EP3911845A1 - Harmonic drive - Google Patents

Harmonic drive

Info

Publication number
EP3911845A1
EP3911845A1 EP19836787.2A EP19836787A EP3911845A1 EP 3911845 A1 EP3911845 A1 EP 3911845A1 EP 19836787 A EP19836787 A EP 19836787A EP 3911845 A1 EP3911845 A1 EP 3911845A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wave gear
locking
positive
ring
securing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19836787.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3911845C0 (en
EP3911845B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Heise
Marco HILDEBRAND
Bastian Hain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of EP3911845A1 publication Critical patent/EP3911845A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3911845C0 publication Critical patent/EP3911845C0/en
Publication of EP3911845B1 publication Critical patent/EP3911845B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
    • F01L2001/3521—Harmonic drive of flexspline type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F01L2303/02—Initial camshaft settings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaft gear suitable for use as an actuator of an electromechanical camshaft adjuster. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for securing a wave gear against displacement, in particular during transport or during assembly.
  • a camshaft adjuster is known from DE 10 2016 216 594 B3, which can be secured against unintentional adjustment with the aid of an anti-rotation device.
  • the anti-rotation device of the known camshaft adjuster comprises a spring that prestresses the actuating gear.
  • the control gear of the camshaft adjuster is designed as a wave gear with a flexible ring as an elastic gear element.
  • a phase adjuster for internal combustion engines that is to say a camshaft adjuster, with a locking element is known from DE 10 2009 019 397 B4.
  • the locking element remains in a parking position.
  • a displacement of the locking element from its locking position into the parking position is possible by means of compressed oil or air.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a well-developed against the aforementioned prior art, secure against unintentional adjustment Wellge gear, given a particularly easy handling of the anti-rotation device to be given and interventions in the structure of components of the wave gear should be avoided as far as possible.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a wave gear with the features of claim 1.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for securing a wave gear against adjustment according to claim 10.
  • embodiments and advantages of the invention explained in connection with the security method apply analogously also for the device, ie the wave gear including anti-rotation device, and vice versa.
  • the wave gear comprises, in a known basic concept, three connecting elements, namely a drive element in the form of a housing which is rotatable as a whole, an output element to be connected to the shaft to be adjusted, in particular camshaft, and an adjusting element, and one between two of the three Connection elements effective anti-rotation device.
  • the anti-rotation device comprises a locking element that is concentric with all of the connection elements, positive-locking with one of the three connection elements and non-positively interacting with a further connection element. It has been shown that both an effective anti-rotation can be achieved and conventional wave gearboxes can be secured against adjustment, in particular during transport or during assembly, without any geometric modification of any components.
  • the securing element is a securing ring, in particular made of plastic, which can be placed in such a way that it interacts positively with the drive element and in a form-fitting manner with the adjusting element.
  • a positive locking anti-rotation contour is preferably formed on the part of the adjusting element by two bolts which are fixedly connected to an inner ring of a wave generator of the wave gear.
  • the two bolts can be part of an Oldham coupling which, as a compensating coupling, compensates for an axial offset between the shaft gear and an electric motor driving the adjusting element, that is to say the inner ring of the shaft generator together with the bolt.
  • the circlip can be efficiently manufactured using injection molding technology.
  • the retaining ring is profiled in a U-shape.
  • a positive locking anti-rotation contour which interacts directly with the bolts of the adjusting element, is formed by a corrugated inner section of the U-profile of the locking ring by the securing rings.
  • the securing ring in this embodiment has a smooth, outer section of the U-profile, which is provided for the positive locking against rotation relative to the drive element, that is to say the housing of the wave gear.
  • a radially outward-directed flange is preferably formed on the U-profile described by the locking ring, which flange rests on an end face of the drive element when the locking ring is inserted.
  • a flange suitable for manual removal of the locking ring from the connection elements can be molded onto this flange.
  • the locking ring has the advantage that it can be placed in any position of the adjusting element relative to the drive element between the elements mentioned.
  • the locking ring itself can be in any angle.
  • a camshaft adjuster which comprises the wave gear as an actuating gear
  • the electromotive provided for actuating the wave gear is to be attached to the wave gear
  • a defined angular relation between the drive element and the output element of the wave gear can be set and fixed with the aid of the locking ring .
  • the angular position of the adjusting element is irrelevant at this moment.
  • the equalizing coupling and the electric motor are to be attached to the adjusting element. This is only possible after the locking ring has been removed from the wave gear, which is easily possible without tools. An assembly of the electric motor with locked shaft gear is therefore excluded in principle.
  • the method with which the wave gear is secured against adjusting is characterized in that a locking ring between the adjusting element and the housing of the wave gear is used in such a way that at the same time a non-positive connection between the locking ring and the housing and a positive connection Connection between the locking ring and the Verstellele element is established.
  • the wave gear is not only suitable for use in an electromechanical camshaft adjuster, but also for industrial applications, for example in an industrial robot or in a machine tool.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of the arrangement according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a locking ring of the wave gear.
  • a generally designated with the reference numeral 1 wave gear is part of an electric camshaft adjuster, not shown, which is used to adjust a camshaft of an internal combustion engine, namely a piston engine, in relation to its crankshaft.
  • the wave gear 1 used as an actuating gear is a three-shaft gear.
