EP3899525A1 - Méthode de séparation et de quantification de composés dans un mélange d'hydrocarbures - Google Patents
Méthode de séparation et de quantification de composés dans un mélange d'hydrocarburesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3899525A1 EP3899525A1 EP19828249.3A EP19828249A EP3899525A1 EP 3899525 A1 EP3899525 A1 EP 3899525A1 EP 19828249 A EP19828249 A EP 19828249A EP 3899525 A1 EP3899525 A1 EP 3899525A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- mixture
- supercritical fluid
- solvent
- use according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/64—Electrical detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/84—Preparation of the fraction to be distributed
- G01N2030/8447—Nebulising, aerosol formation or ionisation
- G01N2030/8452—Generation of electrically charged aerosols or ions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
- G01N2030/8809—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86 analysis specially adapted for the sample
- G01N2030/884—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86 analysis specially adapted for the sample organic compounds
- G01N2030/8854—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86 analysis specially adapted for the sample organic compounds involving hydrocarbons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2835—Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for separating and quantifying compounds, in particular polymeric and non-polymeric additives, in a mixture of hydrocarbons.
- Fuels are mixtures of hydrocarbons from the refining of crude oil.
- synthetic molecules called additives, are added in small proportions.
- additives can, for example, improve fuel performance, pass basic tests, etc.
- additives can be polymeric or non-polymeric additives.
- hydrocarbon mixtures are complex mixtures and it is difficult to be able to selectively extract particular compounds or classes of compounds, to be able to identify and quantify them in a simple and effective manner.
- An objective of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of separation and quantification of compounds, in particular additives, for example polymeric or non-polymeric additives, in a mixture of hydrocarbons.
- Another object of the present invention is also to provide such a method allowing the separation, quantification and identification, of compounds polymers, in particular polymeric additives, in a mixture of hydrocarbons.
- the present invention relates to the use of a coupling chromatography in supercritical phase and CAD detector for the separation and the quantification of compounds in a mixture of hydrocarbons.
- mixture of hydrocarbons is understood to mean mixtures resulting from the refining of crude oil.
- the chemical composition of these mixtures varies in particular depending on the geographic origin, but they all include aromatic compounds from the benzene family, alkenes, alkanes and cycloalkanes.
- hydrocarbon mixtures mention may in particular be made of:
- compositions which comprise light hydrocarbons with predominantly heptane and optionally organic oxygenated compounds in an amount preferably less than or equal to 3.7% by volume;
- compositions comprising heavier hydrocarbons essentially cetane and optionally methyl esters of fatty acids in a maximum proportion of 8% by volume.
- mixtures of hydrocarbons can comprise various compounds, in particular called additives, of any type making it possible in particular to improve the properties of mixtures of hydrocarbons such as, for example, improving performance, in particular maintaining the cleanliness of the engine, in particular by limiting or avoiding the formation of deposits or by reducing the deposits already present in the internal parts of the combustion engine.
- additives can be polymeric or non-polymeric compounds.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to separate and quantify all the elements of a hydrocarbon mixture other than the hydrocarbons as such.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the separation and quantification of polymers preferably having a molar mass of between 500 and 4000 g / mol, preferably between 1000 and 2000 g / mol.
- the target polymers according to the invention are polymers comprising a polar hydrophilic head, preferably of small size, for example between 15 and 150 g / mol, preferably between 20 and 60 g / mol, and a non-polar lipophilic hydrocarbon chain.
- the target polymer can also comprise rings, for example pyrrolidone.
- the polar hydrophilic head is preferably an amine (NH 2 or quaternary amine) or OH function (for example sorbitan ester, oleate, glycerol, acid, etc.).
- the method according to the invention is particularly well suited for target polymers having an amine function, in particular NH 2 , such as for example a group ((CH 2 ) 2 NH) X - (CH 2 ) y -NH 2 in which x is an integer between 1 and 20 preferably between 2 and 10 and y is an integer between 1 and 8, preferably between 2 and 5, or a group CH 2 -CH (CH 2 CH 3 ) -NH 2 or OH (for example sorbitan ester, oleate, glycerol, acid, etc.).
- the hydrocarbon mixtures are diesel compositions, in particular diesel B7.
- the compounds are polymers different from polyethylene glycols (PEG) and their derivatives.
- PEG polyethylene glycols
- the mobile phase of chromatography in the supercritical phase is a supercritical fluid comprising CO 2 .
- the mobile phase can also comprise a co-solvent, for example alcohol, in particular isopropanol or methanol, preferably methanol.
- the mobile phase comprises 60 to 100% by volume of supercritical CO 2 and 0 to 40% by volume of alcohol, for example isopropanol or methanol, preferably methanol.
- a mobile phase gradient comprising from 2 to 25% by volume of alcohol, for example isopropanol or methanol, preferably methanol and from 98 to 75% by volume of supercritical CO2.
- supercritical CO 2 is understood to mean a CO 2 fluid maintained at a temperature and a pressure higher than the critical temperatures and pressure of 31.1 ° C. and 7.39 ⁇ 10 e Pa respectively.
- the fixed phase (chromatography column) used can be any column known to a person skilled in the art.
- the volume of mixture of hydrocarbons injected in the chromatography in supercritical phase is between 2 and 10 mI, preferably between 5 and 8 mI.
- the flow rate of the mobile phase is between 0.5 and 1 ml / min, preferably between 0.7 and 0.9 ml / min.
- the SFC column is at a temperature of approximately 38 ° C, the pressure is controlled to be approximately 1.24.10 7 Pa.
- the compounds to be analyzed generally begin to elute from the SFC column from a mobile phase gradient comprising 17% alcohol, preferably MeOH, and a pressure of approximately 3.10 ⁇ 10 7 Pa (system pressure SFC).
