EP3895259B1 - Brush module and assembly method - Google Patents

Brush module and assembly method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3895259B1
EP3895259B1 EP19812703.7A EP19812703A EP3895259B1 EP 3895259 B1 EP3895259 B1 EP 3895259B1 EP 19812703 A EP19812703 A EP 19812703A EP 3895259 B1 EP3895259 B1 EP 3895259B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brush
tab
fastening
brush holder
holder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP19812703.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3895259A1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig KAIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Carbon Technology GmbH
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Schunk Carbon Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP3895259A1 publication Critical patent/EP3895259A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/41—Brush holders cartridge type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/385—Means for mechanical fixation of the brush holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/381—Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush

Definitions

  • Such brush modules are well known from the prior art and are regularly used to position and attach a brush to, for example, a slip ring or a commutator of an electric motor.
  • the brush which can be a carbon brush, for example, is then arranged in a brush holder, with the brush holder essentially surrounding the brush on its longitudinal sides.
  • the brush is accommodated in the brush holder and can be moved longitudinally is acted upon in the direction of the slip ring with a spring force, so that the brush is pressed against the slip ring to produce an electrical contact connection.
  • the assembly device essentially serves to simplify assembly of the brush holder on the electrical machine.
  • the assembly device is formed from a U-shaped sheet metal angle, which overlaps the brush holder and has two laterally protruding fastening tabs.
  • the brush holder is therefore inserted into the U-shaped sheet metal angle essentially without play, so that the brush holder can be fixed to the U-shaped sheet metal angle in the manner of a clamp on the electrical machine adjacent to the slip ring.
  • the fastening straps can be screwed to the electrical machine or to a mounting surface on which the brush holder and the fastening straps lie by means of screws.
  • the brush module according to the invention for an electrical machine has at least one brush for making electrical contact with a slip ring of the machine, the brush module having an assembly device and a brush holder for receiving and holding the brush, the assembly device being designed as a U-shaped sheet metal angle which overlaps the brush holder, the sheet metal angle having laterally protruding fastening lugs for fastening the brush holder to a mounting surface, a reach-through opening being formed in the brush holder, a holding shackle formed on a fastening shackle of the sheet-metal angle engaging in the reach-through opening and the brush in a restraining position held positively in the brush holder, the fastening tab with the retaining tab being inclined by an angle ⁇ relative to the mounting surface of the brush holder, the fastening tab being designed to be tiltable by the angle ⁇ to rest on the mounting surface, with an inclination by the angle ⁇ the retaining tab can release the brush and move the brush to a contact position.
  • the brush module for the rotating electrical machine accordingly has the brush holder, which is designed in the manner of a shaft and accommodates the brush or carbon brush in a longitudinally movable manner.
  • the brush holder is surrounded by the mounting device or the U-shaped sheet metal bracket for mounting the brush holder on the electric machine in the manner of a clamp, so that the brush holder on the mounting surface rests on the electrical machine.
  • the fastening lugs are arranged laterally on the U-shaped sheet metal angle in such a way that, based on a longitudinal axis of the sheet metal angle, they project laterally from the latter in opposite directions.
  • the fastening lugs rest together with the brush holder on the mounting surface or are arranged in a common mounting plane.
  • the brush holder is also designed in such a way that the holding lug, which in turn engages in the reach-through opening of the brush holder, is embodied on at least one fastening lug of the sheet metal angle.
  • the retaining tab holds the brush in the retaining position in the brush holder in such a way that the brush does not protrude too far out of the brush holder and could be a hindrance when mounted on an electrical machine.
  • the fastening lug is formed with the retaining lug inclined by the angle ⁇ relative to the mounting surface or to the mounting plane. This means that when the brush module is placed on the mounting surface on the electrical machine, at least the fastening lug with the retaining lug does not rest on the mounting surface, but instead protrudes from it in accordance with the inclination of the angle ⁇ . A wedge-shaped, free space is then formed between the mounting surface and the relevant fastening strap. When the fastening straps of the electric machine are fastened, for example by screwing, the fastening strap with the holding strap is then necessarily pressed against the mounting surface, so that all the fastening straps lie in the mounting plane.
  • the fastening lug with the holding lug is consequently pivoted through the angle ⁇ , with the holding lug then being able to release the brush in the restrained position.
  • the brush can thus be released in one operation with the attachment of the brush module to the electrical machine and transferred to a contact position without having to remove special attachment means on the brush.
  • An assembly of the brush module can be significantly simplified.
  • the angle ⁇ is 5° to 50°.
  • the angle ⁇ can then be dimensioned such that the retaining tab is moved by a distance that is required to release the brush by pivoting the relevant fastening tab by the angle ⁇ .
  • through-openings for a screw can be formed in the fastening straps.
  • the through-openings can be in the form of a bore, a slot or a slit. It is essential that the through-openings can be penetrated by a screw or another fastening means, such as a rivet or the like. It is then possible to securely fasten the brush module to the electrical machine with a non-positive and/or positive fit. If the passage openings are formed with sufficient play, fine adjustment of the brush module is also possible possible in the mounting position.
  • the fastening lug with the holding lug can then also be deformed with a screw in such a way that the fastening lug is inclined by the angle ⁇ .
  • the fastening lug which has the retaining lug, is connected to the U-shaped sheet metal angle via a flexible hinge.
  • the fastening lug can then be formed integrally with the U-shaped sheet metal angle without a special arrangement or fastening of the fastening lug on the U-shaped sheet metal angle being required.
  • the bendable hinge can then be formed by the U-shaped sheet metal angle or the fastening strap itself.
  • the holding tab can also be formed by the fastening tab itself.
  • Such a sheet metal angle can be produced inexpensively simply by punching out and bending sheet metal.
  • the brush can be designed with a groove running in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the brush, in which the retaining tab can engage, wherein the groove can form a shoulder at a proximal end of the brush, the retaining tab together with the shoulder forming a rear stop for the brush can form.
  • the groove can therefore be formed in the brush along the latter without running continuously in the latter. If the groove is not formed all the way to the proximal end of the brush, a shoulder remains at the end of the groove, which enables the brush to be held in a form-fitting manner in the brush holder by resting on the holding tab.
  • a guide tab can be formed at a distal end of the brush holder, which guide tab engages in the groove, the guide tab forming a front stop for the brush together with the shoulder.
  • the guide tab can be formed in the manner of a bead in a wall of the brush holder, the bead then engaging in the groove.
  • the shoulder formed by the groove comes to rest on the guide tab when the brush is almost completely moved out of the brush holder. This can be the case, for example, when the brush is largely used up due to abrasive wear is.
  • the formation of the front stop can prevent the brush from falling out of the brush holder.
  • the brush holder can have a positioning recess into which a positioning tab formed by the sheet metal angle engages. Accordingly, a further tab can be formed on the U-shaped sheet metal angle, which engages positively in the positioning recess and thus enables precise positioning of the brush holder relative to the U-shaped sheet metal angle. An assembly of the brush holder and the U-shaped sheet metal angle is then possible simply by plugging them together without requiring a special alignment in the desired relative position.
  • the sheet metal bracket can have the positioning recess and the brush holder can have the positioning tab.
  • a plurality of positioning recesses can also be provided, so that positioning in different, predetermined positions is possible.
  • the sheet metal angle can have laterally protruding positioning tabs, which are arranged parallel to one another, for fastening the brush holder to parallel side surfaces of a carrier forming the mounting surface.
  • the relative spacing of the positioning tabs can be dimensioned in such a way that the brush holder or the sheet metal bracket can be attached to the carrier and can be fixed between the positioning tabs with the formation of spring tension.
  • the brush module can be attached to the carrier like this simply be pre-positioned, which makes it easier to assemble the brush module. Holding the brush module or aligning it more precisely is then no longer absolutely necessary in the case of manual assembly. Screwing screws into the carrier or the mounting surface is thus significantly simplified.
  • the electric machine according to the invention in particular an electric motor, therefore has a brush module according to the invention.
  • the electrical machine can be produced more cost-effectively as a result of the simplified assembly of the brush module.
  • the fastening tab is inclined by the angle ⁇ and brought into contact with the mounting surface, with the inclination by the angle ⁇ releasing the retaining tab and the brush is moved into a contact position.
  • the fastening lug is fastened to the mounting surface using a screw
  • the fastening lug is pivoted through the angle ⁇ in such a way that the fastening lug reaches the mounting plane, with the pivoting of the fastening lug also pivoting the holding lug through the angle ⁇ and out of the reach-through opening is moved so far that the brush is no longer held in a form-fitting manner in the brush holder or in the retention position of the holding tab.
  • the brush can now move out of the brush holder, preferably far enough for the brush to come into contact with the slip ring. Consequently, with the assembly of the brush module on the assembly surface of the electrical machine, the brush is also unlocked or released without a further work step being necessary.
  • a synopsis of Figures 1 to 4 shows a brush module 10 in different views.
  • the brush module 10 is used for electrical contacting of a slip ring of an electrical machine, not shown here, and includes a brush holder 11, a mounting device 12 and a brush 13.
  • the brush 13 consists essentially of a carbon material and is inserted into the brush holder 11 and held therein so that it can move longitudinally.
  • the brush holder 11 forms a receiving sleeve 14 for the brush 13 and includes a spring 15, which exerts a pressing force on the brush 13 in the direction of a longitudinal axis 16 of the receiving sleeve 14, so that the brush 13 is pressed with the pressing force against the slip ring, not shown here can.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the brush module 10 before a final assembly on the carrier 20, the brush 13 being in a retention position 24 in the brush holder 11 here.
  • a reach-through opening 25 is formed in the brush holder 11, in which a holding tab 26, which is formed on a fastening tab 18, engages.
  • the retaining lug 26 holds the brush 13 in a form-fitting manner in the retaining position 24 , the fastening lug 18 with the retaining lug 26 being inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the mounting surface 19 .
  • a groove 27 is formed in the brush 13 and forms a shoulder 29 at a proximal end 28 of the brush 13 .
  • the retaining tab 26 engages in the groove 27 and, by resting against the shoulder 29, prevents the brush 13 from being pushed out of the receiving sleeve 14 by the spring 15.
  • the 3 and 4 show the brush module 10 after the brush module 10 has been mounted on the carrier 20 by screwing it to the carrier 20.
  • the fastening tabs 18 are arranged here in a common mounting plane 30 with the mounting surface 19. When screwing, the fastening tabs 18 are bent or approached by the respective angles ⁇ and ⁇ in the direction of the mounting plane 30 or the mounting surface 19 until they lie flat against the mounting surface 19 .
  • the fastening tab 18 is pivoted with the retaining tab 26, the retaining tab 26 is moved out of the groove 27 so far that the shoulder 29 is released.
  • the brush 13 can now be pushed into the in 4 shown contact position 31 or the position reached at the wear end of the brush 13 can be moved.
  • a guide tab 33 is formed on a distal end 32 of the receiving sleeve 14, which engages in the groove 27 and on which the shoulder 29 rests can reach.
  • the guide tab essentially prevents the brush 13 from falling out of the receiving sleeve 14.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bürstenmodul sowie ein Verfahren zur Montage eines Bürstenmoduls für eine elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Elektromotor, wobei das Bürstenmodul zumindest eine Bürste zur elektrischen Kontaktierung eines Schleifrings der Maschine aufweist, wobei das Bürstenmodul eine Montagevorrichtung und einen Bürstenhalter zur Aufnahme und Halterung der Bürste aufweist, wobei die Montagevorrichtung als ein U-förmiger Blechwinkel ausgebildet ist, der den Bürstenhalter übergreift, wobei der Blechwinkel seitlich abstehende Befestigungslaschen zur Befestigung des Bürstenhalters an einer Montagefläche aufweist. US 2 947 895 A offenbart ein Bürstenmodul mit diesen Merkmalen gemäß des Oberbegriffs von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a brush module and a method for assembling a brush module for an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, the brush module having at least one brush for making electrical contact with a slip ring of the machine, the brush module having an assembly device and a brush holder for receiving and holding the brush , wherein the mounting device is designed as a U-shaped sheet metal bracket which overlaps the brush holder, the sheet metal bracket having laterally protruding fastening tabs for fastening the brush holder to a mounting surface. U.S. 2,947,895 A discloses a brush module having these features according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Bürstenmodule sind aus dem Stand der Technik hinreichend bekannt und dienen regelmäßig zur Positionierung und Befestigung einer Bürste an beispielsweise einem Schleifring oder einem Kommutator eines Elektromotors. Die Bürste, welche beispielsweise eine Kohlenstoffbürste sein kann, ist dann in einem Bürstenhalter angeordnet, wobei der Bürstenhalter die Bürste an ihren Längsseiten im Wesentlichen umgibt. Die Bürste ist in dem Bürstenhalter längsbeweglich aufgenommen und wird in Richtung auf den Schleifring mit einer Federkraft beaufschlagt, sodass die Bürste an den Schleifring zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Kontaktverbindung angedrückt wird.Such brush modules are well known from the prior art and are regularly used to position and attach a brush to, for example, a slip ring or a commutator of an electric motor. The brush, which can be a carbon brush, for example, is then arranged in a brush holder, with the brush holder essentially surrounding the brush on its longitudinal sides. The brush is accommodated in the brush holder and can be moved longitudinally is acted upon in the direction of the slip ring with a spring force, so that the brush is pressed against the slip ring to produce an electrical contact connection.

