EP3907328B1 - Toilet paper - Google Patents
Toilet paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3907328B1 EP3907328B1 EP20766224.8A EP20766224A EP3907328B1 EP 3907328 B1 EP3907328 B1 EP 3907328B1 EP 20766224 A EP20766224 A EP 20766224A EP 3907328 B1 EP3907328 B1 EP 3907328B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- toilet paper
- toilet
- pulp
- ply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 167
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 cationic fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013054 paper strength agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical class NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002085 Dialdehyde starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000692870 Inachis io Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005150 glycerol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
- D21H27/004—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper characterised by specific parameters
- D21H27/005—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper characterised by specific parameters relating to physical or mechanical properties, e.g. tensile strength, stretch, softness
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/02—Chemical or chemomechanical or chemothermomechanical pulp
- D21H11/04—Kraft or sulfate pulp
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
- D21H21/24—Surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/16—Paper towels; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a toilet paper.
- a wiping property may be required when a shower toilet, which is also called a toilet with a washing function, is used (Patent Literature 1 below).
- Patent Literature 2 discloses a 4-6 ply toilet paper comprising a thickness of 350-550 micrometers, a basis weight of 40-75 g/m 2 and a water-degradability of 10-100 seconds.
- a toilet paper suitable for the shower toilet is a multi-ply product such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product because it is easy for a consumer to obtain a security feeling during use of thereof.
- pulp which is a fiber raw material
- a chlorine-based bleaching agent such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or sodium hypochlorite
- pulp is generally bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or sodium hypochlorite in order to increase whiteness.
- a chlorine-based bleaching agent such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or sodium hypochlorite
- a toilet paper is generally manufactured from a fiber raw material obtained by mixing hardwood-derived pulp with a short fiber length and softwood-derived pulp with a long fiber length.
- a toilet paper containing a large amount of hardwood-derived pulp that easily improves softness and a surface property is generally used.
- pulp that has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent contains a large amount of remaining lignin, and fibers thereof are hard.
- a toilet paper containing this pulp as a main fiber raw material hardness and surface roughness are easily felt.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a toilet paper that provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
- a first means to solve the above problems is a 3-ply or 4-ply toilet paper
- the above present invention provides a toilet paper that provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
- a toilet paper according to the present embodiment is a 3-ply or 4-ply product. That is, the toilet paper according to the present embodiment has three or four sheets stacked.
- the toilet paper is a product of multi-ply exceeding 2-ply, such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product, the paper thickness of the entire paper is large while each ply is thin, and the paper can be hardly torn and can provide a security feeling while particularly "softness" is easily felt.
- a 2-ply product hardly exhibits a thick feeling, and is likely to provide a poor security feeling when the paper absorbs a large amount of water and wipes the water after use in a shower toilet.
- the toilet paper is a 5 or more-ply product, even if each ply is thin, softness is hardly felt when the skin is wiped with the toilet paper.
- a 5 or more-ply product is used at the basis weight and the paper thickness per ply according to the present invention described later, and particularly an embossment is imparted to the toilet paper, strong rigidity is felt, and softness is hardly felt.
- the basis weight of each ply is 10.5 g/m 2 or more and 12.5 g/m 2 or less.
- the basis weight of each ply is preferably 10.6 g/m 2 or more and less than 12.4 g/m 2 , and more preferably 10.7 g/m 2 or more and 12.3 g/m 2 or less. If the basis weight of each ply is within this range, sufficient difficulty in tearing and favorable touch can be obtained when the above 3-ply or 4-ply product is used. In addition, water-disintegrability is easily exhibited.
- the basis weight according to the present invention is measured by the basis weight measuring method of JIS P 8124 (1998).
- the toilet paper according to the present invention needs to be made from softwood kraft pulp in which constituent main fibers, that is, 50% by mass or more of the constituent fibers are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention is preferably made from softwood kraft pulp in which 80% by mass or more the constituent fibers are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached, and particularly preferably softwood kraft pulp in which substantially 100% by mass of the constituent fibers without considering impurities and the like are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached.
- this softwood kraft pulp is also called NOKP, and is manufactured by continuously oxygen-pulping fibers in a continuous pulping pot, and particularly is not bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent thereafter.
- kraft pulp (KP) used for a toilet paper includes a bleached one and an unbleached one, and an unbleached one contains a large amount of lignin.
- the softwood kraft pulp according to the present invention has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent, but has been oxygen-pulped (oxygen-delignified). Therefore, about half of the content of lignin has been removed from the softwood kraft pulp.
- the chlorine-based bleaching agent means not only chlorine but also chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite. Therefore, ECF pulp is not the above softwood kraft pulp according to the present invention.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention contains 50% by mass or more, preferably 80 to 100% by mass or more of softwood kraft pulp that has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent but has been delignified by oxygen-pulping.
- the toilet paper is manufactured by using the softwood kraft pulp as a main fiber raw material, particularly as a whole fiber raw material. Therefore, the toilet paper provides a security feeling to a human body during use, and is environmentally friendly.
- a toilet paper containing 50% by mass or more of the softwood kraft pulp is light brown, is likely to give a visual impression of a natural product that has not been chemically treated, and gives a soft impression. Therefore, the toilet paper provides a large security feeling to a purchaser thereof.
- the toilet paper since the content of lignin has been reduced to about half of that before oxygen-pulping by the delignification treatment by oxygen-pulping. Therefore, the toilet paper exhibits softness more easily than a toilet paper containing pulp that has not been delignified at all as a raw material, and easily acquires a sufficient strength.
- the content of hardwood kraft pulp that is likely to reduce water-disintegrability can be at least less than 50% by mass, and particularly 0% by mass. The toilet paper easily exhibits favorable water-disintegrability, and hardly generates paper dust.
- softwood kraft pulp that contains lignin and has been oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached has a low fiber swelling property and a weak interfiber bond. Therefore, fibers are sparse, and water-disintegrability is favorable.
- softwood kraft pulp is derived from softwood, and therefore has a longer fiber length than hardwood-derived pulp. Therefore, softwood kraft pulp hardly generates paper dust, and has an excellent cushioning property in combination with lignin's action of preventing fibers from being dense.
- a fiber component other than oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp is not necessarily limited. However, it is desirable that oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp is used because the oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp has a light brown appearance and provides a security feeling that bleaching with a chlorine-based bleaching agent has not been performed. Virgin pulp or used paper pulp other than the oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp may be used.
- fibers in used paper pulp tend to be finer than pulp fibers before regeneration, and due to such a nature of the fibers, the fibers easily become dense without increasing a paper thickness, and paper strength easily increases. Meanwhile, if an excessive amount of used paper pulp is blended, texture such as flexibility is reduced. Therefore, in consideration of the characteristics of used paper pulp, the blending ratio thereof only needs to be set within a range of 0 to less than 20% by mass. Note that the type of used paper pulp is not necessarily limited. Used paper pulp made from milk carton used paper or high-quality used paper can be used.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention can be a toilet paper that provides an excellent thick feeling, has excellent water-disintegrability, has sufficient softness, hardly generates paper dust, provides a security feeling to a human body during use, and is environmentally friendly by containing 50 to 100% by mass of oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp, having a basis weight of 10.5 to 12.5 g/m 2 per ply, and being formed into a multi-ply product such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention is a non-moisturizer-applied paper to which a moisturizer has not been externally applied substantially.
- the moisturizer as an external additive according to the present invention is a polyol, examples of which include at least glycerin, diglycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
- inclusion of the above component is not denied as long as the content of the above component is so small that an influence thereof is at a level not being worthy of a moisturizing toilet paper.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention provides an excellent security feeling to a human body. When a moisturizer is applied to the toilet paper, stickiness and moist feeling peculiar to the moisturizer are felt, and therefore the above security feeling to a human body is reduced.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention contains a softener that determines softness and paper strength of a base paper itself, the softener being internally added during papermaking.
- the softener contained in the toilet paper according to the present invention is a cationic fatty acid amide-based softener.
