EP3921084B1 - Method and device for separating feedstock - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for separating feed material, wherein the feed material has at least one ferromagnetic material fraction and a non-ferrous material fraction (that is, a non-ferrous, in particular metallic, material fraction and/or a non-ferromagnetic material fraction).

The aforementioned material fractions are to be understood in particular as comprising iron-containing and/or ferromagnetic or non-iron-containing feed material particles or components. The aforementioned ferromagnetic feed particles and/or components of the ferromagnetic material fraction do not have to consist of a ferromagnetic material, but can in particular have it. A conveying stream, which is composed of the material fractions to be separated and the "residual fraction", is guided through the individual process steps in the conveying direction.

The flow is fed to a first separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction by means of a first magnetic separation device. The flow is then fed to a second separation of a second ferromagnetic material fraction from the flow by means of a second magnetic separation device. Accordingly, a two-stage separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions is provided.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a device for carrying out the aforementioned method, wherein the device has a first magnetic separation device for the separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction and a second magnetic separation device for the second deposition of a second ferromagnetic material fraction.

In the area of processing reusable metallic material fractions, methods and devices are known which separate ferromagnetic material fractions from a conveying stream. Both the device and the method can be used to process mixed waste that contains a high proportion of reusable, preferably lumpy, metallic material fractions. Subsequent recycling of the material fractions ultimately requires at least essentially accurate and/or pure separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions.

The methods and devices known in practice for separating ferromagnetic material fractions from feed material are associated with a number of disadvantages. With a higher throughput, there is usually no effective separation of the ferromagnetic material fraction, so that the flow already passing through the process still has a non-negligible proportion of ferromagnetic components. A safe separation of these components cannot be sufficiently guaranteed due to the low efficiency of the known separation process of the ferromagnetic material fractions.

In addition, there is no sufficient economic efficiency by reusing the ferromagnetic material fraction in the currently known magnetic separation processes, since ultimately the operating and process costs generally exceed the profits that can be achieved by reusing the separated ferromagnetic material fractions. However, due to legal requirements regarding the processing of waste, the procedures must be carried out.

Furthermore, the device known from practice for carrying out the method is bulky and ultimately takes up a lot of space, so that sufficient space is required for the known device.

In order to achieve an effective and/or precise separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions, it is generally necessary to pass the feed material through the aforementioned process at least twice, which increases the process time required for the separation and the operating costs.

The GB 1 530 065 A relates to a sorting process for separating a ferromagnetic material fraction.

The US 2017/232446 A1 relates to a method and a device for the separation of ferromagnetic material fractions.

The WO 2012/121438 A1 relates to a separation system for ferromagnetic material fractions.

The CN 109 201 331 A relates to a magnetic separation device which has magnetic deflection rollers.

The object of the present invention is to avoid or at least substantially reduce the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is the object of the present invention to increase the degree of separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions from the feed material in a single process run.

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is achieved in particular at least essentially by a method according to claim 1.

According to the invention it is provided that a redistribution and/or a reallocation of the material of the conveying stream takes place between the first deposition and the second deposition.

A redistribution of the material of the conveying stream is to be understood in particular in such a way that the material of the conveying stream is mixed between the first separation and the second separation. Ultimately, the material of the flow can be “turned inside out”.

According to the invention, a conveyor device is provided for feeding to the first separation, wherein the conveyor device can transfer the conveying stream to a further conveyor device. In particular, a redistribution and/or a reallocation of the material of the conveying stream can take place through the design and/or the arrangement of the conveying device and the further conveying device.

When redistributing the material of the conveying stream, those "lower" components of the material of the conveying stream, which at least essentially face the conveying device, can be at least partially in the "upper" region of the conveying stream - seen in cross section, in particular transversely to the conveying direction - on the other Conveyor device can be arranged.

If, for example, there is a layering of the material of the conveying stream, a reallocation of the material of the conveying stream can contribute to the fact that at least one "lower" layer, in particular the lowest layer, of the conveying stream conveyed along the conveying device becomes an "upper" layer, in particular the top layer, of the flow conveyed along the further conveyor device after transfer to the further conveyor device. The lower layer can face the conveyor device - seen in cross section, in particular transverse to the conveying direction - while the upper layer - seen in cross section, in particular transverse to the conveying direction - can face away from the further conveyor device.

When stratifying the conveying flow, a distinction can be made between upper layers, facing away from the conveying device and/or the further conveying device, and lower layers, in particular facing the conveying device and/or the further conveying device, which are separated from one another by a central plane. The middle plane can run centrally through the cross section of the flow. In particular, the central plane is oriented, at least in sections, along the conveying direction and/or divides the conveying flow, in particular along the conveying direction, into an upper and lower part. In addition, the central plane is preferably perpendicular to the cross section of the conveying flow, which is oriented transversely to the conveying direction.

Ultimately, the layers can also be mixed during the redeployment, although basically the aforementioned redistribution remains.

In particular, the layers can be mirrored along the central plane - seen in the cross section of the conveying flow, in particular transversely to the conveying direction.

According to the invention it is provided that the delivery flow is guided as a single delivery flow at least in the area between the first and the second separation. This is advantageous for a simple process that results in a high efficiency of the second deposition.

According to the invention, the redistribution and/or the rearrangement does not take place with the help of screening. Preferably, the redistribution and/or redistribution does not take place in and/or not in the vicinity of a screening and/or an eddy current separation (or a corresponding means, a corresponding device and/or a corresponding device for carrying out the respective method step). It can also be provided that, for example, no comminution of components of the conveying stream is provided immediately before and/or after and/or during the redistribution and/or the reallocation.

The redistribution or the redeployment can thus be carried out in a very repeatable and defined manner if the aforementioned influences are deliberately kept away in order to make the result of the first and second deposition at least essentially predictable and/or continuous.

Furthermore, both the redistribution and the redistribution make it possible for small, ferromagnetic components and/or particles of the feed material, in particular, which could not be captured by the first deposition, to be deposited by the second deposition. By redistributing and/or rearranging the material of the conveying stream, in particular mixing and/or reversing the material flow, those ferromagnetic components and/or particles of the material of the conveying stream that are not separated by the first deposition due to their lower arrangement facing the conveying device can could be captured by the second deposition. Thus, sufficient access to ferromagnetic components and/or particles of the entire cross section of the conveying flow, in particular transversely to the conveying direction, is guaranteed according to the invention.

According to the invention, a high proportion of reusable, recovered ferromagnetic material fractions can be obtained from the feed material, while at the same time ensuring the economic viability of the entire recycling process. Consequently, legal requirements in particular can be met from an economic point of view. In addition, the method according to the invention enables high ecological compatibility. Preferably, a new run through of “the remaining fraction” of the conveyed material that has not been separated can be avoided.

The "residual fraction" is made up of the material fraction that has not been separated - "left over". Non-ferromagnetic metal components can subsequently be removed from the “residual fraction” resulting after the first and second deposition.

A targeted recovery of the metallic components can be made possible according to the invention, which in particular enables a high degree of purity of the various metallic components. So far this has not been possible in the prior art. If a metallic separation took place at all, this was due to legal requirements and/or the separation of impurities. The Contaminants would otherwise affect subsequent process steps. However, in connection with experiments according to the invention, it was demonstrated that the targeted extraction of valuable materials as such can be used profitably.

Preferably, the efficiency of the ferromagnetic separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions from the feed material is increased by up to 70% compared to the prior art. In addition, a high degree of purity of the separated individual fractions can be guaranteed, which is particularly advantageous for metals and their reuse. This ensures that the metals can be reused economically.

In particular, the first separation is designed in such a way that there is a very high degree of separation for larger components of the ferromagnetic material of the delivery stream. Larger components can be understood as meaning rods, elongated components and/or components with a weight of over 200 g and/or with a volume of at least (1•10 ^-3 ) m ³ .

In the second ferromagnetic separation, in particular small parts that are smaller and/or lighter than the larger components of the conveying stream separated with the first separation can be separated. The second deposition preferably takes place via a contacting surface. Advantageously, the second ferromagnetic separation is designed in such a way that the ferromagnetic components of the flow that cannot be detected or can only be incompletely detected by the first separation, in particular by means of the first magnetic separation device, can be separated in a targeted and purposeful manner. This ultimately increases the separation efficiency of the ferromagnetic material fraction, especially with just a single process pass.

Furthermore, the redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material enables a compact design of the device carrying out the method to be ensured. In particular, the solution according to the invention can reduce the space capacity required for the device carrying out the method by at least 20% and/or by up to 60% compared to systems known from the prior art. This preferably enables a compact arrangement of the device.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method, the feed material is placed in a dosing bunker device. In particular, the feed material is abandoned before the first separation. Ultimately, the feed material can be temporarily stored in the dosing bunker device - that is, stored or bunkered - and in particular also fed to the first separation in adjustable fractions. Advantageously, the feed material can be fed not only from above, but alternatively and/or cumulatively from the side of the dosing bunker device, whereby “laterally” is understood to mean the longitudinal extent of the device carrying out the method. Ultimately, the feed material can be fed to the dosing bunker device in different ways.

The feed material can have been comminuted before being fed to the dosing bunker device, so that an effective separation of individual, separable and singizable material particles of the feed material can be ensured.

Furthermore, the material to be conveyed can be transferred as a conveying stream from the metering bunker device to or to a metering device, in particular a belt feeder, preferably a bunker discharge belt. The flow can be conveyed or transported along the metering device.

In particular, the conveyed material is dropped from the dosing bunker device via at least one dosing opening onto the dosing device. Ultimately, the dosing device can be used to transport the material to be conveyed from the dosing bunker device.

Preferably, the material to be conveyed can be fractionated, equalized and/or separated by means of a metering means, for example a slide and/or a metering roller, before being transferred to the metering device.