Die Montagevorrichtung dient im Wesentlichen zur Vereinfachung einer Montage des Bürstenhalters an der elektrischen Maschine. Die Montagevorrichtung ist aus einem U-förmigen Blechwinkel ausgebildet, der den Bürstenhalter übergreift und zwei seitlich abstehende Befestigungslaschen aufweist. Der Bürstenhalter ist demnach in den U-förmigen Blechwinkel im Wesentlichen spielfrei eingesetzt, sodass eine Fixierung des Bürstenhalters mit dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel in Art einer Schelle an der elektrischen Maschine benachbart an den Schleifring möglich ist. Die Befestigungslaschen können zur Fixierung bzw. Montage des Bürstenhalters mittels Schrauben mit der elektrischen Maschine bzw. einer Montagefläche, auf der der Bürstenhalter und die Befestigungslaschen aufliegen, verschraubt werden.The assembly device essentially serves to simplify assembly of the brush holder on the electrical machine. The assembly device is formed from a U-shaped sheet metal angle, which overlaps the brush holder and has two laterally protruding fastening tabs. The brush holder is therefore inserted into the U-shaped sheet metal angle essentially without play, so that the brush holder can be fixed to the U-shaped sheet metal angle in the manner of a clamp on the electrical machine adjacent to the slip ring. In order to fix or mount the brush holder, the fastening straps can be screwed to the electrical machine or to a mounting surface on which the brush holder and the fastening straps lie by means of screws.