- the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener does not reduce an effect due to inclusion of lignin, and acts to coat surfaces of the fibers. Even if the toilet paper contains a large amount of pulp containing lignin, the toilet paper has a smooth surface, remarkably reduces a stiff feeling, and enhances a fullness.
- the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is a reaction product between an amide-based compound obtained by a reaction between a polyalkylene polyamine and a monocarboxylic acid, and epihalohydrin. An effect is exhibited if this cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is used.
- the reaction product between an amide-based compound obtained by a reaction between a polyalkylene polyamine and a monocarboxylic acid, and epihalohydrin is internally added, the product is preferably mixed with an emulsifier having an alkyl group and/or an alkenyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and water and added.
- the content of the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is not necessarily limited. However, when a fixing ratio is 50 to 60%, the amount thereof added during manufacturing only needs to be 0.5 to 4.0 kg/pulp t.
- a softening moisturizer is internally added to the toilet paper. It is desirable that the content thereof is 0.2 to 2.0 kg/pulp t.
- a particularly preferable softening moisturizer is a reaction product obtained by causing a compound obtained by adding an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to active hydrogen of a polyalkyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 to react with a higher fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and/or an ester compound of a higher fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. By inclusion of this softening moisturizer, softness is further improved.
- each ply has a paper thickness of 80 to 100 um, and the toilet paper has an overall paper thickness of 320 to 400 um.
- the paper thickness of the toilet paper is obtained by sufficiently (usually for about eight hours) subjecting a test piece to humidity control under conditions of JIS P 8111 (1998), and then measuring the paper thickness in a 1-ply state using a dial thickness gauge (thickness measuring instrument) "PEACOCK G type" (manufactured by Ozaki MFG. Co. Ltd.) under the same conditions.
- the plunger is placed on the measuring table, a scale of the dial thickness gauge is moved to adjust a zero point, then the plunger is raised, a sample is placed on a test table, the plunger is lowered slowly, and the current gauge is read.
- measurement is performed such that one constituent concave (convex) is necessarily within a range of the measuring table. Note that when there are concaves with different depths, measurement is performed such that the deepest concave is located within the range of the measuring table. During this measurement, the plunger is only placed and not pressed.
- a terminal of the plunger is made of metal, and a circular plane thereof with a diameter of 10 mm strikes perpendicularly to a paper plane, and a load is about 70 gf when the paper thickness is measured.
- the paper thickness is an average of values obtained by performing the measurement 10 times.
- crushing of an embossment (concave) is assumed, but the paper thickness according to the present invention is a value measured including such crushing, and such crushing may be ignored.
- a difference in paper thickness caused by crushing of a concave can be ignored.
- the toilet paper contains pulp fibers that is not unbeaten. It is desirable that the beating degree of a papermaking raw material during manufacturing is not necessarily limited, but it is desirable to beat the papermaking raw material such that a down width of the Canadian standard freeness is 20cc to 50cc. This down width is much smaller than the beating width of a general papermaking raw material. In this case, the Canadian standard freeness of the papermaking raw material is approximately 600 cc or more.
- the toilet paper may be embossed.
- An emboss pattern thereof is not necessarily limited.
- An embossment can be an appropriate emboss pattern such as a micro-embossment, a dot-shaped embossment, or a design embossment.
- it is desirable that the emboss pattern according to the present invention is imparted in a ply stacked state called a single embossment.
- a suitable emboss pattern has a concave area of 1.0 to 2.5 mm 2 , a density of 5.0 to 50 pieces/cm 2 , and an embossment depth of 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
- Softness of the toilet paper is improved, and softness in a rolled state like a toilet roll is increased, which makes a consumer easily feel that the toilet paper is soft when the consumer holds the toilet paper in his/her hand.
- the depth of embossing is measured by a one-shot 3D measurement macroscope VR-3200 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION or its equivalent machine, and image analysis software "VR-H1A" or its equivalent software. Measurement is performed under conditions of a magnification of 12 times and a visual field area of 24 mm ⁇ 18 mm. However, the magnification and the visual field area can be appropriately changed depending on the size of an embossment (concave). A specific measurement procedure will be described with reference to Fig. 2 .
- an embossment depth (measurement cross-sectional curve) profile at a line segment Q1 crossing the longest portion of a peripheral edge of one embossment (concave) 40 in an image portion (X portion in the drawing) illustrated by a plane viewpoint is obtained.
- a "contour curve Q2" of an image portion (Y portion in the drawing) illustrated by a cross-sectional viewpoint is obtained by removing a component of surface roughness having a shorter wavelength than Ac: 800 um (provided that Xc is the "filter that defines a boundary between a roughness component and a waviness component" described in JIS-B0601 "3.1.1.2") from the cross-sectional curve of this embossment depth profile with a low pass filter.
- a contour E in the image illustrated by a plane viewpoint of the embossment (concave) 40 during the measurement may be referred to.
- the depth of an embossment (concave) is measured for the shortest portion in a direction perpendicular to the longest portion, and a larger value is adopted as the depth of the embossment (concave).
- the above measurement is performed for any 10 embossments on a surface of the toilet paper, and an average value thereof is defined as a final embossment depth.
- a contour of an embossment concave is visually confirmed from a 3D image obtained by measurement with a one-shot 3D measurement macroscope VR-3200 or its equivalent machine and image analysis software "VR-H1A" or its equivalent software, and an area inside the contour is measured.
- the above measurement is performed for any 10 embossments on a surface of the toilet paper, and an average value thereof is defined as a final area of the embossment concave.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention has water-disintegrability of 10 seconds or less, which is very fast. This is because 50% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, particularly 100% by mass of the constituent fibers is softwood kraft pulp containing lignin, and the fibers are easily loosened. If water-disintegrability is within 10 seconds, a risk of clogging a pipe is remarkably reduced when the toilet paper is discarded into running water in a flush toilet or the like. This water-disintegrability (easiness of loosening) is measured according to JIS P 4501 (1993).
- a 300 mL beaker containing 300 mL of water (water temperature 20 ⁇ 5°C) is placed on a magnetic stirrer, and the rotation speed of a rotor is adjusted to 600 ⁇ 10 revolutions/minute.
- a test piece of a 100 ⁇ 2 mm square is put into the beaker, and a stopwatch is pressed.
- the rotation speed of the rotor once drops to about 500 revolutions due to a resistance of the test piece, and rises as the test piece is loosened. When this rotation speed recovers to 540 revolutions, the stopwatch is stopped, and the time is measured in units of one second.
- a result of easiness of loosening is expressed by an average of results of five tests.
- the rotor has a disk shape having a diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 12 mm.
- the toilet paper has a longitudinal dry tensile strength of 500 cN/25 mm or more and 1200 cN/25 mm or less, more preferably 600 cN/25 mm or more and 1000 cN/25 mm or less. It is desirable that the toilet paper has a lateral dry tensile strength of 200 cN/25 mm or more and 450 cN/25 mm or less, more preferably 200 cN/25 mm or more and 350 cN/25 mm or less. If the dry tensile strength is within this range, the toilet paper is sufficiently durable for use.
- the longitudinal direction of paper is also referred to as MD (Machine Direction) and is a flow direction during papermaking.
- the lateral direction of paper is also referred to as CD (Cross Direction), and is a direction perpendicular to a flow direction (MD) during papermaking.
- the dry tensile strength is a value measured based on JIS P 8113 (2006), and is measured as follows.
- As a test piece a tissue paper cut into a size of about 25 mm ( ⁇ 0.5 mm) (width) ⁇ about 150 mm (length) in both MD and CD is used. The test piece is measured in a state of multiple plies.
- As a tester a load cell tensile tester TG-200N manufactured by Minebea Co., Ltd.
- a grip interval is set to 100 mm
- a tensile speed is set to 100 mm/min.
- the measurement is performed by tightening both ends of the test piece to a grip of the tester, applying a tensile load to the paper piece in an up-down direction, and reading an indicated value (a digital value when the value is indicated by the digital value) when the paper breaks.
- Five sets of samples are prepared in each of MD and CD, and each sample is measured five times. An average of the measured values is defined as a dry tensile strength in each of the directions.
