EP3897984A1 - Procédé et système pour détecter une activité catalytique d'au moins un composé d'intérêt - Google Patents
Procédé et système pour détecter une activité catalytique d'au moins un composé d'intérêtInfo
- Publication number
- EP3897984A1 EP3897984A1 EP19848794.4A EP19848794A EP3897984A1 EP 3897984 A1 EP3897984 A1 EP 3897984A1 EP 19848794 A EP19848794 A EP 19848794A EP 3897984 A1 EP3897984 A1 EP 3897984A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic activity
- interest
- compound
- rheological agent
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/10—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using catalysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to the field of methods and systems for detecting a catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest.
- degradation enzymes are an essential tool for generating biofuels from biomass rich in lignocellulosic elements, or for degrading synthetic polymers.
- catalytic polymerization activity is useful in many fields of application for the synthesis of texturizing agents or of agents controlling the rheological properties of industrial products.
- document WO2018 / 220189 describes for example a method for detecting the sensitivity of one or more polymers, and or of one or more mixtures of polymers, to a compound.
- This process consists in exposing micro-deposits to this compound, then in detecting by interferometry a variation in appearance of a set of micro-deposits exposed to the compound and / or a variation in dimensions and / or in the refractive index. at least one micro-deposit exposed to the compound.
- the document WO2012 / 004536 describes a method for the detection of a catalytic activity which is based on a colorimetric device using an optical interference phenomenon. It is also possible to use experimental devices which have the disadvantage of being sophisticated and very expensive (mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, etc.).
- the present invention proposes a new approach for detecting a catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest, which relies on the self- organization of particles during the evaporation of a drop deposited on a support and on the analysis of the pattern generated on this support by the particles at the level of the dried drop.
- a step of depositing, on a surface, at minus one drop comprising:
- At least one rheological agent capable of being modified from an initial state to a final state in the presence of said catalytic activity, said initial / final states being capable of generating two different configurations (patterns) of said at least one deposit of particles ,
- the present invention consists in using this self-organization of the particles during evaporation, in order to propose an original screening method (advantageously high throughput) which is intended to discover and discriminate catalytic activities .
- the modification of the configuration of the deposition of particles is used to detect catalytic activities.
- the initial / final states are thus capable of generating two different configurations of said at least one deposit of particles, namely for example:
- - Said “initial” state is intended to generate a first configuration advantageously chosen from a “coffee stain” (in which the particles are distributed in a peripheral annular form), a maltese cross, the presence of aggregates, star or no pattern, and
- - Said "final" state is intended to generate a second configuration, different from the first configuration, in which said second configuration is changed according to a pattern which can advantageously be a coffee stain, a maltese cross, a presence of 'aggregates, star or lack of pattern.
- this catalytic activity is advantageously responsible for a modification of said at least one rheological agent (from the initial state to the final state) which results in a change in the speed of movement of the particles. linked to a change in rheology or to gelling, aggregation, interaction, etc. within the drop, because if necessary involved in reactions in particular of polymerization, depolymerization, gelation, etc.
- said at least one rheological agent is capable of being modified from an initial state, inactive or active, to a final state, respectively active or inactive, in the presence of said catalytic activity.
- the inactive / active states are capable of generating two different configurations of said at least one particle deposit:
- the appearance or alteration of the "coffee stain" effect is used to detect catalytic activities which are advantageously responsible for a change in the speed of movement of the particles linked to a modification of the rheology or to phenomena of gelation, aggregation, interaction, etc. within the drop, because involved in reactions in particular of polymerization, depolymerization, gelation, etc.