Nachteilig bei den bekannten Bürstenmodulen ist, dass die Bürste aus dem Bürstenhalter durch die Beaufschlagung der Federkraft stets herausgedrückt wird und daher eine Montage des Bürstenhalters an der elektrischen Maschine schwierig ist. So ist eine genaue Positionierung des Bürstenhalters mittels der in die Befestigungslaschen einzusetzenden Schrauben aufgrund der durch die Anlage der Bürste an dem Schleifring bewirkten Federkraft erschwert. Weiter ist es bekannt, die Bürste mit Befestigungsmitteln in einer Rückhalteposition in dem Bürstenhalter zu arretieren, um eine Montage des Bürstenmoduls mit Schrauben an der elektrischen Maschine bzw. dem Schleifring zu erleichtern. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass nach der Montage diese Befestigungsmittel entfernt werden müssen bzw. die Bürste in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt so freigegeben werden muss, dass die Bürste in einer Kontaktposition am Schleifring anliegen kann.A disadvantage of the known brush modules is that the brush is constantly pushed out of the brush holder by the action of the spring force and it is therefore difficult to mount the brush holder on the electrical machine. Precise positioning of the brush holder by means of the screws to be inserted into the fastening straps is made more difficult because of the spring force caused by the brush resting against the slip ring. It is also known to lock the brush in a retaining position in the brush holder with fastening means in order to facilitate assembly of the brush module with screws on the electrical machine or the slip ring. The disadvantage, however, is that these fastening means have to be removed after assembly or the brush has to be released in a further work step in such a way that the brush can rest against the slip ring in a contact position.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bürstenmodul und ein Verfahren zur Montage eines Bürstenmoduls vorzuschlagen, das eine einfachere Montage des Bürstenmoduls ermöglicht.The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a brush module and a method for assembling a brush module that enables simpler assembly of the brush module.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Bürstenmodul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, eine elektrische Maschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13 und ein Verfahren zur Montage eines Bürstenmoduls mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 14 gelöst.This object is achieved by a brush module having the features of claim 1, an electrical machine having the features of claim 13 and a method for assembling a brush module having the features of claim 14.

Das erfindungsgemäße Bürstenmodul für eine elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Elektromotor, weist zumindest eine Bürste zur elektrischen Kontaktierung eines Schleifrings der Maschine auf, wobei das Bürstenmodul eine Montagevorrichtung und einen Bürstenhalter zur Aufnahme und Halterung der Bürste aufweist, wobei die Montagevorrichtung als ein U-förmiger Blechwinkel ausgebildet ist, der den Bürstenhalter übergreift, wobei der Blechwinkel seitlich abstehende Befestigungslaschen zur Befestigung des Bürstenhalters an einer Montagefläche aufweist, wobei in dem Bürstenhalter eine Durchgrifföffnung ausgebildet ist, wobei in die Durchgrifföffnung eine an einer Befestigungslasche des Blechwinkels ausgebildete Haltelasche eingreift und die Bürste in einer Rückhalteposition in dem Bürstenhalter formschlüssig haltert, wobei die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche relativ zu der Montagefläche des Bürstenhalters um einen Winkel α geneigt ausgebildet ist, wobei die Befestigungslasche zur Anlage an der Montagefläche um den Winkel α neigbar ausgebildet ist, wobei bei einer Neigung um den Winkel α die Haltelasche die Bürste freigeben und die Bürste in eine Kontaktposition bewegen kann.The brush module according to the invention for an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, has at least one brush for making electrical contact with a slip ring of the machine, the brush module having an assembly device and a brush holder for receiving and holding the brush, the assembly device being designed as a U-shaped sheet metal angle which overlaps the brush holder, the sheet metal angle having laterally protruding fastening lugs for fastening the brush holder to a mounting surface, a reach-through opening being formed in the brush holder, a holding shackle formed on a fastening shackle of the sheet-metal angle engaging in the reach-through opening and the brush in a restraining position held positively in the brush holder, the fastening tab with the retaining tab being inclined by an angle α relative to the mounting surface of the brush holder, the fastening tab being designed to be tiltable by the angle α to rest on the mounting surface, with an inclination by the angle α the retaining tab can release the brush and move the brush to a contact position.

Das Bürstenmodul für die rotierende elektrische Maschine weist demnach den Bürstenhalter auf, der in Art eines Schafts ausgebildet ist und die Bürste bzw. Kohlebürste längsbeweglich aufnimmt. Der Bürstenhalter ist von der Montagevorrichtung bzw. dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel zur Montage des Bürstenhalters an der elektrischen Maschine in Art einer Klammer umgeben, sodass der Bürstenhalter auf der Montagefläche an der elektrischen Maschine aufliegt. Die Befestigungslaschen sind dabei so seitlich an dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel angeordnet, dass diese bezogen auf eine Längsachse des Blechwinkels von diesem in jeweils entgegengesetzte Richtungen seitlich auskragen. In einem befestigten Zustand bzw. einer Montagekonfiguration des Bürstenmoduls liegen die Befestigungslaschen zusammen mit dem Bürstenhalter an der Montagefläche an bzw. sind in einer gemeinsamen Montageebene angeordnet. Der Bürstenhalter ist weiter so ausgebildet, dass an zumindest einer Befestigungslasche des Blechwinkels die Haltelasche ausgebildet ist, die wiederum in die Durchgrifföffnung des Bürstenhalters eingreift. Die Haltelasche haltert dabei die Bürste in der Rückhalteposition im Bürstenhalter derart, dass die Bürste nicht weit aus dem Bürstenhalter herausragt und bei einer Montage an einer elektrischen Maschine hinderlich sein könnte.The brush module for the rotating electrical machine accordingly has the brush holder, which is designed in the manner of a shaft and accommodates the brush or carbon brush in a longitudinally movable manner. The brush holder is surrounded by the mounting device or the U-shaped sheet metal bracket for mounting the brush holder on the electric machine in the manner of a clamp, so that the brush holder on the mounting surface rests on the electrical machine. The fastening lugs are arranged laterally on the U-shaped sheet metal angle in such a way that, based on a longitudinal axis of the sheet metal angle, they project laterally from the latter in opposite directions. In a fastened state or an assembly configuration of the brush module, the fastening lugs rest together with the brush holder on the mounting surface or are arranged in a common mounting plane. The brush holder is also designed in such a way that the holding lug, which in turn engages in the reach-through opening of the brush holder, is embodied on at least one fastening lug of the sheet metal angle. The retaining tab holds the brush in the retaining position in the brush holder in such a way that the brush does not protrude too far out of the brush holder and could be a hindrance when mounted on an electrical machine.