- the toilet paper has a wet tensile strength in MD of 50 cN/25 mm or more and 100 cN/25 mm or less. It is desirable that the toilet paper has a wet tensile strength in CD of 15 cN/25 mm or more and 70 cN/25 mm or less.
- the wet tensile strength is a value measured based on JIS P 8135 (1998), and is measured as follows. As a test piece, a tissue paper cut into a size of about 25 mm ( ⁇ 0.5 mm) (width) ⁇ about 150 mm (length) in both MD and CD is used. A multi-ply tissue paper is measured in a state of multiple plies.
- a load cell tensile tester TG-200N manufactured by Minebea Co., Ltd. and its equivalent machine are used as a tester. Note that a grip interval is set to 100 mm, and a tensile speed is set to 50 mm/min.
- the test piece used has been cured for 10 minutes in a dryer at 105°C. The measurement is performed by tightening both ends of the test piece to a grip of the tester, then horizontally imparting water to a central portion of the test piece with a width of about 10 mm using a flat brush containing water, immediately thereafter applying a tensile load to the paper piece in an up-down direction, and reading an indicated value (digital value) when the paper breaks.
- the toilet paper has an MMD value of 7.5 or more and 11.0 or less, which is an indicator indicating a surface property.
- MMD is less than 7.5, the surface is too smooth, and a wiping property deteriorates.
- MMD exceeds 11.0, the toilet paper may have poor touch and may be unsuitable for use as a toilet paper.
- the friction element is formed by adjoining 20 piano wires P each having a diameter of 0.5 mm, and has a contact surface formed such that the length and the width are both 10 mm. On the contact surface, a unit bulging portion having a tip formed with 20 piano wires P (radius of curvature: 0.25 mm) is formed.
- the toilet paper of the present embodiment has Softness of 2.0 cN/100 mm or more and 3.5 cN/100 mm or less.
- Softness is one of indicators of softness, in which paper is softer as the paper has a lower value of Softness.
- a tissue paper or a toilet paper having Softness of 3.5 cN/100mm or less is evaluated to be soft.
- Softness is a value measured based on a handle-o-meter method according to the JIS L 1096 E method (1990). However, a test piece has a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and a clearance is set to 5 mm.
- a 1-ply product is measured five times in each of MD and CD, and an average of the total 10 values is defined as Softness. Softness is unitless, but may be expressed in units of cN/100 mm considering the size of a test piece.
- the dry tensile strength and the wet tensile strength can be adjusted without using a paper strength agent such as a dry paper strength enhancer or a wet paper strength enhancer.
- a paper strength agent such as a dry paper strength enhancer or a wet paper strength enhancer.
- the toilet paper contains no paper strength agent from a viewpoint of a user's security feeling.
- a large amount (80% by mass or more, particularly 100% by mass) of softwood kraft pulp having a long fiber length in the toilet paper entanglement between the fibers is ensured, and sufficient strength for use can be achieved even if the toilet paper contains no paper strength agent.
- the toilet paper contains lignin, and therefore also has excellent water-disintegrability. That is, sufficient strength can be ensured without using a paper strength agent, and excellent water-disintegrability can be further achieved.
- the toilet paper of the present embodiment does not use a dry paper strength enhancer or a wet paper strength enhancer as described above, but the toilet paper may use the dry paper strength enhancer or the wet paper strength enhancer as necessary as long as water-disintegrability is not impaired.
- the dry paper strength enhancer here include starch, polyacrylamide, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or salt thereof such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose and zinc carboxymethyl cellulose.
- wet paper strength enhancer examples include a polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin resin, a urea resin, an acid colloid/melamine resin, heat-crosslinkable coating PAM, TS-20 manufactured by Seiko PMC Corporation, a polymer aldehyde-functional compound such as glioxylated polyacrylamide and cationic glioxylated polyacrylamide, a copolymer of an acrylamide monomer modified with a divalent aldehyde of glyoxal and another copolymerizable unsaturated monomer, and dialdehyde starch.
- a polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin resin a urea resin, an acid colloid/melamine resin, heat-crosslinkable coating PAM, TS-20 manufactured by Seiko PMC Corporation
- a polymer aldehyde-functional compound such as glioxylated polyacrylamide and cationic glioxylated polyacrylamide
- the toilet paper of the present embodiment may have a sheet-like shape.
- the toilet paper is suitably in a form of a toilet roll obtained by winding a belt-shaped toilet paper 10 around a paper tube (also referred to as a tube core) 20 into a roll shape.
- the toilet roll has a winding diameter L2 (diameter) of 110 to 115 mm.
- the winding diameter of the toilet roll is defined as 120 mm or less in JIS P 4501, and a holder for setting a general toilet roll is created based on this 120 mm.
- the toilet roll has a winding diameter of 110 to 115 mm, and has a size that can be sufficiently set in a general holder.
- the winding diameter is a value measured using a diameter rule manufactured by Muratec KDS Corporation or its equivalent machine. An average of measured values at three different locations in a width direction is used as a measured value. Note that an average value for five rolls is used as an average value for products in the same manufacturing lot.
- the toilet roll has a winding length of 20 to 40m and a winding density of 0.20 to 0.30 m/cm 2 at this time.
- the winding density here is a value calculated by winding length (m)/actual cross-sectional area.
- the actual cross-sectional area is a value calculated by ⁇ (winding diameter/2) ⁇ (winding diameter/2) ⁇ ⁇ - (paper tube outer diameter/2) ⁇ (paper tube outer diameter/2) ⁇ n ⁇ (unit: cm 2 ). That is, the actual cross-sectional area is an area obtained by subtracting the area of the paper tube on an opening end side from the area of an end surface.
- a paper tube outer diameter (paper tube diameter) L3 is 35 to 45 mm ⁇ , which is similar to a general size.
- the toilet paper has a roll winding tightness of 1.8 to 3.0 mm.
- a "handy compression tester KES-G5" manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. is used to measure the roll winding tightness (mm) (T0 - TM).
- a toilet roll TR is placed horizontally on a horizontal pedestal made of a steel plate such that a central axis of the toilet roll TR is horizontal.
- a steel plate terminal having a circular plane with a compression area of 2 cm 2 is brought into contact with the center of an upper surface of an outer periphery of a roll trunk. With this contacted state as a zero point, the steel plate terminal is moved vertically downward at a speed of 10 mm/min from the zero point to compress the toilet roll.
- T0 - TM (mm) is defined as a roll winding tightness (mm), in which T0 (mm) represents the amount of pushing when a compression load is 0.5 gf/cm 2 , and TM (mm) represents the amount of pushing when the compression load is 50 gf/cm 2 .
- the toilet roll has a compression work amount (WC) of 3.5 to 5.5 gf ⁇ cm/cm 2 .
- the compression work amount (WC) is a work amount from a time point when a steel plate terminal is brought into contact with a roll at 0.5 gf/cm 2 to a time point of pushing at a maximum load of 50 gf/cm 2 .
- the toilet paper contains oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp containing lignin and having a long fiber length in an amount of 50% by mass or more of fibers, in which a bond between the fibers is moderately weak. Therefore, when the toilet paper is formed into the above roll form, the toilet paper has an excellent cushioning property, and softness is easily felt when the toilet paper is held in the hand as described above.
- Reference Example has a general fiber structure equivalent to a product using pulp bleached with chlorine-based bleaching agent, which is also called a bleached product, and contains a larger amount of LBKP, which is hardwood pulp, than NBKP, which is softwood pulp.
- Comparative Examples 5 and 6 are commercially available products each containing unbleached pulp. In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the basis weight and the paper thickness are particularly higher than those in Examples.
- An embossment of each of Reference Example, Examples, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 had the pattern illustrated in Fig. 1 .
- Comparative Example 3 was evaluated as 4 points (median), and scoring was performed from 7 points for a good evaluation to 1 point for a poor evaluation with a difference for one point up or down, and an average value thereof was calculated for judgement.