  • Three about a common axis, namely the axis of rotation of the camshaft, rotatable, each directly interacting with external components, ie components not attributable to the shaft drives 1, are generally referred to as connection elements 2, 9, 13.
  • the drive element 2 is constructed in several parts in the exemplary embodiment and comprises a chain wheel 3 which is driven by the crankshaft during operation of the camshaft adjuster, wherein it rotates at half the crankshaft speed.
  • the Abtriebsele element 13 is hen vorgese for rotationally fixed connection with the camshaft to be adjusted.
  • the adjusting element 9 is designed as an inner ring of a roller bearing 8, which is part of a wave generator 7.
  • the wave generator 7 is via a compensation clutch, namely Oldham coupling, driven by an electric motor, not shown, for example a brushless synchronous motor.
  • the compensating clutch has an Oldham disk, not shown, in which two bolts 14 engage when the camshaft adjuster is fully assembled.
  • the bolts 14 are fastened in the roller bearing inner ring and are assigned to the adjusting element 9.
  • the outer contour of the adjusting element 9 designed as a roller bearing ring deviates from a circular shape.
  • the adjusting element 9 forms a non-circular, elliptical raceway for rolling elements 10, namely balls.
  • an associated outer ring 11, in which the balls 10 roll is designed to be flexible, so that it permanently adapts to the non-circular shape of the adjusting element 9.
  • the outer ring 11 is in turn surrounded by a flexible gear element 12 which is externally toothed and also called the flex ring.
  • the external toothing of the flex ring 12 engages at two diametrically opposite points in the internal toothing of the chain wheel 3 and of the driven element 13.
  • the sprocket 3 is firmly connected by screws 6 to a housing element 4, which is also attributable to the drive element 2.
  • the drive element 2 is a housing cover 5, which is located on the face of the shaft gear 1 facing the camshaft to be adjusted. Through the housing cover 5, the driven element 13 is secured in the axial direction within the shaft drive 1.
  • the housing element 4 serves to secure the outer ring 11 and thus the entire wave generator 7 in the opposite axial direction within the wave gear 1.
  • the drive element 2, and the output element 13 is ensured in a manner known per se that a full rotation of the adjusting element 9 relative to the drive element 2 in a comparatively small pivoting between the drive element 2 and the Output element 13 is implemented.
  • a hitch be stage either between the flex ring 12 and the drive element 2 or between the flex ring's 12 and the output element 13 may be formed.
  • the translation stage of the wave gear is accordingly either the flex ring 12 and from the drive element 13 or between the flex ring 12 and the drive element 2 is formed.
  • the wave gear 1 is a plus gear
  • an anti-rotation device 15 is provided, which is formed on the one hand by two elements 2, 9, namely the drive element 2 and the adjusting element 9, which are attributable to the connecting elements of the corrugated gear 1, and on the other hand by a securing element 18 in the form of a securing ring is.
  • the locking ring 18 interacts on the outside with the drive element 2 and on the inside with the adjusting element 9.
  • the retaining ring 18, which is an injection molded plastic part writes a U-shaped profile 19.
  • an inner, corrugated section 20 is formed, which is to be attributed to a form-fitting anti-rotation device, which can be produced between the adjusting element 9 and the locking ring 18.
  • the positive locking against rotation is constructed from an inner anti-rotation contour 16 on the side of the adjusting element 9 and an outer anti-rotation contour 17 on the side of the locking ring 18.
  • the inner anti-rotation contour 16 by parts that are already present in the wave gear 1, namely by the bolts 14 , provided.
  • the associated outer anti-rotation contour 17 is in the form of the ring-shaped closed, corrugated section 20 of the locking ring 18.
  • the corrugated section 20 is concentrically surrounded by an outer, smooth From section 21, which is also formed by the U-profile 19 of the locking ring 18.
  • the outer, ring-shaped section 21 contacts a cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the housing element 4.
  • the smooth section 21 is part of a non-positive rotation lock between the securing ring 18 and the drive element 2.
  • a radially outwardly directed flange 22 of the securing ring 18 adjoins the outer, cylindrical section 21. In the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 2, this flange 22 abuts the housing element 4 on the end face. Furthermore, a tab 23 extending from the flange 22 can be seen, which serves for the simple manual removal of the locking ring 18 from the wave gear 1.
  • the electric motor of the camshaft adjuster can only be attached to the shaft gear 1 with the circlip 18 removed. Reference list of shaft gears

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

A harmonic drive (1) comprises three connection elements (2, 9, 12), namely an input element (2), an output element (13) and an adjusting element (9), and an antitwist mechanism (15) operates between the connection elements (2, 9, 12), the antitwist mechanism comprising an antitwist element (18), which is concentric to the connection elements (2, 9, 13) and interlockingly cooperates with one of the connection elements (9) and frictionally cooperates with one other connection element (2).

Description

Wellqetriebe Corrugated gear
Die Erfindung betrifft ein für die Verwendung als Stellgetriebe eines elektromechani schen Nockenwellenverstellers geeignetes Wellgetriebe. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Wellgetriebes gegen Verstellen, insbesondere beim Transport oder während der Montage. The invention relates to a shaft gear suitable for use as an actuator of an electromechanical camshaft adjuster. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for securing a wave gear against displacement, in particular during transport or during assembly.
