EP3924120A1

EP3924120A1 - Decoring hammer for decoring castings and decoring machine and method for decoring a casting

Info

Publication number: EP3924120A1
Application number: EP20711773.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Alois Boindecker
Original assignee: Fill GmbH
Current assignee: Fill GmbH
Priority date: 2019-02-11
Filing date: 2020-02-11
Publication date: 2021-12-22
Also published as: CN113316493A; AT522125A1; WO2020163886A1; MX2021009385A; US20220080497A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a decoring hammer (1) for decoring castings (2), comprising: - a housing (3) and an impulse member (4), which is coupled to the housing (3) and has a contact surface (5), which serves for coming into contact with the casting (2) to be decored. Also provided is a hold-down device (14), which is coupled to the housing (3) and has a holding-down surface (15), which serves for coming into contact with the casting (2) to be decored, the impulse member (4) being movable in relation to the hold-down device (14).

Description

CUTTER HAMMER FOR CUTTING CASTINGS

AS WELL AS A CUTTER MACHINE AND PROCEDURE FOR CUTTING A CAST PIECE

The invention relates to a coring hammer for coring cast workpieces.

From WO2015 / 189757A1 a coring hammer for coring cast workpieces is known. The coring hammer has a housing, a quill and a percussion piston received in the quill.

Another coring hammer is known from WO2014 / 056014A1.

The de-coring hammers known from WO2015 / 189757A1 and WO2014 / 056014A1 have the disadvantage that the workpiece can only be cored inadequately with them.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a coring hammer for improved core quality.

This object is achieved by a device and a method according to the claims.

According to the invention, a coring hammer is designed for coring cast workpieces. The mortiser includes:

- a housing;

- A striking piece which is coupled to the housing and which has a contact surface which is used to rest on the cast workpiece to be cored. Furthermore, a downholder is formed which is coupled to the housing and which has a downholder surface which is used to rest on the cast workpiece to be cored, the hammer being displaceable relative to the downholder.

The coring hammer according to the invention has the advantage that the cast workpiece can be held in position by means of the hold-down device and the

Impact pulses can be introduced onto the cast workpiece, so that an improved coring effect can be achieved.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the hold-down device is at least partially hollow-cylindrical and has a central cavity, the hammer being received in the cavity. When the hold-down is arranged around the hammer is, this has the surprising advantage that an improved coring effect can be achieved. The improved coring effect can presumably be achieved by the fact that the impact energy can advantageously be introduced into the cast workpiece due to the arrangement of the hold-down device. In a first exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the hold-down device is designed as a hollow cylinder. In a further exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the hold-down device is not entirely hollow-cylindrical, but that it has interruptions with respect to the circumference, so that the hammer is accessible.

In a further alternative variant, it can also be provided that the hold-down device has individual segments or pins which are arranged around the hammer. These individual segments or pins can be arranged close to one another around the hammer, or they can also be spaced apart from one another.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the hold-down device is rigidly coupled to the housing and that the hammer is displaceable relative to the housing. A coring hammer designed in this way can have the simplest possible structure and thus be simple to manufacture and also be less prone to errors.

In addition, it can be provided that the striker has a striker head and a guide part, wherein a diameter of the hammer head is larger than a diameter of the guide part and the cavity of the hold-down device then has a shoulder for the striker head on the hold-down surface, with a diameter ser of the paragraph is larger than the diameter of the hammer head. A quick and good gutting result can be achieved by this measure.

An embodiment is also advantageous, according to which it can be provided that a securing element is formed, by means of which the striker is secured in the longitudinal direction against falling out of the hold-down device.

According to the invention, a coring machine for coring cast workpieces is ausgebil det. The coring machine includes:

- a machine frame;

- a support table for holding the cast workpiece to be cored,

- a coring hammer. The de-boning hammer has the hold-down device, the hold-down device of the de-boning hammer being displaceable relative to the support table. A coring machine with a coring hammer designed in this way is particularly suitable for coring cast workpieces.