- Examples of the present invention show much better sensory evaluation results than Comparative Examples 5 to 7, which are conventional unbleached products, in “softness”, “fullness”, “thick feeling”, “tear and strength during use”, and “how small the paper dust amount during use is”.
- Examples of the present invention show sensory evaluation results equivalent to or higher than the bleached product (Reference Example) in “softness”, “fullness”, “thick feeling”, “tear and strength during use”, and “how small the paper dust amount during use is”.
- each of Examples of the present invention uses softwood pulp having a long fiber length as 100% by mass raw material pulp, and has high freeness, but obtained sensory evaluation results equivalent to or higher than the bleached product (Reference Example) using a papermaking raw material containing a large amount of LBKP with a short fiber length and having a low freeness. That is, each of Examples of the present invention has quality equivalent to the bleached product (Reference Example) while providing a security feeling provided by the unbleached product.
- Example 1 is compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4, it is evaluated that paper dust is much less likely to be generated in Example 1.
- the compression work amount was larger than those in Reference Example and Comparative Examples, and more softness was felt when the toilet paper in the roll form was held in the hand.
- the toilet paper according to the present invention provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a toilet paper.
- In a toilet paper, a wiping property may be required when a shower toilet, which is also called a toilet with a washing function, is used (Patent Literature 1 below).
- Patent Literature 2 (see below) discloses a 4-6 ply toilet paper comprising a thickness of 350-550 micrometers, a basis weight of 40-75 g/m2 and a water-degradability of 10-100 seconds.
- It is desirable that a toilet paper suitable for the shower toilet is a multi-ply product such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product because it is easy for a consumer to obtain a security feeling during use of thereof.
- Incidentally, in a toilet paper, pulp, which is a fiber raw material, is generally bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or sodium hypochlorite in order to increase whiteness. However, there is also a demand for, for example, an environmentally friendly product made from pulp for which the chlorine-based bleaching agent is not used among consumers who place importance on a security feeling to a human body and consideration for environment.
- In addition, a toilet paper is generally manufactured from a fiber raw material obtained by mixing hardwood-derived pulp with a short fiber length and softwood-derived pulp with a long fiber length. Mainly, a toilet paper containing a large amount of hardwood-derived pulp that easily improves softness and a surface property is generally used.
-
- Patent Literature 1:
JP 2011-153387 A - Patent Literature 2:
JP 2010-202986 A - However, pulp that has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent contains a large amount of remaining lignin, and fibers thereof are hard. For a toilet paper containing this pulp as a main fiber raw material, hardness and surface roughness are easily felt.
- Meanwhile, in order for softness to be easily felt, it is known that the strength of paper is lowered by increasing the blending amount of hardwood pulp. However, when the blending amount of hardwood pulp is increased, water-disintegrability easily deteriorates. In particular, in a multi-ply product, water-disintegrability easily deteriorates. Therefore, a multi-ply product having a larger blending amount of hardwood pulp may be unsuitable for use in a shower toilet.
- Furthermore, since hardwood pulp has a short fiber length, paper dust is likely to be generated. Furthermore, when a softener is used, paper dust is more likely to be generated.
- Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a toilet paper that provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
- A first means to solve the above problems is a 3-ply or 4-ply toilet paper
- containing oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp in an amount of 50 to 100% by mass of fibers, and
- a cationic fatty acid amide-based softener,
- wherein each ply has a basis weight of 10.5 to 12.5 g/m2 and a paper thickness of 80 to 100 um, and
- the toilet paper has an overall paper thickness of 320 to 400 um and water-disintegrability of 10 seconds or less. Advantageous Effects of Invention
- The above present invention provides a toilet paper that provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
-
-
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embossment according to an embodiment. -
Fig. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a procedure for measuring the depth of the embossment. -
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a toilet roll according to an embodiment of the present invention. - A toilet paper according to the present embodiment is a 3-ply or 4-ply product. That is, the toilet paper according to the present embodiment has three or four sheets stacked. When the toilet paper is a product of multi-ply exceeding 2-ply, such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product, the paper thickness of the entire paper is large while each ply is thin, and the paper can be hardly torn and can provide a security feeling while particularly "softness" is easily felt.
- Note that a 2-ply product hardly exhibits a thick feeling, and is likely to provide a poor security feeling when the paper absorbs a large amount of water and wipes the water after use in a shower toilet. In addition, when the toilet paper is a 5 or more-ply product, even if each ply is thin, softness is hardly felt when the skin is wiped with the toilet paper. In addition, when a 5 or more-ply product is used at the basis weight and the paper thickness per ply according to the present invention described later, and particularly an embossment is imparted to the toilet paper, strong rigidity is felt, and softness is hardly felt.
- On the other hand, in the toilet paper according to the present embodiment, the basis weight of each ply is 10.5 g/m2 or more and 12.5 g/m2 or less. The basis weight of each ply is preferably 10.6 g/m2 or more and less than 12.4 g/m2, and more preferably 10.7 g/m2 or more and 12.3 g/m2 or less. If the basis weight of each ply is within this range, sufficient difficulty in tearing and favorable touch can be obtained when the above 3-ply or 4-ply product is used. In addition, water-disintegrability is easily exhibited. Note that the basis weight according to the present invention is measured by the basis weight measuring method of JIS P 8124 (1998).
- On the other hand, the toilet paper according to the present invention needs to be made from softwood kraft pulp in which constituent main fibers, that is, 50% by mass or more of the constituent fibers are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached. The toilet paper according to the present invention is preferably made from softwood kraft pulp in which 80% by mass or more the constituent fibers are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached, and particularly preferably softwood kraft pulp in which substantially 100% by mass of the constituent fibers without considering impurities and the like are oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached. More specifically, this softwood kraft pulp is also called NOKP, and is manufactured by continuously oxygen-pulping fibers in a continuous pulping pot, and particularly is not bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent thereafter. Here, kraft pulp (KP) used for a toilet paper includes a bleached one and an unbleached one, and an unbleached one contains a large amount of lignin. The softwood kraft pulp according to the present invention has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent, but has been oxygen-pulped (oxygen-delignified). Therefore, about half of the content of lignin has been removed from the softwood kraft pulp. Note that the chlorine-based bleaching agent means not only chlorine but also chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite. Therefore, ECF pulp is not the above softwood kraft pulp according to the present invention.
- The toilet paper according to the present invention contains 50% by mass or more, preferably 80 to 100% by mass or more of softwood kraft pulp that has not been bleached with a chlorine-based bleaching agent but has been delignified by oxygen-pulping. In other words, the toilet paper is manufactured by using the softwood kraft pulp as a main fiber raw material, particularly as a whole fiber raw material. Therefore, the toilet paper provides a security feeling to a human body during use, and is environmentally friendly. Note that particularly a toilet paper containing 50% by mass or more of the softwood kraft pulp is light brown, is likely to give a visual impression of a natural product that has not been chemically treated, and gives a soft impression. Therefore, the toilet paper provides a large security feeling to a purchaser thereof.
- Meanwhile, since the content of lignin has been reduced to about half of that before oxygen-pulping by the delignification treatment by oxygen-pulping. Therefore, the toilet paper exhibits softness more easily than a toilet paper containing pulp that has not been delignified at all as a raw material, and easily acquires a sufficient strength. In addition, the content of hardwood kraft pulp that is likely to reduce water-disintegrability can be at least less than 50% by mass, and particularly 0% by mass. The toilet paper easily exhibits favorable water-disintegrability, and hardly generates paper dust.
- In addition, since lignin is not hydrophilic, softwood kraft pulp that contains lignin and has been oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached has a low fiber swelling property and a weak interfiber bond. Therefore, fibers are sparse, and water-disintegrability is favorable. Furthermore, softwood kraft pulp is derived from softwood, and therefore has a longer fiber length than hardwood-derived pulp. Therefore, softwood kraft pulp hardly generates paper dust, and has an excellent cushioning property in combination with lignin's action of preventing fibers from being dense.