According to the invention, the flow of the first separation is supplied via a conveyor device. An acceleration belt can be provided as a conveyor device. In particular, the delivery flow can be transferred from the metering device to the conveyor device. In addition, the conveying flow can be equalized in the conveying direction by means of the conveying device, which in particular results in material separation of the conveying flow. This allows the degree of separation of the first separation to be increased.

Preferably, the conveying flow is weighed at least in areas on the conveying device, in particular using a belt scale. The measurement results can be used to control and/or regulate the method and/or the device.

Preferably, the speed of the conveyor device is greater than the speed of the metering device, in particular by at least 20%, preferably between 100% and 500%. As a result, the flow can be “accelerated” by transferring it from the metering device to the conveyor device.

In particular, the conveying device is operated at a conveying speed such that when the conveyed material is thrown off from the conveying stream, a throwing parabola of between 5 to 50 cm, in particular in a horizontal width, is caused.

The metering device preferably has a, in particular controllable, belt speed of approximately 0.01 m/s. The conveyor device can further preferably have a belt speed of greater than 1 m/s, preferably between 2 to 4 m/s, more preferably between 2.5 to 3 m/s.

According to the invention it is provided that the conveying flow is fed to the second separation via a further conveying device, preferably a vibrating trough. The further conveyor device can vibrate and/or oscillate. In principle, the further conveyor device can also be designed as a conveyor belt.

The further conveyor device, which is preferably designed as a vibrating trough, can be provided for the continuous feeding of the second magnetic separation device which carries out the second separation. The material of the conveying stream is continuously conveyed further by means of vibrations of the further conveying device, in particular in a determinable rhythm.

If a conveying stream is transferred, for example, from the conveying device to the further conveying device, redistribution and/or reallocation can be provided. The redistribution and/or the redistribution can take place in such a way that components of the conveying stream that are at least substantially closer to the conveying device on the conveying device than other, further components of the conveying flow, are at least substantially further away from the conveying stream after the redistribution and/or the redistribution further funding facility than that other, further components of the flow. After the redistribution and/or the reallocation, the other, further components of the conveying flow are then arranged closer to the further conveying device. This mode of operation means that the second deposition can work more effectively due to the preferably provided redistribution and can deposit better than would be the case without redistribution and/or without redistribution.

The redistribution and/or reallocation of the conveying flow according to the invention is understood, in particular, to mean a particularly structured and repeatable redistribution and/or reallocation. For this purpose, in particular an arrangement of the at least two conveying devices relative to one another and/or a guidance of the conveying flow on and/or between the conveying device and the further conveying device is provided. Ultimately, the redistribution - and/or the reallocation - can take place during the belt transfer between two conveyor belts.

Basically, it can be provided that during the reallocation and/or redistribution of the conveying stream, the material of the conveying stream is transferred or transferred from the conveying device to the further conveying device in such a way that a targeted change in the local arrangement of the components of the conveying stream is achieved . In particular, the purpose of the redistribution and/or the reallocation is that components of the flow that were hidden or buried under other components of the flow before the redistribution or before the reallocation are at least essentially revealed after the redistribution or after the reallocation come, are arranged closer to the flow surface and/or are ultimately no longer hidden and/or no longer buried.

It is preferred that the redistribution or reallocation represents a repeatable step in the method according to the invention. This means that the redistribution or rearrangement always causes the same change in the material arrangement within the cross section of the conveying flow, particularly transversely to the conveying direction, when the state before and after are compared. In particular, this naturally applies to the case where the cross section of the incoming conveying flow has at least essentially a constant or continuous structure, particularly transversely to the conveying direction, when it is observed or viewed at one point by a conveying device over time.

Ultimately, according to the invention, it is particularly important when reallocating and/or redistributing that the conveying flow is not simply transferred between two conveying devices in an uncontrolled or at least approximately unguided manner, but that special precautions are taken with regard to the belt transfer and/or the transfer between two conveying devices. This can be, for example, an arrangement of two conveying devices, in particular the conveying device and the further conveying device, at an angle and/or at a certain distance from one another. For example, the conveying flow can be transferred from an acceleration belt to a vibrating trough with a defined implementation of the reallocation and/or redistribution.

According to the invention it is provided that the second separation is carried out while the conveying stream is being conveyed along the further conveying device. In particular, the second deposition can be carried out at the end, preferably away from the belt transfer, on the further conveyor device. The second magnetic separation device can be arranged in and/or on the further conveyor device, in particular wherein the second magnetic separation device is designed as a magnetic deflection roller.

The second deposition is therefore preferably carried out when the belt is discharged from the further conveyor device.

During the second deposition, stainless steel particles from the flow are particularly advantageously deposited with or in the second ferromagnetic material fraction.

Ultimately, it can also be provided for the first deposition that this can take place when the conveying flow is transported in the conveying direction of the conveying device, in particular analogous to the second deposition described above. For example, at the end facing away from the metering device, the second magnetic separation device can be arranged at the belt end of the conveyor device and/or integrated into the conveyor device. The first magnetic separation device can be designed as a deflection roller. The first deposition can accordingly be carried out during the belt discharge from the conveyor device onto the further conveyor device.

For further separation of the first and/or second material fraction, at least one separating means, in particular a, preferably angled, separating plate, can be arranged in the area of the discharge of the conveying stream, so that the first and/or the second material fraction is divided into sub-material fractions with different magnetic properties. Very particularly preferably, for example, the stainless steel particles, which have lower ferromagnetic properties than the iron particles, can be removed from the second material fraction. Accordingly, a further fractionation of the first and/or second material fraction can take place by means of the separating agent, which is preferably designed as a separating crown plate.

In particular, the conveying flow is transferred from the conveying device to or to the further conveying device, wherein the first separation can be arranged in the area of the belt transfer between the conveying device and the further conveying device.

The conveying direction of the conveying device can extend to the conveying direction of the further conveying device at an angle α of greater than 90°, preferably between 100° to 210°, more preferably between 110° and 190°. Ultimately, the conveying direction of the conveying device can run at least essentially opposite to the conveying direction of the further conveying device. Such an arrangement of the conveying directions enables, in particular, a rearrangement and/or redistribution of the material of the conveying flow and at the same time a compact design of the device carrying out the method. In particular, this creates a reversal of the material stream or flow, in particular whereby the vibrations of the further conveying device can ensure further loosening and/or equalization of the material of the conveying stream along the conveying direction of the further conveying device.

Particularly preferably, contact deposition occurs in the second deposition by the second magnetic deposition device integrated or arranged on and/or in the further conveyor device, preferably a magnetic deflection roller. Due to the contact deposition, the second ferromagnetic material fraction can ultimately remain attached to the conveyor belt of the further conveyor device and can thus be separated.

Preferably, the conveying stream is dropped from the conveying device onto the further conveying device, whereby further redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material of the conveying stream can be made possible.

The first deposition particularly preferably takes place in the area where the belt transfers the conveyor device to the further conveyor device. In particular, the first separation also takes place during the discharge of the conveying stream from the conveying device onto the further conveying device. The first ferromagnetic material fraction can be separated by the first magnetic separation device, which is preferably designed as an overband magnetic separator, in such a way that it can be extracted from the conveying flow at least essentially by the acting magnetic forces.

According to the invention, the conveying stream is dropped from the further conveying device onto the second magnetic separation device. It can be provided that the second magnetic separation device rotates and has a contact surface to which the ferromagnetic second material fraction can adhere. According to the invention, the second magnetic separation device is designed as a rotating magnetic drum (magnetic separation roller), on the outer surface of which the conveying flow impacts by being ejected from the further conveying device.

According to the invention, a third separation of a non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction takes place from the flow. In particular, the third material fraction contains non-ferrous metals - that is, non-magnetic and non-ferrous metals.

Very particularly preferably, the third deposition is designed in such a way that at least two fractions of the non-ferrous metals can be deposited. In particular, light metals, copper, brass and/or bronze particles and/or stainless steel, in particular residues of stainless steel, can be provided as non-ferrous metal components of the material of the conveying stream. In particular, aluminum and/or copper and/or brass and/or bronze can preferably be deposited at least substantially separately.

The third deposition takes place in the process direction or in the conveying direction following the second deposition. Ultimately, the third deposition can at least substantially already freed from the ferromagnetic material fractions. According to the invention, the third separation takes place by means of an eddy current separator - also referred to as "eddy current" - or an eddy current separation device, which is designed in particular in such a way that an alternating magnetic field is generated. As a result, eddy currents can arise within the material of the flow stream perpendicular to the alternating magnetic flux, which in turn build up magnetic fields that are opposite to the inducing fields. This leads to a repulsive force (also called Lorenz force). The electrically conductive components of the material of the conveying stream are ejected from the front or above in the running direction of a conveying means, in particular a conveyor belt, by the magnetic force effect and can be collected. A non-electrically conductive residual fraction can be thrown downwards at the end of the conveyor in a discharge parabola that is unaffected by the magnetic field. Ultimately, a non-conductive residual fraction, which preferably has at least essentially no metals, can be separated off.

According to the invention, it has been recognized that the method according to the invention for the deposition of ferromagnetic components can be used particularly advantageously in combination with eddy current deposition. In practice, it is ultimately the case that for eddy current separation a very effective and in particular at least essentially complete separation of ferromagnetic parts must be ensured before the delivery flow is fed to the eddy current separation. However, if the feed material has ferromagnetic components in a non-negligible proportion, the process reliability of the third deposition cannot be sufficiently guaranteed. This entails - as was discovered when the invention came about - the risk that the eddy current separation will not only be disturbed by the ferromagnetic components, but also that safe operation of the eddy current separation device cannot be ensured. A non-negligible proportion of ferromagnetic components in the conveying stream that is fed to the eddy current separation can ultimately cause the risk of the conveyor belt melting or even a fire, especially on the conveyor belt.