- Said at least one rheological agent is chosen from agents acting on the dynamic viscosity of said drop, with a dynamic viscosity value in the inactive state which is less than a dynamic viscosity value in the active state (for example, with in the inactive state a dynamic viscosity value lower than l OmPa.s, and in the active state a dynamic viscosity value greater than 2 mPa.s);
- Said at least one rheological agent is in an initial inactive state and in an active final state, for detecting a catalytic activity of polymerization, crosslinking, gelling, aggregation, insolubilization, or said at least one rheological agent is in a state initial active and in an inactive final state, to detect a catalytic activity of depolymerization, hydrolysis;
- Said at least one rheological agent is chosen from polymer precursors or polymers, advantageously biopolymers, preferably capable of forming a gel / hydrogel;
- the particles consist of nanoparticles, for example cellulose nanoparticles
- the particles consist of particles composed of an optically active material and / or capable of self-organizing to form optically active structures
- the deposition step consists of depositing a plurality of drops containing different concentrations of said at least one compound of interest and / or at least two compounds of different interest (or even different concentrations of particles and / or of said at least one rheological agent);
- the evaporation step is adjusted to run over a time of less than 5 hours, preferably ranging from 10 to 60 minutes.
- said catalytic activity is a catalytic activity of degradation (for example lytic or depolymerization), advantageously a catalytic activity of the hydrolase type, preferably chosen from a glycosidase, amidase, esterase, ether-hydrolase activity. , phytase or phosphorylase, for example also chosen from the rheological agent / compound of interest pair:
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- catalytic activity is a catalytic polymerization activity, advantageously a catalytic activity of the polymerase type, for example also chosen from the rheological agent / compound of interest combination:
- the invention also provides a system for detecting a catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest, by implementing a method according to the invention, which detection system comprises:
- a support comprising a receiving surface, a solvent, particles and at least one rheological agent
- an evaporation device to perform the evaporation step and generate said at least one deposit of particles
- FIG. 1 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, put under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image of left) and after reaction (right image), for the high viscosity wheat (AX) / xylanase arabinoxylan couple.
- FIG. 2 represents the images obtained by photographing plates containing the dried drops, placed under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image on the left) and after reaction (image on the right), for the xyloglucan (XG) pair / cellulase cocktail.
- FIG. 3 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, put under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image on the left) and after reaction (image on the right), for the couple carboxymethylcellulose / cocktail of cellulases .
- FIG. 4 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, put under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image on the left) and after reaction (image on the right), for the polylysine couple (PLL) / trypsin.
- FIG. 5 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, put under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image on the left) and after reaction (image on the right), for the milk / rennet couple.
- FIG. 6 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, placed under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained in the presence of sucrose alone (image on the left) or in the presence of a mixture of alternan and fructose (right image); this alternane + fructose mixture corresponds to a simulation of a reaction medium obtained at the end of the synthesis during the incubation of alternan-sucrases in the presence of sucrose.
- FIG. 7 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, placed under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained in the presence of: - a mixture of sucrose (starting substrate of an alternane-saccharases) and of CNC (photo on the left), - a mixture of sucrose (starting substrate for an alternane-sucrases), CNC and a cell extract containing no alternane-sucrases (photo in the middle), - an ⁇ -glucan (alternan) produced by a cell extract containing an alternansucrase from sucrose in the presence of CNC (photo on the right).
- FIG. 8 represents the images obtained by photography of plates containing the dried drops, put under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer, obtained before reaction (image on the left) and after reaction (images on the right), for the pair pectin / orange-pectin methylesterase (O-PME) and Aspergillus aculeatus pectin methylesterase (Aa-PME).
- O-PME pectin / orange-pectin methylesterase
- Aa-PME Aspergillus aculeatus pectin methylesterase
- the present invention thus relates to a method and a method for detecting a catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest.
- catalytic activity is advantageously meant a property of a compound measured by the amount of substance catalyzed per unit of time during a specified chemical or biochemical reaction and under specified operational conditions.
- the compound of interest in the presence of such a catalytic activity, the compound of interest then consists of a catalyst, advantageously a chemical catalyst or a biotic catalyst.
- biotic catalyst is advantageously meant an enzyme, a mixture (or cocktail) of enzymes, an unpurified cell extract or a microorganism.