- A fiber component other than oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp is not necessarily limited. However, it is desirable that oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp is used because the oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp has a light brown appearance and provides a security feeling that bleaching with a chlorine-based bleaching agent has not been performed. Virgin pulp or used paper pulp other than the oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached hardwood kraft pulp may be used. In a step of regenerating pulp from used paper, fibers in used paper pulp tend to be finer than pulp fibers before regeneration, and due to such a nature of the fibers, the fibers easily become dense without increasing a paper thickness, and paper strength easily increases. Meanwhile, if an excessive amount of used paper pulp is blended, texture such as flexibility is reduced. Therefore, in consideration of the characteristics of used paper pulp, the blending ratio thereof only needs to be set within a range of 0 to less than 20% by mass. Note that the type of used paper pulp is not necessarily limited. Used paper pulp made from milk carton used paper or high-quality used paper can be used.
- The toilet paper according to the present invention can be a toilet paper that provides an excellent thick feeling, has excellent water-disintegrability, has sufficient softness, hardly generates paper dust, provides a security feeling to a human body during use, and is environmentally friendly by containing 50 to 100% by mass of oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp, having a basis weight of 10.5 to 12.5 g/m2 per ply, and being formed into a multi-ply product such as a 3-ply or 4-ply product.
- On the other hand, it is desirable that the toilet paper according to the present invention is a non-moisturizer-applied paper to which a moisturizer has not been externally applied substantially. The moisturizer as an external additive according to the present invention is a polyol, examples of which include at least glycerin, diglycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol. However, inclusion of the above component is not denied as long as the content of the above component is so small that an influence thereof is at a level not being worthy of a moisturizing toilet paper. The toilet paper according to the present invention provides an excellent security feeling to a human body. When a moisturizer is applied to the toilet paper, stickiness and moist feeling peculiar to the moisturizer are felt, and therefore the above security feeling to a human body is reduced.
- On the other hand, the toilet paper according to the present invention contains a softener that determines softness and paper strength of a base paper itself, the softener being internally added during papermaking. The softener contained in the toilet paper according to the present invention is a cationic fatty acid amide-based softener. The cationic fatty acid amide-based softener does not reduce an effect due to inclusion of lignin, and acts to coat surfaces of the fibers. Even if the toilet paper contains a large amount of pulp containing lignin, the toilet paper has a smooth surface, remarkably reduces a stiff feeling, and enhances a fullness. As a specific example of the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener, it is desirable that the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is a reaction product between an amide-based compound obtained by a reaction between a polyalkylene polyamine and a monocarboxylic acid, and epihalohydrin. An effect is exhibited if this cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is used. Note that when the reaction product between an amide-based compound obtained by a reaction between a polyalkylene polyamine and a monocarboxylic acid, and epihalohydrin is internally added, the product is preferably mixed with an emulsifier having an alkyl group and/or an alkenyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and water and added. The content of the cationic fatty acid amide-based softener is not necessarily limited. However, when a fixing ratio is 50 to 60%, the amount thereof added during manufacturing only needs to be 0.5 to 4.0 kg/pulp t.
- Furthermore, it is desirable that a softening moisturizer is internally added to the toilet paper. It is desirable that the content thereof is 0.2 to 2.0 kg/pulp t. By inclusion of the softening moisturizer, suppleness is improved. A particularly preferable softening moisturizer is a reaction product obtained by causing a compound obtained by adding an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to active hydrogen of a polyalkyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 to react with a higher fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and/or an ester compound of a higher fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. By inclusion of this softening moisturizer, softness is further improved.
- In the toilet paper according to the present invention, each ply has a paper thickness of 80 to 100 um, and the toilet paper has an overall paper thickness of 320 to 400 um. When the paper thicknesses of each ply and the toilet paper are within this range, an excellent fullness, excellent softness, and a reassuring thick feeling can be provided. The paper thickness of the toilet paper is obtained by sufficiently (usually for about eight hours) subjecting a test piece to humidity control under conditions of JIS P 8111 (1998), and then measuring the paper thickness in a 1-ply state using a dial thickness gauge (thickness measuring instrument) "PEACOCK G type" (manufactured by Ozaki MFG. Co. Ltd.) under the same conditions. Specifically, it is confirmed that there is no rubbish, dust, or the like between a plunger and a measuring table, the plunger is placed on the measuring table, a scale of the dial thickness gauge is moved to adjust a zero point, then the plunger is raised, a sample is placed on a test table, the plunger is lowered slowly, and the current gauge is read. When the toilet paper is embossed, measurement is performed such that one constituent concave (convex) is necessarily within a range of the measuring table. Note that when there are concaves with different depths, measurement is performed such that the deepest concave is located within the range of the measuring table. During this measurement, the plunger is only placed and not pressed. A terminal of the plunger is made of metal, and a circular plane thereof with a diameter of 10 mm strikes perpendicularly to a paper plane, and a load is about 70 gf when the paper thickness is measured. Note that the paper thickness is an average of values obtained by performing the
measurement 10 times. Here, when the paper thickness is measured, crushing of an embossment (concave) is assumed, but the paper thickness according to the present invention is a value measured including such crushing, and such crushing may be ignored. In the present paper thickness measurement, a difference in paper thickness caused by crushing of a concave can be ignored. - It is desirable that the toilet paper contains pulp fibers that is not unbeaten. It is desirable that the beating degree of a papermaking raw material during manufacturing is not necessarily limited, but it is desirable to beat the papermaking raw material such that a down width of the Canadian standard freeness is 20cc to 50cc. This down width is much smaller than the beating width of a general papermaking raw material. In this case, the Canadian standard freeness of the papermaking raw material is approximately 600 cc or more. By preventing the pulp fibers from being beaten too much and preventing the pulp fibers from being unbeaten in this way, the softener is easily fixed to surfaces of the fibers when the softener is internally added so as to be contained, and the fibers are moderately entangled with each other. A small desired paper thickness is easily obtained, excellent softness is achieved, and a favorable fullness is provided. Moreover, paper dust is extremely unlikely to be generated. The paper thickness can be further adjusted with a crepe ratio.
- The toilet paper may be embossed. An emboss pattern thereof is not necessarily limited. An embossment can be an appropriate emboss pattern such as a micro-embossment, a dot-shaped embossment, or a design embossment. However, it is desirable that the emboss pattern according to the present invention is imparted in a ply stacked state called a single embossment.
- A suitable emboss pattern has a concave area of 1.0 to 2.5 mm2, a density of 5.0 to 50 pieces/cm2, and an embossment depth of 0.05 to 0.5 mm. Softness of the toilet paper is improved, and softness in a rolled state like a toilet roll is increased, which makes a consumer easily feel that the toilet paper is soft when the consumer holds the toilet paper in his/her hand. In particular, as illustrated in
Fig. 1 , on the entire surface of paper, square concaves 31 (Fig. 1A ) in each of which a bottom surface is diagonal L4 × diagonal L4 = 1.0 to 1.5 × 1.0 to 1.5 mm or substantially square concaves 32 (Fig. 1B ) obtained by extending corners of the squares diagonally outward are arranged in a lattice with a center spacing L5 of 4.5 to 5.5 mm and an arrangement angle of 45° with respect to a width direction, and there is avalley line portion 33 extending from each of the corners of the concave between the concave 31 (32) and the concave 31 (32). Note that it is desirable that thevalley line portion 33 is gradually gently formed in a cross-sectional arch such that thevalley line portion 33 is deepest in the corners of the concave 31 (32) and shallowest in the middle between the concaves. This emboss pattern is excellent in softness and a stool wiping property. - The depth of embossing is measured by a one-shot 3D measurement macroscope VR-3200 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION or its equivalent machine, and image analysis software "VR-H1A" or its equivalent software. Measurement is performed under conditions of a magnification of 12 times and a visual field area of 24 mm × 18 mm. However, the magnification and the visual field area can be appropriately changed depending on the size of an embossment (concave). A specific measurement procedure will be described with reference to
Fig. 2 . Using the above software, an embossment depth (measurement cross-sectional curve) profile at a line segment Q1 crossing the longest portion of a peripheral edge of one embossment (concave) 40 in an image portion (X portion in the drawing) illustrated by a plane viewpoint is obtained. A "contour curve Q2" of an image portion (Y portion in the drawing) illustrated by a cross-sectional viewpoint is obtained by removing a component of surface roughness having a shorter wavelength than Ac: 800 um (provided that Xc is the "filter that defines a boundary between a roughness component and a waviness component" described in JIS-B0601 "3.1.1.2") from the cross-sectional curve of this embossment depth profile with a low pass filter. In this contour curve Q2, a minimum value sandwiched between two concave edge points P1 and P2 that are protruding upward and have the strongest bend and concave edge points P1 and P2 is determined and defined as a minimum depth value Min. Furthermore, an average value of the depth values of the concave edge points P1 and P2 is defined as a maximum depth value Max. In this way, embossment depth = maximum value Max - minimum value Min. In addition, a distance (length) between the concave edge points P1 and P2 on the X-Y plane is defined as the length of the longest portion. The above two concave edge points P1 and P2 that are protruding upward and have the strongest bend are visually selected. Note that for the selection, a contour E in the image illustrated by a plane viewpoint of the embossment (concave) 40 during the measurement may be referred to. Similarly, the depth of an embossment (concave) is measured for the shortest portion in a direction perpendicular to the longest portion, and a larger value is adopted as the depth of the embossment (concave). The above measurement is performed for any 10 embossments on a surface of the toilet paper, and an average value thereof is defined as a final embossment depth. - Note that also for the area of each concave of the emboss pattern, a contour of an embossment concave is visually confirmed from a 3D image obtained by measurement with a one-shot 3D measurement macroscope VR-3200 or its equivalent machine and image analysis software "VR-H1A" or its equivalent software, and an area inside the contour is measured. The above measurement is performed for any 10 embossments on a surface of the toilet paper, and an average value thereof is defined as a final area of the embossment concave.