The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can ensure such a pure separation of the ferromagnetic components before feeding them to the third separation - ie the eddy current separation - that the necessary process reliability of the entire system and / or the Procedure can also be ensured. This results in a very advantageous aspect in terms of safety, which is ultimately also linked to operating and system costs that can be saved. The flow that is fed to the third deposition according to the invention is at least essentially free of ferromagnetic components, so that the eddy current deposition process can be carried out at least essentially without any related ferromagnetic impurities.

In addition, a fourth separation of a fourth material fraction can take place using an air classifier. In this context, it is understood that the fourth deposition can also be carried out multiple times and in particular at different points in the process. In particular, the fourth deposition can take place after the first deposition and before the second deposition - viewed in the process direction. The fourth deposition can preferably take place in the area of the belt transfer or the discharge of the conveying stream onto the further conveying device.

Alternatively or additionally, the fourth deposition can take place in the conveying direction following the third deposition. In this context, the fourth deposition can be provided both for the non-electrically conductive residual fraction of the flow and/or for the at least one non-ferrous material fraction (that is, the at least one third material fraction).

The air classifier enables particles to be separated based on their ratio of inertia and/or gravity to flow resistance in a gas or air stream; in particular, film residues are separated. As part of this classification process, the respective flow behavior of the particles and/or their density is ultimately utilized. In particular, the air classifier is intended for separating light parts, such as film residues or the like. This enables improved selectivity of the NE fraction separated from the process.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the fourth deposition in the conveying direction is provided following the third deposition for a second process run, in which in particular only the third material fraction of a first process run is treated again, in particular for the deposition of film residues. For example, the dropping behavior of the Eddy current separation device can be used. A second process run of the third material fraction (NF fraction) can be provided for post-cleaning and can be carried out in particular with a significantly reduced proportion if necessary by metering in from the metering bunker device, preferably during a night shift.

In the second process run or in the post-cleaning, it is particularly advantageous if this is carried out with significantly reduced operating parameters, in particular a significantly reduced speed of the respective conveying devices. During post-cleaning, crumbly and/or smaller components in particular are separated into different non-ferrous metal fractions. Therefore, the operating parameters, such as speed and/or rotational speed of process drums, can be adapted to greatly changed composition of the total fraction, so that the selectivity can be increased. Particularly preferably, the second process run is carried out at a speed reduced by up to 50% and/or by up to 75% compared to the regular speed of the conveying devices during the “regular” process sequence. In particular, it is provided that the average throughput speed of the conveyor devices during post-cleaning corresponds to 20% to 40% of the regular average throughput speed of the conveyor devices during the "normal" process cycle. The post-cleaning is intended in particular to supply the conveying stream for the eddy current separation or for the third separation.

According to the invention, the overall process sequence makes it possible for the treated and in particular separated material fractions to be further used as metallic valuable material fractions, so that economical operation is possible.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the passage cross section of the material of the conveying stream becomes wider and/or widens, preferably conically, in the conveying direction along the process steps. An expansion of the passage cross-section by at least 10% - with regard to the ratio of the initial passage cross-section to the final passage cross-section - is preferably provided. Ultimately, an expansion of at least 5% can preferably take place from one stage to the next stage, although an expansion does not have to be provided for every stage. This improves the separation effectiveness and the degree of separation of the individual material fractions.

The present invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding embodiments according to claim 8.

The device is intended for separating feed material. The feed material can have at least one ferromagnetic material fraction and at least one non-ferrous material fraction (that is, a non-magnetic and/or non-iron-containing material fraction). According to the invention, the device has a first magnetic separation device for the first separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction and a second magnetic separation for the second deposition of a second ferromagnetic material fraction.

In the sense of the invention, a first and/or second magnetic separation device is a device for separating or separating ferromagnetic materials or a material fraction, in particular in the form of piece goods and/or bulk goods, from other, non-ferromagnetic materials or from one non-ferromagnetic residual fraction. Typically, a permanent magnet and/or an electromagnet is used in a first and/or second magnetic separation device, which can at least approximately exclusively attract ferromagnetic components of the conveying flow with the aid of its magnetic field. In particular, a first and/or second magnetic separation device is to be understood as one which can separate ferromagnetic material fractions from the conveying stream, but not non-ferromagnetic material fractions such as a non-ferrous material fraction with non-ferrous metals.

Furthermore, the device has a conveying device for supplying the conveying flow to the first magnetic separation device and a further conveying device for supplying the conveying flow to the second magnetic separating device, the conveying device and the further conveying device being arranged in such a way that between the first magnetic separating device and the second magnetic separation device a redistribution and / or redistribution of the material of the flow takes place.

Preferably, the conveying device and the further conveying device are arranged in such a way that the conveying direction of the conveying device corresponds to the conveying direction of the further conveyor device runs at an angle of α greater than 90°, preferably between 100° to 210°, more preferably between 110° to 190°.

In connection with the method according to the invention, it is understood that the aforementioned advantages and special embodiments of the method according to the invention also apply in the same way to the device according to the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, reference may be made to the previous explanations with regard to relevant statements.

A redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material in the conveying flow is understood to mean, in particular, a reversal of the material flow. Those lower particles of the conveying flow that face the conveying device can be arranged in the upper region - facing away from the further conveying device - of the conveying flow in the further conveying device after the transfer.

Not all particles and/or components of the material of the conveying stream that were arranged on the underside of the conveying stream need to be arranged on the top side of the conveying stream on the further conveying device. According to the invention, this is ultimately intended in particular for a larger proportion, preferably of at least 50%, more preferably between 60 to 95%, of the lower particles and/or components.

The device according to the invention results in improved mixing, presentation for physical separation processes and/or loosening of the material of the conveying stream, in particular through the inventive design of the belt transfer between the conveying device and the further conveying device.

In addition, according to the invention, a compact design, in particular a longitudinal design, of the device is made possible.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the device is designed as a mobile unit. A mobile unit is understood to mean a movable unit, preferably road-mobile, which can be used for different locations. According to the invention, the mobile unit makes it possible for the device to be used in particular directly at the location where the feed material to be separated is produced and/or further processed. As a result, no location-based device is necessary, which provides a high level of flexibility for the user results. In addition, costs can also be saved, since in particular there is no need for complicated transport of the feed material to a stationary separating device. The arrangement according to the invention of the conveyor device and the further conveyor device can ensure that the device is compact and, in particular, road-mobile.

A dosing bunker device is preferably provided, which can be used to store and/or receive the feed material. The dosing bunker device can have an at least essentially cuboid shape. However, other forms of the dosing bunker device are also possible according to the invention. The dosing bunker device can have a feed opening for feeding the feed material, which is usually directed upwards, so that feeding from above is possible. In addition, the feed material can also be fed to the dosing device via a conveyor belt. The feed material can also be abandoned, for example, by excavators.

It is also conceivable that the device is assigned to a shredding device which feeds the shredded material as feed material to the device according to the invention. In this context, it would be possible in particular for the dosing bunker device to be provided for equalizing the material and/or for dosing or fractionating the feed material.

Furthermore, the dosing bunker device can have at least one, in particular adjustable, dosing opening. In particular, an opening whose opening cross section is adjustable can be provided as the dosing opening. The dosing opening can be arranged opposite the feed opening, in particular in the bottom area of the dosing bunker device.

Particularly preferably, the dosing bunker device has a volume for the feed material between 1 and 20 m ³ , more preferably from 3 to 10 m ³ .

In addition, at least one side wall can be designed as a, preferably pivotable, flap which can be swung open to feed the feed material. Furthermore, the dosing bunker device can be designed such that a longitudinal orientation in the material flow direction and/or in the conveying direction can be generated. This is preferably achieved by an elongated design of the dosing bunker device and/or by the corresponding arrangement of the Flap wall enables, in particular, the length of the dosing bunker device being at least 50%, preferably between 70 to 900%, larger than the width.

In a further preferred embodiment, a metering device, preferably a belt feeder, in particular a bunker discharge belt, is provided. The dosing device can be arranged at least in some areas below the dosing bunker device and can be provided to promote the delivery flow. In particular, the metering device can be arranged at least partially below the metering opening. Ultimately, the metering device can face away from the feed opening. The metering device in particular supplies the feed material as a flow stream - at least indirectly - to the first separation and the subsequent second separation, with the interaction between the metering device and the metering bunker device allowing the feed material to be fractionated.

Preferably, the conveying device is arranged such that the conveying flow is fed from the metering device to the conveying device. The conveyor device can be designed as a conveyor belt, preferably as an acceleration belt. Ultimately, the conveyor device can also be designed in comparison to the metering device in such a way that it can be operated at a higher, preferably at least 50% and/or up to 500% higher, speed than the metering device. The acceleration belt can be used to achieve equalization and separation of the material in the conveying stream, which in particular can increase the effectiveness of the first separation. At the same time, the increased speed of the conveyor belt causes the material in the conveying stream to be thrown off with a large discharge parabola, which supports the first magnetic separation.

Ultimately, the “throw parabola”, which is particularly part of the separation process, can also be generated and changed by the acceleration belt.

In addition, the conveying device can be arranged obliquely and, preferably, convey the conveying flow upwards, away from a surface on which the device "stands". An arrangement of the conveyor device that is oriented obliquely upwards, in which the end of the belt facing the metering device is closer to the ground than the end of the belt facing away from the metering device Conveyor device is can support a compact design of the device. Due to the purposeful use of space on the top side and the reversal of the material flow between the conveyor device and the further conveyor device, the device can be designed to be very space-saving. Preferably, the conveyor device is arranged at an angle of 20° to 75° to an at least substantially flat, in particular flat, surface. In particular, the longitudinal extension of the conveyor device runs at an angle of 45° +/- 10° to an at least essentially flat subsurface surface.