- the catalytic activity of an enzyme includes:
- the catalytic activity of the compound of interest advantageously corresponds to a phenomenon of conversion of at least one rheological agent from an initial state to a final state causing a variation in viscosity and / or d 'interaction, resulting in a modified diffusion / mobility of particles.
- catalytic activity is thus understood a catalytic activity advantageously chosen from the following catalytic activities: polymerization, crosslinking, gelation, aggregation, insolubilization or degradation (for example lytic or depolymerization).
- Polymerization refers to the chemical reaction or the process by which small molecules react with each other to form molecules of higher molecular weights.
- the initial molecules can be monomers or pre-polymers or polymer precursors; synthesis leads to polymers.
- depolymerization is the process of converting a polymer into monomers, a mixture of monomers or a mixture of oligomers.
- Crosslinking corresponds to the formation of one or more three-dimensional networks. Covalent bonds between the macromolecular chains are created.
- the crosslinked structures are generally prepared from linear or branched pre-polymers.
- the gelation advantageously corresponds to the transformation into a network of polymers forming a colloid containing liquid.
- Aggregation is advantageously the process by which precipitating solid particles combine to form larger particles.
- An insolubilization reaction is a process which leads, by chemical modification, to changing the nature of the compound (chemical or physical modification) causing a desolvation leading to its self-association, by means of covalent or non-covalent bonds. , to form large particles causing sedimentation.
- detection of this catalytic activity is meant the “qualitative” discrimination between the presence, and absence, of said catalytic activity generated by said at least one compound of interest.
- the "detection" of the catalytic activity activity consists in establishing a "quantitative” discrimination, namely determining, in the presence of said catalytic activity generated by said at least one compound of interest, a quantitative value of catalytic activity.
- kcat number of catalytic events
- the method comprises a succession of steps which allow obtaining a deposit of particles whose configuration / pattern ensures discrimination between a presence of catalytic activity by said at least one compound d interest or absence (defect) of catalytic activity by said at least one compound of interest.
- a step a) consists of a step of depositing, on a surface, at least one drop comprising:
- the surface consists of a deposition surface or a receiving surface, advantageously horizontal (advantageously the surface of a plate-shaped support).
- This surface is advantageously inert.
- the surface is still advantageously transparent.
- This surface can be made of a material chosen for example from glass or a thermoplastic polymer, advantageously transparent such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (often abbreviated as PMMA).
- drop is meant in particular a so-called “drop” or “sessile” drop (drop placed on a flat solid support).
- the volume of the drop is advantageously between 10 and 1000 pL, advantageously between 10 and 50 pL, preferably from 15 to 25 pL.
- solvent is advantageously meant an organic or aqueous liquid, preferably water, containing one or more compounds in solution or in suspension (called “solute (s)").
- This solvent is able to evaporate during a following evaporation step.
- This solvent is advantageously adapted to authorize, if necessary, the action of conversion of the rheological agent in the presence of said catalytic activity
- the drop may then contain one or more compounds of interest, reported, of which a possible catalytic activity is sought.
- compound of interest is meant in particular a catalyst, known or potential, advantageously a chemical catalyst or a biotic catalyst.
- biotic catalyst is advantageously meant an enzyme or a microorganism.
- the drop can thus contain a single compound of interest or a combination of at least two compounds of interest.
- the aforementioned particles advantageously consist of particles composed of an optically observable material, optionally an optically active material and / or able to self-organize to form optically active structures.
- the particles advantageously consist of nanoparticles, for example nanoparticles of polysaccharides and in particular cellulose nanoparticles.
- a nanoparticle advantageously consists of a particle of material of which at least one dimension is between 1 to 100 nanometers.
- the polysaccharide nanoparticles are preferably cellulose nanocrystals (NCC or CNC).
- NCC cellulose nanocrystals
- Such nanocrystals are for example prepared by acid hydrolysis of cotton according to the protocol described in Revol et al. (Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 1992, 14, 170-172.) Or Cranston et al. (Biomacromolecules, vol 7, 2006, p2522). They have, for example, a lateral dimension between 3 and 50 nm and a length between 30 and 1000 nm.