Aus der DE 10 2016 216 594 B3 ist ein Nockenwellenversteller bekannt, welcher mit Hilfe einer Verdrehsicherung gegen unbeabsichtigtes Verstellen gesichert werden kann. Die Verdrehsicherung des bekannten Nockenwellenverstellers umfasst eine das Stellgetriebe vorspannende Feder. Das Stellgetriebe des Nockenwellenverstellers ist als Wellgetriebe mit einem Flexring als elastischem Getriebeelement ausgebildet. A camshaft adjuster is known from DE 10 2016 216 594 B3, which can be secured against unintentional adjustment with the aid of an anti-rotation device. The anti-rotation device of the known camshaft adjuster comprises a spring that prestresses the actuating gear. The control gear of the camshaft adjuster is designed as a wave gear with a flexible ring as an elastic gear element.
Weitere Vorrichtungen, mit denen ein elektromechanischer Nockenwellenversteller gegen Verstellen gesichert werden kann, sind aus den Dokumenten DE 10 2008 022 931 A1 und DE 10 2008 022 932 A1 bekannt. In diesen Fällen ist als Stellgetriebe des Nockenwellenverstellers ein Taumelscheibengetriebe vorgesehen. Other devices with which an electromechanical camshaft adjuster can be secured against adjustment are known from documents DE 10 2008 022 931 A1 and DE 10 2008 022 932 A1. In these cases, a swash plate gear is provided as the actuator of the camshaft adjuster.
Aus der DE 10 2009 019 397 B4 ist ein Phasenversteller für Verbrennungsmotoren, das heißt ein Nockenwellenversteller, mit einem Verriegelungselement bekannt. Beim Betrieb dieses Nockenwellenverstellers verbleibt das Verriegelungselement in einer Parkposition. Eine Verschiebung des Verriegelungselementes aus seiner Verriege lungsposition in die Parkposition ist durch Drucköl oder -luft möglich. A phase adjuster for internal combustion engines, that is to say a camshaft adjuster, with a locking element is known from DE 10 2009 019 397 B4. When this camshaft adjuster is in operation, the locking element remains in a parking position. A displacement of the locking element from its locking position into the parking position is possible by means of compressed oil or air.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gegenüber dem genannten Stand der Technik weiterentwickeltes, gegen unbeabsichtigtes Verstellen sicherbares Wellge triebe anzugeben, wobei eine besonders leichte Handhabbarkeit der Verdrehsiche rungsvorrichtung gegeben sein und von Eingriffen in die Struktur von Komponenten des Wellgetriebes weitestmöglich abgesehen werden soll. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Wellgetriebe mit den Merkma len des Anspruchs 1. Ebenso wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Siche rung eines Wellgetriebes gegen Verstellen gemäß Anspruch 10. Im Folgenden im Zu sammenhang mit dem Sicherungsverfahren erläuterte Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung gelten sinngemäß auch für die Vorrichtung, das heißt das Wellgetriebe einschließlich Verdrehsicherungsvorrichtung, und umgekehrt. The invention has for its object to provide a well-developed against the aforementioned prior art, secure against unintentional adjustment Wellge gear, given a particularly easy handling of the anti-rotation device to be given and interventions in the structure of components of the wave gear should be avoided as far as possible. This object is achieved according to the invention by a wave gear with the features of claim 1. The object is also achieved by a method for securing a wave gear against adjustment according to claim 10. In the following, embodiments and advantages of the invention explained in connection with the security method apply analogously also for the device, ie the wave gear including anti-rotation device, and vice versa.
Das Wellgetriebe umfasst in an sich bekannter Grundkonzeption drei Anschlussele mente, nämlich ein Antriebselement in Form eines Gehäuses, welches als Ganzes drehbar ist, ein mit der zu verstellenden Welle, insbesondere Nockenwelle, zu verbin dendes Abtriebselement und ein Verstellelement, sowie eine zwischen zwei der drei Anschlusselementen wirksame Verdrehsicherungsvorrichtung. The wave gear comprises, in a known basic concept, three connecting elements, namely a drive element in the form of a housing which is rotatable as a whole, an output element to be connected to the shaft to be adjusted, in particular camshaft, and an adjusting element, and one between two of the three Connection elements effective anti-rotation device.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Verdrehsicherungsvorrichtung ein zu sämtlichen An schlusselementen konzentrisches, mit einem der drei Anschlusselemente formschlüs sig und mit einem weiteren Anschlusselement kraftschlüssig zusammenwirkendes Si cherungselement. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass damit sowohl eine wirksame Verdrehsi cherung erzielbar ist, als auch herkömmliche Wellgetriebe ohne geometrische Modifi kation irgendwelcher Komponenten gegen Verstellen, insbesondere während des Transports oder bei der Montage, gesichert werden können. According to the invention, the anti-rotation device comprises a locking element that is concentric with all of the connection elements, positive-locking with one of the three connection elements and non-positively interacting with a further connection element. It has been shown that both an effective anti-rotation can be achieved and conventional wave gearboxes can be secured against adjustment, in particular during transport or during assembly, without any geometric modification of any components.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung handelt es sich bei dem Sicherungselement um einen Sicherungsring, insbesondere aus Kunststoff, welcher derart platziert werden kann, dass er kraftschlüssig mit dem Antriebselement und formschlüssig mit dem Verstell element zusammenwirkt. In a preferred embodiment, the securing element is a securing ring, in particular made of plastic, which can be placed in such a way that it interacts positively with the drive element and in a form-fitting manner with the adjusting element.