- The toilet paper according to the present invention has water-disintegrability of 10 seconds or less, which is very fast. This is because 50% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, particularly 100% by mass of the constituent fibers is softwood kraft pulp containing lignin, and the fibers are easily loosened. If water-disintegrability is within 10 seconds, a risk of clogging a pipe is remarkably reduced when the toilet paper is discarded into running water in a flush toilet or the like. This water-disintegrability (easiness of loosening) is measured according to JIS P 4501 (1993). In a test for easiness of loosening, a 300 mL beaker containing 300 mL of water (
water temperature 20 ± 5°C) is placed on a magnetic stirrer, and the rotation speed of a rotor is adjusted to 600 ± 10 revolutions/minute. A test piece of a 100 ± 2 mm square is put into the beaker, and a stopwatch is pressed. The rotation speed of the rotor once drops to about 500 revolutions due to a resistance of the test piece, and rises as the test piece is loosened. When this rotation speed recovers to 540 revolutions, the stopwatch is stopped, and the time is measured in units of one second. A result of easiness of loosening is expressed by an average of results of five tests. The rotor has a disk shape having a diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. - It is desirable that the toilet paper has a longitudinal dry tensile strength of 500 cN/25 mm or more and 1200 cN/25 mm or less, more preferably 600 cN/25 mm or more and 1000 cN/25 mm or less. It is desirable that the toilet paper has a lateral dry tensile strength of 200 cN/25 mm or more and 450 cN/25 mm or less, more preferably 200 cN/25 mm or more and 350 cN/25 mm or less. If the dry tensile strength is within this range, the toilet paper is sufficiently durable for use.
- Note that the longitudinal direction of paper is also referred to as MD (Machine Direction) and is a flow direction during papermaking. The lateral direction of paper is also referred to as CD (Cross Direction), and is a direction perpendicular to a flow direction (MD) during papermaking. The dry tensile strength is a value measured based on JIS P 8113 (2006), and is measured as follows. As a test piece, a tissue paper cut into a size of about 25 mm (± 0.5 mm) (width) × about 150 mm (length) in both MD and CD is used. The test piece is measured in a state of multiple plies. As a tester, a load cell tensile tester TG-200N manufactured by Minebea Co., Ltd. and its equivalent machine are used. Note that a grip interval is set to 100 mm, and a tensile speed is set to 100 mm/min. The measurement is performed by tightening both ends of the test piece to a grip of the tester, applying a tensile load to the paper piece in an up-down direction, and reading an indicated value (a digital value when the value is indicated by the digital value) when the paper breaks. Five sets of samples are prepared in each of MD and CD, and each sample is measured five times. An average of the measured values is defined as a dry tensile strength in each of the directions.
- It is desirable that the toilet paper has a wet tensile strength in MD of 50 cN/25 mm or more and 100 cN/25 mm or less. It is desirable that the toilet paper has a wet tensile strength in CD of 15 cN/25 mm or more and 70 cN/25 mm or less. The wet tensile strength is a value measured based on JIS P 8135 (1998), and is measured as follows. As a test piece, a tissue paper cut into a size of about 25 mm (± 0.5 mm) (width) × about 150 mm (length) in both MD and CD is used. A multi-ply tissue paper is measured in a state of multiple plies. As a tester, a load cell tensile tester TG-200N manufactured by Minebea Co., Ltd. and its equivalent machine are used. Note that a grip interval is set to 100 mm, and a tensile speed is set to 50 mm/min. The test piece used has been cured for 10 minutes in a dryer at 105°C. The measurement is performed by tightening both ends of the test piece to a grip of the tester, then horizontally imparting water to a central portion of the test piece with a width of about 10 mm using a flat brush containing water, immediately thereafter applying a tensile load to the paper piece in an up-down direction, and reading an indicated value (digital value) when the paper breaks. Five sets of samples are prepared in each of MD and CD, and each sample is measured five times. An average of the measured values is defined as a wet tensile strength in each of the directions. Wet tensile strength was also measured in a stack of a plurality of sheets according to the number of plies of a product.
- It is desirable that the toilet paper has an MMD value of 7.5 or more and 11.0 or less, which is an indicator indicating a surface property. When the MMD is less than 7.5, the surface is too smooth, and a wiping property deteriorates. When the MMD exceeds 11.0, the toilet paper may have poor touch and may be unsuitable for use as a toilet paper. Note that in measuring MMD, while a contact surface of a friction element is brought into contact with a surface of a measurement sample to which a tension of 20 g/cm is applied in a predetermined direction at a contact pressure of 25 g, the measurement sample is moved by 2 cm in substantially the same direction as the direction in which the tension is applied at a speed of 0.1 cm/s, and a friction coefficient at this time is measured using a friction sense tester KES-SE (manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.) or its equivalent machine. A value obtained by dividing the friction coefficient by a friction distance (moving distance = 2 cm) is MMD. The friction element is formed by adjoining 20 piano wires P each having a diameter of 0.5 mm, and has a contact surface formed such that the length and the width are both 10 mm. On the contact surface, a unit bulging portion having a tip formed with 20 piano wires P (radius of curvature: 0.25 mm) is formed.
- It is desirable that the toilet paper of the present embodiment has Softness of 2.0 cN/100 mm or more and 3.5 cN/100 mm or less. Softness is one of indicators of softness, in which paper is softer as the paper has a lower value of Softness. A tissue paper or a toilet paper having Softness of 3.5 cN/100mm or less is evaluated to be soft. Softness is a value measured based on a handle-o-meter method according to the JIS L 1096 E method (1990). However, a test piece has a size of 100 mm × 100 mm, and a clearance is set to 5 mm. A 1-ply product is measured five times in each of MD and CD, and an average of the total 10 values is defined as Softness. Softness is unitless, but may be expressed in units of cN/100 mm considering the size of a test piece.
- In the toilet paper according to the present embodiment, the dry tensile strength and the wet tensile strength can be adjusted without using a paper strength agent such as a dry paper strength enhancer or a wet paper strength enhancer. In particular, it is desirable that the toilet paper contains no paper strength agent from a viewpoint of a user's security feeling. By blending a large amount (80% by mass or more, particularly 100% by mass) of softwood kraft pulp having a long fiber length in the toilet paper entanglement between the fibers is ensured, and sufficient strength for use can be achieved even if the toilet paper contains no paper strength agent. Moreover, the toilet paper contains lignin, and therefore also has excellent water-disintegrability. That is, sufficient strength can be ensured without using a paper strength agent, and excellent water-disintegrability can be further achieved.
