EP3896339A1 - Procédé d'ajustement d'une commande d'un appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Procédé d'ajustement d'une commande d'un appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3896339A1
EP3896339A1 EP21168555.7A EP21168555A EP3896339A1 EP 3896339 A1 EP3896339 A1 EP 3896339A1 EP 21168555 A EP21168555 A EP 21168555A EP 3896339 A1 EP3896339 A1 EP 3896339A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heater
heating
output
control
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21168555.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3896339B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Richter
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Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3896339A1 publication Critical patent/EP3896339A1/fr
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Publication of EP3896339B1 publication Critical patent/EP3896339B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/102—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/04—Heating water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adapting a control of a heating device. Furthermore, a computer program, a machine-readable storage medium, a control device for a heating device and a heating device are specified, each of which is provided and set up to carry out the method. The method can be used in particular to compensate for the influences of different exhaust systems on the device output or heating output of a heater.
  • Heaters are known, each of which has a delivery device for delivering a fuel-air mixture and a burner for burning the fuel-air mixture.
  • the heat generated by means of the burner can then be transferred into a liquid circuit of a building in order to heat the building or at least a part of it.
  • the heater and the liquid circuit usually form a heating system for heating the building or part of it.
  • the thermal energy emitted by the burner per unit of time is usually referred to as heating output, device output or, if applicable, also generally as output of the heating device.
  • the heating power of corresponding heating devices is usually only controlled via the drive power of the conveyor device.
  • a specific (nominal) drive power of the conveying device is permanently assigned to a specific (nominal) heating power.
  • the mixture volume flow delivered by the delivery device does not only depend on the drive power of the delivery device. Rather, it has been found that the pressure losses in the supply air systems and / or in the exhaust systems to which the heaters are usually connected can have a significant influence on the mixture volume flow and thus the heating output. In this context, it has been shown in particular that pressure loss differences, which can result from different designs of supply air systems and / or exhaust systems and / or from different ambient conditions, can have a significant and therefore considerable influence on the heating output.
  • the pressure loss caused by the exhaust system can, for example, be significantly dependent on the position of the respective heater on the exhaust system.
  • an undesired reduction in burner output can occur, for example, due to comparatively high pressure losses in the exhaust system.
  • the object of the invention to provide a method by means of which the problems described in connection with the prior art can be at least partially solved.
  • the method should enable the influences of various supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the To be able to at least partially take into account or compensate for the heating output of a heater.
  • Steps a) to c) can, for example, be carried out at least once in the specified order to carry out the method. Furthermore, steps a) to c) can also be repeated (several times) or steps a) to c) can begin repeatedly (in the manner of a loop) with step a). At least parts of steps a) to c), in particular steps a) and b), can be carried out at least partially in parallel or simultaneously.
  • the method can be carried out, for example, during a (first) start-up of the heater in the building, in particular after the heater has been installed in the building.
  • an initial value for the drive power for determining the initial drive power can be stored in the control of the heater.
  • the method can be carried out, for example, when the heater is started up several times or even every time, in order to be able to adapt the control of the heater to changing ambient conditions, for example.
  • the stored initial value for the drive power or a value for the drive power that has been adjusted in a previous implementation of the method to achieve the predefined setpoint heating power can be used.
  • the method advantageously enables power regulation to be carried out by means of energy measurement.
  • the power control can contribute in particular to compensating for the influences of various air supply systems and / or exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions (such as ambient temperatures and / or ambient pressures) on the device output or heating output of a heater.
  • the method advantageously enables the influences of different supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the heating output of a heater to be at least partially taken into account or even at least partially compensated for.
  • the heating device is usually a heating device for a building.
  • the fuel can be, for example, a fossil fuel, such as (liquid and / or natural) gas or (petroleum) oil.
  • the liquid circuit can be a water circuit, for example.
  • One or more radiators for heating the building or part of it can be connected to the liquid circuit.
  • a heat exchanger can be provided to transfer heat from the burner into the liquid circuit. This heat exchanger can be between the Burner and the liquid circuit can be arranged.
  • the heat exchanger can be assigned to the burner or can be formed within the heater and / or in the area of the burner.
  • the control can be implemented, for example, by means of a control device of the heater.
  • the control such as a (computer) program for controlling the heating device, can be implemented in the control device.
  • the heater can preferably be a gas heater.
  • this relates in particular to a heating device which is set up to burn one or more (gaseous) fossil fuels such as liquid gas and / or natural gas, possibly with the supply of ambient air from a building or the environment, in order to generate energy to heat a building To generate water circuit for heating the building or part of it.
  • the heater can be a so-called gas condensing boiler.
  • the heater generally has at least one burner and at least one delivery device, such as a fan, which can deliver a mixture of fuel (gas) and combustion air (through a mixture duct of the heater) to the burner.