Hierbei ist vorzugsweise eine formschlüssig wirkende Verdrehsicherungskontur auf Seiten des Verstellelementes durch zwei Bolzen gebildet, welche fest mit einem In nenring eines Wellgenerators des Wellgetriebes verbunden sind. Die beiden Bolzen können Teil einer Oldham-Kupplung sein, welche als Ausgleichskupplung einen Achs- versatz zwischen dem Wellgetriebe und einem das Verstellelement, das heißt den In nenring des Wellgenerators samt Bolzen, antreibenden Elektromotor ausgleicht. Der Sicherungsring ist rationell spritzgusstechnisch herstellbar. In vorteilhafter Ausge staltung ist der Sicherungsring U-förmig profiliert. Hierbei ist durch den Sicherungs rings eine formschlüssig wirkende Verdrehsicherungskontur, welche direkt mit den Bolzen des Verstellelementes zusammenwirkt, durch einen gewellten, inneren Ab schnitt des U-Profils des Sicherungsrings gebildet. Zugleich weist der Sicherungsring in dieser Ausgestaltung einen glatten, äußeren Abschnitt des U-Profils auf, welcher zur kraftschlüssigen Verdrehsicherung gegenüber dem Antriebselement, das heißt dem Gehäuse des Wellgetriebes, vorgesehen ist. Here, a positive locking anti-rotation contour is preferably formed on the part of the adjusting element by two bolts which are fixedly connected to an inner ring of a wave generator of the wave gear. The two bolts can be part of an Oldham coupling which, as a compensating coupling, compensates for an axial offset between the shaft gear and an electric motor driving the adjusting element, that is to say the inner ring of the shaft generator together with the bolt. The circlip can be efficiently manufactured using injection molding technology. In an advantageous configuration, the retaining ring is profiled in a U-shape. Here, a positive locking anti-rotation contour, which interacts directly with the bolts of the adjusting element, is formed by a corrugated inner section of the U-profile of the locking ring by the securing rings. At the same time, the securing ring in this embodiment has a smooth, outer section of the U-profile, which is provided for the positive locking against rotation relative to the drive element, that is to say the housing of the wave gear.
An das durch den Sicherungsring beschriebene U-Profil ist vorzugsweise ein radial nach außen gerichteter Flansch angeformt, welcher bei eingesetztem Sicherungsring an einer stirnseitigen Fläche des Antriebselementes anliegt. Zur leichteren Handhab barkeit kann an diesen Flansch eine zum manuellen Entfernen des Sicherungsrings von den Anschlusselementen geeignete Lasche angeformt sein. A radially outward-directed flange is preferably formed on the U-profile described by the locking ring, which flange rests on an end face of the drive element when the locking ring is inserted. For easier handling, a flange suitable for manual removal of the locking ring from the connection elements can be molded onto this flange.
Der Sicherungsring hat den Vorteil, dass er in jeder beliebigen Stellung des Verstell elementes gegenüber dem Antriebselement zwischen den genannten Elementen plat zierbar ist. Dabei kann sich auch der Sicherungsring selbst in jeder beliebigen Winkel lage befinden. The locking ring has the advantage that it can be placed in any position of the adjusting element relative to the drive element between the elements mentioned. The locking ring itself can be in any angle.
Ist bei der Montage eines Nockenwellenverstellers, welcher das Wellgetriebe als Stellgetriebe umfasst, der zur Betätigung des Wellgetriebes vorgesehene Elektromo tor an das Wellgetriebe anzubauen, so kann zunächst eine definierte Winkelrelation zwischen dem Antriebselement und dem Abtriebselement des Wellgetriebes einge stellt und mit Hilfe des Sicherungsrings festgehalten werden. Die Winkelstellung des Verstellelementes ist in diesem Moment ohne Belang. Anschließend sind die Aus gleichskupplung sowie der Elektromotor an das Verstellelement anzusetzen. Dies ist nur möglich, nachdem der Sicherungsring von dem Wellgetriebe entfernt wurde, was auf einfache Weis werkzeuglos möglich ist. Eine Montage des Elektromotors bei arre tiertem Wellgetriebe ist somit prinzipbedingt ausgeschlossen. If during the assembly of a camshaft adjuster, which comprises the wave gear as an actuating gear, the electromotive provided for actuating the wave gear is to be attached to the wave gear, then a defined angular relation between the drive element and the output element of the wave gear can be set and fixed with the aid of the locking ring . The angular position of the adjusting element is irrelevant at this moment. Then the equalizing coupling and the electric motor are to be attached to the adjusting element. This is only possible after the locking ring has been removed from the wave gear, which is easily possible without tools. An assembly of the electric motor with locked shaft gear is therefore excluded in principle.
Die mit Hilfe des kraft-/formschlüssig arbeitenden, in jeder Winkelstellung der gegen einander festzustellenden Elemente gleichermaßen wirksamen Sicherungsrings reali- sierte Verdrehwinkelarretierung ist auch für die Verwendung in einer automatisierten Fertigungslinie geeignet. Realize with the help of the non-positive / positive locking, equally effective in every angular position of the elements to be determined against each other Fixed twist angle lock is also suitable for use in an automated production line.
