EP3880323A1

EP3880323A1 - Braking system, axle support unit for a vehicle, vehicle having such an axle support unit and drive unit

Info

Publication number: EP3880323A1
Application number: EP19790127.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Simon Ortmann; Marcel Philipp Mayer; Jannick Dominik Herbert ALTHERR
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-11-16
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2021-09-22
Also published as: JP7161049B2; DE102018128771A1; US20220008811A1; JP2022513052A; CN113015565A; KR20210093883A; WO2020098859A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking system (30) having a rotating element (5) that can be rotated about an axis (D), and a braking device (10) for braking the rotating element (5), wherein the braking device (10) has a first braking element (13) which can be moved between a rest position and a braking position and has an annular braking surface (13.1) which, in the rest position and in the braking position, is arranged concentrically with respect to the axis (D) of the rotating element (5), having a brake disc (34) which is co-rotationally connected to the rotating element (5) and which has a first frictional surface (34.1) and a second frictional surface (34.2) opposite the first frictional surface (34.1), wherein the annular braking surface (13.1) of the first braking element (13) is arranged at a distance from the brake disc (34) when in the rest position, and is in contact with the first frictional surface (34.1) of the brake disc (34) when in the braking position, and having a second braking element (35), which is arranged in such a way that in the braking position the first braking element (13) presses the brake disc (34) against the second braking element (35), such that, in the braking position, the second braking element (35) is in contact with the second frictional surface (34.2) of the brake disc (34).

Description

Brake system, axle support unit for a vehicle,

Vehicle with such an axle support unit and drive unit

The invention relates to a brake system with at least one rotary element rotatable about an axis of rotation and a braking device for braking the

Rotary element, wherein the braking device has a first braking element which is movable between a rest position and a braking position and has an annular braking surface which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation of the rotating element in the rest position and in the braking position. The invention further relates to an axle support unit for a vehicle, in particular for a skateboard, bicycle or motorcycle, with such a braking system. Another object of the invention is a vehicle with such an axle support unit. The invention also relates to a drive unit with a previously mentioned brake system, the rotary element of the brake system being designed as a drive element, in particular a drive wheel or drive pinion.

A vehicle designed as a skateboard is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,659,480 B1. As a flinter axle, this skateboard has an axle support unit with two wheels, on which a braking device for braking the wheels is arranged. Each wheel is assigned a braking element that has an annular braking surface that is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation of the respective wheel. The pivoting lever allows the braking element to be moved from a rest position away from the respective wheel into a braking position in which the braking element is attached to one of the the respective wheel is connected in a rotationally fixed braking surface.

In braking systems with such braking devices, it has been found to be disadvantageous that the axially acting braking force applied to the braking surface by the braking element is introduced into the wheel. When braking, large axial forces therefore act on the roller bearings that support the wheel. This will make the

Lifetime of such systems, in particular the roller bearings of such systems, is reduced. Against this background, the task arises of specifying a brake system of the type mentioned at the outset with an increased service life.

The object is achieved by a braking system with at least one rotating element which can be rotated about an axis of rotation and a braking device for braking the rotating element, the braking device having a first braking element which can be moved between a rest position and a braking position and has an annular braking surface which is in the rest position and is arranged in the braking position concentrically to the axis of rotation of the rotary element, with a brake disc connected non-rotatably to the rotary element and having a first friction surface and a second friction surface opposite the first friction surface, the annular braking surface of the first braking element being remote from the brake disc in the rest position is arranged and in the braking position is in contact with the first friction surface of the brake disc, and with a second brake element which is arranged such that the first brake element presses the brake disc in the braking position against the second brake element, so that s the second

Brake element in the braking position is in contact with the second friction surface of the brake disc.

In the brake system according to the invention, the brake disc connected to the rotary element in a rotationally fixed manner is clamped in the braking position between the first and the second brake element. This can prevent forces acting in the axial direction from being introduced into the rotary element. In particular, forces acting in the axial direction in the rolling element bearings or their rolling elements acting during braking can be reduced. This can increase the service life of the brake system.