Die Befestigungslasche ist mit der Haltelasche relativ zu der Montagefläche bzw. zu der Montageebene um den Winkel α geneigt ausgebildet. Das heißt, bei einem Auflegen des Bürstenmoduls auf die Montagefläche an der elektrischen Maschine liegt zumindest die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche nicht an der Montagefläche an, sondern steht von dieser vielmehr entsprechend der Neigung des Winkels α ab. Zwischen der Montagefläche und der betreffenden Befestigungslasche ist dann ein keilförmiger, freier Raum ausgebildet. Bei einem Befestigen der Befestigungslaschen der elektrischen Maschine durch beispielsweise Verschrauben wird die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche dann zwangsläufig an die Montagefläche angedrückt, sodass alle Befestigungslaschen in der Montageebene liegen. Die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche wird folglich um den Winkel α verschwenkt, wobei die Haltelasche dann die Bürste in der Rückhalteposition freigeben kann. Die Bürste kann somit in einem Arbeitsgang mit dem Befestigen des Bürstenmoduls an der elektrischen Maschine freigegeben und in eine Kontaktposition überführt werden, ohne dass besondere Befestigungsmittel an der Bürste entfernt werden müssten. Eine Montage des Bürstenmoduls kann so wesentlich vereinfacht werden.The fastening lug is formed with the retaining lug inclined by the angle α relative to the mounting surface or to the mounting plane. This means that when the brush module is placed on the mounting surface on the electrical machine, at least the fastening lug with the retaining lug does not rest on the mounting surface, but instead protrudes from it in accordance with the inclination of the angle α. A wedge-shaped, free space is then formed between the mounting surface and the relevant fastening strap. When the fastening straps of the electric machine are fastened, for example by screwing, the fastening strap with the holding strap is then necessarily pressed against the mounting surface, so that all the fastening straps lie in the mounting plane. The fastening lug with the holding lug is consequently pivoted through the angle α, with the holding lug then being able to release the brush in the restrained position. The brush can thus be released in one operation with the attachment of the brush module to the electrical machine and transferred to a contact position without having to remove special attachment means on the brush. An assembly of the brush module can be significantly simplified.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Befestigungslasche zur Anlage an der Montagefläche um den Winkel α neigbar ausgebildet, wobei bei einer Neigung um den Winkel α die Haltelasche die Bürste freigeben und die Bürste in eine Kontaktposition bewegen kann. Die Haltelasche kann dann unmittelbar an die Befestigungslasche gekoppelt sein, sodass die Haltelasche einer Schwenkbewegung der Befestigungslasche folgt. Die Haltelasche haltert dann die Bürste nicht mehr formschlüssig bzw. gibt die Bürste frei. Prinzipiell kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass jede der Befestigungslaschen eine Haltelasche aufweist, die dann in eine jeweilige Durchgrifföffnung in den Bürstenhalter eingreift. Wesentlich ist eine Neigung der Befestigungslasche relativ zu der Montagefläche, die so beschaffen sein kann, dass bei einer Montage die Neigung beseitigt werden muss bzw. eine Bewegung der Haltelasche für die Montage erforderlich wird. Vorzugsweise ist jedoch vorgesehen, nur eine Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche auszubilden. Die gegenüberliegende Befestigungslasche kann dann ohne eine entsprechende Neigung gegenüber einer Montagefläche ausgebildet oder um einen Winkel β geneigt sein.According to the invention, the fastening lug is designed to be tiltable by the angle α to rest on the mounting surface, with the retaining lug releasing the brush and being able to move the brush into a contact position when inclined by the angle α. The retaining tab can then be coupled directly to the fastening tab, so that the retaining tab follows a pivoting movement of the fastening tab. The holding tab then no longer holds the brush in a form-fitting manner or releases the brush. In principle, it can also be provided that each of the fastening lugs has a holding lug, which then engages in a respective reach-through opening in the brush holder. What is essential is an inclination of the fastening lug relative to the mounting surface, which can be such that the inclination has to be eliminated during assembly or a movement of the holding lug is required for assembly. However, it is preferably provided that only one fastening lug is formed with the holding lug. The opposite fastening lug can then be designed without a corresponding inclination in relation to a mounting surface or can be inclined by an angle β.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Winkel α 5° bis 50° beträgt. Je nach Ausbildung der Haltelasche und der Bürste kann der Winkel α dann so bemessen sein, dass durch ein Verschwenken der betreffenden Befestigungslasche um den Winkel α die Haltelasche um einen Weg bewegt wird, der zur Freigabe der Bürste erforderlich ist.It is particularly advantageous if the angle α is 5° to 50°. Depending on the design of the retaining tab and the brush, the angle α can then be dimensioned such that the retaining tab is moved by a distance that is required to release the brush by pivoting the relevant fastening tab by the angle α.

In den Befestigungslaschen können jeweils Durchgangsöffnungen für eine Schraube ausgebildet sein. Die Durchgangsöffnungen können in Art einer Bohrung, eines Langlochs oder eines Schlitzes ausgebildet sein. Wesentlich ist, dass die Durchgangsöffnungen von einer Schraube oder auch einem anderen Befestigungsmittel, wie beispielsweise einem Niet oder dergleichen, durchsetzt werden können. So ist es dann möglich, das Bürstenmodul kraft- und/oder formschlüssig an der elektrischen Maschine sicher zu befestigen. Wenn die Durchgangsöffnungen mit einem ausreichenden Spiel ausgebildet sind, ist auch eine Feinjustierung des Bürstenmoduls in der Montageposition möglich. Mit einer Schraube kann dann auch die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche bei einem Anziehen der Schraube so verformt werden, dass die Befestigungslasche um den Winkel α geneigt wird.In each case through-openings for a screw can be formed in the fastening straps. The through-openings can be in the form of a bore, a slot or a slit. It is essential that the through-openings can be penetrated by a screw or another fastening means, such as a rivet or the like. It is then possible to securely fasten the brush module to the electrical machine with a non-positive and/or positive fit. If the passage openings are formed with sufficient play, fine adjustment of the brush module is also possible possible in the mounting position. When the screw is tightened, the fastening lug with the holding lug can then also be deformed with a screw in such a way that the fastening lug is inclined by the angle α.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Befestigungslasche, die die Haltelasche aufweist, mit dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel über ein biegbares Scharnier verbunden ist. Die Befestigungslasche kann dann integral mit dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel ausgebildet sein, ohne dass eine besondere Anordnung bzw. Befestigung der Befestigungslasche an dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel erforderlich wäre. Das biegbare Scharnier kann dann von dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel bzw. der Befestigungslasche selbst ausgebildet sein. Auch kann die Haltelasche von der Befestigungslasche selbst ausgebildet sein. Ein derartiger Blechwinkel kann einfach durch Ausstanzen und Biegen von Blech kostengünstig hergestellt werden.It is particularly advantageous if the fastening lug, which has the retaining lug, is connected to the U-shaped sheet metal angle via a flexible hinge. The fastening lug can then be formed integrally with the U-shaped sheet metal angle without a special arrangement or fastening of the fastening lug on the U-shaped sheet metal angle being required. The bendable hinge can then be formed by the U-shaped sheet metal angle or the fastening strap itself. The holding tab can also be formed by the fastening tab itself. Such a sheet metal angle can be produced inexpensively simply by punching out and bending sheet metal.

Das Scharnier kann durch eine Materialschwächung in einer Biegekante am Blechwinkel ausgebildet sein. Eine Materialschwächung kann beispielsweise eine Einkerbung, eine Ausnehmung oder eine Durchgangsöffnung in dem Blech sein. So kann die Materialschwächung ein Langloch sein, welches entlang der Biegekante verläuft, sodass ein Verschwenken der Befestigungslasche an der Biegekante ohne großen Kraftaufwand möglich ist. Überdies kann so auch eine unerwünschte Verformung des U-förmigen Blechwinkels bzw. der Befestigungslasche an anderen Stellen verhindert werden.The hinge can be formed by weakening the material in a bending edge on the sheet metal angle. A weakening of the material can be, for example, a notch, a recess or a through opening in the metal sheet. The weakening of the material can be an elongated hole, which runs along the bending edge, so that the fastening tab can be pivoted on the bending edge without great effort. In addition, an undesired deformation of the U-shaped sheet metal angle or the fastening strap can be prevented at other points.