Allgemein zeichnet sich das Verfahren, mit welchem das Wellgetriebe gegen Verstel len gesichert wird, dadurch aus, dass ein Sicherungsring zwischen das Verstellele ment und das Gehäuse des Wellgetriebes derart eingesetzt wird, dass gleichzeitig ei ne kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Sicherungsring und dem Gehäuse und eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Sicherungsring und dem Verstellele ment hergestellt wird. In general, the method with which the wave gear is secured against adjusting is characterized in that a locking ring between the adjusting element and the housing of the wave gear is used in such a way that at the same time a non-positive connection between the locking ring and the housing and a positive connection Connection between the locking ring and the Verstellele element is established.
Das Wellgetriebe ist nicht nur für die Verwendung in einem elektromechanischen No- ckenwellenversteller, sondern auch für industrielle Anwendungen, beispielsweise in einem Industrieroboter oder in einer Werkzeugmaschine, geeignet. The wave gear is not only suitable for use in an electromechanical camshaft adjuster, but also for industrial applications, for example in an industrial robot or in a machine tool.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbespiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung nä her erläutert. Hierin zeigt: An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to a drawing. Herein shows:
Fig. 1 ein Wellgetriebe eins elektrischen Nockenwellenverstellers mit einge setzter Verdrehsicherung in perspektivischer Ansicht, 1 is a wave gear of an electric camshaft adjuster with inserted anti-rotation device in a perspective view,
Fig. 2 eine Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 , 2 shows a sectional illustration of the arrangement according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 einen Sicherungsring des Wellgetriebes. Fig. 3 shows a locking ring of the wave gear.
Ein insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnetes Wellgetriebe ist Teil eines nicht weiter dargestellten elektrischen Nockenwellenverstellers, welcher der Verstel lung einer Nockenwelle eines Verbrennungsmotors, nämlich Flubkolbenmotors, in Re lation zu dessen Kurbelwelle dient. Hinsichtlich der prinzipiellen Funktion des No ckenwellenverstellers einschließlich des Wellgetriebes 1 wird auf den eingangs zitier ten Stand der Technik verwiesen. Bei dem als Stellgetriebe verwendeten Wellgetriebe 1 handelt es sich um ein Dreiwel lengetriebe. Drei um eine gemeinsame Achse, nämlich die Rotationsachse der No ckenwelle, rotierbare, jeweils unmittelbar mit externen, das heißt nicht dem Wellge triebe 1 zuzurechnenden Komponenten zusammenwirkende Elemente werden allge mein als Anschlusselemente 2,9,13 bezeichnet. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein als Gehäuse ausgebildetes Antriebselement 2, ein Verstellelement 9, sowie ein als Hohl rad gestaltetes Abtriebselement 13. A generally designated with the reference numeral 1 wave gear is part of an electric camshaft adjuster, not shown, which is used to adjust a camshaft of an internal combustion engine, namely a piston engine, in relation to its crankshaft. With regard to the basic function of the camshaft adjuster including the wave gear 1, reference is made to the prior art cited at the beginning. The wave gear 1 used as an actuating gear is a three-shaft gear. Three about a common axis, namely the axis of rotation of the camshaft, rotatable, each directly interacting with external components, ie components not attributable to the shaft drives 1, are generally referred to as connection elements 2, 9, 13. This is a drive element 2 designed as a housing, an adjusting element 9, and an output element 13 designed as a hollow wheel.
Das Antriebselement 2 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel mehrteilig aufgebaut und umfasst ein Kettenrad 3, das beim Betrieb des Nockenwellenverstellers von der Kurbelwelle angetrieben wird, wobei es mit halber Kurbelwellendrehzahl rotiert. Das Abtriebsele ment 13 ist zur drehfesten Verbindung mit der zu verstellenden Nockenwelle vorgese hen. Das Verstellelement 9 ist als Innenring eines Wälzlagers 8 ausgebildet, welches Teil eines Wellgenerators 7 ist. Der Wellgenerator 7 wird über eine Ausgleichskupp lung, nämlich Oldham-Kupplung, von einem nicht dargestellten Elektromotor, bei spielsweise einem bürstenlosen Synchronmotor, angetrieben. Die Ausgleichskupplung weist eine nicht dargestellte Oldham-Scheibe auf, in die bei fertig montiertem No- ckenwellenversteller zwei Bolzen 14 eingreifen. Die Bolzen 14 sind in dem genannten Wälzlagerinnenring befestigt und dem Verstellelement 9 zuzurechnen. The drive element 2 is constructed in several parts in the exemplary embodiment and comprises a chain wheel 3 which is driven by the crankshaft during operation of the camshaft adjuster, wherein it rotates at half the crankshaft speed. The Abtriebsele element 13 is hen vorgese for rotationally fixed connection with the camshaft to be adjusted. The adjusting element 9 is designed as an inner ring of a roller bearing 8, which is part of a wave generator 7. The wave generator 7 is via a compensation clutch, namely Oldham coupling, driven by an electric motor, not shown, for example a brushless synchronous motor. The compensating clutch has an Oldham disk, not shown, in which two bolts 14 engage when the camshaft adjuster is fully assembled. The bolts 14 are fastened in the roller bearing inner ring and are assigned to the adjusting element 9.
