EP3910606A1 - Système d'accès pourvu d'au moins un portail - Google Patents

Système d'accès pourvu d'au moins un portail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3910606A1
EP3910606A1 EP21168375.0A EP21168375A EP3910606A1 EP 3910606 A1 EP3910606 A1 EP 3910606A1 EP 21168375 A EP21168375 A EP 21168375A EP 3910606 A1 EP3910606 A1 EP 3910606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gate
information signal
antenna
mobile terminal
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21168375.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Miller
Maximilian Rüßmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
Original Assignee
Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH filed Critical Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
Publication of EP3910606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3910606A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00571—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the application relates to an access system, comprising at least one first gate, set up to enable access from a first area to a second area.
  • the application relates to a method for operating an access system, an access application, a method for operating an access application and a mobile terminal.
  • Access systems for controlling access from a first area to a second area are known from the prior art.
  • the access (or entrance) from an uncontrolled area to a controlled area and / or the access (or exit) from a controlled area to an uncontrolled area can be controlled with the aid of an access system.
  • An access system has at least one gate or barrier.
  • a gate is configured to selectively block off and selectively allow access from a first area to a second area.
  • a gate can in particular ensure that only authorized users can pass through the gate, for example in order to get into the controlled area and / or to leave the controlled area.
  • Access systems are used, for example, in transport systems, but also in other applications in which user access is to be controlled.
  • Known gates are configured to check an access authorization of a user before a passage through the gate is released.
  • access systems are known in which a ticket medium is checked by a user before it is released.
  • a user can use a ticket medium with an access code that can be read out by an interface device of the gate.
  • Authentication date e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code, RFID identifier, another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.
  • the gate In the initial state, the gate is usually blocked, which means that a blocking element on the gate physically prevents a user from passing through the gate. In other cases, the gate can be open in its initial state and only close if a user tries to pass through the gate without a valid access notification. - Without loss of generality, it is assumed below that the gate is locked in the initial state and should be opened for the user to pass through if the access authorization of a user is checked.
  • a (local) control module of the gate and / or a backend system communicatively coupled to the gate can check the read access code or the read authentication date and access from a first to a second area, i.e. passage through a gate, in the case of a positive one Release result. If the result is negative and the user is not authorized, the gate remains closed.
  • an access application in the form of an app can be installed on a user's mobile device.
  • the access application is set up for communication with a communication module assigned to the gate, in particular to provide the gate with an authentication date of the mobile terminal or of the corresponding user for the check described above via a wireless communication channel. This is done automatically, in particular, without any user action being required.
  • the problem is that the position of a mobile terminal can only be determined with low accuracy in front of a gate.
  • it is difficult to open the correct gate at the right time (that is, not too early and not too late) in order to allow the corresponding user to pass through the gate.
  • the application is therefore based on the object of providing an access system that enables an increase in throughput with, in particular, reduced installation effort and, at the same time, a reduction in the risk of unauthorized users passing through.
  • the access system comprises at least one first gate, set up to enable access from a first area to a second area.
  • the first gate comprises at least one first group antenna arrangement, set up for processing at least one information signal, containing at least one modulated signal section and at least one unmodulated signal section.
  • the first array antenna arrangement comprises a plurality of gate antennas arranged adjacent to one another.
  • an access system is provided with at least one gate which has at least one array antenna arrangement, set up for processing an information signal, containing at least one modulated signal section and at least one unmodulated signal section, an increase in throughput with, in particular, a reduced rate is achieved at the gate Installation effort allows. There is no need to install additional sensors in the room. At the same time, the risk of an unauthorized user passing through can be reduced.
  • the processing of an information signal by at least one group antenna arrangement is to be understood as meaning that the at least one group antenna arrangement can in particular receive and / or transmit the information signal.
  • a group antenna arrangement enables the evaluation of at least one unmodulated signal section of an information signal in such a way that position data of a mobile terminal that interacts with the group arrangement by means of the at least one information signal can be determined with particularly high accuracy.
  • the (special) information signal and the (special) group antenna arrangement it is possible to determine the position of a mobile device with an accuracy in the decimeter range, in particular between 0.3 m to 0.5 m. This in turn allows enabling the right gate at the right time.
  • the access system comprises at least one first gate which is used to control access from a first area to a second area.
  • the access system can preferably comprise a plurality of gates, in particular a gate arrangement with a plurality of gates.
  • the access system according to the application can be used to control the access to and / or the exit from at least one second area.
  • Exemplary and non-exhaustive areas of application of an access system according to the application are buildings and / or building areas such as office buildings, airports, train stations, platforms, boarding gates, residential buildings, swimming pools, amusement parks and the like, and vehicles such as rail vehicles, buses or airplanes.
  • a gate is a barrier to and / or from a controlled area.
  • Exemplary gates have pivoting, retractable or telescopic doors or turnstiles as blocking elements.
  • the at least one gate can be operated in at least one direction. It goes without saying that a gate can also be operated in at least two different directional operating modes. In the present case, a directional operating mode is understood to mean in which direction (entry direction, exit direction or in entry and exit direction) a gate can be passed.
  • the first gate has an array antenna arrangement.
  • a group antenna arrangement also called a phased array antenna
  • the at least two gate antennas of a group antenna arrangement are electrically connected to one another.
  • the gate antennas have in particular a defined structure and / or a defined position to one another, in particular a defined distance from one another.
  • the structure and the position can be selected as a function of at least the frequency of the information signal to be processed.
  • the gate antennas can be parallel to each other, each with the be arranged at the same distance.
  • the gate antennas are shaped identically.
  • a gate antenna is designed to transmit and / or receive an information signal.