- Note that it is desirable that the toilet paper of the present embodiment does not use a dry paper strength enhancer or a wet paper strength enhancer as described above, but the toilet paper may use the dry paper strength enhancer or the wet paper strength enhancer as necessary as long as water-disintegrability is not impaired. Examples of the dry paper strength enhancer here include starch, polyacrylamide, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or salt thereof such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose and zinc carboxymethyl cellulose.
- Examples of the wet paper strength enhancer include a polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin resin, a urea resin, an acid colloid/melamine resin, heat-crosslinkable coating PAM, TS-20 manufactured by Seiko PMC Corporation, a polymer aldehyde-functional compound such as glioxylated polyacrylamide and cationic glioxylated polyacrylamide, a copolymer of an acrylamide monomer modified with a divalent aldehyde of glyoxal and another copolymerizable unsaturated monomer, and dialdehyde starch.
- On the other hand, the toilet paper of the present embodiment may have a sheet-like shape. However, as illustrated in
Fig. 3 , the toilet paper is suitably in a form of a toilet roll obtained by winding a belt-shapedtoilet paper 10 around a paper tube (also referred to as a tube core) 20 into a roll shape. - It is desirable that the toilet roll has a winding diameter L2 (diameter) of 110 to 115 mm. The winding diameter of the toilet roll is defined as 120 mm or less in JIS P 4501, and a holder for setting a general toilet roll is created based on this 120 mm. The toilet roll has a winding diameter of 110 to 115 mm, and has a size that can be sufficiently set in a general holder. Here, the winding diameter is a value measured using a diameter rule manufactured by Muratec KDS Corporation or its equivalent machine. An average of measured values at three different locations in a width direction is used as a measured value. Note that an average value for five rolls is used as an average value for products in the same manufacturing lot.
- Meanwhile, it is desirable that the toilet roll has a winding length of 20 to 40m and a winding density of 0.20 to 0.30 m/cm2 at this time. The winding density here is a value calculated by winding length (m)/actual cross-sectional area. The actual cross-sectional area is a value calculated by {(winding diameter/2) × (winding diameter/2) × π- (paper tube outer diameter/2) × (paper tube outer diameter/2) × n} (unit: cm2). That is, the actual cross-sectional area is an area obtained by subtracting the area of the paper tube on an opening end side from the area of an end surface. In the above roll form, when the toilet paper according to the present invention has a winding density of 0.20 to 0.28 m/cm2, softness is remarkably felt when the roll is held in the hand on a peripheral surface thereof. Note it is desirable that a paper tube outer diameter (paper tube diameter) L3 is 35 to 45 mmϕ, which is similar to a general size.
- It is desirable that the toilet paper has a roll winding tightness of 1.8 to 3.0 mm. A "handy compression tester KES-G5" manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. is used to measure the roll winding tightness (mm) (T0 - TM). A toilet roll TR is placed horizontally on a horizontal pedestal made of a steel plate such that a central axis of the toilet roll TR is horizontal. A steel plate terminal having a circular plane with a compression area of 2 cm2 is brought into contact with the center of an upper surface of an outer periphery of a roll trunk. With this contacted state as a zero point, the steel plate terminal is moved vertically downward at a speed of 10 mm/min from the zero point to compress the toilet roll. (T0 - TM) (mm) is defined as a roll winding tightness (mm), in which T0 (mm) represents the amount of pushing when a compression load is 0.5 gf/cm2, and TM (mm) represents the amount of pushing when the compression load is 50 gf/cm2. The larger the roll winding tightness (mm), the larger a pushing depth at the time of pushing at a maximum load of 50 gf/cm2, which indicates that the paper is fluffy. That is, this corresponds to a fullness. Note that the above winding length and winding density can sufficiently provide the winding tightness.
- Furthermore, it is desirable that the toilet roll has a compression work amount (WC) of 3.5 to 5.5 gf·cm/cm2. The compression work amount (WC) is a work amount from a time point when a steel plate terminal is brought into contact with a roll at 0.5 gf/cm2 to a time point of pushing at a maximum load of 50 gf/cm2. The larger the compression work amount (WC), the weaker a repulsive force at an initial stage of pushing. Therefore, at a moment when the roll is grabbed, the roll is felt to be soft. Thereafter, when the compression load is raised to 50 gf/cm2 at which the roll is usually grabbed, the roll can be evaluated to be soft and fluffy.
- The toilet paper contains oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp containing lignin and having a long fiber length in an amount of 50% by mass or more of fibers, in which a bond between the fibers is moderately weak. Therefore, when the toilet paper is formed into the above roll form, the toilet paper has an excellent cushioning property, and softness is easily felt when the toilet paper is held in the hand as described above.
- Hereinafter, the effect of the toilet paper according to the present invention will be further described with reference to Examples.
- Next, for Reference Example, Examples, and Comparative Examples relating to the toilet paper of the present invention, sensory evaluation was performed on "softness", "fullness", "thick feeling", "tear and strength during use", and "how small the paper dust amount during use is". The structure of the toilet roll and the physical properties and composition of the toilet paper according to each example are illustrated in Table 1 below. Reference Example has a general fiber structure equivalent to a product using pulp bleached with chlorine-based bleaching agent, which is also called a bleached product, and contains a larger amount of LBKP, which is hardwood pulp, than NBKP, which is softwood pulp. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 are commercially available products each containing unbleached pulp. In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the basis weight and the paper thickness are particularly higher than those in Examples. An embossment of each of Reference Example, Examples, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 had the pattern illustrated in
Fig. 1 . - For the sensory evaluation, 18 subjects actually used the rolled toilet paper according to each example, and performed relative evaluation on each item of "softness", "fullness", "thick feeling", "tear and strength during use", and "how small the paper dust amount during use is" based on Comparative Example 6 (conventional product). In the evaluation, Comparative Example 3 was evaluated as 4 points (median), and scoring was performed from 7 points for a good evaluation to 1 point for a poor evaluation with a difference for one point up or down, and an average value thereof was calculated for judgement.
[Table 1] Reference Example Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Comparative Example 7 Bleached/Unbleached Bleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Unbleached Pulp NUKP % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - NOKP 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 - - - NBKP 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - LUKP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - LOKP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - LBKP 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - Freeness 430 cc 640 cc 640 cc Unbeaten Unbeaten Unbeaten Unbeaten - - - Softener Fatty acid-based softener kg/T 0.85 0.85 0.85 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 - - - Softening moisturizer kg/T 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 - - - Crepe ratio % 20 18 18 20 20 20 20 - - - Basis weight g/m2 15.0 11.0 12.0 15.0 12.9 15.0 15.6 15.4 15.5 15.1 Paper thickness Single ply µm 100 86 91 138 135 135 142 92 105 96 Total plies µm 400 343 364 553 540 405 365 367 315 287 Number of plies Sheet 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 Dry tensile strength MD cN/25mm 720 767 897 739 477 565 758 763 579 1397 Dry tensile strength CD cN/25mm 320 261 298 376 243 305 386 393 461 364 Softness cN/100 mm 2.1 2.6 3.2 2.6 1.9 2.2 2.7 3.6 3.5 4.9 MMD 1/100 7.0 9.5 9.5 9.1 9.0 9.0 8.8 12.1 13.5 15.3 Water-disintegrability Second 17 8.5 8.5 8 8 8 8 108 49 Unmeasurable (large) Winding length m 23.0 26 26 23.0 23.0 30.6 30.6 24.0 22.9 32.0 Winding diameter mm 117 117 117 116 117 117 117 104 95 104 Paper tube diameter Outer diameter mm 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 43 45 40 Winding density m/cm2 0.24 0.27 0.28 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.34 0.31 0.33 Roll density g/cm3 0.146 0.121 0.133 0.149 0.126 0.146 0.152 0.210 0.194 0.200 Roll width mm 104 104 104 103 104 104 104 108 95 102 Perforation pitch mm 114 114 114 116 117 114 114 130 105 110 Embossment - Present Present Present Present Present Present Present Absent Absent Absent Winding tightness (roll) 0.5-50gf/cm2 mm 1.60 2.60 2.22 2.11 2.06 2.12 2.12 0.64 0.54 0.52 WC (Compression work amount) gf-cm/cm2 3.16 5.25 4.49 4.23 4.39 4.19 4.29 1.09 0.96 0.97 Softness 1 to 7 6.3 6.7 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.1 4.2 4.0 4.4 Fullness 1 to 7 5.1 6.6 6.5 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.0 3.9 4.0 4.0 Thick feeling 1 to 7 4.9 4.5 4.5 6.8 6.6 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.7 Tear and strength during use 1 to 7 6.2 5.8 5.9 6.7 6.1 6.1 6.4 3.7 4.0 3.7 How small paper dust amount during use is 1 to 7 4.7 4.5 4.5 2.9 3.5 3.4 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 - Examples of the present invention show much better sensory evaluation results than Comparative Examples 5 to 7, which are conventional unbleached products, in "softness", "fullness", "thick feeling", "tear and strength during use", and "how small the paper dust amount during use is". In addition, Examples of the present invention show sensory evaluation results equivalent to or higher than the bleached product (Reference Example) in "softness", "fullness", "thick feeling", "tear and strength during use", and "how small the paper dust amount during use is". That is, each of Examples of the present invention uses softwood pulp having a long fiber length as 100% by mass raw material pulp, and has high freeness, but obtained sensory evaluation results equivalent to or higher than the bleached product (Reference Example) using a papermaking raw material containing a large amount of LBKP with a short fiber length and having a low freeness. That is, each of Examples of the present invention has quality equivalent to the bleached product (Reference Example) while providing a security feeling provided by the unbleached product.