Solange das Verstellelement 9 mit der Drehzahl des Antriebselementes 2 rotiert, dreht sich auch die Nockenwelle samt Abtriebselement 13 mit dieser Drehzahl. Eine Pha senverstellung der Nockenwelle findet in diesem Betriebszustand des Wellgetriebes 1 somit nicht statt. As long as the adjusting element 9 rotates at the speed of the drive element 2, the camshaft together with the output element 13 also rotates at this speed. A Pha senverstellung the camshaft does not take place in this operating state of the wave gear 1.
Die Außenkontur des als Wälzlagerring ausgebildeten Verstellelements 9 weicht von einer Kreisform ab. In an sich bekannter Weise ist durch das Verstellelement 9 eine nicht kreisrunde, elliptische Laufbahn für Wälzkörper 10, nämlich Kugeln, gebildet. Ein zugehöriger Außenring 11 , in welchem die Kugeln 10 abrollen, ist im Gegensatz zum Verstellelement 9 nachgiebig gestaltet, so dass er sich permanent der unrunden Form des Verstellelements 9 anpasst. Der Außenring 11 wiederum ist umgeben von einem flexiblen Getriebeelement 12, welches außenverzahnt ist und auch Flexring bezeich net wird. Die Außenverzahnung des Flexrings 12 greift an zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Stellen in Innenverzahnungen des Kettenrads 3 sowie des Abtriebselementes 13 ein. Das Kettenrad 3 ist durch Schrauben 6 fest mit einem Gehäuseelement 4 verbunden, welches ebenfalls dem Antriebselement 2 zuzurechnen ist. Ferner ist dem Antriebs element 2 ein Gehäusedeckel 5 zuzurechnen, welcher sich auf der der zu verstellen den Nockenwelle zugewandten Stirnseite des Wellgetriebes 1 befindet. Durch den Gehäusedeckel 5 ist das Abtriebselement 13 in Axialrichtung innerhalb des Wellge triebes 1 gesichert. Das Gehäuseelement 4 dient dazu, den Außenring 1 1 und damit den gesamten Wellgenerator 7 in der entgegengesetzten Axialrichtung innerhalb des Wellgetriebes 1 zu sichern. The outer contour of the adjusting element 9 designed as a roller bearing ring deviates from a circular shape. In a manner known per se, the adjusting element 9 forms a non-circular, elliptical raceway for rolling elements 10, namely balls. In contrast to the adjusting element 9, an associated outer ring 11, in which the balls 10 roll, is designed to be flexible, so that it permanently adapts to the non-circular shape of the adjusting element 9. The outer ring 11 is in turn surrounded by a flexible gear element 12 which is externally toothed and also called the flex ring. The external toothing of the flex ring 12 engages at two diametrically opposite points in the internal toothing of the chain wheel 3 and of the driven element 13. The sprocket 3 is firmly connected by screws 6 to a housing element 4, which is also attributable to the drive element 2. Furthermore, the drive element 2 is a housing cover 5, which is located on the face of the shaft gear 1 facing the camshaft to be adjusted. Through the housing cover 5, the driven element 13 is secured in the axial direction within the shaft drive 1. The housing element 4 serves to secure the outer ring 11 and thus the entire wave generator 7 in the opposite axial direction within the wave gear 1.
Durch unterschiedliche Zähnezahlen der Verzahnungen des Flexrings 12, des An triebselementes 2, sowie des Abtriebselementes 13 wird in an sich bekannter Weise dafür gesorgt, dass eine volle Umdrehung des Verstellelementes 9 gegenüber dem Antriebselement 2 in eine vergleichsweise geringe Verschwenkung zwischen dem An triebselement 2 und dem Abtriebselement 13 umgesetzt wird. Hierbei kann eine Kupp lungsstufe entweder zwischen dem Flexring 12 und dem Antriebselement 2 oder zwi schen dem Flexring 12 und dem Abtriebselement 13 gebildet sein. Die Übersetzungs stufe des Wellgetriebes ist dementsprechend entweder dem Flexring 12 und dem Ab triebselement 13 oder zwischen dem Flexring 12 und dem Antriebselement 2 gebildet. Im erstgenannten Fall handelt es sich bei dem Wellgetriebe 1 um ein Plusgetriebe, im letztgenannten Fall um ein Minusgetriebe. By different numbers of teeth of the teeth of the flex ring 12, the drive element 2, and the output element 13 is ensured in a manner known per se that a full rotation of the adjusting element 9 relative to the drive element 2 in a comparatively small pivoting between the drive element 2 and the Output element 13 is implemented. Here, a hitch be stage either between the flex ring 12 and the drive element 2 or between the flex ring's 12 and the output element 13 may be formed. The translation stage of the wave gear is accordingly either the flex ring 12 and from the drive element 13 or between the flex ring 12 and the drive element 2 is formed. In the former case, the wave gear 1 is a plus gear, in the latter case a minus gear.