  • An information signal according to the application is in particular a data packet signal with a modulated signal section and an unmodulated signal section of an electromagnetic signal.
  • the modulated signal section contains data content in a conventional manner (e.g. preamble, access-address, PDU, CRC).
  • an information signal according to the registration contains an unmodulated signal section (e.g. 1 to 300 ⁇ s unmodulated signal duration, preferably 16 to 160 ⁇ s).
  • the unmodulated signal section provides a constant frequency that can be evaluated to determine the position.
  • the unmodulated signal section is distinguished by the fact that it does not carry data content. In other words, the unmodulated signal section is not frequency-modulated and not amplitude-modulated (and not phase-modulated).
  • the unmodulated signal section can, however, be demodulated in terms of signal technology.
  • the unmodulated signal section is divided into two paths in a so-called I&Q process, one path of the demodulation is carried out with the original phase position (English: in phase) and results in the I data, the second path is with a reference frequency phase-shifted by 90 ° carried out and results in the Q data (English: quadrature).
  • the information signal is preferably a near-field information signal, e.g. based on one of the technologies such as Bluetooth, Wibree, WiMAX, ZigBee, WLAN or NFC.
  • the information signal can preferably be a Bluetooth information signal, particularly preferably a Bluetooth information signal of version 5.X (or a higher version).
  • the information signal can preferably be an advertising signal.
  • the advertising signal can be a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) signal (at least version 5.X).
  • BLE advertising signal can be sent from almost any mobile device, in particular with a standard operating system (e.g. Apple iOS, Google Android, Microsoft Windows Mobile, Microsoft Mobile Phone, Blackberry OS, Symbian OS, Firefox OS, Tizen, Aliyun OS), be broadcastable, receivable and evaluable.
  • a standard operating system e.g. Apple iOS, Google Android, Microsoft Windows Mobile, Microsoft Mobile Phone, Blackberry OS, Symbian OS, Firefox OS, Tizen, Aliyun OS
  • the access system can be formed by a single gate (or by a gate arrangement with a plurality of gates).
  • the first group antenna arrangement can comprise at least one gate receiving device (electrically) coupled to the gate antennas.
  • the first group antenna arrangement is used to receive information signals.
  • Each gate antenna can be a receiving gate antenna and, in particular, can be tuned for the reception of information signals.
  • Each of the gate antennas is electrically connected to the gate receiving device in order, in particular, to make the respectively received information signals available to the gate receiving device as antenna signals.
  • the gate receiving device is set up for further processing of the antenna signals.
  • the gate receiving device can be set up to determine position data of a mobile terminal transmitting the information signal. This can be done based on the unmodulated signal section of a received information signal.
  • Position data are present (system-wide uniform) coordinates which in particular clearly define the position (usually a position range due to measurement tolerances) of the transmitter of the information signal in relation to the receiver (i.e. in the present case a group antenna arrangement).
  • Position data in particular (system-wide uniform) coordinates which in particular clearly define the position (usually a position range due to measurement tolerances) of the receiver of the information signal in relation to the transmitter (i.e. the group antenna arrangement here).
  • a polar coordinate system can be used in which, for example, the group antenna arrangement, the geometric center point of the group antenna arrangement or a defined other geometric point of the gate forms the origin of the polar coordinate system.
  • the distance from the origin can be designated with radius (r) or radial coordinate and an angular datum or angle can be designated with angle coordinate ( ⁇ ).
  • r radius
  • ⁇ angle coordinate
  • other coordinate systems such as a Cartesian coordinate system, can be used.
  • each of the gate antennas can be set up to provide an antenna signal. This can be done based on the unmodulated signal section of the received information signal.
  • the modulated signal section can also be provided as an antenna signal in order to be able to further process the data content (payload) contained therein.
  • the antenna signal that maps the unmodulated signal section is essentially used to determine the position data.
  • the antenna signal can be part of an overall antenna signal.
  • the gate receiving device can comprise at least one demodulation module, set up to demodulate the provided antenna signals.
  • the demodulation module can preferably be set up to demodulate the antenna signals provided in such a way that for each of the Antenna signals an amplitude data and a phase data of the unmodulated signal section is determined.
  • the demodulation module can be an I&Q demodulation module, set up to carry out an I&Q demodulation (in-phase-and-quadrature demodulation).
  • I&Q demodulation in-phase-and-quadrature demodulation
  • the phase data that is to say the imaginary part of the complex signal.
  • the (instantaneous) position data of the transmitter that sent the information signal can be determined exactly.
  • different "signal waves" can be differentiated by means of an amplitude datum.
  • the gate receiving device can comprise at least one position determination module, set up to determine (in particular to calculate) a first angular datum. This can be done based on the determined amplitude data and the determined phase data of the antenna signals.
  • the demodulated data that is to say the amplitude data and the phase data of each antenna signal (in particular in digital form)
  • the position determination module can in particular be set up to further process the data provided (in accordance with at least one predefined calculation rule).
  • the position determination module can preferably be set up to at least partially determine (in particular calculate) the position data, at least based on the determined first angular datum.
  • An angle datum is, in particular, an indication of the angle to a (predeterminable) reference straight line that lies in a horizontal plane.
  • the reference straight line can be the (in an essentially horizontal plane) polar axis
  • an angular datum of a certain point can be the angle ⁇ between the polar axis and a radius vector, which points from the origin of the polar coordinate system to the certain point.
  • the distance (in particular the radius r) between the transmitter and the array antenna arrangement (in particular the gate antennas) can be determined in any way.
  • the position determination module can be set up to determine the position data based on the determined first angular datum and the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) of the information signal received by the gate antennas.