Der Bürstenhalter kann eine Aufnahmehülse, in der die Bürste längsverschieblich gehaltert ist, und eine Federeinrichtung aufweisen, wobei die Federeinrichtung dann so ausgebildet sein kann, dass sie eine Andrucckraft in Richtung einer Längsachse der Aufnahmehülse auf die Bürste ausübt, wobei die Durchgrifföffnung in der Aufnahmehülse ausgebildet sein kann. Die Aufnahmehülse kann dann einen Aufnahmeraum für die Bürste ausbilden, in dem die Bürste eingesetzt ist und von seitlichen Wandlungen der Aufnahmehülse in der Richtung der Längsachse geführt wird. Die Andruckkraft kann von der Federeinrichtung im Bereich eines Kontaktendes der Bürste auf diesem bewirkt werden. Die Federeinrichtung kann von einer Rollbandfeder, Spiralfeder oder einer Blattfeder ausgebildet sein. In einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsform kann eine als Druckfeder ausgebildete Spiralfeder in die Aufnahmehülse eingesetzt sein.The brush holder can have a receiving sleeve, in which the brush is held in a longitudinally displaceable manner, and a spring device, in which case the spring device can then be designed in such a way that it exerts a pressing force on the brush in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the receiving sleeve, with the reach-through opening being formed in the receiving sleeve can be. The receiving sleeve can then form a receiving space for the brush, in which the brush is inserted and guided by lateral walls of the receiving sleeve in the direction of the longitudinal axis becomes. The pressing force can be brought about by the spring device in the area of a contact end of the brush on the latter. The spring device can be formed by a coil spring, spiral spring or leaf spring. In a particularly simple embodiment, a spiral spring designed as a compression spring can be inserted into the receiving sleeve.

Weiter kann die Bürste mit einer in Richtung einer Längsachse der Bürste verlaufenden Nut ausgebildet sein, in die die Haltelasche eingreifen kann, wobei die Nut an einem proximalen Ende der Bürste einen Absatz ausbilden kann, wobei die Haltelasche zusammen mit dem Absatz einen hinteren Anschlag für die Bürste ausbilden kann. Die Nut kann demnach entlang der Bürste in dieser ausgebildet sein, ohne durchgängig in dieser zu verlaufen. Wenn die Nut nicht ganz bis zu dem proximalen Ende der Bürste ausgebildet ist, verbleibt ein Absatz an dem Ende der Nut, der durch die Anlage an der Haltelasche eine formschlüssige Halterung der Bürste in dem Bürstenhalter ermöglicht. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, die Nut in Art einer Ausnehmung auszubilden, die alleine für einen Eingriff der Haltelasche dient. Beim Verschwenken der Haltelasche wird eine Freigabe der Bürste dadurch möglich, dass die Haltelasche aus der Nut bzw. der Ausnehmung herausbewegt wird.Furthermore, the brush can be designed with a groove running in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the brush, in which the retaining tab can engage, wherein the groove can form a shoulder at a proximal end of the brush, the retaining tab together with the shoulder forming a rear stop for the brush can form. The groove can therefore be formed in the brush along the latter without running continuously in the latter. If the groove is not formed all the way to the proximal end of the brush, a shoulder remains at the end of the groove, which enables the brush to be held in a form-fitting manner in the brush holder by resting on the holding tab. Alternatively, it is also possible to form the groove in the manner of a recess, which is used solely for engaging the retaining tab. When the retaining tab is pivoted, the brush can be released in that the retaining tab is moved out of the groove or recess.

An einem distalen Ende des Bürstenhalters kann eine Führungslasche ausgebildet sein, die in die Nut eingreift, wobei die Führungslasche zusammen mit dem Absatz einen vorderen Anschlag für die Bürste ausbildet. Die Führungslasche kann in Art einer Sicke in einer Wandung des Bürstenhalters ausgebildet sein, wobei die Sicke dann in die Nut eingreift. Der von der Nut ausgebildete Absatz gelangt dann bei einer Längsbewegung der Bürste aus dem Bürstenhalter heraus an der Führungslasche zur Anlage, wenn die Bürste nahezu vollständig aus dem Bürstenhalter herausbewegt ist. Dies kann beispielsweise dann der Fall sein, wenn die Bürste durch abrasiven Abtrag weitestgehend aufgebraucht ist. Durch die Ausbildung des vorderen Anschlags kann verhindert werden, dass die Bürste aus dem Bürstenhalter herausfällt.A guide tab can be formed at a distal end of the brush holder, which guide tab engages in the groove, the guide tab forming a front stop for the brush together with the shoulder. The guide tab can be formed in the manner of a bead in a wall of the brush holder, the bead then engaging in the groove. During a longitudinal movement of the brush out of the brush holder, the shoulder formed by the groove comes to rest on the guide tab when the brush is almost completely moved out of the brush holder. This can be the case, for example, when the brush is largely used up due to abrasive wear is. The formation of the front stop can prevent the brush from falling out of the brush holder.

Der Bürstenhalter kann eine Positionierausnehmung aufweisen, in die eine von dem Blechwinkel ausgebildete Positionierlasche eingreift. An dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel kann demnach eine weitere Lasche ausgebildet sein, die formschlüssig in die Positionierausnehmung eingreift und so eine genaue Positionierung des Bürstenhalters relativ zu dem U-förmigen Blechwinkel ermöglicht. Eine Montage von Bürstenhalter und U-förmigem Blechwinkel ist dann einfach durch Zusammenstecken möglich, ohne dass eine besondere Ausrichtung in der gewünschten Relativposition erforderlich ist. Umgekehrt kann der Blechwinkel die Positionierausnehmung und der Bürstenhalter die Positionierlasche aufweisen. Auch können mehrere Positionierausnehmungen vorgesehen sein, sodass eine Positionierung in verschiedenen, vorbestimmten Positionen möglich wird.The brush holder can have a positioning recess into which a positioning tab formed by the sheet metal angle engages. Accordingly, a further tab can be formed on the U-shaped sheet metal angle, which engages positively in the positioning recess and thus enables precise positioning of the brush holder relative to the U-shaped sheet metal angle. An assembly of the brush holder and the U-shaped sheet metal angle is then possible simply by plugging them together without requiring a special alignment in the desired relative position. Conversely, the sheet metal bracket can have the positioning recess and the brush holder can have the positioning tab. A plurality of positioning recesses can also be provided, so that positioning in different, predetermined positions is possible.

Die Positionierausnehmung kann von der Durchgrifföffnung ausgebildet sein. Vorteilhaft kann die Durchgrifföffnung so ausgebildet sein, dass die Positionierlasche in die Durchgrifföffnung eingreift. Die Positionierlasche ist dann insbesondere so ausgebildet, dass sie nicht mit der Bürste in Kontakt gelangt. Auch ist wesentlich, dass die Positionierlasche nicht mit der Befestigungslasche direkt verbunden ist, da sonst eine Bewegung der Positionierlasche bei einer Montage möglich wäre. Auch kann die Durchgrifföffnung so groß ausgebildet sein, dass die Positionierlasche und die Haltelasche in diese eingreifen können.The positioning recess can be formed by the reach-through opening. The reach-through opening can advantageously be designed in such a way that the positioning tab engages in the reach-through opening. The positioning tab is then designed in particular in such a way that it does not come into contact with the brush. It is also essential that the positioning lug is not directly connected to the fastening lug, since otherwise the positioning lug could move during assembly. The reach-through opening can also be made so large that the positioning tab and the holding tab can engage in it.