Bevor der Elektromotor am Wellgetriebe 1 montiert wird, ist dieses zunächst in defi nierter Position blockiert. Zu diesem Zweck ist in eine Verdrehsicherungsvorrichtung 15 vorgesehen, welche einerseits durch zwei Elemente 2, 9, nämlich das Antriebs element 2 und das Verstellelement 9, welche den Anschlusselementen des Wellge triebes 1 zuzurechnen sind, und andererseits durch ein Sicherungselement 18 in Form eines Sicherungsrings gebildet ist. Der Sicherungsring 18 wirkt außenseitig kraftschlüssig mit dem Antriebselement 2 und innenseitig formschlüssig mit dem Verstellelement 9 zusammen. Im Querschnitt be schreibt der Sicherungsring 18, bei welchem es sich um ein im Spritzgussverfahren hergestelltes Kunststoffteil handelt, ein U-Profil 19. Before the electric motor is mounted on the wave gear 1, it is initially blocked in a defined position. For this purpose, an anti-rotation device 15 is provided, which is formed on the one hand by two elements 2, 9, namely the drive element 2 and the adjusting element 9, which are attributable to the connecting elements of the corrugated gear 1, and on the other hand by a securing element 18 in the form of a securing ring is. The locking ring 18 interacts on the outside with the drive element 2 and on the inside with the adjusting element 9. In cross section, the retaining ring 18, which is an injection molded plastic part, writes a U-shaped profile 19.
Durch das U-Profil 19 ist ein innerer, gewellter Abschnitt 20 gebildet, welcher einer formschlüssigen Verdrehsicherung zuzurechnen ist, die zwischen dem Verstellele ment 9 und dem Sicherungsring 18 herstellbar ist. Die formschlüssige Verdrehsiche rung ist dabei aufgebaut aus einer inneren Verdrehsicherungskontur 16 auf Seiten des Verstellelementes 9 und einer äußeren Verdrehsicherungskontur 17 auf Seiten des Sicherungsrings 18. Hierbei wird die innere Verdrehsicherungskontur 16 durch Teile, die ohnehin beim Wellgetriebe 1 vorhanden sind, nämlich durch die Bolzen 14, bereit gestellt. Die zugehörige äußere Verdrehsicherungskontur 17 liegt in Form des ring förmig geschlossenen, gewellten Abschnitts 20 des Sicherungsrings 18 vor. Through the U-profile 19, an inner, corrugated section 20 is formed, which is to be attributed to a form-fitting anti-rotation device, which can be produced between the adjusting element 9 and the locking ring 18. The positive locking against rotation is constructed from an inner anti-rotation contour 16 on the side of the adjusting element 9 and an outer anti-rotation contour 17 on the side of the locking ring 18. Here, the inner anti-rotation contour 16 by parts that are already present in the wave gear 1, namely by the bolts 14 , provided. The associated outer anti-rotation contour 17 is in the form of the ring-shaped closed, corrugated section 20 of the locking ring 18.
Der gewellte Abschnitt 20 ist konzentrisch umgeben von einem äußeren, glatten Ab schnitt 21 , der ebenfalls durch das U-Profil 19 des Sicherungsrings 18 gebildet ist. Im Ausführungsbeispiel kontaktiert der äußere, ringförmige Abschnitt 21 eine zylindrische Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuseelementes 4. In jedem Fall ist der glatte Abschnitt 21 Teil einer kraftschlüssig wirkenden Verdrehsicherung zwischen dem Sicherungs ring 18 und dem Antriebselement 2. The corrugated section 20 is concentrically surrounded by an outer, smooth From section 21, which is also formed by the U-profile 19 of the locking ring 18. In the exemplary embodiment, the outer, ring-shaped section 21 contacts a cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the housing element 4. In any case, the smooth section 21 is part of a non-positive rotation lock between the securing ring 18 and the drive element 2.
An den äußeren, zylindrischen Abschnitt 21 schließt ein radial nach außen gerichteter Flansch 22 des Sicherungsrings 18 an. Dieser Flansch 22 liegt in der Anordnung nach den Figuren 1 und 2 stirnseitig am Gehäuseelement 4 an. Weiter ist eine vom Flansch 22 ausgehende Lasche 23 erkennbar, die dem einfachen manuellen Abnehmen des Sicherungsrings 18 vom Wellgetriebe 1 dient. Der Anbau des Elektromotors des No- ckenwellenverstellers an das Wellgetriebe 1 ist ausschließlich bei abgenommenem Sicherungsring 18 möglich. Bezuqszeichenliste Wellgetriebe A radially outwardly directed flange 22 of the securing ring 18 adjoins the outer, cylindrical section 21. In the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 2, this flange 22 abuts the housing element 4 on the end face. Furthermore, a tab 23 extending from the flange 22 can be seen, which serves for the simple manual removal of the locking ring 18 from the wave gear 1. The electric motor of the camshaft adjuster can only be attached to the shaft gear 1 with the circlip 18 removed. Reference list of shaft gears
Gehäuse, Antriebselement Housing, drive element
Kettenrad Sprocket
Gehäuseelement Housing element
Gehäusedeckel Housing cover
Schraube screw
Wellgenerator Wave generator
Wälzlager roller bearing
Innenring, Verstellelement Inner ring, adjustment element
Wälzkörper Rolling elements
Außenring Outer ring
Flexring, felxibles Getriebeelement Abtriebshohlrad, Abtriebselement Bolzen Flexring, felxible gear element output ring gear, output element bolt
Verdrehsicherungsvorrichtung innere Verdrehsicherungskontur äußere Verdrehsicherungskontur Sicherungselement, Sicherungsring U-Profil Anti-twist device inner anti-twist contour outer anti-twist contour locking element, locking ring U-profile
innerer, gewellter Abschnitt inner corrugated section
äußerer, glatter Abschnitt outer smooth section
Flansch flange
Lasche Tab

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Wellgetriebe, mit drei Anschlusselementen (2,9,13), nämlich einem Antriebselement (2), einem Abtriebselement (13) und einem Verstellelement (9), sowie einer zwischen den Anschlusselementen (2,9,13) wirksamen verdrehsichernden Montagesicherung (15), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Montagesicherung (15) ein zu den Anschlusselementen (2,9,13) konzentrisches, mit einem der Anschlusselemente (9) formschlüssig und mit einem weiteren Anschlusselement (2) kraftschlüssig zusammenwirkendes Sicherungselement (18) umfasst. 1. wave gear, with three connection elements (2, 9, 13), namely a drive element (2), an output element (13) and an adjusting element (9), as well as an anti-rotation mounting lock between the connection elements (2, 9, 13) ( 15), characterized in that the assembly lock (15) comprises a locking element (18) concentric with the connecting elements (2, 9, 13), positively locking with one of the connecting elements (9) and non-positively interacting with a further connecting element (2).
2. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sicherungselement (18) zur kraftschlüssigen Zusammenwirkung mit dem Antriebselement (2) und zur formschlüssigen Zusammenwirkung mit dem Verstellele ment (9) ausgebildet ist. 2. Corrugated gear according to claim 1, characterized in that the securing element (18) is designed for the positive interaction with the drive element (2) and for the positive interaction with the adjusting element (9).
3. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine formschlüssig wirkende Verdrehsicherungskontur (16) auf Seiten des Verstellelementes (9) durch zwei Bolzen (14) gebildet ist, welche fest mit einem Innenring eines Wellgenerators (7) verbunden sind. 3. wave gear according to claim 2, characterized in that a positive locking anti-rotation contour (16) on the side of the adjusting element (9) is formed by two bolts (14) which are fixedly connected to an inner ring of a wave generator (7).
4. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Bolzen (14) Komponenten einer Ausgleichkupplung sind. 4. wave gear according to claim 3, characterized in that the two bolts (14) are components of a differential coupling.
5. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine formschlüssig wirkende Verdrehsicherungskontur (17) auf Seiten des Sicherungselements (18) durch einen gewellten, inneren Abschnitt (20) eines U- Profils (19) des Sicherungselements (18) gebildet ist. 5. wave gear according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a positive locking anti-rotation contour (17) on the side of the securing element (18) by a corrugated, inner portion (20) of a U-profile (19) of the securing element (18) is formed .
6. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sicherungselement (18) zur kraftschlüssigen Verdrehsicherung gegenüber dem Antriebselement (2) einen glatten, äußeren Abschnitt (21) des U-Profils (19) auf weist. 6. wave gear according to claim 5, characterized in that the securing element (18) for non-positive rotation against the drive element (2) has a smooth outer portion (21) of the U-profile (19).
7. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an das durch das Sicherungselement (18) beschriebene U-Profil (19) ein Flansch (22) angeformt ist, welcher zur Anlage am Antriebselement (2) vorgesehen ist. 7. wave gear according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a flange (22) is formed on the U-profile (19) described by the securing element (18), which flange is provided for contact with the drive element (2).
8. Wellgetriebe nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an den Flansch (22) eine zum manuellen Entfernen des Sicherungselements (18) von den Anschlusselementen (2,9,13) geeignete Lasche (23) angeformt ist. 8. wave gear according to claim 7, characterized in that on the flange (22) for the manual removal of the securing element (18) from the connecting elements (2,9,13) suitable tab (23) is formed.
9. Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Wellgetriebes (1 ) gegen Verstellen, mit folgen- den Schritten: 9. Procedure for securing a wave gear (1) against adjustment, with the following steps:
Bereitstellung eines Wellgetriebes (1), welches ein als Ganzes drehbares, als Antriebselement (2) fungierendes Gehäuse, so ie ein als Komponente eines Wellgenerators (7) ausgebildetes Verstellelement (9) aufweist, Bereitstellung eines Sicherungsrings (18) als verdrehsichernde Montageoder Transportsicherung, Provision of a wave gear (1) which has a housing which can be rotated as a whole and acts as a drive element (2), so that it has an adjusting element (9) which is designed as a component of a wave generator (7),
Einsetzen des Sicherungsrings (18) zwischen das Verstellelement (9) und das Gehäuse (2) derart, dass gleichzeitig eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Sicherungsring (18) und dem Gehäuse (2) und eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Sicherungsring (18) und dem Verstell element (9) hergestellt wird, Insert the locking ring (18) between the adjusting element (9) and the housing (2) in such a way that at the same time a non-positive connection between the locking ring (18) and the housing (2) and a positive connection between the locking ring (18) and the adjustment element (9) is produced,
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei nach dem Einsetzen des Sicherungsrings (18) das Antriebselements (2) und das Abtriebselement (13) an jeweils einem Bauteil derart fixiert wird, dass eine Relativverstellung der Bauteile bei stillstehendem Verstellelement (9) unterbunden ist, und wobei nach dem10. The method according to claim 9, wherein after the insertion of the locking ring (18), the drive element (2) and the driven element (13) is fixed to one component in each case such that a relative adjustment of the components is prevented when the adjusting element (9) is at a standstill, and being after
Fixieren der Sicherungsring (18) entfernt wird. Fixing the locking ring (18) is removed.
EP19836787.2A 2019-01-16 2019-12-17 Harmonic drive Active EP3911845B1 (en)

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