  • the RSSI represents, in particular, an indicator for the received field strength of the received information signal.
  • the RSSI can be used in particular to determine the distance (in particular a distance range in which measurement tolerances are taken into account).
  • the position determination module can determine the position data (e.g. in the form ⁇ r, ⁇ ) of the mobile terminal with high accuracy.
  • the gate receiving device can comprise at least one receiving device interface, set up to receive at least one further angular datum determined for the received information signal.
  • the further angle data can be provided by a further group antenna arrangement arranged adjacent to the first group antenna arrangement, wherein the distance and the angle between said antenna arrangements can be known to the position determination module.
  • the position determination module can be set up to determine the position data based on the determined first angular datum and the provided further angular datum.
  • the first angular datum and the further angular datum indicate in particular the angle to the transmitter (in relation to the respective polar axis (which can in particular run parallel to one another) from the respective origin, i.e. the respective group antenna arrangement is taken into account in the respective angular data determination), the position data of the transmitter or mobile terminal are determined.
  • a determination can be made with an accuracy of 0.3 to 0.5 m.
  • an angle datum can also be expressed by other coordinate data.
  • the person skilled in the art knows how a conversion from one coordinate system into another coordinate system can take place.
  • the access system can comprise a gate arrangement.
  • the gate arrangement can comprise the (described) first gate and at least one further gate.
  • a multiplicity of gates can be arranged next to one another (in a defined manner known in the system).
  • the further gate (in particular each further gate) can comprise a further group antenna arrangement with a plurality of gate antennas arranged adjacent to one another.
  • the further group antenna arrangement can comprise at least one gate receiving device coupled to the gate antennas.
  • a further group antenna arrangement can in particular be formed in accordance with the first group antenna arrangement.
  • the gate receiving device of the further gate can in particular at least one interface with the receiving device of the first gate include communicatively connectable receiving device interface.
  • the respective receiving device interfaces can be set up to provide and / or receive an angular datum.
  • all gate receiving devices can be communicatively coupled to one another.
  • a gate receiving device can comprise a plurality of modules arranged in a distributed manner and / or a module, such as a demodulation module and / or a position determination module, can be formed from two or more elements (arranged in a distributed manner). Furthermore, it goes without saying that a module, such as a position determination module, can be used jointly by a plurality of gate receiving devices.
  • the respective group antenna arrangement can preferably be mounted in (almost) the same position in each gate of a gate arrangement.
  • the respective distance and / or the respective angle, that is to say the alignment with respect to one another, between all adjacent gates of a gate arrangement can preferably be (almost) the same.
  • the respective distance and the respective angle between all adjacent array antenna arrangements is (almost) identical. This allows an array to be formed from group antenna arrangements coupled to one another.
  • Such an interconnection to form an array of group antenna arrangements enables an even more precise location of a mobile terminal.
  • "blind spots", in particular in the first area can at least be reduced.
  • anomalies (such as an attempt by an unauthorized person to "cheat” through the gate) can be detected by evaluating the received information signals.
  • the access system can be provided that the first group antenna arrangement comprises at least one gate transmitting device coupled to the gate antennas.
  • the gate transmitting device can be set up to control the transmission of a first group information signal by the gate antennas.
  • the first group information signal can contain a plurality of individual information signals which are each transmitted by the gate antennas.
  • An individual information signal is in particular formed similarly to an information signal described above and has a modulated and an unmodulated signal section.
  • position data of a mobile terminal can also be determined if the access system comprises a group antenna arrangement which transmits a group information signal, controlled by a gate transmission device. While in the embodiment in which the group antenna arrangement comprises a gate receiving device, what is known as an evaluation of the "angle of arrival" (AoA) takes place, in the group antenna arrangement which comprises a gate transmitting device, what is known as an evaluation of the "Angle of Departure” (AoD). Both evaluations allow the determination of the position data of the mobile terminal in relation to the respective at least one group antenna arrangement with a high degree of accuracy.
  • AoA angle of arrival
  • AoD the group antenna arrangement which comprises a gate transmitting device
  • the gate transmission device can be set up to control the transmission of the first group information signal such that the respective unmodulated signal sections of the individual information signals of the first group information signal each have a specific phase relationship to one another. Based on the respective phase relationships of the at least two individual information signals of the first group information signal, a Determination of the position data of a mobile terminal that receives the group information signal.
  • the access system can comprise at least one terminal receiving device which is arranged in a mobile terminal (whose position data is to be determined) and which is coupled to an antenna of the mobile terminal.
  • a (software) access application that can be installed on the mobile terminal can be provided as the terminal receiving device.
  • the terminal receiving device can comprise at least one demodulation module, set up to demodulate first antenna signals that result from the first group information signal received by the antenna of the mobile terminal.
  • the demodulation module can be an I&Q demodulation module (as described above).
  • the demodulation module can determine an amplitude data and a phase data for each provided (digital) antenna signal.
  • the terminal receiving device can comprise at least one position determination module, set up to determine position data of the mobile terminal (relative to the transmitting group antenna arrangement). This can take place based on the demodulated first antenna signals, in particular the phase data determined for each first antenna signal and the amplitude data determined for each first antenna signal.
  • the position determination module can determine a first angle datum based on the demodulated antenna signals.
  • the position determination module can determine a first angle data based on the amplitude data and phase data (in particular in a manner analogous to the mode of operation of the position determination module of the gate receiving device, see above that reference is made to this in order to avoid repetition).
  • the origin can in particular be the antenna of the mobile terminal (or the mobile terminal).
  • the position determination module can preferably be set up to determine (in particular calculate) the position data of the mobile terminal based on the demodulated first antenna signals and the RSSI of the first information signal received by the antenna of the mobile terminal.