- the particles are also advantageously able to self-organize to form structures / configurations / patterns which are observable by optical means on the surface, following the evaporation of the solvent.
- these particles are advantageously capable of forming a peripheral annular pattern (or at least substantially annular) known under the name of "coffee stain” or “coffe-ring pattern”, following the solvent evaporation.
- these particles may be able to self-organize to form optically active structures / configurations (also called “optically active patterns”) on the surface, following the evaporation of the solvent.
- a particle or a structure is "optically active" (or has a rotary power) if it deflects the plane of polarization of the polarized light.
- the detection of the presence of this coffee stain effect can be obtained by positioning the dried drop between two crossed polarizers; an iridescence phenomenon appears due to the self-organization of the particles (see for example “Formation of Chiral Nematic Films from Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions ls a Two-Stage Process ”, Xiaoyue Mu et al. Langmuir 2014, 30, 9256-9260).
- Such a detection device would be simple, inexpensive and easily transportable or miniaturizable.
- optical detection systems can also be envisaged by modifying the particles (colored or fluorescent particles), for example for detection visible to the naked eye.
- rheological agent also known as “rheology additive” or “rheology agent”
- rheology additive is meant in particular a component (different from the particles) whose presence in the drop generates a modification of the diffusion / mobility of particles (in comparison with a drop devoid of said rheological agent), advantageously by a viscosity and / or interaction phenomenon.
- Said at least one rheological agent is chosen from agents capable of being modified from an initial state to a final state, in the presence of said catalytic activity.
- the "initial” state corresponds to the state of the rheological agent before (and or in the absence of) a modification by catalytic activity of said at least one rheological agent.
- the “final” state corresponds to the state of the rheological agent after (following) a modification (from said initial state) by catalytic activity of said at least one rheological agent.
- the initial / final states are capable of generating two different configurations of said at least one particle deposit:
- said initial state is intended to generate a first configuration (also called
- Initial configuration in which the particles are distributed according to a first configuration / a first pattern, for example among a “coffee stain", a maltese cross, the presence of aggregates, in a star or the absence of a pattern, and
- said final state is intended to generate a second configuration (also called “final configuration") in which the particles are distributed in a second configuration / a second pattern (different from said first configuration / from said first pattern) , for example among a "coffee stain", a maltese cross, the presence of aggregates, in a star or the absence of a motif.
- the initial state and the final state may consist, respectively or vice versa, in a state called “inactive” or in a state called “active”.
- the “inactive” state of said at least one rheological agent is intended to generate the so-called “coffee stain” configuration, in which the particles are grouped together in a peripheral annular form (along the outline of the drop).
- the "active" state of said at least one rheological agent is intended to generate a so-called “alternative" configuration of the particle deposition, in which the above-mentioned "coffee stain” configuration is altered.
- the coffee stain effect is inhibited by various mechanisms which lead to a limitation of the diffusion of the particles and a limitation of their migration towards the periphery of the drop.
- the diffusion of the particles is reduced when the viscosity in the drop increases, for example under the effect of polymer synthesis.
- said at least one rheological agent is chosen from agents acting on the dynamic viscosity within the drop (and as a corollary on the diffusion and on the migration of the particles during drying). If necessary, the dynamic viscosity value in its inactive state is advantageously less than a dynamic viscosity value in its active state.
- the dynamic viscosity is a physical quantity which characterizes the resistance to laminar flow of an incompressible fluid, advantageously expressed in mPa.s.
- said at least one rheological agent is converted from an initial inactive state (low dynamic viscosity) to an active final state (high dynamic viscosity), for example to detect a catalytic activity of polymerization, crosslinking, gelling, aggregation, insolubilization, or
- At least one rheological agent is converted from an active initial state (high dynamic viscosity) to an inactive final state (low dynamic viscosity), for example to detect a catalytic activity of depolymerization, hydrolysis.