Preferably, at least in some areas, the conveyor device has at least one weight measuring device, in particular a belt scale, for determining the weight of the conveying flow and/or the throughput (in t/h). The measurement result can be used to control the device, in particular to control the speed of the individual conveyor belts.

In addition, the first magnetic separation device can be designed as an overband magnetic separator. Preferably, the magnetic separation device has a direction of movement or conveying direction that is at least substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying device. The respective conveying directions of the conveying device and the first magnetic separation device can form an angle to one another of up to 45° +/- 10°, preferably between 0° to 15°. In particular, the first magnetic separation device can be arranged above the conveyor device - in particular facing away from the subsurface. Very particularly preferably, the first magnetic separation device is arranged in the area of the belt transfer between the conveyor device and the further conveyor device and/or in the area of the belt end of the conveyor device facing away from the metering device. The first magnetic separation device can preferably also be arranged longitudinally to the conveying direction of the conveying device.

An arrangement of the first magnetic separation device aligned along the longitudinal extent of the conveyor device enables a longer "action time" for the first material fraction to be separated or the flow transported along the conveyor device is exposed to the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic separation device for a longer time, which ultimately increases the degree of separation. In practice, an overband magnet is usually arranged transversely to the process flow, which results in a poorer degree of separation.

According to the invention, a departure from this arrangement - which was previously viewed as almost indispensable - is made possible.

The first ferromagnetic material fraction can be separated from the transportable conveying stream along the longitudinal extent of the conveying device.

In particular, the distance between the first magnetic separation device designed as an overband magnetic separator and the belt end of the conveyor device facing the first separation device is designed such that the larger ferromagnetic components of the first ferromagnetic material fraction can be separated from the conveying flow.

At least one material discharge means can be assigned to the first magnetic separation device. The material discharge means can be part of the device and/or arranged outside the device. In particular, a conveyor belt, a container and/or a slide is provided as a material removal means. Ultimately, the first ferromagnetic material fraction can be transferred to the material dissipation means via the first magnetic separation device and can be stored or stored in particular by means of the material dissipation means and/or a further material dissipation means. Furthermore, a separator of the first magnetic separation device can serve to break the magnetic connection between the magnetic surface of the overband magnetic separator and the particles and/or components of the first ferromagnetic material fraction.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the further conveying device is arranged such that the conveying flow can be transferred from the conveying device to the further conveying device, in particular can be thrown away. The further conveying direction can also be arranged at least partially below the conveying device, facing the subsurface and/or facing away from the first magnetic separation device.

In addition, the further conveyor device can be designed as a conveyor belt or as a vibrating trough. The vibrating trough enables the transport of the conveying stream along the further conveying device by means of vibrations and in particular leads to an equalization of the material of the conveying stream and, as a result, preferably to an improvement in the degree of separation in the second deposition.

The arrangement of the further conveyor device on the underside supports the design of the device according to the invention as a compact unit, whereby, as a further effect, the conveying direction of the further conveyor device can be reversed to the conveying direction of the conveyor device.

According to the invention, the second magnetic separation device is arranged at least in regions below the further conveyor device, facing away from the first magnetic separation device. According to the invention, the second magnetic separation device is arranged such that the conveying flow from the further conveying device can be thrown onto the second magnetic separation device. This arrangement of the second magnetic separation device also enables a compact design of the entire device, preferably with the smallest possible longitudinal extent. Furthermore, dropping the material from the further conveying device onto the second magnetic separation device is advantageous with regard to an improved degree of separation and/or separation of the second ferromagnetic material fraction, in particular whereby the material of the conveying stream can be mixed and/or redistributed by means of the dropping.

According to the invention, the second magnetic separation device is designed as a rotatable magnetic drum. The magnetic drum can in particular have a contact surface which magnetically attracts the ferromagnetic second material fraction and can therefore also separate it from the conveying flow. The second magnetic separation device can have a second separator which is designed to release the magnetic connection between the surface of the second magnetic separation device, which is preferably designed as a magnetic drum, and the second material fraction adhering to this surface.

At least one further material discharge means can be assigned to the second magnetic separation device. The further material removal means can be designed analogously to the material removal means of the first magnetic separation device. Ultimately, the further material dissipation means can be designed as a slide, conveyor belt and/or container and can be used in particular to accommodate and/or store the second ferromagnetic material fraction.

In addition, the second magnetic separation device can be designed such that ferromagnetic small parts that could not be separated via the first magnetic separation device can be separated by the second magnetic separation device. This enables a high degree of separation of the ferromagnetic components of the feed material in the device according to the invention, which is intended in particular for a single process pass of the feed material for separation. In principle, the device can of course also be designed for multiple process runs, in particular with changed operating parameters, of the feed material.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the further conveyor device is designed as a conveyor belt, wherein the second magnetic separation device can be arranged in and/or on the further conveyor device. In particular, the second magnetic separation device is designed as a magnetic deflection roller, which is arranged at the end facing away from the belt transfer from the conveyor device. As a result, a discharge of the conveying flow onto the second magnetic separation device can be avoided and the second separation can be carried out in the conveying direction of the further conveying device. Such a design is particularly very space-saving, since ultimately two components - namely the further conveyor device and the second magnetic separation device - can be combined with one another.

In this context, it is understood that an analogous design in this regard is also possible for the first magnetic separation device. The first magnetic separation device can thus be arranged or integrated at the end of the conveyor device, facing away from the metering device, on and/or in the conveyor device. In particular, the first magnetic separation device can also be designed as a magnetic deflection roller, so that in particular the first separation can take place during the belt transfer to the further conveyor device.

In a further, very particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one separating agent, in particular designed as a separating crown plate, is provided for the first and/or second material fraction. The separating agent can ultimately be designed in particular as an angled sheet metal and serves to separate the first and/or second material fraction.

Ultimately, the separating agent enables the first and/or second material fraction to be separated into “sub-fractions” based on their respective magnetic properties. For example, in the second deposition, ferromagnetic components that have weaker ferromagnetic properties compared to iron-containing particles can be separated from iron-containing, more ferromagnetic components. This can be used in particular to separate a stainless steel fraction; Stainless steel is only slightly ferromagnetic compared to iron.

As a result, a delayed release behavior of the different materials can be used by the separating agent, in particular to separate ferromagnetic small parts from small stainless steel parts. The separating agent can in particular be arranged in front of a material discharge means in such a way that the separated fractions can continue to be removed via material discharge means. In particular, the separating agent is arranged below - facing a subsurface - the conveying device and/or the further conveying device, so that the first and/or second material fraction can be thrown onto the separating agent.

According to the invention, further fractionation can be made possible by the separating agent.

According to the invention, an eddy current separation device is provided for the separation of at least one non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction. In particular, the eddy current separation device is designed such that at least two third material fractions can be separated from the conveying stream, each of which is non-magnetic and electrically conductive.

According to the invention, the first and/or the second and/or a magnetic separation device can therefore be distinguished purely in principle from an eddy current separation device - also called an eddy current separator - since no changing magnetic field is preferably used in the aforementioned magnetic separation devices. The eddy current separation device ultimately exploits the principle that electrically conductive parts that are in a changing magnetic field, which is brought about, for example, by a rotating electromagnet, themselves temporarily become magnetic and can therefore be moved. According to the invention, this principle is preferably not used in the first and/or the second and/or a magnetic separation device.

A non-ferrous material fraction can be provided as the third material fraction. The non-ferrous material fraction can in particular include “non-ferrous metals” and/or light metals, copper, brass, bronze, stainless steel and/or aluminum as material components. In particular, it can be provided that a separation with regard to the material also takes place when the NE fraction (third material fraction) is separated. For example, aluminum and/or brass and/or bronze and/or copper can be removed from the eddy current separation device as a separate material stream or material fraction.

When the invention came about, it was also found that the separation method according to the invention and/or the device according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in combination with an eddy current separation or an eddy current separation device. This is ultimately based on the fact that an effective, in particular at least essentially complete, separation of the ferromagnetic components of the conveying stream is made possible before supply to the eddy current separation device. The ferromagnetic separation takes place using the first and second magnetic separation devices. To ensure process reliability, an effective ferromagnetic separation of the material fractions from the flow is required to ensure safe operation of the eddy current separation device. Ultimately, the non-ferromagnetic metal components can be separated in the eddy current separation device. This enables further separation of the, in particular metallic, material fractions of the flow.

Furthermore, when the invention came about, it was found that in practice it is ultimately the case that - if an eddy current separation device is used in combination with an upstream ferromagnetic separation - safe operation of the entire system cannot be guaranteed. In practice, it is ultimately the case that no effective and/or at least substantially complete separation of the ferromagnetic components of the conveying stream can take place before the delivery stream is fed to the eddy current separation device. However, if a flow that still contains ferromagnetic material - with a proportion that is not negligible - is fed to an eddy current separation device, permanent damage to the eddy current separation device and even the entire system can occur due to the mode of operation and operation of the eddy current separation device, in particular by a Fire cannot be safely avoided. Ultimately, the ferromagnetic components of the conveying flow in the eddy current separating device disrupt the operation of this eddy current separating device and also the resulting magnetic fields, and due to these disturbances the conveyor belt of the eddy current separating device, along which the conveying flow is guided through the eddy current separating device, can become very heated, up to to a fire. There is also a risk that the conveyor belt will melt, which can ultimately cause a fire. This poses a high risk both for the employees operating the system and for permanent damage to the entire device.