Der Blechwinkel kann seitlich abstehende, relativ zueinander parallel angeordnete Positionierlaschen zum Befestigen des Bürstenhalters an parallelen Seitenflächen eines die Montagefläche ausbildenden Trägers aufweisen. Die Positionierlaschen können in ihrem Relativabstand so bemessen sein, dass der Bürstenhalter bzw. der Blechwinkel an dem Träger aufgesteckt und unter Ausbildung einer Federspannung zwischen den Positionierlaschen fixierbar ist. Das Bürstenmodul kann an dem Träger so einfach vorpositioniert werden, was eine Montage des Bürstenmoduls erleichtert. Ein Festhalten des Bürstenmoduls oder auch ein genaueres Ausrichten desselben ist dann bei einer manuellen Montage nicht mehr zwangsläufig erforderlich. Ein Eindrehen von Schrauben in den Träger bzw. die Montagefläche wird so wesentlich vereinfacht.The sheet metal angle can have laterally protruding positioning tabs, which are arranged parallel to one another, for fastening the brush holder to parallel side surfaces of a carrier forming the mounting surface. The relative spacing of the positioning tabs can be dimensioned in such a way that the brush holder or the sheet metal bracket can be attached to the carrier and can be fixed between the positioning tabs with the formation of spring tension. The brush module can be attached to the carrier like this simply be pre-positioned, which makes it easier to assemble the brush module. Holding the brush module or aligning it more precisely is then no longer absolutely necessary in the case of manual assembly. Screwing screws into the carrier or the mounting surface is thus significantly simplified.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Bürstenhalter aus Blech ausgebildet. Die Durchgrifföffnung kann dann einfach durch Stanzen ausgebildet sein. Weiter kann der schaftförmige Bürstenhalter durch Biegen des Blechs kostengünstig hergestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the brush holder is made of sheet metal. The reach-through opening can then be formed simply by punching. Furthermore, the shank-shaped brush holder can be manufactured inexpensively by bending the sheet metal.

Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Elektromotor, weist daher ein erfindungsgemäßes Bürstenmodul auf. Durch die vereinfachte Montage des Bürstenmoduls wird die elektrische Maschine kostengünstiger herstellbar.The electric machine according to the invention, in particular an electric motor, therefore has a brush module according to the invention. The electrical machine can be produced more cost-effectively as a result of the simplified assembly of the brush module.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Montage eines Bürstenmoduls an einer elektrischen Maschine, insbesondere Elektromotor, erfolgt mit zumindest einer Bürste des Bürstenmoduls eine elektrische Kontaktierung eines Schleifrings der Maschine, wobei die Bürste in einem Bürstenhalter des Bürstenmoduls aufgenommen und gehaltert wird, wobei eine Montagevorrichtung des Bürstenmoduls als ein U-förmiger Blechwinkel ausgebildet wird, der den Bürstenhalter übergreift, wobei der Blechwinkel mit seitlich abstehenden Befestigungslaschen ausgebildet wird, wobei der Bürstenhalter an einer Montagefläche mittels der Befestigungslaschen befestigt wird, wobei in dem Bürstenhalter eine Durchgrifföffnung ausgebildet wird, wobei in die Durchgrifföffnung eine an einer Befestigungslasche des Blechwinkels ausgebildete Haltelasche eingreift und die Bürste in einer Rückhalteposition in dem Bürstenhalter formschlüssig haltert, wobei die Befestigungslasche mit der Haltelasche relativ zu der Montagefläche des Bürstenhalters um einen Winkel α geneigt ausgebildet wird, wobei die Befestigungslasche um den Winkel α geneigt und zur Anlage an der Montagefläche gebracht wird, wobei bei der Neigung um den Winkel α die Haltelasche die Bürste freigibt und die Bürste in eine Kontaktposition bewegt wird. Zu den Vorteilen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird auf die Vorteilsbeschreibung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung verwiesen.In the method according to the invention for mounting a brush module on an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, electrical contact is made with at least one brush of the brush module of a slip ring of the machine, with the brush being received and held in a brush holder of the brush module, with a mounting device of the brush module being used as a a U-shaped sheet metal angle is formed which overlaps the brush holder, the sheet metal angle being formed with laterally protruding fastening lugs, the brush holder being fastened to a mounting surface by means of the fastening lugs, a reach-through opening being formed in the brush holder, with a a fastening tab of the sheet metal angle engages and positively holds the brush in a retaining position in the brush holder, the fastening tab with the retaining tab being inclined by an angle α relative to the mounting surface of the brush holder, the fastening tab being inclined by the angle α and to rest is brought to the mounting surface, with the inclination by the angle α, the retaining tab releases the brush and the Brush is moved to a contact position. For the advantages of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the description of the advantages of the device according to the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Befestigungslasche um den Winkel α geneigt und zur Anlage an der Montagefläche gebracht, wobei bei der Neigung um den Winkel α die Haltelasche die Bürste freigibt und die Bürste in eine Kontaktposition bewegt wird. Bei der beispielsweisen Befestigung der Befestigungslasche an der Montagefläche mittels einer Schraube wird die Befestigungslasche um den Winkel α so verschwenkt, dass die Befestigungslasche in die Montageebene gelangt, wobei durch das Verschwenken der Befestigungslasche die Haltelasche gleichfalls um den Winkel α verschwenkt und aus der Durchgrifföffnung heraus so weit bewegt wird, dass die Bürste nicht mehr formschlüssig in dem Bürstenhalter bzw. in der Rückhalteposition von der Haltelasche gehaltert ist. Die Bürste kann sich nun aus dem Bürstenhalter herausbewegen, vorzugsweise so weit, dass die Bürste in die Kontaktposition an dem Schleifring gelangt. Folglich wird mit der Montage des Bürstenmoduls an der Montagefläche der elektrischen Maschine die Bürste gleichfalls entsichert bzw. freigegeben, ohne dass ein weiterer Arbeitsschritt notwendig wäre.According to the invention, the fastening tab is inclined by the angle α and brought into contact with the mounting surface, with the inclination by the angle α releasing the retaining tab and the brush is moved into a contact position. When, for example, the fastening lug is fastened to the mounting surface using a screw, the fastening lug is pivoted through the angle α in such a way that the fastening lug reaches the mounting plane, with the pivoting of the fastening lug also pivoting the holding lug through the angle α and out of the reach-through opening is moved so far that the brush is no longer held in a form-fitting manner in the brush holder or in the retention position of the holding tab. The brush can now move out of the brush holder, preferably far enough for the brush to come into contact with the slip ring. Consequently, with the assembly of the brush module on the assembly surface of the electrical machine, the brush is also unlocked or released without a further work step being necessary.

Weitere Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens ergeben sich aus den Merkmalsbeschreibungen der auf den Vorrichtungsanspruch 1 zurückbezogenen Unteransprüche.Further embodiments of the method result from the feature descriptions of the dependent claims referring back to the device claim 1 .

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig.1
Eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Bürstenmoduls;
Fig.2
eine Vorderansicht des Bürstenmoduls vor einer Montage des Bürstenmoduls;
Fig. 3
die Vorderansicht des Bürstenmoduls nach der Montage des Bürstenmoduls:
Fig. 4
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Bürstenmoduls nach der Montage des Bürstenmoduls.
Show it:
Fig.1
A perspective view of a brush module;
Fig.2
a front view of the brush module before assembly of the brush module;
3
the front view of the brush module after the assembly of the brush module:
4
a perspective view of the brush module after assembly of the brush module.

Eine Zusammenschau der Fig. 1 bis 4 zeigt ein Bürstenmodul 10 in verschiedenen Ansichten. Das Bürstenmodul 10 dient zur elektrischen Kontaktierung eines Schleifrings einer hier nicht dargestellten elektrischen Maschine und umfasst einen Bürstenhalter 11, eine Montagevorrichtung 12 und eine Bürste 13. Die Bürste 13 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Kohlenstoffmaterial und ist in den Bürstenhalter 11 eingesetzt und darin längsbeweglich gehaltert. Der Bürstenhalter 11 bildet eine Aufnahmehülse 14 für die Bürste 13 aus und umfasst eine Feder 15, die eine Andrucckraft in Richtung einer Längsachse 16 der Aufnahmehülse 14 auf die Bürste 13 ausübt, sodass die Bürste 13 mit der Andruckkraft gegen den hier nicht dargestellten Schleifring gedrückt werden kann.A synopsis of Figures 1 to 4 shows a brush module 10 in different views. The brush module 10 is used for electrical contacting of a slip ring of an electrical machine, not shown here, and includes a brush holder 11, a mounting device 12 and a brush 13. The brush 13 consists essentially of a carbon material and is inserted into the brush holder 11 and held therein so that it can move longitudinally. The brush holder 11 forms a receiving sleeve 14 for the brush 13 and includes a spring 15, which exerts a pressing force on the brush 13 in the direction of a longitudinal axis 16 of the receiving sleeve 14, so that the brush 13 is pressed with the pressing force against the slip ring, not shown here can.