It can also be useful if the coring machine also includes the following components:

- A machine table which is gekop pelt by means of a suspension with the machine frame, wherein the machine table is movably mounted relative to the machine frame by means of the suspension at least in a Hauptbewe supply direction, wherein the workpiece carrier is coupled ger to the machine table;

- A first eccentric mass which is rotatably mounted on the machine table;

- A second eccentric mass which is rotatably mounted on the machine table, wherein the second eccentric mass is driven in opposite directions to the first eccentric mass;

wherein the workpiece carrier is mounted rotatably about a horizontal axis of rotation relative to the machine frame.

According to the invention, a method is provided for coring a cast workpiece, in particular by means of a de-coring hammer or by means of a coring machine. The procedure comprises the following steps:

- Applying a hold-down surface of a hold-down device of the coring hammer to the cast workpiece;

Applying a hold-down force to the cast workpiece by means of the hold-down surface of the hold-down;

- Applying impact pulses to the cast workpiece by means of a striking piece of the core hammer.

Furthermore, it can be provided that, in addition to the impact pulses, the striking piece is pressed against the cast workpiece with a striking piece pressing force, the striking piece pressing force being lower than the hold-down force of the hold-down device. This has the surprising advantage that the cast workpiece is not damaged, or damaged as little as possible, in the area in which the hammer acts.

According to a particular embodiment, it is possible that the hold-down force and / or the striking piece pressing force, depending on the nature of the cast workpiece and / or during the Applying the impact pulses to the cast workpiece can be changed. By taking this measure, it is possible for the striking piece pressure force or the hold-down force to be set for different cast workpieces in such a way that the best possible coring result can be achieved. If there is a change in the hold-down force and / or the hammer pressure force during the coring process, an optimal effect can be achieved depending on the coring progress.

The hammer pressure force is the force with which the contact surface of the hammer is pressed against the cast workpiece. The hammer pressure force is superimposed by the impact pulses of the hammer.

In this document, the main purpose of the coring hammer is described, namely the coring of cast workpieces. However, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that the de-chipping hammer is also suitable for knocking off porous material from any work piece. The coring hammer can therefore also be used to clean workpieces, for example. Such other uses of the coring hammer are also within the scope of this document.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a deceiver in a first position;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the coring hammer in a working position;

3 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a coring machine;

Figure 4 is an elevation of a first embodiment of the coring machine;

Figure 5 is an elevation of a second embodiment of the coring machine. At the outset, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The position details chosen in the description, such as above, below, side, etc., refer to the figure immediately described and shown and these position details are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position.

FIG. 1 shows a half-section of a demining hammer 1, which is used for coring cast workpieces 2. In particular, the deicing hammer 1 is used to be able to break up the sand cores in the cast workpiece 2 by vibration, or to be able to remove sand residues from the cast workpiece 2.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the coring hammer 1 has a housing 3 which forms the base of the coring hammer 1 and is used to accommodate further attachments.

Furthermore, it can be provided that a hammer 4 is arranged in the housing 3, which is used to rest on the cast workpiece 2 to be cored. In particular, it is provided that, during the core removal process, a contact surface 5 of the striking piece 4 rests on the cast workpiece 2 to be core.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, it can be provided that the hammer 4 is received in a hammer receptacle 6 in the housing 3 in a longitudinal direction 7 of the deicing hammer 1. The striking piece 4 is in this case received in the striking piece receptacle 6 in such a way that the contact surface 5 of the striking piece 4 lies outside the housing 3 and can be brought into contact with the cast workpiece 2.

Furthermore, it can be provided that a securing element 8 is formed, by means of which the hammer 4 can be secured against falling out of the hammer receptacle 6. Furthermore, it can be provided that a safety recess 9 is formed in the hammer 4, which cooperates with the safety element 8, the safety recess 9 having a longitudinal extension 10 which is dimensioned such that the hammer 4 can move freely in the hammer receptacle 6 can. Furthermore, it can be provided that a percussion piston 11 is formed, which serves to apply the percussion energy to the percussion piece 4. In particular, it can be provided that the percussion piston 11 is designed to periodically strike a percussion piston surface 12 of the percussion part 4, whereby the percussion pulse can be introduced into the percussion part 4. The percussion piston 11 can be driven, for example, by means of an electric motor or also pneumatically or hydraulically.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the striking piece 4 has a taper 13 in the region of the striking piston surface 12. The tapering 13 is used to be able to absorb any deformation of the percussion piston surface 12 of the percussion piece 4 without the percussion piece 4 seizing up in the percussion piece receptacle 6.