  • Exhaust gas resulting from the combustion can be routed through an (internal) exhaust pipe of the heater to a (possibly shared or multiple) exhaust system (of the building).
  • a (possibly shared or multiple) exhaust system of the building.
  • Several heaters can be connected to this (common or multiple) exhaust system.
  • Exhaust gas resulting from the combustion can (thus) be discharged from the burner via an exhaust system, for example.
  • the exhaust system can comprise an exhaust pipe (internal to the heater) and at least part of an exhaust system (external to the heater) (of the building).
  • the exhaust system can open into the area around the building via at least one chimney.
  • the heater can be connected to various exhaust systems.
  • an exhaust gas path (exhaust-gas system-specific) extending from the heater to the surroundings can be different, in particular dimensioned differently, for example of different length.
  • the methods described here can advantageously take into account the influences of various exhaust systems and / or exhaust gas paths on the device output or heating output of the heater and / or compensate for them as far as possible.
  • (Supply or combustion) air that can be used for the combustion can be supplied, for example via a supply air system, to a mixing point for mixing fuel and air to form the fuel-air mixture (and thus to the burner).
  • the mixing point is usually formed in the heater and can usually be connected to the burner via a mixture channel.
  • the supply air system can comprise a (heater-internal) supply air pipe (which opens at the mixing point) and at least part of a (heater-external) supply air system (of the building).
  • the air supply system can open into the environment around the building, for example, via at least one intake pipe.
  • the heater can be connected to various supply air systems.
  • a supply air path (specific to the supply air system) extending from the heater to the surroundings can be different, in particular differently dimensioned, for example differently long.
  • the influences of various supply air systems and / or supply air paths on the device output or heating output of the heater can advantageously be taken into account and / or compensated as far as possible.
  • the supply air can be mixed with fuel in a predeterminable and / or as constant as possible mixing ratio.
  • the mixing ratio can, for example, be fixed or adjustable (manually or by an installer or skilled craftsman). After the mixing ratio has been adjusted, it is usually kept as constant as possible (until it is adjusted again, if necessary). Thus, a deviation in the delivery volume of the delivery device usually (in particular pneumatically and / or electronically) also (directly) affects the amount of fuel supplied and thus the heating output.
  • the mixing ratio is in particular adjustable via a so-called fuel-air network of the heater, in particular adjustable and / or as constant as possible by means of a gas fitting of the heater.
  • the building can in principle be a residential building and / or a commercially used building.
  • the heater can in particular be used to heat only part of the building, such as an individual apartment and / or an individual room. Alternatively or cumulatively, the heater can also be used to heat a water system (e.g. heating water circuit) in the building or apartment.
  • a water system e.g. heating water circuit
  • the heater is operated with a specific, initial drive power of the delivery device.
  • Operating the heater includes, in particular, operating the burner and / or heating at least part of the fluid circuit while the delivery device is operated with the initial drive power, such as a specific electrical drive power of a motor of the delivery device and / or a specific motor speed of the delivery device.
  • the initial value for the drive power for determining the initial drive power can be stored in the control of the heater.
  • the initial value can, for example, be permanently stored (for example permanently programmed) or be manually and / or automatically adaptable or predeterminable.
  • the initial value can be adjusted or specified by an installer or skilled craftsman or a user of the heater (if necessary).
  • the initial value for the drive power to determine the initial drive power can be selected, for example, in such a way that the target heating power can be achieved as expected (for example based on experience with a reference exhaust system, a reference air supply system and / or reference ambient conditions) .
  • the initial value can be automatically, for example, from the controller themselves, for example as a function of a value for the drive power that has been adapted or specified in a previous implementation of the method to achieve the predefined setpoint heating power.
  • an actual heating power of the heater is determined, which is delivered to the liquid circuit at the initial drive power of the delivery device.
  • the heating power is determined which is entered into the liquid circuit by the heating device while the delivery device is operated with the initial drive power.
  • the determination can take place, for example, via a (sensory) energy measurement.
  • the heat output from the burner and / or the heat input into the liquid circuit can be measured (using sensors). If this energy (s) is considered in relation to a unit of time, the actual heating output can be determined or calculated from this by way of example.
  • a sensor system assigned to the burner and / or a sensor system assigned to the liquid circuit can be used for measuring.
  • temperature sensors and / or flow sensors can be used as sensors.
  • the burner output or the heating output that is emitted by the burner can also be determined as the actual heating output.
  • the control of the heater is adapted as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined target heating output.
  • the predefined setpoint heating output is in particular the heating output that is to be achieved with the initial drive output of the conveying device.
  • the predefined setpoint heating power can describe a specific operating point of the heater and / or a heating system (including the heater and the liquid circuit).