- Furthermore, when Example 1 is compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4, it is evaluated that paper dust is much less likely to be generated in Example 1.
- In the form of the toilet roll, in Examples of the present invention, the compression work amount was larger than those in Reference Example and Comparative Examples, and more softness was felt when the toilet paper in the roll form was held in the hand.
- As described above, the toilet paper according to the present invention provides a thick feeling that can make a user reassured during use thereof in a shower toilet, has sufficient softness, does not easily generate paper dust, has excellent water-disintegrability, and provides a security feeling to a human body during use thereof.
-
- 1
- Toilet roll
- 10
- Toilet paper
- 20
- Paper tube (tube core)
- L1
- Winding diameter (diameter) of toilet roll
- L2
- Diameter of tube core of toilet roll
- L3
- Width of toilet roll
- 31, 32
- Concave
- 33
- Valley line portion
Claims (1)
- A 3-ply or 4-ply toilet paper, comprising:oxygen-pulped and non-chlorine-bleached softwood kraft pulp in an amount of 50 to 100% by mass of fibers; anda cationic fatty acid amide-based softener,wherein each ply has a basis weight of 10.5 to 12.5 g/m2 and a thickness of 80 to 100 um, andthe toilet paper has an overall thickness of 320 to 400 um and a water-disintegrability of 10 seconds or less.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019040905A JP7175801B2 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Toilet Paper |
PCT/JP2020/005222 WO2020179379A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-12 | Toilet paper |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3907328A1 EP3907328A1 (en) | 2021-11-10 |
EP3907328A4 EP3907328A4 (en) | 2022-10-05 |
EP3907328B1 true EP3907328B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
Family
ID=72337560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20766224.8A Active EP3907328B1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-12 | Toilet paper |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220127790A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3907328B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7175801B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102683635B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113330158B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020179379A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20230374733A1 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-11-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Embossed tissue |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7066600B2 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-05-13 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Tissue paper |
CN116590951A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-08-15 | 维达护理用品(中国)有限公司 | Preparation method of fluffy base paper |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6896768B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2005-05-24 | Fort James Corporation | Soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same |
CN100595379C (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2010-03-24 | 大王制纸株式会社 | Sanitary thin paper and process for producing the same |
KR101181063B1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2012-09-07 | 다이오 페이퍼 코퍼레이션 | Sanitary thin paper and process for producing the same |
US20060037724A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Kao Corporation | Bulky water-disintegratable cleaning article and process of producing water-disintergratable paper |
JP4570669B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2010-10-27 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Sanitary tissue paper |
JP5394684B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2014-01-22 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Sanitary tissue paper |
JP5497310B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2014-05-21 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Water-degradable sanitary thin paper and toilet paper roll |
JP5317995B2 (en) | 2010-01-26 | 2013-10-16 | 日本製紙クレシア株式会社 | Toilet paper for toilets with cleaning function |
JP5395101B2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-01-22 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Toilet paper manufacturing method |
JP6034004B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2016-11-30 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Toilet Paper |
JP6036435B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2016-11-30 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Papermaking method and sanitary paper obtained thereby |
JP2015163742A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-10 | 日本製紙株式会社 | sanitary paper |
JP6131301B2 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-05-17 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Interpersonal wipes |
JP6210567B2 (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-10-11 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Tissue paper |
JP6069452B1 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Toilet Paper |
JP6930069B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2021-09-01 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Sanitary paper |
US10724173B2 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2020-07-28 | Mercer International, Inc. | Multi-density tissue towel products comprising high-aspect-ratio cellulose filaments |
JP6235674B1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-11-22 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Tissue paper |
JP7084717B2 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2022-06-15 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Toilet Paper |
CN108179647B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-03-23 | 日照华泰纸业有限公司 | Preparation method of chlorine-free slightly-bleached softwood pulp |
-
2019
- 2019-03-06 JP JP2019040905A patent/JP7175801B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-12 WO PCT/JP2020/005222 patent/WO2020179379A1/en unknown
- 2020-02-12 US US17/436,145 patent/US20220127790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-02-12 EP EP20766224.8A patent/EP3907328B1/en active Active
- 2020-02-12 KR KR1020217027641A patent/KR102683635B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2020-02-12 CN CN202080010190.9A patent/CN113330158B/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20230374733A1 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-11-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Embossed tissue |
US12091820B2 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-09-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Embossed tissue |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102683635B1 (en) | 2024-07-09 |
JP2020141870A (en) | 2020-09-10 |
JP7175801B2 (en) | 2022-11-21 |
WO2020179379A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
KR20210134645A (en) | 2021-11-10 |
CN113330158B (en) | 2022-11-15 |
EP3907328A1 (en) | 2021-11-10 |
CN113330158A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
US20220127790A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
EP3907328A4 (en) | 2022-10-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3907328B1 (en) | Toilet paper | |
JP6930069B2 (en) | Sanitary paper | |
JP5485520B2 (en) | Sanitary thin paper and method for producing the same | |
JP2009240721A5 (en) | ||
EP3733034B1 (en) | Toilet paper | |
EP3865035A1 (en) | Toilet paper | |
EP3951052A1 (en) | Toilet paper and method for producing toilet paper | |
CA2957329A1 (en) | Fibrous structures | |
JP7493328B2 (en) | Toilet roll | |
WO2023053494A1 (en) | Toilet paper roll | |
WO2023053495A1 (en) | Toilet paper roll | |
JP6985323B2 (en) | Toilet Paper | |
WO2023053496A1 (en) | Toilet paper roll | |
JP2023051120A5 (en) | ||
JP2023051121A5 (en) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210803 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 602020022337 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: D21C0003000000 Ipc: D21H0027000000 Ref legal event code: R079 Ipc: D21H0027000000 |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20220901 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: D21H 27/30 20060101ALI20220826BHEP Ipc: A47K 10/16 20060101ALI20220826BHEP Ipc: D21H 17/07 20060101ALI20220826BHEP Ipc: D21C 3/00 20060101ALI20220826BHEP Ipc: D21H 27/00 20060101AFI20220826BHEP |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230331 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230630 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602020022337 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240307 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240307 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240306 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240228 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240220 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1638514 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240306 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Payment date: 20240214 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240226 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240406 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240406 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240408 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240408 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231206 |