Die Montagevorrichtung 12 ist als ein U-förmiger Blechwinkel 17 ausgebildet, der den Bürstenhalter 11 übergreift und seitlich abstehende Befestigungslaschen 18 zur Befestigung des Bürstenhalters 11 an einer hier nur schematisch dargestellten Montagefläche 19 aufweist. Die Montagefläche 19 wird von einem Träger 20 an der hier nicht dargestellten elektrischen Maschine ausgebildet. Der Träger 20 ist so positioniert, dass das Bürstenmodul 10 in der gewünschten Position an dem Schleifring montiert werden kann. In den Befestigungslaschen 18 sind jeweils Durchgangsöffnungen 21 ausgebildet, durch die jeweils hier nicht dargestellte Schrauben hindurch geführt und mit dem Träger 20 zur Montage des Bürstenmoduls an den Träger 20 verschraubt werden können. An dem Blechwinkel 17 sind weiter seitlich abstehende Positionierlaschen 22 ausgebildet, die zum Befestigen des Bürstenhalters 11 an parallelen Seitenflächen 23 des Trägers 20 dienen. Die Positionierlaschen 22 sind relativ zueinander parallel ausgebildet und so weit voneinander beabstandet, dass zwischen den Positionierlaschen 22 eine Klemmkraft auf die Seitenflächen 23 des Trägers 20 bewirkt werden kann. Dadurch wird es möglich, das Bürstenmodul 10 an dem Träger 20 vorzupositionieren.The mounting device 12 is designed as a U-shaped sheet metal angle 17 which overlaps the brush holder 11 and has laterally protruding fastening lugs 18 for fastening the brush holder 11 to a mounting surface 19, which is only shown schematically here. The mounting surface 19 is formed by a carrier 20 on the electrical machine, not shown here. The carrier 20 is positioned so that the brush module 10 can be mounted in the desired position on the slip ring. Through-openings 21 are formed in each of the fastening lugs 18, through which screws (not shown here) can be guided and screwed to the carrier 20 for mounting the brush module on the carrier 20. Laterally protruding positioning tabs 22 are formed on the sheet metal angle 17 and are used to fasten the brush holder 11 to parallel side surfaces 23 of the carrier 20 . The positioning tabs 22 are formed parallel to one another and are spaced far enough from one another that a clamping force is exerted on the side surfaces between the positioning tabs 22 23 of the carrier 20 can be effected. This makes it possible to pre-position the brush module 10 on the carrier 20 .

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen das Bürstenmodul 10 vor einer abschließenden Montage an dem Träger 20, wobei sich die Bürste 13 hier in einer Rückhalteposition 24 in dem Bürstenhalter 11 befindet. Insbesondere ist in dem Bürstenhalter 11 eine Durchgrifföffnung 25 ausgebildet, in die eine Haltelasche 26, die an einer Befestigungslasche 18 ausgebildet ist, eingreift. Die Haltelasche 26 haltert die Bürste 13 dabei formschlüssig in der Rückhalteposition 24, wobei die Befestigungslasche 18 mit der Haltelasche 26 um einen Winkel α relativ zu der Montagefläche 19 geneigt ausgebildet ist. In der Bürste 13 ist eine Nut 27 ausgebildet, die an einem proximalen Ende 28 der Bürste 13 einen Absatz 29 ausbildet. Die Haltelasche 26 greift in die Nut 27 ein und verhindert durch die Anlage an dem Absatz 29 ein Herausschieben der Bürste 13 aus der Aufnahmehülse 14 durch die Feder 15.The Figures 1 and 2 show the brush module 10 before a final assembly on the carrier 20, the brush 13 being in a retention position 24 in the brush holder 11 here. In particular, a reach-through opening 25 is formed in the brush holder 11, in which a holding tab 26, which is formed on a fastening tab 18, engages. The retaining lug 26 holds the brush 13 in a form-fitting manner in the retaining position 24 , the fastening lug 18 with the retaining lug 26 being inclined at an angle α relative to the mounting surface 19 . A groove 27 is formed in the brush 13 and forms a shoulder 29 at a proximal end 28 of the brush 13 . The retaining tab 26 engages in the groove 27 and, by resting against the shoulder 29, prevents the brush 13 from being pushed out of the receiving sleeve 14 by the spring 15.

Die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen das Bürstenmodul 10 nach einer Montage des Bürstenmoduls 10 auf dem Träger 20 durch Verschrauben mit dem Träger 20. Die Befestigungslaschen 18 sind hier in einer gemeinsamen Montageebene 30 mit der Montagefläche 19 angeordnet. Beim Verschrauben werden die Befestigungslaschen 18 um die jeweiligen Winkel α und β in Richtung der Montageebene 30 bzw. der Montagefläche 19 verbogen bzw. angenähert, bis diese plan an der Montagefläche 19 anliegen. Insbesondere beim Verschwenken der Befestigungslasche 18 mit der Haltelasche 26 wird die Haltelasche 26 aus der Nut 27 so weit herausbewegt, dass der Absatz 29 freigegeben wird. Die Bürste 13 kann nun mittels der Feder 15 in die in Fig. 4 gezeigte Kontaktposition 31 bzw. die am Verschleißende der Bürste 13 erreichte Position bewegt werden. Um ein Herausfallen der Bürste 13 aus der Aufnahmehülse 14 zu verhindern, ist an einem distalen Ende 32 der Aufnahmehülse 14 eine Führungslasche 33 ausgebildet, die in die Nut 27 eingreift und an der der Absatz 29 zur Anlage gelangen kann. Die Führungslasche verhindert im Wesentlichen ein Herausfallen der Bürste 13 aus der Aufnahmehülse 14.The 3 and 4 show the brush module 10 after the brush module 10 has been mounted on the carrier 20 by screwing it to the carrier 20. The fastening tabs 18 are arranged here in a common mounting plane 30 with the mounting surface 19. When screwing, the fastening tabs 18 are bent or approached by the respective angles α and β in the direction of the mounting plane 30 or the mounting surface 19 until they lie flat against the mounting surface 19 . In particular, when the fastening tab 18 is pivoted with the retaining tab 26, the retaining tab 26 is moved out of the groove 27 so far that the shoulder 29 is released. The brush 13 can now be pushed into the in 4 shown contact position 31 or the position reached at the wear end of the brush 13 can be moved. In order to prevent the brush 13 from falling out of the receiving sleeve 14, a guide tab 33 is formed on a distal end 32 of the receiving sleeve 14, which engages in the groove 27 and on which the shoulder 29 rests can reach. The guide tab essentially prevents the brush 13 from falling out of the receiving sleeve 14.