  • the position determination module can determine an angle and a radius as position data, based on the RSSI and a first angle datum (as was described in particular above).
  • the position determination module can be set up to determine the position data of the mobile terminal based on the demodulated first antenna signals and on the demodulated second antenna signals of a further transmitted group information signal which was transmitted by a further group antenna arrangement arranged adjacent to the first group antenna arrangement.
  • an intersection point in particular an intersection point area, can be determined in particular from two angle data.
  • the intersection area represents the (current) position of the mobile terminal in relation to the at least two group antenna arrangements.
  • the determined position data can in particular be transmitted by the mobile terminal to the gate via a communication connection, in particular to a control module of the gate.
  • a gate (the first gate and / or (each) further gate) can have a front side and a rear side.
  • the front side can be of the (instantaneous) Be facing the passage direction.
  • At least the plurality of gate antennas of a group antenna arrangement can be arranged on the front side, in particular directly behind a front wall of a gate housing which forms the front side.
  • the gate antennas of a group antenna arrangement are arranged as optimally as possible in relation to a monitoring first area.
  • an array antenna arrangement can be installed both on the (current) front side and on the (current) rear side.
  • a plurality of gate antennas can be arranged on the front side and on the rear side, each of which can be coupled to a single gate receiving device or a single gate transmitting device.
  • the respective gate antennas can be coupled depending on the currently set directional operating mode.
  • the gate (the first gate and / or (each) further gate) can have an underside.
  • the underside lies in the same plane as the bottom surface of the first and second areas.
  • At least the plurality of gate antennas of the first group antenna arrangement can be arranged at a height to the underside (ie in particular to a floor surface of the first and second area) between 0.3 m and 1.3 m, in particular between 0.6 m and 1.1
  • a corresponding height has been shown to be particularly preferred, since it lies in the area in which a mobile terminal device carried by a user is regularly located.
  • a mobile device can be in a user's pocket or handbag.
  • the plurality of gate antennas can preferably be mounted at (almost) the same height in each gate.
  • a front wall forming the front side can be made of a material (e.g. tinned copper foil, plastic, glass, plasterboard) that attenuates and / or filters electromagnetic signals, at least in the area of the majority of the gate antennas.
  • a material e.g. tinned copper foil, plastic, glass, plasterboard
  • the rear side can be formed in a similar manner.
  • the material can be formed in such a way that (almost) only information signals with a certain frequency (for example according to the carrier system used (e.g. Bluetooth, WLAN, etc.) are allowed through, while signals with a different frequency are blocked.
  • a certain frequency for example according to the carrier system used (e.g. Bluetooth, WLAN, etc.) are allowed through, while signals with a different frequency are blocked.
  • At least one gate can comprise a (local) control module.
  • each gate can have a local control module.
  • a gate arrangement with a plurality of gates can have a single (local) control module for controlling the plurality of gates.
  • the control module can be set up to control access through the gate based on specific position data of a mobile terminal.
  • the control module can be set up to enable a user of the mobile terminal to pass through the gate, at least based on the determined position data of the mobile terminal.
  • the throughput through the at least one gate can be increased.
  • releasing a gate for a user of the mobile terminal can be based on the determined position data and an authentication date assigned to the mobile terminal.
  • An authentication date contains at least one piece of information (e.g. ticket information, user ID, etc.) that shows that a user is authorized to pass through the gate.
  • the authentication date can be stored in the mobile terminal, for example.
  • the authentication data can preferably be transmitted to the gate by means of an information signal (in particular by means of the modulated signal section).
  • the authentication date can be checked (in a conventional manner) by the local control module (and / or an authentication module of a backend system). If the authentication date authorizes passage through the gate, the gate can be released. Otherwise the gate remains closed.
  • a periodic and, in particular, almost continuous determination of the position data of a mobile terminal in relation to the at least one gate can preferably take place.
  • an (instantaneous) movement profile of the mobile terminal can be determined. This makes it possible, in particular, to identify the gate towards which a user of the mobile terminal device is heading and to release this when the user actually reaches the gate.
  • the correct gate can be released for the corresponding user immediately before reaching the specified gate.
  • the user can pass the gate (almost) without delay.
  • a gate remains blocked if the check shows that the user is not authorized and / or the position data shows that the user does not want to pass the gate (but only happens to pass the at least one gate). It is also understood that an authentication date can be provided via another communication path (e.g. via a jaw system).
  • Control of the gate and in particular its blocking elements can preferably be further improved by using further available data, such as camera data from one or more cameras (installed in the first area), further sensor data, such as data from further near-field communication devices, light barriers, etc.
  • further available data such as camera data from one or more cameras (installed in the first area), further sensor data, such as data from further near-field communication devices, light barriers, etc.
  • the position determination can be improved even further in this way, for example position data can be verified by further available data.
  • the at least one corresponding sensor can be communicatively connected to the control module.
  • the access system can comprise at least one backend system.
  • a backend system can be formed by one or more (distributed) servers.
  • a back-end system is in particular arranged at a distance from the at least one gate.
  • the backend system can comprise at least one communication module, set up to communicate with a control module of a gate and / or with the at least one mobile terminal. It goes without saying that a plurality of (different) communication modules can be provided in order to be able to use different transmission technologies in particular. Communication can preferably take place via a long-distance communication network, such as a cellular network and / or a cable-based long-distance communication network.
  • a long-distance communication network such as a cellular network and / or a cable-based long-distance communication network.
  • the group antenna arrangement comprises a gate transmitting device and the position is determined by a terminal receiving device
  • the corresponding mobile terminal is set up to transmit a data record containing at least one authentication date and / or certain position data.