The brake disk is preferably ring-shaped and arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation. The first and second friction surfaces of the brake disc can be designed in a ring shape.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the first braking element can be moved hydraulically between the rest position and the braking position. In such an embodiment, the first braking element for movement between the Hydraulic pressure is applied to the rest position and the braking position, which enables a more even distribution of the pressure force required for braking. This also distributes the force introduced into the brake disc more evenly. The risk of overstressing individual areas of the brake disc can be reduced in this way. This will make the

The probability of premature failure of the wheel bearing is reduced and the life of the vehicle is further increased.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first brake element is connected to a hollow cylindrical brake piston which is mounted in a housing which has a hollow cylindrical interior for receiving a hydraulic fluid. Such an embodiment has the advantage that, in comparison to a braking device which has a lever or

Has lever mechanism for actuating the first brake element, a smaller space is required. The housing can be concentric to that

Axis of rotation of the wheel and / or concentric to an intercept of the

Axle support unit can be arranged. Optionally, the first brake element can be formed in one piece with the brake piston.

It is advantageous if the housing is clamped onto an axle section of the brake system or the axle support unit, so that no connecting elements for connecting the housing to the axle section are necessary. As a result, the number of parts required for assembly can be reduced, which also reduces the material costs. As an alternative or in addition, the housing is preferably clamped onto a stator section of a motor, via which the rotary element can be driven.

Alternatively, the first braking element can preferably be moved by an electric motor between the rest position and the braking position. Further alternatively, it can be provided that the first braking element can be moved mechanically between the rest position and the braking position.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the braking device has one or more leaf springs, via which the first braking element from the Braking position is movable back to the rest position. The one or more leaf springs are preferably connected to the first brake element and to the housing of the brake device.

In this context, it is advantageous if the one or more

Leaf springs extend in a circumferential direction around the axis of rotation of the rotary element. This alignment of the leaf springs enables the one or more leaf springs to absorb a torque that occurs when braking. The one or more leaf springs can thus be essentially wear-free

Form torque support.

The one or more leaf springs are preferably each connected to the housing and to the first brake element by means of a rivet. The respective rivet particularly preferably has an internal thread into which a screw can be screwed. This makes it possible to attach the leaf spring to a rivet

to arrange pressure-sensitive housing, for example a housing made of plastic.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the second brake element is ring-shaped and has first positive locking elements on an inner contour, which interact with corresponding second positive locking elements on an outer contour of the housing in such a way that the second brake element against one

Rotation about the axis of rotation is secured. The first positive locking elements can be designed as teeth or wedges. The second form-locking elements can accordingly be designed as corresponding teeth or wedges.

According to an alternative, advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the second brake element is connected in one piece to a hollow cylindrical mounting area which is arranged concentrically around the axis of rotation and is concentrically surrounded by the housing. The hollow-cylindrical mounting area is particularly preferably connected to the housing on a side of the housing which faces away from the second braking element, in particular via a locking ring. It is also advantageous if the brake disc is annular and has a third on an outer contour, in particular in the form of teeth or wedges

Has positive locking elements that correspond with corresponding fourth

Interlocking elements on an inner contour of the rotary element interact so that the brake disc is secured against rotation about the axis of rotation.

Another object of the invention is an axle support unit for a vehicle, in particular for a skateboard, bicycle or motorcycle, with a braking system described above, the rotating element of the braking system being designed as a wheel.

The axle support unit preferably has two wheels which can be rotated about the axis of rotation and two braking devices for braking the wheels. Each of the wheels can have its own motor for driving the respective wheel. The motors are preferably designed as electric motors.

The invention further relates to a vehicle, in particular a skateboard, bicycle or motorcycle, with an axle support unit described above.

The vehicle preferably has a base body to which one or more axle support units are connected. The base body can be designed, for example, as a board or plate. The base body can provide a footprint for a user of the vehicle.

Another object of the invention is a drive unit with a

Brake system described above, wherein the rotary element of the

Brake system is designed as a drive element, in particular drive wheel or drive pinion.

The same advantages can be achieved with the drive unit as in

Connection with the brake system or the axle support unit have been described. Such a drive unit can, for example, in an industrial plant, for example a manufacturing plant, a robot or a

Conveyor system, find application. The drive wheel or drive pinion is preferably connected to a motor, in particular an electric motor, which is arranged such that the motor is a

Can cause movement of the drive wheel or pinion gear against an axle portion of the braking system. The engine can, for example, as

Wheel hub drive, in particular as a direct drive.

Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings. Herein shows:

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a vehicle according to the invention in a schematic plan view.