- a "low" dynamic viscosity value is less than a "high” dynamic viscosity value.
- said at least one rheological agent is advantageously chosen from polymer / polymer precursors, advantageously biopolymers, preferably able to form a gel / hydrogel.
- Biopolymers are advantageously polymers from biomass, that is to say produced by living beings (plants, algae, animals, fungi, etc.). These biopolymers thus correspond to all of the biological macromolecules resulting from the assembly of simpler or monomeric molecules.
- a gel is a solid material (possibly soft or ductile), consisting of a three-dimensional network of macromolecules surrounded by liquid.
- the gel is formed by two media dispersed one inside the other: the so-called "solid” medium consists of long molecules connected together by crosslinking points to form a three-dimensional network and the liquid medium (solvent) is made up of independent molecules.
- a hydrogel is a gel, the liquid phase of which is water. Hydrogels are made from natural or synthetic polymers.
- said at least one rheological agent advantageously occurs:
- said catalytic activity is a catalytic activity of polymerization, advantageously a catalytic activity of the polymerase type.
- the rheological agent / compound of interest couple (whose catalytic activity is known or sought after) is advantageously chosen from:
- said catalytic activity is a catalytic depolymerization activity, advantageously a catalytic activity of the hydrolase type, preferably also chosen from an amidase, esterase, glycosidase, ether hydrolase, phytase or phosphorylase activity.
- a catalytic depolymerization activity advantageously a catalytic activity of the hydrolase type, preferably also chosen from an amidase, esterase, glycosidase, ether hydrolase, phytase or phosphorylase activity.
- Enzymes capable of carrying out such hydrolysis reactions are in particular classified in group EC 3 of the so-called “EC” nomenclature (for "Enzyme Commission numbers” - “Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB) ”).
- hydrolase type enzymes mention may in particular be made of enzymes having hydrolytic activity towards biopolymers.
- these enzymes capable of hydrolyzing biopolymers mention may in particular be made of polysaccharide hydrolases, also known as glycoside hydrolases or glycosidases (these enzymes are advantageously classified in group EC 3.2.1).
- polysaccharide hydrolases is meant, for example, xylanases, cellulases, chitinases, pectinases, mannases, galactanases.
- hydrolytic enzymes of biopolymers mention may also be made, for example, of proteases, nucleases, lignininases.
- the rheological agent / compound of interest pair (whose catalytic activity is known or sought after) is then advantageously chosen from:
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- said catalytic activity is a gelling catalytic activity.
- the rheological agent / compound of interest couple is for example chosen from pectins / methylesterases.
- the methylated pectins do not form a gel in the presence of calcium (depending on the concentration of pectin and calcium, the inactive state may be different: coffee ring or precipitate). After the action of the enzyme, they form gels with calcium (active state, which also changes depending on the concentration of pectin and calcium: no coffee ring or precipitate).
- the mixture of the solvent, the particles and said at least one rheological agent is advantageously used before the deposition step a) (prior mixing step).
- the choice of these different components is adjusted so as to be able to observe, if necessary, the catalytic activity sought.
- the mixture of said at least one compound of interest and of said at least one rheological agent is advantageously used: - before the deposition step a) (prior mixing step), so that any catalytic activity is advantageously initiated, or even terminated, before the deposition step a) (incubation step prior to deposition ), or
- the deposition step a) may also consist in depositing a plurality of drops containing:
- the deposition of drops comprising different rheological agents, with at least one compound of identical interest, is useful for screening for a possible catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest.
- the deposition of drops comprising different concentrations of said at least one rheological agent, and or different concentrations of said particles, is useful for determining rheological agent / particle ratios which are suitable for subsequent screening for possible catalytic activity.
- a step b) consists of a step of evaporation of the solvent present in the drop (s) deposited.
- this evaporation step b) generates the deposition of the particles according to one of the two aforementioned configurations, depending on the initial state or the final state of said at least one rheological agent in the presence .