  • a user identifier assigned to the user (system-wide) and / or ticket information can be transmitted as the authentication date.
  • a user account with user data can be stored for each registered user in the backend system, from which it can be determined whether a user is authorized (or not) to pass a specific gate.
  • the data record can also contain a gate identifier.
  • a gate identifier can be assigned to each gate of an access system (system-wide, one-to-one).
  • the gate identifier can be contained in a (preferably each) individual information signal in the modulated signal section which was transmitted by the group antenna arrangement of the corresponding gate.
  • a data record can contain other data, such as a time stamp.
  • the position data of the mobile terminal can preferably be determined periodically and in particular almost continuously.
  • the access application of the mobile terminal can have the effect that the almost continuously determined position data (together with the named authentication date) are periodically, almost continuously transmitted to the backend system in the form of a large number of data records.
  • the method can in particular be used to operate the above-described access system, that is to say to operate at least one previously described gate, which includes, for example, a group antenna arrangement with a gate receiving device.
  • the access application comprises at least one receiving module set up to receive antenna signals which are transmitted at least to the respective unmodulated signal sections of individual information signals from an antenna mobile terminal received group information signal.
  • the group information signal was transmitted by a group antenna arrangement with a plurality of gate antennas of a gate arranged adjacent to one another.
  • the access application comprises at least one position determination module set up to determine position data of the mobile terminal received the group information signal, at least based on the unmodulated signal portion of the individual information signals of the group information signal.
  • the access application is, in particular, a software application that can be installed on a mobile terminal device.
  • the access application can be required for passing through a gate and, for example, for the proper use of a service, such as a transport service.
  • an access system which can for example be part of a transport system
  • a user account for the registered user is created in the access system, in particular the back-end system of the access system (also called the background system), by storing identification data in the back-end system, such as a unique (user) identifier (ID) of the user, Authentication data, such as a password, and billing data, such as credit card data or account details, address data or other data for billing.
  • ID unique (user) identifier
  • billing data such as credit card data or account details, address data or other data for billing.
  • this data is called user master data.
  • the access application in the form of a so-called app can be installed on the registered user's mobile device.
  • a program memory is a non-volatile memory such as a flash memory, a magnetic memory, an EEPROM memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) and / or an optical memory.
  • a mobile terminal can have a main memory, for example a volatile or non-volatile memory, in particular a random access memory (RAM), such as a static RAM memory (SRAM), a dynamic RAM memory (DRAM) ferroelectric RAM memory (FeRAM) and / or a magnetic RAM memory (MRAM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static RAM memory
  • DRAM dynamic RAM memory
  • FeRAM ferroelectric RAM memory
  • MRAM magnetic RAM memory
  • the processor of the mobile terminal can, for example, store intermediate results or the like in the main memory.
  • Yet another aspect of the registration is a mobile terminal, comprising at least one access application installed on the mobile terminal and described above.
  • Exemplary and non-exclusive mobile devices are smartphones, tablet computers, mobile game consoles, laptops, netbooks, data glasses, smart watches and similar wearables.
  • a mobile terminal device can be a dedicated ticketing device that is designed exclusively for an access application.
  • a module, element etc. described above can at least partially comprise hardware elements (e.g. processor, storage means etc.) and / or at least partially software elements (e.g. executable code). It should also be noted that terms such as “first”; “Second” etc. do not indicate a sequence, but rather serve to differentiate between two elements (e.g. gate, area etc.).
  • the Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of an access system 100 according to the present application.
  • the access system 100 can be used, for example, in a transport system. That
  • the transport system comprises at least one first gate 102.
  • the first gate 102 is set up to enable access from a first area 104 to a second area 106.
  • the direction of passage through the gate 102 is indicated by the arrow 116.
  • a gate can be operated in two directions.
  • the illustrated gate 102 is set up to enable authorized users access or entrance from the uncontrolled area 104 to the controlled area 106 and to enable access or exit from the controlled area 106 to the uncontrolled area 104.
  • a user has a ticket medium (not shown) with an authentication date that can be read out by an interface device (not shown) of gate 102, e.g. in the form of an access code (e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code, RFID identifier, another readable user ID). or mobile device ID etc.).
  • an access code e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code, RFID identifier, another readable user ID. or mobile device ID etc.
  • an installed access application can be available on a mobile terminal of the user, set up for communication with a communication module of the gate, in particular to provide the gate with an authentication date of the mobile terminal or the corresponding user for the above-described check via a wireless communication channel to be made available without user action being required.
  • the gate 102 and / or a remotely located computing device can check the at least one authentication date and enable access to the second (controlled) area 106, that is, a passage through the gate 102, if the result is positive. If the result is negative and the user is not authorized, the gate 102 remains blocked.
  • the gate 102 comprises at least one first group antenna arrangement 108.
  • the first group antenna arrangement 108 is in particular integrated in a gate housing 112 of the gate 102.
  • the array antenna arrangement 108 is arranged on a front side 114 of the gate 102.
  • the front side 114 here faces the passage direction 116.
  • no array antenna arrangement is arranged on the rear side 118 of the gate 102.
  • a group antenna arrangement can also be arranged on the rear side.
  • the first group antenna arrangement 108 comprises a plurality of (identically configured) gate antennas 110.
  • three gate antennas 110 are shown by way of example. It goes without saying that only two or more than three gate antennas can be provided.
  • the gate antennas 108 are electrically connected to one another.
  • the gate antennas 108 in particular have a defined structure and a defined position to one another, in particular a defined distance from one another. This can at least depend on the frequency of the information signal to be processed.