2 shows an exemplary axle support unit with two brake systems in a perspective view;

3 shows a perspective sectional illustration of a first braking system according to FIG. 2, the sectional plane containing the axis of rotation of the wheel;

4 shows a sectional view of a second brake system according to FIG. 2,

the cutting plane containing the axis of rotation of the wheel;

Fig. 5 is a detailed sectional view of the second brake system according to

Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a wheel

Rotating element;

Fig. 7-9 several perspective views or sectional views of

Sharing a brake system according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 10-11 several perspective representations or sectional representations of

Sharing a braking system according to a second one

Embodiment. 1 shows a schematic top view of an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a skateboard. The vehicle 1 has a base body 2 which is designed as a board and provides a standing area 3 for a user of the vehicle 1 on an upper side. Exactly two axle support units 4 are arranged on an underside of the base body 2 opposite the upper side, which are designed in two lanes, ie each axle support unit 4 comprises exactly two rotary elements designed as wheels 5. The wheels 5 are in the embodiment as roles, for example as

Flart rubber rolls or polyurethane rolls. The axle support units 4 each have two axle sections 6, each axle section 6 carrying one of the wheels 5. The axle support units 4 are each connected to the base body 3 via a tilting device 7. These tilting devices 7 allow the axle support units 4 to be tilted or pivoted relative to the base body 2, so that the vehicle 1 can be brought into a cornering motion by shifting the weight of the driver on the standing surface 3.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an axle support unit 4 which can be used, for example, as a flinter axle in the vehicle 1 according to FIG. 1. Alternatively or additionally, such an axle support unit 4 can be used as the front axle of the vehicle 1. The axle support unit 4 has two wheels 5 rotatable about an axis of rotation D, with each of the two wheels 5 being assigned a braking device 10 for braking the respective wheel 5. The wheels 5 are each rotatably arranged on one of two axle sections 6 of the axle support unit 4. The braking device 10 comprises a first braking element 13, which is arranged between a rest position shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, in which an annular braking surface 13.1 of the first braking element 13 is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation D of the wheel 5 and away from the wheel 5, Can be moved into a braking position in which the braking surface 13.1 of the first braking element 13 is in contact with a brake disk 34 connected to the wheel 5 in a rotationally fixed manner. It is in the rest position

Brake surface 13.1 of the first brake element 13 from the brake disc 34

spaced so that the first braking element 13 can have no effect which delays the rotary movement of the wheel 5. The brake surface is 13.1 of the first brake element 13, however, in contact with the brake disc 34, a rotary movement of the wheel 5 can be delayed via the annular braking surface 13.1.

In this respect, the axle support unit 4 comprises two identically configured brake systems 30, in which the rotary element is designed as a wheel 5.

In order to distribute the braking required as evenly as possible

To achieve compressive force, the first braking element 13 can be moved hydraulically between the rest position and the braking position. As a result, the risk of overstressing individual areas of the brake disc 43 or the wheel bearing can be reduced, so that an increased service life of the vehicle can be achieved. The brake disc 34 has a first friction surface 34.1 and a second friction surface 34.2 opposite the first friction surface 34.1. In the braking position, the first brake element 13, in particular the brake surface 13.1, is in contact with the first friction surface 34.1 of the brake disc 34. In addition, the brake system 10 has a second brake element 35, which is arranged such that the first brake element 13 holds the brake disc 34 in the braking position presses against the second brake element 35, so that the second brake element 35 is in the braking position in contact with the second friction surface 34.2 of the brake disc 34. The brake disk 34 connected to the wheel 5 in a rotationally fixed manner is thus clamped in the braking position between the first brake element 13 and the second brake element 35.

This can prevent forces acting in the axial direction, ie in the direction of the axis of rotation D, from being introduced into the wheel 5. Furthermore, forces acting in the axial direction in the roller bearings 20, 21, which support the wheel 5, are reduced during braking.

As can be seen from the representations in FIGS. 3 and 4, the

Braking device 10 designed in the manner of a hydraulic clutch brake.

The brake device 10 has a hollow cylindrical brake piston 12 connected to the first brake element 13, which is mounted in a housing 11 which has a hollow cylindrical interior 15 for receiving a hydraulic fluid. The interior 15 is connected to the brake piston 12

Sealing element 12 'sealed. The housing 11 is on the axle section 6 of the Axle support unit 4 clamped and arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation D of the wheel or to the axle section 6. About the existing 15 in the interior

Hydraulic fluid can exert a hydraulic pressure on the brake piston 12 and thus the first brake element 13. The housing 11 has a not shown in the drawings for introducing the hydraulic fluid

Fluid connection on. A vent connection can also be provided.