- this evaporation step b) generates the deposition of the particles according to one of the two configurations, depending on the final state of said at least one rheological agent present, namely:
- a person skilled in the art can adapt the drying time as a function of the size of the drop, the deposition surface, the temperature and the drying humidity.
- the evaporation step b) is advantageously adjusted to run over a time of less than 5 hours, preferably ranging from 10 to 60 minutes.
- a step c) consists of a step of analyzing said at least one deposit of particles.
- two different configurations of said at least one particle deposit can be obtained (depending on the initial state or the final state of said at least one rheological agent present), advantageously the “coffee stain” configuration. ”Or the“ alternative ”configuration (in which the“ coffee stain ”configuration is altered).
- this analysis step c) is advantageously carried out by means of a comparison of shots / images containing deposits of particles from the dried drops.
- this analysis step c) further aims to make a distinction / classification of each deposit analyzed among two alternative results: absence of a catalytic activity of said at least one compound of interest or presence of a catalytic activity of said at least one compound of interest.
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration generated by said at least one rheological agent always in its initial state (said at least a rheological agent remained in its initial state, in the absence of conversion by the compound of interest).
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration which is identical to a "negative control" deposit, that is to say a configuration generated at the level of a dried drop lacking the catalytic activity.
- the deposits are identical with, or without, said compound of interest.
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration generated by said at least one rheological agent in its final state (said at least one rheological agent has thus been converted from an initial state to a final state, by said at least one compound of interest).
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration which is identical to a "positive control" deposit, that is to say a configuration generated at the level of a dried drop having catalytic activity.
- the deposits are different with or without the said compound of interest.
- said at least one rheological agent was still in its initial state at the time of drying.
- said at least one rheological agent was in its final state at the time of drying (resulting from the catalytic activity).
- this analysis step c) thus allows detection between:
- the method according to the invention can also be used for screening at least one second compound of interest which potentially has an inhibitory effect on catalytic activity.
- second compound of interest includes in particular an inhibitor of catalytic activity, known or potential, advantageously a chemical inhibitor or a biotic inhibitor.
- this second compound of interest is advantageously mixed with at least one first compound of interest having a known catalytic activity.
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration generated by said at least one rheological agent still in its initial state (said at least one rheological agent has remained in its state initial, due to the inhibition of conversion by the first compound of interest).
- the deposit analyzed has a configuration generated by said at least one rheological agent in its final state (said at least one rheological agent thus has been converted from its initial state to its final state, by said first at least one compound of interest).
- System for detecting catalytic activity also relates to the system for detecting a catalytic activity of at least one compound of interest, by implementing the method according to the invention.
- This detection system comprises, as described above, the following elements:
- a set of reagents for carrying out the deposition step a), comprising the support comprising the receiving surface, the solvent, the particles and said at least one rheological agent,
- an evaporation device to perform the evaporation step and generate said at least one deposit of particles
- the set of reagents is adapted to the desired catalytic activity.
- the user then introduces said at least one compound of interest into the solvent / particle / rheological agent mixture, this under conditions suitable for obtaining the modification of the rheological agent if necessary.
- the evaporation device conventional in itself, consists for example of a closed enclosure, regulated in temperature and humidity.
- the temperature control is advantageously obtained with a thermostated heated support, and the humidity with saturated salt baths.
- the analysis device advantageously comprises optical means for taking pictures.
- optical means consist, for example, of two crossed polarizers, in the case of particles capable of generating an iridescent appearance.
- Such a device is simple, inexpensive and easily transportable or miniaturizable.
- optical means can also be envisaged, advantageously by modifying the particles (colored particles for example for detection visible to the naked eye).
- the invention has several specificities:
- the final solutions to be deposited are prepared by mixing the solutions of polymer, or of polymer precursor, with a suspension of cellulose nanocrystals.
- the drying takes place in a closed enclosure, regulated in temperature and humidity.