Furthermore, a hold-down 14 is formed which has a hold-down surface 15, which also serves to rest on the cast workpiece 2. In the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, it is provided that the hold-down device 14 is rigidly coupled to the housing 3.

In an alternative, not shown exemplary embodiment, it can also be provided that the hold-down device 14 can be displaced relative to the housing 3 by means of an actuator. Such an actuator can be, for example, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, not shown, it can also be provided that the hold-down device 14 is spring-preloaded and displaceable relative to the housing 3, so that a pressing force of the hold-down device 14 on the cast workpiece 2 is determined by the spring force. The spring can be, for example, an elastic component such as a helical spring or a gas spring.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, it can be provided that the hold-down device 14 has a cavity 16 in which the hammer 4 is received.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the hammer 4 has a guide part 17 by means of which the hammer 4 is guided in the hammer receiver 6. The guide part 17 of the hammer 4 has a diameter 18. Furthermore, it is provided that an inner diameter 19 of the cavity 16 of the hold-down device 14 is larger than the diameter 18 of the guide part 17. Furthermore, it can be provided that the hammer 4 has a hammer head 20 on which the contact surface 5 of the hammer 4 is formed . A diameter 21 of the hammer head 20 is larger than the diameter 18 of the guide part 17. It can also be provided that a shoulder 22 is formed in the hold-down device 14, which is used to receive the hammer head 20. A diameter 23 of the paragraph 22 is greater than the diameter 21 of the hammer head 20. The hammer head 20 also has a height 24 which is smaller than a height 25 of the paragraph 22. The described configuration, the hammer 4 can be used re relative to the hold-down 14 to be able to apply the impact energy to the cast workpiece 2.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, it can be provided that the hold-down device 14 is fastened to the housing 3 by means of a fastening means 26.

In Fig. 1, the deicing hammer 1 is shown in a contact position, with only the contact surface 5 of the hammer 4 on the cast workpiece 2 is applied. In order to transfer the hammer 1 into its working position, it is shifted in the longitudinal direction 7 to the cast workpiece 2, so that the hold-down surface 15 of the hold-down 14 also rests on the cast workpiece 2. This working position is shown in FIG.

Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of a coring machine 27, which can also be referred to as a vibrating machine, in an oblique view. The coring machine 27 serves to core cast workpieces 2. The coring machine 27 comprises a machine frame 28 which can be or is set up on a machine substructure 29. Furthermore, the coring machine 27 comprises a machine table 31, which is mounted movably in a main direction of movement 30 in relation to the machine frame 28, for clamping the cast workpiece 2. The machine table 31 is movably mounted on the machine frame 28 by means of a suspension 32.

In addition, the de-coring machine 1 comprises a first eccentric mass 33 which is rotatably mounted on the machine table 31.

Furthermore, in the present exemplary embodiment, the coring machine 1 comprises a second eccentric mass 34 which is rotatably mounted on the machine table 31. The second eccentric mass 34 is driven in opposite directions to the first eccentric mass 33. In the present exemplary embodiment, the first eccentric mass 33 and the second eccentric mass 34 are each coupled to an eccentric drive motor 35.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the two eccentric masses 33, 34 can each be driven independently of one another by the respectively associated eccentric drive motor 35. The two eccentric drive motors 35 can be controlled in such a way that the eccentric masses 33, 34 are rotated in opposite directions in a synchronized manner.

As can also be seen from FIG. 3, it can be provided that a workpiece carrier 36 is provided for receiving the cast workpiece 2. The workpiece carrier 36 can be mounted so as to be rotatable relative to the machine table 31 by means of a rotary bearing 37 about a horizontal axis of rotation 38. The horizontal axis of rotation 38 can be arranged parallel to the main direction of movement 30.