The eddy current separation device can preferably be designed such that it comprises a magnet system, in particular a rotor, which consists of and/or has a permanent magnetic material, in particular neodymium. Alternating magnetic poles can be arranged on the circumference of the rotor and rotate as a magnet wheel. The flow can be transported along the eddy current separation device via a conveyor belt. For separation, the flow is exposed to an alternating magnetic field, which creates eddy currents perpendicular to the alternating magnetic flux within the material of the flow. These eddy currents in turn build up magnetic fields that are directed in the opposite direction to the inducing fields, which leads to a repulsive force (Lorenz force). These conductive particles (third material fraction) are ejected in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt by the magnetic force and ultimately collected.

The eddy current separation device can be arranged in such a way that the conveying flow can be transferred from the second magnetic separation device to and/or onto the eddy current separation device, in particular can be thrown away. Preferably, the eddy current separation device is arranged at least partially below the second magnetic separation device, facing away from the first magnetic separation device and/or facing the substrate. The conveying direction of the eddy current separation device can run at least essentially parallel and/or at a different angle of at most 30° to the conveying direction of the further conveying device. This further supports the compact, mobile design of the device according to the invention.

Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, at least one air classifier can be provided for separating a fourth material fraction. The wind classifier can be arranged in such a way that the conveying flow and/or the third material fraction can be transferred from the eddy current separator to the wind classifier. Alternatively or additionally, the wind classifier can be arranged between the conveyor device and the further conveyor device, preferably in the area of the belt transfer. When the air classifier is arranged in the conveying direction downstream of the eddy current separator, the air classifier in particular can be supplied with the NE fraction - that is, the at least a third material fraction. The air classifier can be used to separate light components, in particular plastic films or the like, which ultimately preferably do not have any metallic properties.

The air classifier can also be designed in such a way that the flow fed to the air classifier is classified. The air classifier ultimately separates the flow based on the ratio of inertia and/or gravity to the flow resistance in a gas and/or air stream. Accordingly, the air classifier can “blow out” light components, particularly film-like components.

Arranging the air classifier in the area of the belt transfer between the first conveyor device and the further conveyor device enables, in particular, an improved degree of separation. Light, preferably non-metallic, components can be removed from the conveying stream and therefore do not affect the further process - if necessary by "wrapping" other conveyed goods.

Furthermore, a third material discharge means can also be assigned to the air classifier, which can be designed as a chute, conveyor belt and/or container or the like and ultimately leads to the discharge of the separated material stream.

In this context, it is understood that the eddy current separation device for the separate material streams can also be assigned at least one material removal means (in particular chute, conveyor belt and/or container), preferably at least one material removal means per material flow.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one, in particular height-adjustable, dosing means can be provided. The dosing agent can be arranged on and/or in the bunker device. In particular, the metering means can be designed as a metering roller and/or slide and/or as a pivotable flap. The dosing means designed as a pivotable flap can be provided on and/or as a side wall of the dosing bunker device, as has already been explained previously.

The metering roller can be arranged above the at least one metering opening of the metering bunker device and can be used in particular to fractionate, equalize and/or prepare the feed material. In addition, at least one metering roller can be arranged in a first metering bunker device, whereby the feed material can be fed onto the metering roller and can be transferred to a further metering bunker device via the metering roller and/or the metering rollers.

A dosing means designed as a slide can be arranged in particular within the dosing bunker device and preferably above the dosing opening and can be used to prepare, equalize and/or even out the feed material.

Furthermore, in a further embodiment, a cage-like frame can be provided, which is provided at least partially on the outside of the device and in particular for arranging, fastening and / or supporting the individual, preferably modular, components of the device. The individual parts and components of the device can therefore be arranged in particular within the cage-like frame or on it. The cage-like frame can simplify the design as a mobile unit, since in particular the individual components of the device can be arranged in the frame and can be moved with the frame. The frame is designed to correspond to the height and/or length and/or width of the device and ultimately serves as an external “frame” or holder.

In addition, a storage means of the frame can be provided for arranging the individual structural components of the device. The storage means can be arranged on the underside of the device, facing the ground. Ultimately it can Storage means can be designed as a grid, frame and/or at least partially as a plate.

At least one axle, preferably two axles, and wheels attached to the axle, preferably at least two wheels per axle, can also be provided on the frame. A movable device is made possible via the wheels attached to the axle, which can be moved in particular with a towing vehicle.

In addition, at least one drawbar can be provided, which is preferably attached to the frame. The drawbar or even just a trailer hitch is particularly advantageous if the device is designed as a trailer. If the device is designed as a trailer, the device can be connected to a towing vehicle via the drawbar or the trailer coupling and can therefore be designed to be particularly road-mobile.

Preferably, an adaptation to the place of use and/or to the respective country of the place of use is possible according to the invention with regard to approval guidelines for participation in road traffic.

The device is preferably designed in such a way that it can process a performance with regard to the separation of the feed material between 10 to 100 t/h, preferably 25 to 75 t/h. In particular, with such performance, the feed material has a maximum length of up to 400 mm.

It is particularly preferred if the frame has at least one, preferably extendable, support. In particular, at least four supports are provided. The support can be used to provide support on the ground. The support on the ground ensures, in particular, safe, stationary use of the mobile device for carrying out the method. The adjustable and extendable supports can also be used to adapt to uneven surfaces.

Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for the device to be designed in a modular manner into individual components of the device that can be separated from one another. The individual modular components of the device can be arranged in particular within the cage-like frame. A modular expansion of a device is also possible. So a "basic equipment" of the device can be the first magnetic separation device, the second magnetic separation device, the conveyor device and the further conveyor device. The aforementioned components can be expanded modularly, for example through the dosing bunker device, the eddy current separator device, at least one air classifier and/or at least one material discharge means. Due to the modular structure of the device according to the invention, the device can in particular be adapted to individual customer requirements. Preferably, if the location of use changes, the device can be expanded modularly and adapted to the respective intended use. In this context, the mobile design of the device once again proves to be particularly advantageous.

Furthermore, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the device, preferably the conveying devices or conveyor belts, is designed such that the cross section and/or the width of the conveying stream and/or the passage cross section of the material flow or the conveying stream in the conveying direction , increases and/or becomes wider. Preferably, an increase and/or a widening of at least 10% from the initial to the final passage cross-section is provided. Furthermore, the cross section should be enlarged and/or widened by at least 5% from one stage to the next, although such an enlargement and/or widening need not be provided for every stage.

Ultimately, it can be provided that the cross section and/or the width of the conveying stream, particularly viewed transversely to the conveying direction, increases and/or widens in the conveying direction of the conveying stream from the beginning to the end. This means the area from where the flow flow enters to the area where the flow flow exits the device. Of course, it can also be provided that the cross section or the cross-sectional area of the conveying flow, in particular when viewed transversely to the conveying direction, decreases if the conveying speed is increased accordingly, in particular whereby the width can still become larger.

The quasi-continuous and/or gradual expansion and/or broadening of the material flow cross-section achieves, in particular, equalization and equalization and, in addition, improved separation of the feed material. Ultimately, the individual belts transporting the flow can become wider in the conveying direction.

Furthermore, it is understood that any intermediate intervals and individual values are contained in the aforementioned intervals and range boundaries and are to be regarded as disclosed as being essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals and individual values are not specifically stated.

Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments based on the drawing and the drawing itself. All described and/or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject of the present invention, regardless of their Summary in the claims and their relationship.

Fig. 1

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Bandübergabe,

Fig. 7

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 8

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 9

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und

Fig. 10

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Bandübergabe.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic perspective view of a device according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a schematic cross-sectional representation of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a schematic top view of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a method according to the invention,

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the method according to the invention,

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of the belt transfer according to the invention,

Fig. 7

a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 8

a schematic cross-sectional representation of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 9

a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the method according to the invention and

Fig. 10

a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the belt transfer according to the invention.

The Fig. 4 and 5 show schematically the sequence of a process for separating feed material. The feed material has at least one ferromagnetic material fraction and at least one non-ferrous material fraction (a non-iron-containing metallic material fraction and/or a non-magnetic metallic material fraction). The ferromagnetic material fraction is to be understood as meaning that this material fraction has and/or consists of ferromagnetic components. The non-ferrous material fraction can also have and/or consist of non-ferrous components or non-ferrous metal particles.

Next shows Fig. 5 that a flow is fed to a first separation of a ferromagnetic material fraction. In particular, the first separation takes place by means of a first magnetic separation device 1. The flow is then fed to a second separation of a second ferromagnetic material fraction. In particular, the second deposition takes place by means of a second magnetic deposition device 2, as shown Fig. 4 and 5 is visible.

According to the method, it is provided that a redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material of the conveying stream takes place between the first deposition and the second deposition.

A rearrangement and/or redistribution of the material is to be understood in such a way that the material of the conveying stream is ultimately mixed and fed to the second separation in a predominantly changed arrangement.

For example, if there is still stratification in the conveying stream, the redeployment can be understood in such a way that at least one "lower" layer - based on the cross section of the conveying stream, in particular viewed transversely to the conveying direction - can be arranged in the "upper" layer area after the first deposition .

Ultimately, those lower components of the conveying flow, which are arranged at least essentially on the underside - facing a subsurface 17 - before the first deposition, can be arranged on the upper side in cross section, in particular viewed transversely to the conveying direction, of the conveying flow - facing away from the subsurface 17 - after the first and before the be arranged second deposition. This can apply to both redistribution and redeployment.

The area on which the device 9 carrying out the method is arranged or parked can be understood as the subsurface 17.

A redistribution of the material of the conveying stream can be understood in such a way that - if, for example, there is no layer structure - there is strong mixing and a rearrangement and / or a "turning inside out" of the material of the conveying stream between the first magnetic separation device 1 and the second magnetic separation device 2 . In particular, the second deposition can be supplied with ferromagnetic material particles and/or components that could not be deposited and/or were deposited with the first deposition, ultimately because they were not accessible or only accessible with difficulty.