The brake disc 34 is rotatably connected to the wheel 5. A motor 8 for driving the wheel 5 is arranged within the wheel 5. The motor 8 is designed as an electric motor and has a stator which is fixedly connected to the axle section 6 and a rotor 9 which is rotatable relative to the stator and which is connected to the brake disk 34 in a rotationally fixed manner. The stator of the motor 8 is fastened to the axle section 6 by means of a screw 36. For rotatable mounting of the wheel 5, a first bearing 20 is provided on an inside of the wheel 5 and a second bearing 21 on an outside of the wheel 5. The first bearing 20 and / or the second bearing 21 are designed as roller bearings. The housing 11 of the braking device has an opening, not shown in the drawings, through which a cable 18 is guided parallel to the axis of rotation D, cf. also FIG. 6. The motor 8 can be supplied with electrical energy and / or controlled electrically via the cable 18.

5 shows a detail in the area of the brake disc 34 in an enlarged view. The first brake element 13 is in the rest position, in which the first brake element 13 is not in contact with the brake disc 34. In the rest position of the first brake element 13, the second brake element 35 is preferably also not in contact with the brake disc 34 but is separated from it by a gap. 5 therefore shows the rest position of the first brake element 13, a force flow path A is shown in this illustration, which exists in the braking position of the first brake element 13. In this braking position, the first braking element 13 is in contact with the first

Friction surface 34.1 of the brake disc 34 and presses the brake disc 34 against the second brake element 35 such that it is in contact with the second friction surface 34.2 of the brake disc 34. It can be seen that the force flow path A through the

Sealing element 12 ', the brake piston 12, the first brake element 13, the

Brake disc 34, the second brake element 35, the standing bearing ring of the inner roller bearing 20, an area the stator 8 ', the screw 36, the axle portion 6 and the housing 11 of the braking device. The rolling elements of the inner rolling bearing 20 are not loaded.

6 shows the rotary element of the brake system 30, which is designed as a wheel 5. An inner contour is provided on an inner end face of the rotor 9 of the motor 8 which is connected to the wheel 5 and has a plurality of form-locking elements 38. These are designed as teeth and separated from one another by bulges 39.

As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 7, the annular brake disk 34 has an outer contour, on which form-locking elements 41, which are also designed as teeth, are provided. The form-fitting elements 40 on the outer contour of the brake disc 34 interact in the assembled state with the form-fitting elements on the inner contour of the rotor 9 and have the effect that the brake disc 34 is secured against rotation about the axis of rotation D.

Furthermore, it can be seen that the second brake element 35 in the manner of a

annular stop formed and fixed to the housing 11 of the

Brake device 10 is connected. The second brake element 35 has an inner contour of a plurality of positive locking elements 40, here a plurality of lugs, which interact with corresponding positive locking elements 47 on an outer contour of the housing 11. The second brake element 34 is secured against undesired rotation about the axis of rotation D.

As can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the braking device 10 has a plurality of, here two, leaf springs 42, by means of which the first braking element 13 from the

Braking position is movable back to the rest position. The leaf springs 42 are arranged between the housing 11 and the first brake element 13. In this respect, the leaf springs fulfill a resetting function for the first brake element 13.

In addition, the leaf springs also have a function in supporting the torque that occurs when braking. The leaf springs 42 extend in a circumferential direction about the axis of rotation D and can therefore absorb torques occurring during braking. D leaf springs 42 are each connected to the housing 11 by means of a first rivet 44 and to the first brake element 13 by means of a second rivet. The first rivet 44 has an internal thread, into which a screw 45 is screwed.

10 and 11 show a second exemplary embodiment of a braking device 10 which can alternatively be used in the vehicle according to FIG. 1. The braking device 10 according to the second exemplary embodiment essentially corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment, so that reference is made to the description of the preceding figures. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the second brake element 35 is integral with one

hollow cylindrical mounting area 35.2 connected concentrically around the

Axis of rotation D is arranged and is concentrically surrounded by the housing 11.

The connection between the annular, second brake element 35 and the mounting area 35.2 is established via a plurality of webs 35.1. The webs 35.1 form interlocking elements with corresponding recesses on the

Housing 11 cooperate to prevent unwanted rotation about the axis of rotation D when braking. Via the assembly report 35.2, however, it is achieved that the power flow runs past the axle support 6 when braking. Namely, the flow of force when braking through the sealing element 12 'and

Brake piston 12, the first brake element 13, the brake disc 34, the second brake element 35, the webs 35.1, the hollow cylindrical mounting area 35.2, a locking ring 46 are passed into the housing 11.

Due to the power flow described, which does not run through the axle support 6 or roller bearing 20, 21 of the wheel, the braking device 10 according to the second exemplary embodiment can be adapted to an existing drive system without the axle support 6 or the roller bearing 20, 21 to reinforce.