  • the operating point can be, for example, a maximum operating point or full load point.
  • at least one specific value for defining the predefined setpoint heating power can be stored in the control of the heater.
  • the specific value can be fixed, for example stored (for example permanently programmed) or manually adaptable or specifiable.
  • the specific value can be adjusted or specified by an installer or skilled craftsman or a user of the heater (if necessary).
  • the (actual and / or setpoint) heating output can in principle relate to the (thermal) output entered into the liquid circuit and / or the (thermal) output emitted by the burner. These (thermal) outputs can be converted into one another via a (thermal) efficiency (of the heater or the heat transfer from burner to liquid circuit).
  • control can be adapted as a function of a comparison between the determined actual heating output and the predefined target heating output and / or adapt itself.
  • control can be adapted as a function of any deviation or difference between the determined actual heating output and the predefined target heating output and / or adapt itself.
  • the drive power of the delivery device and / or a fuel component of the fuel-air mixture can be increased if the determined actual heating output is (well, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined target heating output. Power control can thus advantageously be carried out by means of energy measurement.
  • a specification stored in the control for the drive power of the conveying device is adapted.
  • the specification can be implemented, for example, in the form of a characteristic curve, a characteristic diagram, a mathematical function and / or a table (for example what is known as a “look-up table”).
  • the specification can, for example, each assign a specific drive power of the delivery device to one or more target heating powers.
  • the specification is in particular adapted overall so that, for example, all assignments of target heating power to drive power are adapted simultaneously or in parallel.
  • the default can for example, (overall) can be increased if the actual heating output determined in step b) is (significantly, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined setpoint heating output.
  • a fan of the conveying device is operated at a specific, initial speed.
  • a fan that can be driven, for example, by means of an electric motor can represent a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device.
  • the drive power of the conveying device can, for example, describe the electrical power that is provided to the electric motor of the blower.
  • the delivery rate of the conveyor device or the fan can be adjusted via the speed of the fan.
  • a specification stored in the controller for the speed of the fan of the conveying device is adapted.
  • the specification can be implemented, for example, in the form of a characteristic curve, a characteristic diagram, a mathematical function and / or a table (for example so-called “look-up table”).
  • the specification can, for example, assign a specific speed of the fan to one or more target heating outputs.
  • the specification is in particular adapted overall so that, for example, all assignments of target heating power to speed are adapted simultaneously or in parallel.
  • the specification can be increased (overall), for example, if the actual heating output determined in step b) is (significantly, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined setpoint heating output.
  • the actual heating power is determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit.
  • sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit.
  • two temperature sensors and one flow sensor can be used as sensors.
  • the flow sensor can be, for example, a mass flow sensor or a volume flow sensor.
  • the actual heating power is determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit.
  • the actual heating output determined using the efficiency is, in particular, an actual burner output (actual thermal output emitted by the burner).
  • the control of the heater can be adapted in step c) as a function of the determined actual burner output and a predefined setpoint burner output.
  • the actual burner output can be compared with a target burner output.
  • an actual burner output is determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit, and that this actual burner output in particular in addition to a actual heating power determined in step b), which is entered into the liquid circuit, is determined.
  • the corresponding additional information about the actual burner output can contribute, for example, to the fact that burner-specific criteria, such as standardization requirements and / or approval requirements, can be checked.
  • a computer program for carrying out a method described here is proposed.
  • a machine-readable storage medium is proposed on which the computer program is stored.
  • the machine-readable storage medium is usually a computer-readable data carrier.
  • a control device for a heating device is also proposed, the control device being provided and set up to carry out a method described here.
  • the control device can be, for example, a control device of the heating device, which is set up to carry out the method.
  • the control device can comprise a processor (controller) that can execute at least part of the method.
  • the processor can, for example, execute the computer program, for which purpose the processor can access the storage medium, for example.
  • the storage medium can represent a component of the control device or can be connected to it.
  • a heating device is also proposed.
  • the heater has a control device described here.
  • the heating device or a heating system, comprising the heating device and the liquid circuit can comprise a corresponding sensor system for carrying out the method, such as two temperature sensors and a flow sensor.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically an exemplary sequence of a method described here for adapting a control of a heating device 1, in which the heating device 1 has a conveying device 2 for conveying a fuel-air mixture and a burner 3 for burning the fuel-air mixture, and by means of The heat generated by the burner 3 can be transferred into a liquid circuit 14 of a building (cf. Fig. 2 ).
  • the sequence of steps a), b) and c) represented by blocks 110, 120 and 130 is exemplary and can thus be run through, for example, during a regular operating sequence to carry out the method.
  • step 110 the heater 1 is operated with a specific, initial drive power of the delivery device 2.