Due to the pivotability of the workpiece carrier 36, the cast workpiece 2 can be turned upside down or pivoted to the side, so that the molding sand located in the cast workpiece 2 can be removed from the cast workpiece 2 by the action of gravity.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, during operation of the coring machine 1, the machine table 31 is caused to vibrate in the main direction of movement 30 by the eccentric masses 33, 34. This relative movement between the machine table 31 and the machine frame 28 can be achieved by the flexible suspension 32 of the machine table 31.

In particular, it can be provided that the machine table 31 oscillates with an amplitude between +/- 2 mm to +/- 15 mm. An amplitude of +/- 4 mm to +/- 8 mm has proven to be advantageous.

Since the workpiece carrier 36 is gekop pelt by means of the rotary bearing 37 with the machine table 31, the workpiece carrier 36 also oscillates with the machine table 31 in the same amplitude. The rotary bearing 37 as a connecting component between the machine table 31 and the workpiece carrier 36 therefore naturally also oscillates in the main direction of movement 30.

Furthermore, a rotary drive 39 is shown schematically, which is used to rotate the workpiece carrier 36 relative to the machine table 31. Fig. 4 shows a schematic front view of the coring machine 1 with a possible application example of the coring hammers 1 according to the invention is shown.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, it can be provided that the workpiece carrier 36 has a support table 40 on which the cast workpiece or workpieces 2 rest.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the support table 40 is arranged on a base frame 42 such that it can be tilted by means of a self-aligning bearing 41. This is particularly advantageous when two coring hammers 1 are formed. As a result of this measure, two cast workpieces 2 can be attached to the support table 40, with the clamping force being able to be divided between the two cast workpieces 2 due to the pendulum bearing 41.

Furthermore, it can be provided that an infeed cylinder 43 is formed, by means of which the support table 40 can be displaced relative to the coring hammers 1. This measure allows cast workpieces 2 of different heights to be clamped in the workpiece carrier 36.

In particular, it can be provided that the coring hammer 1 can be pressed against the cast workpiece 2 by means of the adjusting cylinder 43 in such a way that the hold-down device 14 rests on the cast workpiece 2. It can thus be provided that the hold-down force, which is applied to the cast workpiece 2 by means of the hold-down surface 15 of the hold-down device 14, is determined by the infeed cylinder 43.

In a first exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the base frame 42 of the workpiece carrier 36 can be displaced relative to the rotary bearing 37, whereby the infeed of the coring hammer 1 to the workpiece 2 is achieved. In particular, the workpieces 2, which are received on the support table 40, are moved towards the Ent kernhammer 1.

Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the front view.

As can be seen from Fig. 5, it can be provided that the support table 40 is rigidly received on the rotary support 37 and that the coring hammer 1 as a whole can be displaced relative to the support table 40 by means of the feed cylinder 43, whereby the coring hammer 1 with the cast workpiece 2 is engageable. As can be seen from FIG. 5, provision can be made for two or more de-combing hammers 1 to be formed, each of which has its own feed cylinder 43. As a result of this measure, the hold-down force, which is applied to the cast workpiece 2 by the hold-down device 14, can be set individually for each of the de-deicing hammers 1 and independently of the further de-deicing hammers 1.

Furthermore, a guide rail system 44 can be formed by means of which the coring hammer 1 or the coring hammer 1 can be adjusted in the main direction of movement 30 and / or in a transverse direction 45 relative to the support table 40. In particular, it can be provided that the coring hammers 1 can be adjusted individually and independently of one another.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated design variants, but rather various combinations of the individual design variants are possible with each other and this possible variation is based on the teaching on technical action The present invention is within the ability of those skilled in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or feature combinations from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions for themselves. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description should be understood to include any and all sub-areas, e.g. the information 1 to 10 should be understood to include all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are, ie all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, for example 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10. For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