- the temperature is controlled with a heated, thermostated support, and the humidity with saturated salt baths. This device allows us to dry 24 drops under controlled temperature and humidity conditions.
- the drying time is approximately 30 minutes. The variations in the drying time depend on the size of the drop, the deposition surface, the temperature and the drying humidity. After the drops have dried, the data is acquired by photographing the plates containing the dried drops, placed under a 0 ° / 90 ° cross polarizer.
- the final result is obtained by carrying out a qualitative comparison of the images obtained before and after reaction. It should be noted that in the concentration range studied, the drops of cellulose nanocrystals (dispersed in water) deposited on glass or Polymethylene Methacrylate (PMMA) plates cause a coffee stain. As an indication, the drop angle of an NCC solution on a glass plate is very small; on the PMMA, the drop angle is around 70 °.
- the cellulose nanocrystals are produced by the acid hydrolysis of wood pulp.
- the NCCs used are marketed by CelluForce; they have a lateral dimension between 4 and 16 nm and a length between 50 and 250 nm.
- the dispersion of the NCCs is prepared by dropping the nanocrystals powder on ultra pure water, with vigorous stirring. The suspension is kept stirring overnight, then passed under ultrasound to maximize the dispersion of the nanocrystals. The actual concentration of the suspension of cellulose nanocrystals is obtained by measuring the dry mass.
- polymer the polymer targeted by a depolymerization reaction
- Precursor means the molecule targeted by a polymerization reaction.
- the solutions were obtained by dissolving the polymers / precursors in ultra pure water, with vigorous stirring overnight.
- the mixing of the NCC / Polymer / precursors is carried out at different concentrations of the latter (between 0.1 and 10 g / L), which makes it possible to scan a wide range of possibilities.
- AX High viscosity wheat arabinoxylan
- AX The high viscosity wheat arabinoxylan used was purchased from Megazyme (AX). It consists of 38% arabinose and 62% xylose; its kinematic viscosity is 42 cSt.
- the enzyme used to degrade AX is Megazyme xylanase.
- the xylanase was used at a concentration of 0.1 U / ml.
- the incubation was carried out at 40 ° C, at an optimized time of 5 min.
- the volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L.
- Two deposition surfaces have been tested which are glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate. The drops were dried at 40 ° C, and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 1.
- Xyloglucan (XG) is the most abundant hemicellulose in nature. It is made up of a main glucose chain similar to that of branched cellulose with several compounds (mainly xylans). It is known for its strong affinity with cellulose. The xyloglucan used is supplied by Megazyme. Cellulase is used as an enzyme to degrade it.
- the cellulosic cocktail was added at a concentration of 4 mg / mL.
- the incubation was maintained at 40 ° W for one hour.
- the volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L.
- Two deposition surfaces have been tested, that are glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate.
- the drops were dried at 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 2.
- Carboxymethylcellulose is a cellulose ether which carries negative charges (marketed by Sigma).
- the enzyme used for the degradation of carboxymethylcellulose is cellulases.
- the cellulases were added at a concentration of 5 mg / ml; the incubation was carried out at 40 ° C., according to an optimized time of 30 minutes.
- the volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L.
- Two deposition surfaces were tested: glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate. The drops were dried at 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 3.
- Polylysine is a cationic polyelectrolyte which interacts strongly with cellulose nanocrystals (marketed by Sigma).
- the enzyme used for the degradation of polylysine is PROMEGA trypsin. Trypsin was added at a concentration of 0.45 mg / ml. The solution was incubated for 5 days at 40 ° C. The volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L. Two deposition surfaces were tested: glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate. The drops were dried at 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the drops CNC + Milk
- the drops are deposited to directly obtain the reaction in the drops.
- Drops of 20 ⁇ L of solution were placed on PMMA plates and 2 ml of diluted rennet solution were added. Drying was done at 36 ° C at a relative humidity of 75%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 5.
- VWR using a-transglucosylases of the family 70 of glycoside hydrolases (GH70 a-transglucosylases).