The vehicle 1 described above in the form of a skateboard comprises at least one brake system 30 with at least one rotary element 5 rotatable about an axis of rotation D and a braking device 10 for braking the

Rotating element 5, wherein the braking device 10 has a first braking element 13 which is movable between a rest position and a braking position and has an annular braking surface 13.1, which is arranged in the rest position and in the braking position concentric to the axis of rotation D of the rotating element 5. Furthermore, the brake system 30 comprises a brake disk 34 connected to the rotary element 5 in a manner fixed against relative rotation, which has a first friction surface 34.1 and a second friction surface 34.2 opposite the first friction surface 34.1, the annular brake surface 13.1 of the first brake element 13 being arranged at a distance from the brake disk 34 in the rest position is and in the braking position in contact with the first friction surface 34.1 of the brake disc 34, and a second

Brake element 35, which is arranged such that the first brake element 13 presses the brake disc 34 in the braking position against the second brake element 35, so that the second brake element 35 in the braking position is in contact with the second friction surface 34.2 of the brake disc 34.

According to a modification of the embodiment shown, this can

Brake system 30 described be part of a drive unit having a rotary element designed as a drive wheel or drive pinion. Such drive units can be used, for example, in industrial plants, in particular in production plants, production robots or conveyor systems.

Reference symbol list

1 vehicle

2 basic bodies

3 footprint

4 axle support unit

5 wheel

6 axis section

7 tilting device

8 engine

8 'stator

9 rotor

10 braking device

11 housing

12 brake pistons

12 'sealing element

13 first braking element

13.1 braking surface

15 interior

18 cables

20 bearings

21 bearings

30 braking system

34 brake disc

34.1 Friction surface

43.2 friction surface

35 second braking element

35.1 footbridge

35.2 Assembly area

36 screw

38 tooth

39 bulge

40 positive locking element

41 positive locking element

42 leaf spring 43 rivet

44 rivet

45 screw

46 circlip 47 positive locking element

A power flow path

D axis of rotation

Claims

1. Brake system (30) with at least one rotary element (5) rotatable about an axis of rotation (D) and a braking device (10) for braking the

Rotary element (5), the braking device (10) being a first

Has braking element (13) which is movable between a rest position and a braking position and has an annular braking surface (13.1) which is concentric to the in the rest position and in the braking position

Axis of rotation (D) of the rotating element (5) is arranged,

marked by

- A rotatably connected to the rotating element (5) brake disc (34) having a first friction surface (34.1) and one of the first friction surface (34.1)

has opposite second friction surface (34.2), the annular braking surface (13.1) of the first braking element (13) being arranged remote from the brake disc (34) in the rest position and in the braking position in contact with the first friction surface (34.1) of the brake disc (34 ) is and

- A second brake element (35), which is arranged such that the first brake element (13) presses the brake disc (34) in the braking position against the second braking element (35), so that the second braking element (35) in the braking position in contact with the second friction surface (34.2)

Brake disc (34) is.

2. Brake system (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first brake element (13) hydraulically between the rest position and the

Braking position is movable.

3. Brake system (30) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first brake element (13) is connected to a hollow cylindrical brake piston (12) which is mounted in a housing (11) which has a hollow cylindrical interior (15) for receiving a Has hydraulic fluid.

4. Brake system (30) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the braking device (10) one or more leaf springs (42), via which the first braking element (13) from the

Braking position is movable back to the rest position.

5. Brake system according to claim 4, characterized in that the one or more leaf springs (42) extend in a circumferential direction around the axis of rotation (D).

6. Brake system (30) according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized

characterized in that the second brake element (35) is annular and has on an inner contour first positive locking elements (40), in particular several teeth or wedges, which interact with corresponding second positive locking elements (47) on an outer contour of the housing (11) such that the second brake element (35) is secured against rotation about the axis of rotation (D).

7. Brake system (30) according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized

characterized in that the second brake element (35) is integrally connected to a hollow cylindrical mounting area (35.2) which is arranged concentrically around the axis of rotation (D) and is concentrically surrounded by the housing (11).

8. axle support unit for a vehicle, in particular for a skateboard, bicycle or motorcycle, with a braking system (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotating element (5) of the braking system as a wheel

is trained.

9. Vehicle (1), in particular a skateboard, bicycle or motorcycle, with an axle support unit (4) according to claim 8.

10. Drive unit with a brake system (30) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rotary element (5) of the brake system (30) is designed as a drive element, in particular drive wheel or drive pinion.

11. Drive unit according to claim 10, characterized by a

Drive motor (8), in particular an electric drive motor, which is arranged at least partially within the rotating element (5).