  • the gate antennas 108 as shown, can be arranged parallel to one another, in each case with the same spacing. It goes without saying that other arrangements are also possible, such as the arrangement along a semicircle or quarter circle.
  • the first group antenna arrangement 108 is set up to process at least one information signal containing at least one modulated signal section and at least one unmodulated signal section.
  • the processable information signal can preferably be a Bluetooth information signal (at least version 5.X).
  • Bluetooth information signal at least version 5.X
  • such a Bluetooth information signal is always used as an example went out.
  • the following explanations can be applied to the other information signals described above.
  • the combination according to the application of a use of such an information signal with a group antenna arrangement 108 integrated in the gate 102 enables the position of a mobile terminal to be determined in relation to the group antenna arrangement 108 or the corresponding gate 102 (with particularly high accuracy). This is explained in more detail below on the basis of the further exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an access system 200 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiment are described below, and otherwise reference is made to the previous explanations. It should also be noted that the gate has not been shown for the sake of a better overview. The illustrated embodiment is based in particular on the "Angle of Arrival" scheme.
  • the illustrated array antenna arrangement 208 comprises a plurality of gate antennas 210 which are arranged parallel to one another. The same distance 228 is provided between each directly adjacent gate antenna 210.
  • a gate receiving device 220 is electrically connected to the gate antennas 210.
  • the gate receiving device 220 has a demodulation module 222, a position determination module 224 and a receiving device interface 226. It goes without saying that further components can be provided, such as filters, amplifiers, A / D converters, etc.
  • Each gate antenna 210 can provide an antenna signal to the demodulation module 222 based on a received information signal. That Demodulation module 222 can demodulate the respective antenna signal.
  • the demodulation module 222 can be set up to determine an amplitude data and a phase data for each of the antenna signals. An amplitude data and a phase data are preferably determined for the respective unmodulated signal section of a received information signal.
  • the modulated signal section of the information signal can also be demodulated in order to decode and, in particular, evaluate the data content contained therein (e.g. user ID, authentication date, time stamp and / or the like).
  • the determined data can be provided to the position determination module 224.
  • the position determination module 224 is set up in particular to determine a first angle data based on the determined amplitude data and the determined phase data of the demodulated antenna signals.
  • the instantaneous position data of the sending mobile terminal device 230 can then be at least partially determined based at least on the first angular datum.
  • the mobile terminal device 230 can have a communication module with an antenna 232 in order to transmit the information signal (in particular periodically and / or almost continuously).
  • the reference numeral 234 indicates that the mobile terminal device 230 transmits the information signal in the present example.
  • the transmission can be controlled, for example, by an access application (not shown) that is installed on the mobile terminal device 230.
  • a transmission can be triggered by a trigger signal that is transmitted by a transmission device (not shown) of the access system.
  • a beacon can be provided which emits a trigger signal.
  • the trigger signal can contain a code that - after being received by the mobile Terminal 230 - when implemented by the mobile terminal 230 (controlled by an activated access application) causes the information signal to be transmitted.
  • the access application can be activated, for example, by the user or by a wake-up signal from a further transmission device (not shown) of the access system.
  • the position determination by the position determination module 224 is exemplified with the aid of Figures 3a and 3b described in more detail.
  • the position is determined based on the first angular datum and the RSSI (which can be determined in a known manner, for example, by an RSSI module (not shown)) of the information signal received by the gate antennas 210.
  • the position is determined in a polar coordinate system (it goes without saying that in practice a spherical coordinate system can also be provided).
  • the origin 336 of the polar coordinate system forms, for example, the center point of the array antenna arrangement 308 (for example a centrally arranged gate antenna).
  • the reference straight line 344 which lies in a horizontal plane, extends perpendicular to the front side of the gate.
  • the reference straight line 344 is in particular the polar axis 344 of the polar coordinate system.
  • the position data (e.g. in the form ⁇ r, ⁇ ) of the mobile terminal 330 can be formed by the first angular datum 338 and the radius 340, which is determined from the RSSI.
  • an angle data range and a radius range can be specified, in which the measurement tolerances are taken into account when determining the radius and angle.
  • the position data can therefore in particular indicate the area 342 in which the mobile terminal device 330 is currently located.
  • the position is determined based on the first angular datum 338.1 and a further angular datum 338.2, which was determined by an adjacent group antenna arrangement 308.2.
  • Adjacent means in particular that the group antenna arrangement is located at least in the same gate arrangement.
  • the group antenna arrangements 308.1, 308.2 are preferably immediately adjacent.
  • the position determination module 224 determines in particular the point of intersection of the first angle data 338.1 and the further angle data 338.2, as from FIG Figure 3b can be seen. In order to take the measurement tolerances into account, the respective angle data range can be used and the intersection range 342 can be determined. The position data can therefore in particular indicate the area 342 in which the mobile terminal device 330 is currently located.
  • the further angle data 338.2 can in particular be provided via the receiving device interface 226.
  • FIG. 11 shows a preferred embodiment of an information signal 446 in accordance with the present application.
  • information signal 446 may preferably be a Bluetooth version 5.X information signal.
  • the information signal 446 is formed from a modulated signal section 458 and an unmodulated signal section 456.
  • the modulated signal section 458 contains data content and can, for example, be a preamble 448 (e.g. 1 or 2 octets), an access-address field (e.g. 4 octets), a PDU ( Payload Data Unit) (e.g. 2 to 248 octets) and a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) (e.g. 3 octets).
  • a preamble 448 e.g. 1 or 2 octets
  • an access-address field e.g. 4 octets
  • PDU Payload Data Unit
  • CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
  • the unmodulated signal section 456 can comprise between 1 and 300 microseconds of unmodulated signal duration, preferably 16 to 160 microseconds.