- the GH70 a-transglucosylases used made it possible to synthesize glucose homopolysaccharides (generally called alpha-glucans), and more precisely dextrans (compounds with more than 95% of ⁇ -1, 6 bonds), alternans (mixtures of bonds a-1, 6 and a-1, 3) and reuteranes (mixture of bonds a-1, 6 and a-1, 4).
- dextrans compounds with more than 95% of ⁇ -1, 6 bonds
- alternans mixture of bonds a-1, 6 and a-1, 3
- reuteranes mixture of bonds a-1, 6 and a-1, 4
- the synthesis conditions were optimized so that the consumption of sucrose is complete after 1 h 30 of reaction at 30 ° C.
- the ⁇ -transglucosylases (DSR-s varD4N, DSR-OK, native DSR-S, GSK, ASR) were incubated at 0.26 U / ml in the presence of 7.6 g / L of CNC and 50 g / L of sucrose.
- the volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L.
- Two deposition surfaces were tested: glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate. The drops were dried at 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the solutions in the presence of enzymes were maintained at 50‘G, for 12 hours.
- the volume of the drops deposited is 20 ⁇ L.
- Two deposition surfaces were tested: glass and Polymethylene Methacrylate.
- the drops were dried at 40 G and a relative humidity of 33%.
- the data acquired are illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the characteristic couples (CNC / AX) which exhibit this initial state are for example: [AX-CNC] [10.1 -5.1 / 10.1 -7.6],
- the addition of the enzyme causes a decrease in the viscosity of the drops, this state represents the final state.
- the addition of the enzyme causes a change from the “malta cross” motif to a “coffee stain” type motif for the ratios [AX-CNC] [10,1 -5,1 / 10,1 -7 , 6].
- the addition of the enzyme causes a decrease in the viscosity of the drops, inducing the appearance of a coffee stain pattern. This state represents the end state.
- concentration combinations [PLL-CNC], in which we have seen the disappearance of the "aggregates”, are for example [5.1 -5.1; 5, 1 -7.6].
- Sucrose is the initial substrate for the polymerization of a-glucans.
- the ratios are for example [10.1 -7.6 / 10.1 -10.1].
- sucrose in the case of polymerization of sucrose in alternane, the sucrose alone forms a pattern of the “coffee stain” and maltese cross type.
- the pectins gelled by ionic interactions involving the carboxylic groups in the presence of calcium.
- the carboxylic groups are methyesterified and cannot interact with calcium.
- Pectins methylesterases hydrolyze the acetyl group and induce gel formation, which modifies the patterns observed.
- the results enabled us to determine the combinations for which the initial state disappears after addition of the enzyme, induced by gel formation in the final state.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1873987A FR3090692B1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Procédé et système pour détecter une activité catalytique d’au moins un composé d’intérêt |
| PCT/FR2019/053208 WO2020128366A1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2019-12-19 | Procédé et système pour détecter une activité catalytique d'au moins un composé d'intérêt |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3897984A1 true EP3897984A1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
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| EP19848794.4A Pending EP3897984A1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2019-12-19 | Procédé et système pour détecter une activité catalytique d'au moins un composé d'intérêt |
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| EP (1) | EP3897984A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3090692B1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2962545B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-08-10 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | Dispositif colorimetrique pour la detection, dans une solution aqueuse d'interet, d'une activite enzymatique hydrolytique a l'egard d'au moins un polymere d'interet |
| FR3067042B1 (fr) * | 2017-06-02 | 2021-07-30 | Univ De Lille 1 Sciences Et Technologies | Procede de detection optique |
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- 2018-12-21 FR FR1873987A patent/FR3090692B1/fr active Active
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2019
- 2019-12-19 EP EP19848794.4A patent/EP3897984A1/fr active Pending
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| FR3090692B1 (fr) | 2021-07-30 |
| FR3090692A1 (fr) | 2020-06-26 |
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