  • step 120 an actual heating power of the heater 2 is determined, which starts at the initial drive power of the delivery device 2 the liquid circuit 14 is released.
  • step c the control of the heater 1 is adapted as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined setpoint heating output.
  • step c) a specification stored in the controller for the drive power of the conveyor 2 can be adapted.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an exemplary structure of a heater 1 described here.
  • the heater 1 has a control device 7.
  • the control device 7 is provided and set up to carry out a method described here.
  • a fan of the conveying device 2 can be operated at a specific, initial speed.
  • a specification stored in the controller for the speed of the fan of the conveying device 2 can also be adapted in step c).
  • the actual heating power can be determined using sensor data from sensors 6, 9, 11 which are assigned to the liquid circuit 14.
  • sensors 6, 9, 11 which are assigned to the liquid circuit 14.
  • two temperature sensors 6, 11 and one flow sensor 9 can be used.
  • the flow sensor 9 can be, for example, a mass flow sensor or a volume flow sensor.
  • step b) the actual heating output or additional information about the actual burner output can be determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors 6, 11 assigned to the liquid circuit 14 are.
  • sensors 6, 11 assigned to the liquid circuit 14 are.
  • two temperature sensors 6, 11 can be used for this purpose. Of the two temperature sensors 6, 11, for example, one can be assigned to the flow and one to the return of the liquid circuit.
  • the heater 1 for example a gas condensing boiler
  • a burner system in which the fuel, here for example gas, and the combustion air are brought together in front of a conveyor 2, for example in the form of a fan. This mixture is then transported by the conveying device 2 or the fan via a mixture duct 12 to the burner 3, where the combustion then takes place.
  • the gas is provided by a gas fitting 5 as a function of the fan speed.
  • the exhaust gases resulting from the combustion are conducted through an internal exhaust pipe 10 to the exhaust system 15 after they have been cooled down by means of a heat exchanger 13, for example.
  • the energy is transferred through the heat exchanger 13 to a liquid circuit 14 which is formed here, for example, as a water circuit.
  • a temperature sensor 6, 11 (for example designed as an NTC) is attached in front of and behind the heat exchanger 13.
  • the temperature sensor 6 forms a flow temperature sensor and the temperature sensor 11 a return temperature sensor.
  • a water volume flow or water mass flow sensor 9 is attached in the waterway to or from the heat exchanger 13.
  • Q ab denotes the heat energy emitted, m the water mass, c pk the specific heat capacity and dT the temperature difference between the (flow) temperature sensor 6 and the (return) temperature sensor 11.
  • the power supplied or the burner output that the heater 1 enters into the heat exchanger 13 is obtained.
  • the efficiency to be expected can be derived, for example, from the mean water temperature in the heat exchanger 13 (T VL -T RL ) / 2 or only from the flow temperature or return temperature.
  • Corresponding efficiency values can, for example, be determined in advance for the respective heater 1 and stored in the control or the control device 7, for example in the form of a characteristic curve.
  • the conveyor device 2 can first be driven with the specific, initial drive power and thus, here, for example, drive the fan speed to the value stored in the control for the desired device power.
  • the actual heating power (which is entered in the liquid circuit 14) determined according to the procedure described above can then be compared with the desired value (Q setpoint ). If there is a control deviation determined in this way, the fan speed can then be increased or decreased (accordingly) until the desired output is achieved.
  • the burner output determined via the efficiency can be provided as additional information.
  • a method is thus specified by means of which the problems described in connection with the prior art can be at least partially solved.
  • the method can make it possible to at least partially take into account or compensate for the influences of various supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the heating output of a heater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP21168555.7A 2020-04-17 2021-04-15 Procédé d'ajustement d'une commande d'un appareil de chauffage Active EP3896339B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020110482.0A DE102020110482A1 (de) 2020-04-17 2020-04-17 Verfahren zur Anpassung einer Steuerung eines Heizgeräts

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EP3896339A1 true EP3896339A1 (fr) 2021-10-20
EP3896339B1 EP3896339B1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022101491A1 (de) 2022-01-24 2023-07-27 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogramm, Regel- und Steuergerät und Heizgerät

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030005892A1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2003-01-09 Baese David C. Water heater with continuously variable air and fuel input
US20030234296A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-12-25 Rixen James M. Heating system
AU2012202470A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2012-05-17 Primo-Tech Pty Ltd Fluid Heater

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2504807B (en) 2012-05-11 2020-02-12 Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc Methods and apparatus to control combustion process systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030005892A1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2003-01-09 Baese David C. Water heater with continuously variable air and fuel input
US20030234296A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-12-25 Rixen James M. Heating system
AU2012202470A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2012-05-17 Primo-Tech Pty Ltd Fluid Heater

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EP3896339B1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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