  • the unmodulated signal section 456 can be a CTE (Constant Tone Extension). This is not removed from the information signal 446 in particular even in a so-called “whitening process”.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an access system 500 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below, and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements. It should also be noted that the gate has not been shown for the sake of a better overview. The illustrated embodiment is based in particular on the "Angle of Departure" scheme.
  • the array antenna arrangement 508 includes a gate transmitter 560, which is electrically coupled to the gate antennas 510.
  • the gate transmitting device 560 is set up in particular to control the transmission of a first group information signal 562.
  • the group information signal 562 is formed from a plurality of individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3, which are each emitted by the gate antennas 510.
  • An individual information signal 564.1, 564.2, 564.3 can be formed, for example, as in FIG Figure 4 shown.
  • the gate transmitting device 560 can be set up to control the transmission of the first group information signal 562 such that the respective unmodulated signal sections of the individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3 of the first group information signal each have a specific phase relationship have to each other. This can be known to a terminal receiving device 566. In particular, this can be taken into account when determining the position.
  • the mobile terminal 530 has a terminal receiving device 566, which is formed in particular as an access application 566 is.
  • the access application 566 is installed in particular as an app on the mobile terminal 530 (for example a smartphone 530).
  • the access application 566 comprises a plurality of software modules 568, 570, 572.
  • an antenna 532 can provide (digital) antenna signals to a receiving module 568 (via further elements such as filters, A / D converters, amplifiers, etc.).
  • the (digital) antenna signals are based on the received individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3.
  • the receiving module 568 is set up to receive antenna signals that are at least based on the respective unmodulated signal sections of individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3 of a group information signal 562 received by an antenna 532 of the mobile terminal 530.
  • the group information signal 562 from a group antenna arrangement 508 with a plurality of gate antennas 510 of a gate arranged adjacent to one another.
  • At least one position determination module 572 is provided in the access application 566, set up to determine position data of the mobile terminal 530 receiving the group information signal 562. This takes place in particular based on the unmodulated signal section of the group information signal 562, i.e. the respective unmodulated signal sections of the respective individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3 of the group information signal 562.
  • the access application 566 can in particular have a demodulation module 570.
  • the demodulation module 570 can demodulate the antenna signals (in particular in a manner analogous to the previous explanations). In particular, an amplitude data and a phase data can be used for each antenna signal to be provided. The data can be provided to the position determination module 572.
  • the position determination module 572 can determine the position data of the mobile terminal 530 (in particular in a manner analogous to the previous explanations), at least based on the provided amplitude and phase data of a first group antenna signal 562.
  • the position determination can be based on an RSSI of the group antenna signal 562. In particular, this can be done in a manner analogous to the explanations relating to Figure 3a take place.
  • the position determination module 572 can be set up to determine the position data of the mobile terminal 530 based on the demodulated first antenna signals and on the demodulated second antenna signals of a further group information signal.
  • the further group information signal can have been transmitted by a further group antenna arrangement arranged adjacent to the first group antenna arrangement (which can in particular be assigned to at least the same gate arrangement).
  • the respective individual information signals 564.1, 564.2, 564.3 in the corresponding modulated signal sections can contain at least one gate identifier as data content. Based on the gate identifier, the position determination module 572 can identify the transmitting gate or the corresponding array antenna arrangement.
  • the Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an access system 600 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below, and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements, in particular to the statements relating to Figure 5 .
  • the illustrated embodiment is based in particular on the "Angle of Departure" scheme.
  • the access system 600 has at least one gate arrangement 674 with a first gate 602.1 and at least one further gate 602.2.
  • a multiplicity of further gates can preferably be provided and / or the access system 600 can comprise a multiplicity of gate arrangements (arranged remotely from one another).
  • each gate 602.1, 602.2 the structure of the gate antennas (not shown in detail for the sake of a better overview) can be formed identically, in particular the same group antenna arrangement 608.1, 608.2 can be arranged.
  • each gate 602.1, 602.2 can be arranged at the same position in the gate housing 612. As can also be seen, all of the gates 602.1, 602.2 of the gate arrangement 674 are also arranged in a predetermined manner with respect to one another. In particular, the distance 686 is the same between each immediately adjacent gate 602.1, 602.2.
  • this can be the case with every gate arrangement of the access system.
  • This allows the electrical components and / or the position determination algorithm to be set more easily. Therefore, in particular, a gate arrangement can be installed more simply.
  • the so-called "Fine tuning" at the installation site of the gate arrangement can be carried out with less effort or can even be omitted entirely.
  • each gate 602.1, 602.2 in the present case comprises a local control module 676.1, 676.2.
  • the local control module 676.1, 676.2 is set up to control the respective gate 602.1, 602.2.
  • the control module 676.1, 676.2 can enable or disable passage of the respective gate 602.1, 602.2 for a user (as will be explained in more detail below by way of example).
  • a gate arrangement can also comprise only a single control module for controlling all the gates of the gate arrangement.
  • the present access system 600 comprises a back-end system 678.
  • the back-end system 678 can be formed from one or more servers, which are arranged remotely, for example.
  • the backend system 678 has at least one communication module 680, 688.
  • the at least one communication module 680, 688 is set up to communicate with a control module 676.1, 676.2 of a gate 602.1, 602.2 and / or with a mobile terminal 630. In the event that different transmission technologies are provided, a corresponding number of different communication modules 680, 688 be provided.
  • the mobile terminal 630 has, in particular, a previously described access application 666 (for the sake of a better overview, the individual modules are not shown). How it works is explained in more detail below with the aid of the Figure 8 explained.
