined count threshold value. If this is the case, the method goes to step 160 and a fault in the electrical machine is recognized. If the counter value falls below the predetermined counting threshold at step 150, the method goes to step 142 and a decision is made on “no error” or “error-free electrical machine” and the method then goes back to step 110, where a new one is repeated
- Torque signal is generated by means of a torque sensor.
- Step 150 thus serves to ensure that individual measurement outliers or
- Step 150 can also serve to ensure that an error is only recognized when the error has existed for a certain period of time and is therefore also a real error.
- a torque signal can be generated, for example, at fixed time intervals, such as every 100 mps (or sampling rate of approximately 10 kHz).
- the torque signal can also be analyzed, for example a frequency analysis.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary time curve of the torque which is applied to the rotor shaft with the
- Torque sensor was determined.
- the solid line 200 represents the torque curve which would be expected with a fault-free electric drive.
- Line 200 thus shows the profile of the torque that would be applied to the rotor shaft of an electrical machine that has neither a mechanical nor an electrical fault.
- the dashed line 300 represents one
- Torque curve 300 deviates significantly from the expected torque curve 200.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out during normal operation of the electrical machine.
- the electrical machine In particular that is
- Method according to the invention suitable for identifying electrical faults in the electrical machine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019201985.4A DE102019201985B4 (de) | 2019-02-14 | 2019-02-14 | Verfahren zum Erkennen eines Fehlers einer elektrischen Maschine für ein Fahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2020/053820 WO2020165376A1 (de) | 2019-02-14 | 2020-02-13 | Verfahren zum erkennen eines fehlers einer elektrischen maschine für ein fahrzeug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3925067A1 true EP3925067A1 (de) | 2021-12-22 |
Family
ID=69631544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20706164.9A Withdrawn EP3925067A1 (de) | 2019-02-14 | 2020-02-13 | Verfahren zum erkennen eines fehlers einer elektrischen maschine für ein fahrzeug |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3925067A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019201985B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020165376A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120871820B (zh) * | 2025-09-26 | 2025-12-05 | 江苏晟楠电子科技股份有限公司 | 一种用于低速大扭矩电机控制系统的故障在线诊断方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5517415A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-14 | Trw Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting a motor stall condition in an electric assist steering system |
| IL124932A0 (en) * | 1998-06-16 | 1999-01-26 | Mea Motor Inspection Ltd | Method and apparatus for testing rotating machines |
| DE102012018209B4 (de) * | 2012-09-14 | 2020-06-10 | Audi Ag | Messverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Eisenverlustes in einem Blechpaket für eine elektrische Maschine |
| DE102013200872A1 (de) * | 2013-01-21 | 2014-07-24 | Areva Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Fehlern einer elektrischen Maschine |
| US9707994B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 | 2017-07-18 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Steering, Ltd. | Power steering device |
| DE102013107504A1 (de) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh | Drehmomentsensoreinrichtung |
| GB201318910D0 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2013-12-11 | Trw Ltd | Motor circuit for electrical power assisted steering and method |
| CN106461067A (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2017-02-22 | 洛德公司 | 用于可旋转轴的扭矩监测系统 |
| JP6375545B2 (ja) | 2014-09-24 | 2018-08-22 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | パワーステアリング装置およびパワーステアリング装置の制御回路 |
| US20160178464A1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Torque sensor monitoring for gas turbine engine |
| KR20170115523A (ko) | 2015-02-27 | 2017-10-17 | 히다치 오토모티브 시스템즈 가부시키가이샤 | 파워 스티어링 장치 및 그 제어 장치 |
| DE102015213084B4 (de) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-02-09 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Lagersystems |
| EP3255776A1 (de) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-13 | ABB Technology AG | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung von torsionaler ablenkung einer drehwelle in einem elektromechanischen antriebsstrang |
| CN105974639A (zh) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-09-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 内嵌式触控基板及其驱动方法、显示面板 |
| JP6769328B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-10 | 2020-10-14 | 株式会社デンソー | 回転電機制御装置、および、これを用いた電動パワーステアリング装置 |
-
2019
- 2019-02-14 DE DE102019201985.4A patent/DE102019201985B4/de active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-13 EP EP20706164.9A patent/EP3925067A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-02-13 WO PCT/EP2020/053820 patent/WO2020165376A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019201985A1 (de) | 2020-08-20 |
| DE102019201985B4 (de) | 2024-03-07 |
| WO2020165376A1 (de) | 2020-08-20 |
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