Consequently, a rearrangement and/or redistribution of the material in the conveying stream leads to an increase in the degree of separation when separating the ferromagnetic material fractions.

In Fig. 5 it is shown that the feed material is fed into a dosing bunker device 3. The dosing bunker device 3 can be designed as a bunker and ultimately serve to store and bunker the feed material.

The material to be conveyed can be transferred as a conveying stream from the metering bunker device 3 to or to a metering device 4, in particular a belt feeder, preferably a bunker discharge belt. This is planned following the abandonment of the feed goods. The flow is conveyed along the metering device 4.

Fig. 4 and 5 show that the flow of the first separation - in particular the first separation device 1 - is supplied via a conveyor 5. The conveyor device 5 can be designed as an acceleration belt. Fig. 4 shows that the flow from the metering device 4 is transferred to the conveyor 5.

The flow can be equalized along the conveying direction F of the conveying device 5. For this purpose, the speed of the conveyor device 5 can be greater than the speed of the metering device 4. In particular, the speed is at least 15% greater. Material separation - at least partially provided - can be achieved along the conveyor device 5 in the conveying direction F.

Furthermore, they show Fig. 4 and 5 that the conveying flow is fed to the second deposition via a further conveying device 6. In the in Fig. 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the further conveying device 6 is designed as a vibrating trough which vibrates and/or oscillates to convey the conveying flow. In particular, the material to be conveyed is thrown from the further conveyor device 6 onto the second magnetic separation device 2, as shown Fig. 2 visible.

Fig. 8 shows that the further conveyor device 6 can also be designed as a conveyor belt.

At the in Fig. 8 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second magnetic separation device 2 is arranged within or on the further conveyor device 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second magnetic separation device 2 is designed as a magnetic deflection roller of the further conveyor device 6.

What is not shown is that the first magnetic separation device 1 can also be arranged in or on the conveyor device 5, in particular can be designed as a magnetic deflection roller in the area of the belt transfer 7.

Fig. 6 shows that the conveying direction F of the conveying device 5 runs at an angle α of greater than 90° to the conveying direction F of the further conveying device 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the angle α is between 120° and 210°, in particular approximately 120° +/- 20°. A redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material can be achieved by the conveying directions F of the conveying device 5 and the further conveying device 6, which run at an angle α to one another. Ultimately, the material flow to be conveyed can be subject to a reversal.

The further conveyor device 6 is arranged below the conveyor device 5 and protrudes over the discharge end of the conveyor device 5 in the conveying direction F of the conveyor device 5, so that the thrown-off material can be picked up by the further conveyor device 6 without loss.

Fig. 2 shows that the flow from the conveyor 5 is thrown onto the further conveyor 6. This can be done before the second deposition and is ultimately provided in the area of the belt transfer 7 between the first conveyor 5 and the second conveyor 6.

The first deposition can take place in the area of the belt transfer 7 of the conveyor 5 to the further conveyor 6. In particular, the first deposition takes place in the area of the belt end 12 of the conveyor device 5, which faces away from the metering device 4.

Fig. 4 shows, as explained above, that the conveying flow from the further conveying device 6 is thrown onto the second magnetic separation device 2, where the second separation takes place. By dropping the material onto the second magnetic separation device 2, the material can be redistributed again, which ultimately increases the degree of separation of the second separation.

Fig. 9 shows that the further conveyor device 6 is designed as a conveyor belt, with the second magnetic separation device 2 designed as a deflection roller and arranged at the end facing away from the belt transfer 7. The second deposition can therefore be made possible by the further magnetic conveying device 6 at the end.

Fig. 4 shows that a third separation of a non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction (NF fraction) takes place from the flow. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the third deposition is provided after the second deposition, wherein the third deposition can take place by means of an eddy current separation device 13.

Also shows Fig. 4 that a fourth separation of a fourth material fraction takes place using an air classifier 8. The fourth deposition is carried out according to in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment carried out after the third deposition. In particular, the fourth deposition can contain the separated third material fraction is not magnetic and electrically conductive, which in particular includes the non-ferrous material fraction. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth separation can also take place with the flow separated from the third material fraction and/or with the residual fraction.

Fig. 5 shows that the wind classifier 8 can also be arranged in the area of the belt transfer 7. The fourth deposition can take place after and/or before and/or during the first deposition.

At the in Fig. 5 In the exemplary embodiment shown, no further air classifier 8 is provided following the third separation. However, this can be provided in further exemplary embodiments, not shown.

At the in Fig. 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the third deposition is designed such that at least two non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fractions can be separated. The eddy current separation device 13 can be designed in such a way that the non-ferrous metals to be separated can be separated from one another, in particular according to their material. For example, aluminum, bronze, brass and/or copper can be deposited separately.

In the method, it can basically be provided that the delivery stream is fed again to the metering bunker device 3 as feed material after the third separation and/or the fourth separation. The flow can thus pass through the process several times, in particular at least twice. However, for the effective separation of the ferromagnetic material fractions, a simple pass through the process is sufficient.

Before the feed material is fed in, it may have been shredded and/or separated. In particular, the material stream to be processed must be treated in such a way that the material fractions to be separated can also be separated via individual, separable components. Preferably, a multiple process run can also be carried out for the separated third material fraction and/or the separated third material fractions. The non-ferrous material fractions can be added again so that the selective shedding behavior of the eddy current separation device 13 is used and/or an extraordinary selectivity for the non-ferrous metals is achieved. This can be done as part of a follow-up cleaning with a significantly reduced proportion, preferably automatically by dosing from the dosing bunker device 3. For example, this can be done during a night shift. During a day shift - in which the device 9 is used - the primary volume of process material or feed material can be processed - which represents the usual process sequence.

The separated material fractions and/or the residual fraction can be separated and/or collected via material discharge means 22a - 22h. Conveyor belts, slides and/or containers or the like can be provided as material removal means 22a - 22h. Ultimately, this serves to derive the separated material fractions.

The material removal means 22a shows a means for material removal for the first material fraction, the material removal means 22b shows a means for material removal for the second material fraction, whereas the material removal means 22f - 22h each represent a means for material removal after the third deposition.

The second material fraction can be as follows Fig. 9 can be seen, broken down or separated into at least two material fractions - based on their magnetic properties. For this purpose, for example, separating means 23, which can be designed as a separating plate and/or as a separating crown plate, can be used.

Fig. 9 shows that at least two separating agents 23 are provided for the second material fraction. The second material fraction can be fed to the material discharge means 22c and 22d via separating means 23. With the material discharge means 22c, for example, a stainless steel fraction of the second material fraction can be deposited, which has lower ferromagnetic properties than the iron-containing fraction of the second material fraction, which can be removed via the material discharge means 22d.

What is not shown is that separating agents 23 for "sub-fractionation" can also be provided for the first material fraction, which can carry out a separation based on the magnetic properties. In this context, it is understood that several material discharge means 22 can also be provided for the first material fraction.

Fig. 10 shows that one separating means 23 can be designed as an angled crown plate and another separating means 23 can be designed as a straight, non-angled plate.

What is not shown is that only one separating agent 23 can be used to sub-fractionate the second ferromagnetic material fraction.

What is not shown is that an expansion and/or widening of the passage cross section of the conveying flow in the conveying direction F is provided. Preferably, the conveying devices transporting the flow, in particular the conveying device 5, the further conveying device 6 and/or eddy current separating device 13, become wider along or in the conveying direction F. This can be done by gradually widening the conveyor belts. Preferably, the width of the conveyor belts increases overall by at least 15%.

Fig. 1 shows a device 9 for carrying out the method according to one of the previously described embodiments. The device 9 is intended for separating feed material. The feed material comprises at least one ferromagnetic material fraction and at least one non-ferrous material fraction. The device 9 has a first magnetic separation device 1 for the first separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction. Furthermore, the device 9 comprises a second magnetic separation device 2 for the second separation of a second ferromagnetic material fraction. A conveyor device 5 is provided for supplying the conveying flow to the first magnetic separation device 1. A further conveying device 6 in turn is provided for supplying the conveying flow to the second magnetic separation device 2, the conveying device 5 and the further conveying device 6 being arranged in such a way that a redistribution and / or redeployment occurs between the first magnetic separation device 1 and the second magnetic separation device 2 of the material of the flow takes place.

Fig. 6 shows that the conveying direction F of the conveying device 5 runs at an angle α of greater than 90° to the conveying direction F of the further conveying device 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the angle α is approximately 120° +/- 20°.

The redistribution and/or rearrangement of the material in the flow has been explained at the beginning, and reference may be made to these statements in this context.

The device 9 is ultimately designed in such a way that a double ferromagnetic separation can take place, with the, in particular metallic, non-ferrous material fraction also being able to be separated from the conveying stream. In particular, the metallic fractions of the feed material can be separated off.

In the Fig. 1 Device 9 shown is designed as a mobile unit. The mobile unit can be transported, in particular moved, for example along roads. The device 9 can therefore be used in different locations. A towing vehicle can be provided to move the device 9.

By redistributing and/or rearranging the material and thus by the special arrangement of the conveyor device 5 and the further conveyor device 6, a compact longitudinal design of the device 9 can be made possible, which ultimately also ensures the design as a mobile unit. The individual components can be arranged in areas one above the other or one below the other, so that the available space can at least essentially be used in the best possible way.

The second magnetic separation device 2 can be used to separate, in particular, small parts of the flow that could not have been separated by the first magnetic separation device 1. This second deposition can take place, for example, with a contacting surface to which the second ferromagnetic material fraction can adhere.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the device 9. Furthermore, in Fig. 3 shown that a dosing bunker device 3 is provided. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the dosing bunker device 3 is arranged on the top side of the device 9, facing away from a subsurface 17.