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the present application, in particular for operating or executing an access application 666.
  • each group antenna arrangement 608.1, 608.2 transmits (periodically, almost continuously) said group information signals 662.1, 662.2.
  • a mobile terminal device 630 comes within range of at least one group antenna arrangement 608.1, 608.2, a (Bluetooth) antenna 632 receives the group information signal 662.1, 662.2 (or the respective individual information signals).
  • the antenna and further components such as filters, amplifiers, A / D converters, etc. can provide the respective antenna signals to an activated access application 666 or a terminal receiving device.
  • the antenna signals mentioned are received, in particular by at least one receiving module (which can in particular be formed as a bidirectional interface). These are based at least on the respective unmodulated signal sections of individual information signals of a group information signal 662.1, 662.2 received by an antenna of the mobile terminal device.
  • step 802 and 803 position data of the mobile terminal device 630 received the group information signal is determined. This is done at least based on the unmodulated signal sections of the individual information signals.
  • I&Q demodulation can be carried out by a demodulation module of the access application 666 in the manner described above.
  • the (current) position data of the mobile terminal device 630 can then be determined in step 803 in the manner described above.
  • the access application 666 sends out at least the determined position data.
  • a data record can be transmitted containing the gate identifier received by the at least one group information signal, at least an authentication date, such as a user ID (eg a user name, a terminal ID such as the IMEI, etc.) and / or ticket information. It goes without saying that further data can be included, such as a time stamp.
  • This data record can be transmitted to the backend system 678 via a communication network 682.
  • the backend system 678 can check the user identification and / or the authentication date. If the user is authorized to pass through the gate 602.1, 602.2 mentioned in the data record, the backend system 678 can forward at least the position data of the mobile terminal 630 to a control module 676.1, 676.2 (based on the gate identifier).
  • the additional sensor data possibly received via a further input 684 of the backend system 678, such as camera data, RF sensor data etc., can optionally be added to the position data.
  • a release date (and / or a user ID) can be transmitted, which indicates that the user is authorized to pass.
  • steps 801 to 804 can preferably be carried out periodically, almost continuously, in order to obtain a movement profile of the mobile terminal device 630.
  • This allows the correct gate 676.1, 676.2 to be released for the corresponding user at the correct time in a reliable manner (not too early, so that an unauthorized person could pass through the gate 676.1, 676.2; and also not too late, so that there is no delay in user movement he follows). This is made possible by the very precise registration of the user's position.
  • a gate 676.1, 676.2 can have an interface device (a reader) in order to record an authentication date, for example in the form of a readable access code, and to initiate a check (e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code , RFID identifier, another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.).
  • a reader e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code , RFID identifier, another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an access system 700 according to the present application.
  • the illustrated embodiment is based in particular on the "Angle of Arrival" scheme.
  • the gates have group antenna arrangements 708.1, 708.2, each of which has a gate receiving device.
  • the mobile terminal 730 has an (activated) access application which causes an information signal to be sent out.
  • the access application can be awakened, that is to say activated, by receiving a first beacon signal.
  • the access application can be prompted by the same signal or a further beacon signal to cause the information signal 734 to be transmitted (periodically, almost continuously).
  • Figure 9 shows a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the present application, in particular for operating a gate 702.1, 702.2.
  • an activated access application of a mobile terminal device 730 can cause an information signal 734 to be transmitted (periodically, almost continuously).
  • the information signal 734 can contain at least one authentication data item as data content, such as a user ID (e.g. a user name, a terminal ID such as the IMEI, etc.) and / or ticket information.
  • the gate antennas receive at least one array antenna arrangement 708.1, 708.2 of a gate 702.1, 702.2, des Information signal 734.
  • the information signal 734 contains at least one unmodulated signal section.
  • the gate antennas provide antenna signals which are each based on the unmodulated signal section of the information signal, as has already been described.
  • step 903 position data of the mobile terminal 730 transmitting the information signal 734 is determined, at least based on the unmodulated signal section of the information signal 734. As already described, a demodulation and then a position determination can in particular take place first.
  • the determined position data can be made available to a control module 776.1, 776.2 in step 904.
  • the data content of the information signal 734 can be made available to the control module 776.1, 776.2.
  • the authorization of the user to pass through the gate 702.1, 702.2 can be checked based on the at least one authentication date.
  • communication can take place with the backend system 778, which can in particular carry out a data comparison between the authentication date and stored user data.
  • the additional sensor data possibly received via a further input 784, such as camera data, etc., can optionally be made available to the control module 776.1, 776.2.
  • the control module 776.1, 776.2 can enable passage through the gate 702.1, 702.2, based on the position data (and possibly further sensor data) and, for example, the check result. In particular, a release can only take place if the verification of the authentication data shows that the user is authorized to pass through the gate 702.1, 702.2 and the position data show that the user actually wants to pass through the gate 702.1, 702.2. Otherwise the gate 702.1, 702.2 can remain blocked.
  • steps 901 to 904 can preferably be carried out periodically, almost continuously, in order to obtain a movement profile of the mobile terminal device 730.
  • the correct gate 702.1, 702.2 can be released for the user at the correct time in a reliable manner (not too early, so that an unauthorized person could pass the gate; and also not too late, so that there is no delay in the movement of the user). This is made possible by the very precise registration of the user's position.
  • a gate 702.1, 702.2 can have an interface device (a reader) in order to record an authentication date, for example in the form of a readable access code, and to initiate a check (e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code , RFID identifier, another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.).
  • a reader e.g. magnetic stripe code, barcode, QR code , RFID identifier, another readable user or mobile device identifier, etc.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
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