List of reference symbols

Coring hammer 30 main direction of movement

Cast workpiece 31 machine table

Housing 32 suspension

Striker 33 first eccentric mass

Contact surface striking piece 34 second eccentric mass striking piece receptacle 35 eccentric drive motor longitudinal direction 36 workpiece carrier securing element 37 pivot bearing

Fuse recess 38 Horizontal axis of rotation Longitudinal extension Fuse 39 Rotary drive

40 support table

Percussion piston 41 self-aligning bearings

Impact piston surface Impact piece 42 Base frame

Tapering impact piece 43 infeed cylinder

Downholder 44 Guide rail system Downholder surface 45 Cross direction

Cavity hold-down device

Guiding part striking piece

Diameter guide part

Inner diameter cavity

Striker head

Impact head diameter

paragraph

Diameter paragraph

Striker head height

Height heel

Fastening means

Coring machine

Machine frame

Machine substructure

Claims

Patent claims

1. Deboning hammer (1) for deboning cast workpieces (2), comprising:

- a housing (3);

- A striker (4) which is coupled to the housing (3) and which has a Anlageflä surface (5) which is used to rest on the cast workpiece to be cored (2);

characterized in that

a hold-down device (14) is formed, which is coupled to the housing (3) and which has a hold-down surface (15) which is used to rest on the cast workpiece (2) to be cored, the hammer (4) being relative to the hold-down device (14) is movable.

2. Deicing hammer (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the hold-down (14) is at least partially hollow-cylindrical and has a central cavity (16), the hammer (4) being received in the cavity (16).

3. De-coring hammer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hold-down device (14) is rigidly coupled to the housing (3) and that the hammer (4) is displaceable relative to the housing (3).

4. The hammer (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the hammer (4) has a hammer head (20) and a guide part (17), wherein a diameter (21) of the hammer head (20) is greater than a Diameter (18) of the guide part (17) and wherein the cavity (16) of the hold-down device (14) has a shoulder (22) for the hammer head (20) adjoining the hold-down surface (15), a diameter (23) of the shoulder (22) is larger than the diameter (21) of the hammer head (20).

5. De-coring hammer (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a securing element (8) is formed by means of which the hammer (4) is secured in the longitudinal direction (7) against falling out of the hold-down device (14).

6. A coring machine (27) for coring cast workpieces (2), comprising:

- a machine frame (28); - A support table (40) for receiving the cast workpiece (2) to be cored,

- a coring hammer (1)

characterized in that

the deboning hammer (1) is designed according to one of the preceding claims and that a hold-down device (14) of the deboning hammer (1) can be displaced relative to the support table (40).

7. coring machine (27) according to claim 6, characterized in that the coring machine (27) further comprises the following components:

- A machine table (31) which is coupled to the machine frame (28) by means of a suspension (32), the machine table (31) being movable by means of the suspension (32) at least in one main direction of movement (30) relative to the machine frame (28) ge is stored, wherein the workpiece carrier (36) is coupled to the machine table (31);

- A first eccentric mass (33) which is rotatably mounted on the machine table (31);

- A second eccentric mass (34) which is rotatably mounted on the machine table (31), the second eccentric mass (34) being driven in opposite directions to the first eccentric mass (33);

wherein the workpiece carrier (36) is mounted rotatably about a horizontal axis of rotation (38) relative to the machine frame (28).

8. A method for core-removing a cast workpiece (2), in particular by means of a coring hammer (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 or by means of a coring machine (27) according to one of claims 6 or 7, the method comprising the method steps:

- Applying a hold-down surface (15) of a hold-down device (14) of the coring hammer (1) to the cast workpiece (2);

- Application of a hold-down force to the cast workpiece (2) by means of the hold-down surface (15) of the hold-down (14);

- Applying impact pulses to the cast workpiece (2) by means of a striking piece (4) of the de-demister (1).

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the striking piece (4) in addition to the impact pulses with a striking piece pressing force on the cast workpiece (2) is pressed, the striker pressing force is less than the hold-down force of the hold-down device (14).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the hold-down force and / or the impact piece pressure force are changed depending on the nature of the cast workpiece (2) and / or during the application of the impact pulses to the cast workpiece (2).