The dosing bunker device 3 serves to feed the feed material and ultimately also to store and metered addition of the feed material as a flow to the units carrying out the process.

The dosing bunker device 3 has a feed opening 10 for feeding the feed material. A dosing opening 11 of the dosing bunker device 3 is on the underside, facing the ground 17, provided on the dosing bunker device 3, as shown Fig. 5 is visible.

What is not shown is that the metering opening 11 can also be adjusted, in particular closed and/or opened. The dosing bunker device 3 can ultimately be designed as an at least essentially truncated pyramid-shaped and/or cuboid-shaped receptacle. Ultimately, the dosing bunker device 3 can have at least substantially oblique side walls that taper towards the dosing opening 11.

The feed material can be placed on the dosing bunker device 3 in the longitudinal direction - that is, in the longitudinal extent of the device 9. This allows the material to be given a longitudinal orientation in the material flow direction. A conveyor belt can also be arranged on the dosing bunker device 3, which feeds the feed material to the dosing bunker device 3.

Furthermore, at least one, in particular height-adjustable, dosing means 14 can be provided. The dosing agent 14 can be arranged on and/or in the dosing bunker device 3 - as shown schematically in Fig. 4 is shown. In particular, the metering means 14 can be designed as one or more metering rollers and/or as a slide. The metering rollers can be arranged within the metering bunker device 3 on the top side - facing away from the subsurface 17 - of the metering opening 11. The feed material can first be guided over the metering rollers before being fed to the conveyor device 5, so that in particular the feed material is separated and/or loosened.

The slide can be used to even out the feed material in the metering bunker device 3. The metering bunker device 3 can ultimately also be designed in two parts, in particular if metering rollers are provided in the metering bunker device 3, wherein the metering rollers can be arranged in an upper part of the metering bunker device 3.

In Fig. 1 is shown that a dosing means 14 designed as a pivotable flap is provided, the feed material being able to be transferred to the dosing bunker device 3 in the longitudinal direction of the device 9 via the swiveling flap. The flap therefore represents the rear short side of the feed bunker and/or the dosing bunker device 3.

Fig. 2 shows that at least partially below the dosing bunker device 3, in particular below the dosing opening 11 and / or facing away from the feed opening 10, a dosing device 4 is provided for promoting the delivery flow. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the metering device 4 is designed as a belt feeder, in particular as a bunker discharge belt. By feeding it onto the dosing device 4, the feed material is fed to the first magnetic separation device 1 as a flow stream.

The conveyor 5 is in the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment arranged such that the flow from the metering device 4 to the conveyor 5 can be transferred. When transferred from the metering device 4 to the conveyor device 5, the flow can be dropped onto the conveyor device 5. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the conveyor device 5 is designed as a transport and acceleration belt.

The speed of the conveyor device 5 can be greater, in particular at least 15% greater and/or between 100% and 500%, than the speed of the metering device 4. Along the conveying device 5, the conveying flow is equalized in the conveying direction F, with the material of the conveying flow being at least essentially isolated.

In Fig. 1 it is shown that the first magnetic separation device 1 is designed as an overband magnetic separator. The first magnetic separation device 1 is arranged above the conveyor device 5. Fig. 2 shows that the first magnetic separation device 1 is arranged in the area of the belt transfer 7 between the conveyor device 5 and the further conveyor device 6 and in the area of the belt end 12 of the conveyor device 5 facing away from the metering device 4. The arrangement of the first magnetic separation device 1 is provided such that the first ferromagnetic material fraction can be separated from the conveying stream along the conveying direction F of the conveying device 5.

After the first ferromagnetic material fraction has been separated via the first magnetic separation device 1, the first ferromagnetic material fraction can be fed to a material discharge means 22a, in the exemplary embodiment shown Fig. 1 a slide.

What is not shown is that a container and/or a conveyor belt can also be provided as material discharge means 22a of the first magnetic separation device 1.

The first magnetic separation device 1 is designed in such a way that the first ferromagnetic material fraction adhering to it can be separated via the material discharge means 22, whereby the magnetic connection between the first ferromagnetic material fraction and the magnetic separation device 1 designed as an overband magnetic separator can be released - for example by a separator .

Out of Fig. 2 It can be seen that the first conveyor device 5 runs obliquely upwards to the surface 17 on which the device 9 is arranged.

The metering device 4 can run at least essentially parallel to the substrate 17, whereby the metering device 4 can form an angle of at most 15° +/- 5° to the substrate 17.

The conveying device 5 can enclose an angle of 45° +/- 20° to the metering device 4 and/or the subsurface 17 and ultimately promote the flow upwards - that is, facing away from the subsoil 17 - which means the compact design and the road-mobile design of the Device 9 can be made possible.

The first magnetic separation device 1 designed as an overband magnetic separator and/or the further conveyor device 6 can be arranged at least substantially parallel to the metering device 4 and/or the substrate 17, in particular with an angular deviation of +/- 10°.

Fig. 2 shows that the further conveyor device 6 is arranged such that the conveying flow from the conveyor device 5 can be transferred to the further conveyor device 6. In the in Fig. 4 In the process sequence shown, it is provided that the conveying flow is dropped from the conveying device 5 onto the further conveying device 6.

Furthermore shows Fig. 2 that the further conveyor device 6 is arranged at least partially below the conveyor device 5, facing away from the first magnetic separation device 1.

The further conveyor device 6 can be designed as a vibrating trough which transports the material to be conveyed as a conveying stream to the second magnetic separation device 2 by means of vibrations and/or oscillations.

Fig. 8 shows that the further conveyor device 6 can be designed as a transport or conveyor belt.

From the Fig. 8 and 9 It can also be seen that the second magnetic separation device 2 can be arranged on and/or in the further conveyor device 6, which is designed as a transport or conveyor belt. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second magnetic separation device 2 is designed as a magnetic deflection roller. As a result, the conveying flow from the further conveying device 6 is not thrown onto the second magnetic separating device 2, but the second separation takes place along the conveying direction F of the further conveying device 6. The second magnetic separating device 2 designed as a deflection roller can be used to further sub-fractionate the second ferromagnetic material fraction , in particular where stainless steel particles can be deposited via the material discharge means 22d.

What is not shown is that the first magnetic separation device 1 can also be designed as a magnetic deflection roller, which can be arranged on and/or in the conveyor device 5.

Also shows Fig. 2 that the second magnetic separation device 2 is arranged at least partially below the further conveyor device 6, facing away from the first magnetic separation device 1. The conveying flow can be dropped from the further conveying device 6 onto the second magnetic separation device 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second magnetic separation device 2 is designed as a rotatable magnetic drum. The rotatable magnetic drum can ultimately have a contact surface so that it can be designed as a magnetic separation roller. Small parts in particular that are not compatible with the magnet drum stick to the contact surface of the magnetic drum First magnetic separation device 1 designed as an overband magnetic separator could be separated.

Accordingly, the second ferromagnetic material fraction 2, which can be transferred to a material discharge means 22, adheres to the contact surface of the second magnetic separation device 2. The transfer to the material discharge means 22 designed as a slide is in Fig. 2 shown.

What is not shown is that the material discharge means 22 can also be designed as a conveyor belt and/or container.

The second magnetic separation device 2 is designed such that the second ferromagnetic material fraction can be transferred to the material discharge means 22. The flow freed from the second ferromagnetic material fraction can be in the conveying direction F, as shown Fig. 4 obviously be transported further.

Before the third separation, the iron parts and/or the stainless steel components of the conveying stream can therefore be separated, in particular divided.

Fig. 1 shows that an eddy current separation device 13 is provided for the separation of at least one non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction. The third material fraction can consist of and/or have the non-ferrous material fraction. Non-magnetic metals can be removed from the flow as a non-ferrous material fraction. The non-ferrous metals (non-ferrous metals) are primarily light metals and/or copper, brass and/or bronze particles and/or stainless steel and/or aluminum.

At the in Fig. 5 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the eddy current separation device 13 is designed such that two different non-ferrous material fractions or two different third material fractions can be separated. These material fractions can differ in terms of their material. For example, particles and/or components of the conveying stream containing copper, aluminum, brass and/or bronze and/or stainless steel can be separated separately. The third material fraction can also be removed via at least one material discharge means 22 (shown: 22f and 22g), which can be designed as a slide, conveyor belt and / or container.

The eddy current separation device 13 can be designed in such a way that the non-ferrous metal fraction (third material fraction) is separated by induced magnetic fields. The eddy current separator 13 can also be referred to as a non-ferrous separator. The eddy current separation device 13 can have a magnet system, in particular a rotor, which consists of and/or has permanent magnetic material, in particular neodymium. Longitudinal grooves with alternating magnetic poles can be arranged on the circumference of the rotor. The rotor can rotate as a magnet wheel over which the conveyor belt runs with the bulk material or the flow. The flow is exposed to an alternating magnetic field in the eddy current separator 13, whereby eddy currents arise within the particles perpendicular to the alternating magnetic flux. These eddy currents in turn build up magnetic fields that are opposite to the induced fields. This leads to a repulsive force effect. The conductive particles are thrown off and collected in the conveying direction F of the conveyor belt by the magnetic force. The non-conductive residual fraction (the remaining flow) falls down at the end of the conveyor belt in a discharge parabola that is unaffected by the magnetic field and/or is discharged via a material discharge means 22h.

Fig. 2 shows that the eddy current separation device 13 can be arranged at least substantially below the further conveyor device 6 and in particular below the second magnetic separation device 2 - facing the substrate 17. This further supports the compact design of the device 9. Furthermore, the eddy current separation device 13 can also be arranged below the conveyor device 5 and at least partially below the metering device 4.