- Step b) is implemented with a CAD detector, preferably CAD Corona ⁇ .
- Step b) preferably uses an isocratic solvent.
- the term “isocratic solvent” is understood to mean a solvent whose composition does not change over time, unlike the use of a solvent gradient.
- the solvent used is a solvent or mixture of polar solvents, for example alcohol or acetonitrile, for example methanol or acetonitrile.
- the isocratic solvent can comprise 5 to 15 mM of ammonium formate.
- the isocratic solvent is preferably mixed the outgoing flow of the SFC before entering the CAD.
- the flow rate of the isocratic solvent is between 0.1 and 1 ml / min, preferably between 0.3 and 0.6 mg / min.
- the use of an isocratic solvent before the CAD detector makes it possible to have a quantification method applicable to any compound and this from a single standard curve.
- the areas under the peaks are directly proportional to the concentration of compounds in the starting hydrocarbon mixture, whatever the nature of the compound analyzed.
- this calibration curve can then be used whatever the compound to analyze.
- the use of an isocratic solvent according to the invention also makes it possible to overcome the problems of baseline.
- the medium is nebulized, for example under a flow of nitrogen, then evaporated to remove the mobile phase and the volatile compounds, in particular at a temperature between 30 and 100 ° C., by example between 50 and 90 ° C.
- the particles obtained are positively charged with a flow of nitrogen preferably subjected to a high potential (Corona discharge).
- An electrometer measures the resulting charged particles, the signal obtained being a function of the analyte concentration.
- step b) is carried out at a temperature between 30 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 90 ° C.
- the gas pressure during nebulization is between 0.2 MPa and 0.4 MPa.
- the coupling of the supercritical fluid chromatography and the CAD detector makes it possible to considerably reduce the limits of detection of the compounds in the hydrocarbon mixtures, thus making it possible to detect and quantify the compounds present in concentrations up to 100 ppm or even up to 50 ppm.
- the method of the invention can also include a step of determining the nature of the compound to be analyzed (identification method), for example by mass spectrometry.
- identity method for example by mass spectrometry.
- the medium from the separation column by supercritical fluid is mixed with the isocratic solvent and then injected into a separator. A fraction of the medium is then injected into the mass spectrometer, the other being injected at the level of the CAD detector.
- the present invention also relates to a device for implementing the method according to the invention, said device comprising:
- a container comprising the co-solvent for the supercritical fluid and a means for mixing the supercritical fluid and the co-solvent;
- a means of injecting a fraction from the separator into the mass spectrometer optionally, a means of injecting a fraction from the separator into the mass spectrometer.
- the supercritical fluid, the co-solvent, the mixture of hydrocarbons, the isocratic solvent being as defined above.
- Such a device is notably described in FIG. 1.
- FIG 1 is a representation of a device allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention. The present invention will now be described with the aid of nonlimiting examples.
- Example 1 Separation of a polymer 1 in a Diesel B7 mixture
- Polymer 1 is a polymer comprising a basic Mannich polar head
- ISM Isocratic solvent
- the eluent of the chromatographic system is nebulized under a flow of nitrogen, the resulting aerosol is transported to a "drying" tube where the volatile compounds and the mobile phase are evaporated.
- the dried particles will be positively charged with a second stream of nitrogen subjected to a high potential (Corona discharge).
- An electrometer measures the resulting charged particles. The signal will depend on the concentration of the analyte
- Example 2 Separation of a polymer 2 in a Diesel B7 mixture
- Polymer 2 is a polyetheramine
- the method according to the invention is implemented on several mixtures of Diesel B7 comprising a mixture of polymers 1 and 2 at concentrations of 0 to 1000 ppm.
- the conditions of SFC, CAD are identical to those of example 1.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1873083A FR3090112B1 (fr) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Méthode de séparation et de quantification de composés dans un mélange d’hydrocarbures |
| PCT/EP2019/085329 WO2020127032A1 (fr) | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-16 | Méthode de séparation et de quantification de composés dans un mélange d'hydrocarbures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3899525A1 true EP3899525A1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
| EP3899525B1 EP3899525B1 (fr) | 2024-04-17 |
Family
ID=66641050
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19828249.3A Active EP3899525B1 (fr) | 2018-12-17 | 2019-12-16 | Méthode de séparation et de quantification de composés dans un mélange d'hydrocarbures, utilisation et dispositif correspondants |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3899525B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3090112B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020127032A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112147251B (zh) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-04-08 | 安徽瑞思威尔科技有限公司 | 一种五味子酒中42种有效成分的UPC2-PDA-Q-Tof/MS检测方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040214341A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-28 | Fedorova Galina V. | Analytical method for the detection and quantitation of fuel additives |
| WO2008127617A1 (fr) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-23 | Alltech Associates Inc. | Procédé et appareil pour l'analyse d'un échantillon tel qu'un échantillon de carburant biodiesel |
| US9702856B2 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2017-07-11 | Waters Technologies Corporation | System and method for rapid analysis of polymer additives |
| CA2937755A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | University Of Wyoming Research Corporation D/B/A Western Research Institute | Appareil de separation et d'analyse hydrocarbures volatils |
-
2018
- 2018-12-17 FR FR1873083A patent/FR3090112B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-16 WO PCT/EP2019/085329 patent/WO2020127032A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-16 EP EP19828249.3A patent/EP3899525B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020127032A1 (fr) | 2020-06-25 |
| FR3090112B1 (fr) | 2021-07-30 |
| FR3090112A1 (fr) | 2020-06-19 |
| EP3899525B1 (fr) | 2024-04-17 |
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