Um ein Verschwenken der Befestigungslasche 18 mit der Haltelasche 26 um den Winkel α in der gewünschten Weise sicherzustellen, ist in einer Biegekante 34 am Blechwinkel 17 ein Langloch 35 ausgebildet, sodass eine definierte Schwenkbewegung an der Biegekante 34 möglich wird. Weiter dient die Durchgrifföffnung 25 in der Aufnahmehülse 14 zur genauen Positionierung des Bürstenhalters 11 in dem Blechwinkel 17. So ist an dem Blechwinkel 17 eine Positionierlasche 36 ausgebildet, die in die Durchgrifföffnung 25 eingreift, ohne jedoch mit der Bürste 13 in Kontakt zu gelangen. Die Positionierlasche 36 legt so eine Position des Bürstenhalters 11 in Richtung der Längsachse 16 relativ zu dem Blechwinkel 17 fest.In order to ensure pivoting of the fastening lug 18 with the holding lug 26 by the angle α in the desired manner, a slot 35 is formed in a bending edge 34 on the sheet metal angle 17 so that a defined pivoting movement at the bending edge 34 is possible. The reach-through opening 25 in the receiving sleeve 14 is also used for the precise positioning of the brush holder 11 in the sheet metal angle 17. A positioning tab 36 is formed on the sheet metal angle 17, which engages in the reach-through opening 25, but without coming into contact with the brush 13. The positioning tab 36 thus defines a position of the brush holder 11 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 relative to the sheet metal bracket 17 .

Claims (14)

  1. A brush module (10) for an electric machine, in particular an electric motor, the brush module having at least a brush (13) for forming an electric contact with a slip ring of the machine, the brush module having a mounting device (12) and a brush holder (11) for accommodating and holding the brush, the mounting device being realized as a U-shaped sheet-metal bracket (17) which engages over the brush holder, the sheet-metal bracket having laterally protruding fastening tabs (18) for fastening the brush holder to a mounting surface (19),
    characterized in that
    an access opening (25) is formed in the brush holder, a retaining tab (26), which is formed on a fastening tab of the sheet-metal bracket, engaging in the access opening and holding the brush in the brush holder in a retaining position (24) in a form-fitting manner, the fastening tab having the retaining tab being inclined at an angle α relative to the mounting surface of the brush holder, the fastening tab (18) being inclinable at angle α for coming into contact with the mounting surface (19), the retaining tab (26) releasing the brush (13) and the brush being moveable into a contact position (31) at an inclination by angle α.
  2. The brush module according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    angle α is 5° to 50°.
  3. The brush module according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    passages (21) for a screw are formed in each of the fastening tabs (18).
  4. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the fastening tab (18) having the retaining tab (26) is connected to the U-shaped sheet-metal bracket (17) via a bendable hinge.
  5. The brush module according to claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the hinge is realized by a material weakening in a bending edge (34) on the sheet-metal bracket (17).
  6. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the brush holder (11) has a receiving sleeve (14), in which the brush (13) is held so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction, and a spring device (15), the spring device being realized such that it exerts a contact pressure on the brush in the direction of a longitudinal axis (16) of the receiving sleeve, the access opening (25) being formed in the receiving sleeve.
  7. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the brush (13) is realized having a groove (27) which extends in the direction of a longitudinal axis (16) of the brush and in which the retaining tab (26) engages, the groove forming a step (29) on a proximal end (28) of the brush, the retaining tab and the step together forming a rear stop for the brush.
  8. The brush module according to claim 7,
    characterized in that
    a guiding tab (33) which engages in the groove (27) is formed on a distal end (32) of the brush holder (11), the guiding tab and the step (29) together forming a front stop for the brush (13).
  9. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the brush holder (11) has a positioning recess in which a positioning tab (36) formed by the sheet-metal bracket engages.
  10. The brush module according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the positioning recess is realized by the access opening (25).
  11. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the sheet-metal bracket (17) has laterally protruding positioning tabs (22), which are disposed parallel to each other, for fastening the brush holder on parallel lateral surfaces (23) of a carrier (20) realizing the mounting surface (19).
  12. The brush module according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the brush holder (11) is made of sheet metal.
  13. An electric machine, in particular an electric motor,
    characterized in that
    the electric machine has a brush module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.
  14. A method for mounting a brush module (10) on an electric machine, in particular an electric motor, at least a brush (13) of the brush module forming an electric contact with a slip ring of the machine, the brush being accommodated and held in a brush holder (11) of the brush module, a mounting device (12) of the brush module being realized as a U-shaped sheet-metal bracket (17) which engages over the brush holder, the sheet-metal bracket being realized having laterally protruding fastening tabs (18), the brush holder being fastened to a mounting surface (19) by means of the fastening tabs, characterized in that
    an access opening (25) is formed in the brush holder, a retaining tab (26), which is formed on a fastening tab of the sheet-metal bracket, engaging in the access opening and holding the brush in the brush holder in a retaining position (24) in a form-fitting manner, the fastening tab having the retaining tab being inclined at an angle α relative to the mounting surface of the brush holder, the fastening tab (18) being inclined at angle α and coming into contact with the mounting surface (19), the retaining tab (26) releasing the brush (13) and the brush being moved into a contact position (31) at the inclination by angle α.
EP19812703.7A 2018-12-13 2019-11-15 Brush module and assembly method Active EP3895259B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018132050.7A DE102018132050B3 (en) 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Brush module and assembly method
PCT/EP2019/081423 WO2020120067A1 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-11-15 Brush module and assembly method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3895259A1 EP3895259A1 (en) 2021-10-20
EP3895259B1 true EP3895259B1 (en) 2023-08-30

Family

ID=68731943

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19812703.7A Active EP3895259B1 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-11-15 Brush module and assembly method

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US11881666B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3895259B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7133098B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20210100631A (en)
CN (1) CN113196593B (en)
DE (1) DE102018132050B3 (en)
WO (1) WO2020120067A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022102602A1 (en) 2022-02-03 2023-08-03 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Externally excited electric machine
DE102022125661A1 (en) 2022-10-05 2024-04-11 Rolf Prettl Wave contacting device and system

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2194620A (en) * 1937-10-27 1940-03-26 Emerson Electric Mfg Co Motor brush assemblage
US2947895A (en) * 1956-11-23 1960-08-02 Gen Electric Canada Brushgear assembly
JPS5351908U (en) * 1976-10-06 1978-05-02
JPS58179144A (en) * 1982-04-09 1983-10-20 Hitachi Ltd Brush holder for small-sized rotary electric machine
DE3328683A1 (en) * 1983-08-09 1985-02-21 SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Electrical machine, especially an electric motor
DE3432460A1 (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-13 Gardena Kress + Kastner Gmbh, 7900 Ulm Brushholder for a sliding brush
DE3510897A1 (en) * 1985-03-26 1986-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart HAND MACHINE TOOL WITH AN ELECTRIC MOTOR
US4963779A (en) * 1989-05-15 1990-10-16 Black & Decker, Inc. Brush holder for an electric motor
DE19725082A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-01-07 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Carbon brush for an electrical machine
DE19755507A1 (en) 1997-12-13 1999-06-17 Fhp Motors Gmbh Brush holder for electric motor
US6998754B2 (en) * 2004-03-05 2006-02-14 Energy Conversion Systems Holdings, Llc Brush assemblies
JP2010028917A (en) * 2008-07-16 2010-02-04 Mitsuba Corp Electric motor
JP2016136792A (en) * 2013-05-13 2016-07-28 パナソニック株式会社 Brush holder assembly and commutator electric motor including the same
FR3013168A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-15 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur ELECTRIC MACHINE BRUSH HOLDER FOR VEHICLE AND CORRESPONDING STARTER
CN205565251U (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-09-07 浙江亚特电器有限公司 Carbon brush structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11881666B2 (en) 2024-01-23
CN113196593B (en) 2023-05-26
JP2022513759A (en) 2022-02-09
WO2020120067A1 (en) 2020-06-18
EP3895259A1 (en) 2021-10-20
CN113196593A (en) 2021-07-30
US20220059979A1 (en) 2022-02-24
JP7133098B2 (en) 2022-09-07
DE102018132050B3 (en) 2020-02-06
KR20210100631A (en) 2021-08-17

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