The Fig. 4 and 5 show that an air classifier 8 is provided for separating a fourth material fraction. The wind classifier 8 can be arranged in such a way that the conveying flow and/or the third material fraction can be transferred from the eddy current separator 13 to the wind classifier 8, as shown Fig. 4 is visible. A material discharge means 22 (in Fig. 5 22e), which serves to collect the fourth material fraction separated by the air classifier 8.

The air classifier 8 can be designed in such a way that in particular light, preferably non-metallic particles can be separated - such as plastic films or the like. The wind classifier 8 can lead to the separation of a fourth material fraction by means of a wind flow that is directed onto the conveying stream, which can be blown out of the conveying stream based on its inertia and/or gravity properties.

At the in Fig. 5 In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is provided that the wind classifier 8 is arranged between the conveyor device 5 and the further conveyor device 6 - namely in the area of the belt transfer 7. In the area of the belt transfer 7, both the first deposition of the first ferromagnetic material fraction and the fourth deposition of the fourth material fraction can take place.

What is not shown is that at least two air classifiers 8 can be provided, with one air classifier 8 being able to be connected downstream of the eddy current separation device 13, in particular for separating the fourth material fraction from the third material fraction. Another wind classifier 8 can also be arranged in the area of the belt transfer 7.

In Fig. 1 is shown that a cage-like frame 15 is provided. The cage-like frame 15 can be provided in some areas on the outside of the device 9 and can be used in particular to arrange, fasten and/or support the individual, preferably modular, components of the device 9. The cage-like frame 15 can be constructed at least in some areas by struts - that is, by longitudinal and / or transverse struts.

Fig. 7 shows that the first magnetic separation device 1 is displaceably mounted along rails arranged on the frame 15. In Fig. 7 is the first magnetic separation device 1 in comparison to Fig. 1 The arrangement shown is shifted obliquely downwards, in particular parallel to the longitudinal extent of the conveyor device 5, so that it faces the belt end of the conveyor device facing the metering device 4 and / or is arranged in areas above this belt end. In particular, the in Fig. 7 shown position of the first magnetic separation device 1 for moving the device 9 is provided. In particular, the first magnetic separation device is lowered hydraulically using a chain.

A storage means 16 of the frame 15 can, as shown Fig. 1 can be seen, be provided for storage of the device 9. In particular, the storage means 16 is on the Underside of the device 9, facing the substrate 17, arranged. The bearing means 16 can be designed as a grid and/or at least partially as a bearing plate and ultimately represents the bottom of the frame 15.

Furthermore, at least one axle 18, preferably two axles 18, can be provided on the bearing means 16 or on the frame 15. At least two wheels 19 can be arranged on an axle 18.

Fig. 1 shows that a drawbar 20 can also be provided on the storage means 16. To provide support on the substrate 17, supports 21 and/or a support 21 can be provided, which in particular can be extended.

In the Fig. 1 Device 9 shown is designed as a trailer. In addition, the device 9 as a whole has a modular structure with its individual components. The individual devices of the device 9 can be added and/or removed depending on the intended use. However, the device 9 has at least the first magnetic separation device 1, the second magnetic separation device 2 as well as the conveyor device 5 and the further conveyor device 6.

Furthermore, the device 9 can be designed such that in a further exemplary embodiment (not shown) the cross section and/or the width of the conveying flow increases and/or widens in the conveying direction F. Preferably, the cross section and/or the width can increase by at least 10% from start to finish. For this purpose, the conveying devices 5, 6 and/or the conveyor belts of the device 9 can be designed accordingly, so that ultimately the passage cross section of the material flow along the process path can be made wider.

List of reference symbols:

1

first magnetic separation device

2

second magnetic separation device

3

Dosing bunker device

4

Dosing device

5

funding facility

6

another funding facility

7

Ribbon handover

8th

Wind sifter

9

contraption

10

Task opening

11

Dosing opening

12

End of tape

13

Eddy current separator

14

Dosing agent

15

frame

16

storage means

17

underground

18

axis

19

Wheels

20

drawbar

21

support

10 p.m

Material dissipation means

23

release agent

F

Direction of conveyance

α

angle

Claims (15)

1. Method for separating feed material, wherein the feed material comprises at least one ferromagnetic material fraction and one non-ferromagnetic material fraction, wherein a conveying stream is fed to a first separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction by means of a first magnetic separating device (1), wherein the conveying stream is fed to the first separation via a conveying device (5), wherein the conveying stream is subsequently fed to a second separation of a second ferromagnetic material fraction from the conveying stream by means of a second magnetic separating device (2), wherein the conveying stream is fed to the second separation via a further conveying device (6), wherein a redistribution and/or reallocation of the material of the conveying stream takes place between the first separation and the second separation, wherein the conveying stream is guided as a single conveying stream in the region between the first and the second separation, wherein the redistribution and/or the reallocation does not take place with the aid of a sieving,

   wherein the conveying stream is discharged from the further conveying device (6) onto the second magnetic separating device (2), wherein the second separation takes place when the conveying stream is conveyed along the further conveying device (6), wherein the second magnetic separating device (2) is designed as a rotatable magnetic drum

   and wherein a third separation of a non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction from the conveying stream takes place by means of an eddy current separating device (13), wherein the third separation takes place after the second separation.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed material is fed into a metering hopper device (3), in particular wherein the feed material is transferred as a conveying stream from the metering hopper device (3) to a metering device (4), in particular a belt feeder, preferably a hopper discharge belt, wherein the conveying stream is conveyed along the metering device (4).
3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the conveying stream is transferred from the metering device (4) to the conveying device (5) and/or in that the conveying stream is equalized in the conveying direction (F) after transfer from the metering device (4) to the conveying device (5) and/or in that the speed of the conveying device (5) is greater, preferably at least 15% greater, than the speed of the metering device (4).
4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further conveying device (6) vibrates and/or oscillates.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying direction (F) of the conveying device (5) runs at an angle α of greater than 90°, preferably between 120° and 210°, to the conveying direction (F) of the further conveying device (6).
6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying stream is discharged from the conveying device (5) onto the further conveying device (6) and/or in that the first separation takes place in the region of the belt transfer (7) of the conveying device (5) to the further conveying device (6).
7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fourth separation of a fourth material fraction takes place by means of an air separator (8), in particular wherein the fourth separation takes place after the first separation and before the second separation, preferably when the conveying stream is discharged onto the further conveying device (6), and/or after the third separation.
8. Apparatus (9) for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims and provided for separating feed material, having a first magnetic separating device (1) for the first separation of a first ferromagnetic material fraction, a second magnetic separating device (2) for the second separation of a second ferromagnetic material fraction, a conveying device (5) for supplying the conveying stream to the first magnetic separating device (1), a further conveying device (6) for supplying the conveying stream to the second magnetic separating device (2), wherein the conveying device (5) and the further conveying device (6) are arranged in such a way that a redistribution and/or reallocation of the material of the conveying stream takes place between the first magnetic separating device (1) and the second magnetic separating device (2) and, preferably, that the conveying direction (F) of the conveying device (5) extends at an angle α of greater than 90°, preferably between 120° and 210°, to the conveying direction (F) of the further conveying device (6), wherein the conveying stream in the area between the first separation and the second separation is guided as a single conveying flow,

   wherein the redistribution and/or reallocation does not take place with the aid of a sieving,

   wherein the second magnetic separating device (2) is arranged at least in regions below the further conveying device (6), facing away from the first magnetic separating device (1), wherein the conveying stream can be discharged from the further conveying device (6) onto the second magnetic separating device (2), wherein the second magnetic separating device (2) is designed as a rotatable magnetic drum and

   wherein an eddy current separator (13) is provided for separating at least one non-magnetic and electrically conductive third material fraction.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the device (9) is designed as a mobile, movable unit.
10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a metering hopper device (3) is provided, in particular wherein the metering hopper device (3) has a feed opening (10) for feeding the feed material and/or wherein the metering hopper device (3) has at least one, in particular adjustable, metering opening (11).
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that a metering device (4) for conveying the conveying stream is provided at least in certain regions below the metering hopper device (3), in particular below the metering opening (11) and/or facing away from the feed opening (10), in particular wherein the metering device (4) is designed as a belt feeder, preferably a hopper discharge belt, in particular wherein the conveying device (5) is arranged in such a way that the conveying stream can be transferred from the metering device (4) to the conveying device (5), in particular wherein the conveying device (5) is arranged in such a way that the conveying stream can be transferred from the metering device (4) to the conveying device (5), in particular wherein the conveying device (5) is designed as a conveyor belt, preferably an acceleration belt.
12. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first magnetic separator device (1) is designed as an overband magnetic separator, in particular wherein the first magnetic separating device (1) is arranged above the conveyor device (5), preferably in the region of the belt transfer (7) between the conveyor device (5) and the further conveyor device (6) and/or in the region of the belt end (12) of the conveyor device (5) facing away from the metering device (4).
13. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further conveying device (6) is arranged in such a way that the conveying stream can be transferred, in particular discharged, from the conveying device (5) to the further conveying device (6), in particular wherein the further conveying device (6) is arranged at least in regions below the conveying device (5), facing away from the first magnetic separating device (1), and/or wherein the further conveying device (6) is designed as a vibrating trough and/or as a conveyor belt.
14. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the eddy current separating device (13) is arranged in such a way that the conveying stream can be transferred, in particular discharged, from the second magnetic separating device (2) to the eddy current separating device (13) and/or in that the eddy current separating device (13) is arranged at least in some regions below the second magnetic separating device (2), facing away from the first magnetic separating device (1).
15. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cage-like frame (15) is provided, which is provided at least regionally on the outside of the apparatus (9) and is used in particular for arranging, fastening and/or supporting the individual, preferably modular, components of the apparatus (9), in particular a bearing means (16) of the frame (15) being provided for mounting the device (9).

Images