EP3875219B1 - Unité de broyage ou de polissage d'une feuille, en particulier une feuille de verre, et procédé de traitement de feuilles à l'aide d'une telle unité - Google Patents

Unité de broyage ou de polissage d'une feuille, en particulier une feuille de verre, et procédé de traitement de feuilles à l'aide d'une telle unité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3875219B1
EP3875219B1 EP21161095.1A EP21161095A EP3875219B1 EP 3875219 B1 EP3875219 B1 EP 3875219B1 EP 21161095 A EP21161095 A EP 21161095A EP 3875219 B1 EP3875219 B1 EP 3875219B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polishing
grinding
wheel
slide
electric motor
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EP21161095.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3875219A1 (fr
Inventor
Emiliano BIGOZZI
Riccardo Baronti
Alberto Masoero
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Bottero SpA
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Bottero SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
    • B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B7/24—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding or polishing glass
    • B24B7/242—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding or polishing glass for plate glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/26—Accessories, e.g. stops

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a grinding or polishing unit of a sheet, in particular a glass sheet, and to a method for processing sheets using such a unit.
  • this invention relates to a grinding or polishing unit of a sheet, in general, and of a glass sheet in particular, to which the following discussion explicitly refers, without any loss of generality thereby.
  • Two types of machines are known to be used for processing the perimeter surfaces of a glass sheet.
  • the so-called "bilateral" grinding machines belong to a first type. With these, the sheets are fed sideways and the opposite perimeter surfaces thereof are ground simultaneously by two grinding-polishing groups, which face each other.
  • the so-called "rectilinear" grinding machines belong to a second type. With these, the sheets are fed on an almost vertical plane and are ground by feeding the perimeter surfaces on an underlying grinding-polishing group.
  • each grinding-polishing group comprises a number of grinding units that are adjacent to each other and independent of each other to remove an determined amount of material from the sheet, and a number of polishing units that are also independent of each other and arranged adjacent to each other and downstream of the grinding units in the direction for feeding the sheets to polish the surfaces ground by the grinding units.
  • Each grinding unit comprises a corresponding grinding wheel, an electric motor for rotating the grinding wheel about its axis, and a device for positioning the grinding wheel in a given operating position for removal.
  • Each positioning device comprises, in turn, a slide for supporting the grinding wheel and its corresponding drive motor and an electric motor for moving and positioning that slide.
  • Each polishing unit comprises a corresponding polishing wheel, which is also rotated around its axis by a corresponding electric motor and also mounted on a corresponding slide driven by a corresponding linear actuator designed to push the corresponding slide and, consequently, the corresponding polishing wheel against the ground surface of the sheet.
  • the slides carrying the polishing wheels are pushed by pneumatic cylinders or by mechanical springs with variable preload.
  • the known grinding machines of the type defined above are normally designed and manufactured on the basis of the customer's requirements and, in particular, according to the type of sheets to be processed but, above all, according to the processing to be carried out and the degree of precision/surface finish required. To do this, a given number of grinding units and a predefined number of polishing units are planned and installed during the design step.
  • either wheel is mounted on a wheel head arranged on a slide; in the case of the grinding wheel, it is brought to a predetermined grinding position by an electric displacement motor and kept in that predetermined position by an irreversible screw-nut screw transmission with a metric screw rotated by the same electric motor.
  • the slide is constantly pushed against the surface to be polished by a pneumatic actuator arranged in series with the electric motor.
  • a pneumatic selection device interposed between the electric motor and the pneumatic actuator, connects the slide to the electric motor when there is a grinding wheel on the wheel head, keeping the pneumatic actuator deactivated, and activates the pneumatic actuator when the wheel used is a polishing wheel, isolating the electric motor.
  • the known configurable unit defined above is relatively complex in terms of construction and, therefore, relatively high in cost and requires careful control during the configuration step. For these reasons, the above configurable unit does not find immediate and satisfactory application on any type/range of grinding or polishing machines.
  • a brake assembly is always connected to the above configurable unit to counteract the thrust of the pneumatic actuator during the transition from one surface to be ground to another and thus maintain the polishing wheel in a predefined holding position without deactivating the pneumatic actuator.
  • Each brake assembly has relatively large dimensions for the already crowded area in which it is located and, in any case, a cost that affects the total cost of the machine if you consider that each polishing unit requires its own brake assembly.
  • controlling the wear of the polishing wheel is particularly complicated and, at times, difficult and inaccurate since it is mainly done visually or using position sensors, while it is always necessary to act on the electric motor for positioning the slide to control the wear of the grinding wheel.
  • the control mainly carried out by detecting the variation in current absorbed by the electric motor, is inaccurate due to the presence of the mechanical transmission driven by the same electric motor, whose elastic failures can distort the detection of the instant in which the wheel hits the expected fixed reference and, therefore, the resetting of the grinding wheel itself.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a grinding or polishing unit, which resolves, in a simple and inexpensive manner, the problems described above, and, in particular, which is, compared to the known solutions, simple and very quick to produce and configure/control and which is inexpensive and compact in size.
  • a grinding or polishing unit is defined as claimed in claim 1.
  • This invention also relates to a method for processing a sheet.
  • a method for processing a sheet, as claimed in claim 10 is provided.
  • the reference number 1 indicates, as a whole, a machine for grinding and polishing glass sheets 2: flat, rectangular glass sheets with two opposing, extended, flat surfaces indicated with 3, and four consecutive, flat perimeter or lateral surfaces one of which is indicated with reference number 5, in the illustrated example.
  • the machine 1 can, equally, be a bilateral machine, i.e. with sheets 2 fed flat, or a straight machine, i.e. with sheets 2 fed edgeways. It comprises a stiff base 6, and a motorised sheet-conveying assembly 7, known in itself and partially visible in Figure 1 , to feed a succession 8 of glass sheets 2 along a rectilinear path 9 and through a station 13 for grinding and polishing the perimetric surfaces 5.
  • the group 7 is commanded and controlled by an electronic command and control unit 16 for the whole machine 1.
  • the station 13 houses a row 18 of abrasive units that are independent of one another and arranged side-by-side in a direction parallel to the path 9.
  • the row 18 of abrasive units comprises a group A of known grinding units 19 and a group B of polishing units 20, which are also known, and which polish the surfaces 5 ground by the group A.
  • Each grinding unit 19 comprises a corresponding grinding wheel 22, which is rotated by a corresponding electric motor 23 commanded by the electronic unit 16 and is carried by a corresponding slide 24.
  • the slide 24 is coupled to a guide 25 fixed to the base 6 and can slide orthogonally to the path 9 in opposite directions under the thrust of an electric motor 26, conveniently a servomotor controlled by the electronic unit 16.
  • Each polishing unit 20 comprises a corresponding polishing wheel 27, which is rotated about a corresponding axis by an electric motor 28 commanded by the electronic unit 16 and is mounted on a slide 29 driven by its own actuator 29', for example, a pneumatic cylinder controlled by a proportional solenoid valve that is, in turn, controlled by the electronic unit 16 to push the corresponding wheel 27 against the surface 5 of the sheets 2.
  • the row 18 of abrasive units comprises, finally, one or more bifunctional abrasive units 30 arranged between the groups A and B.
  • Each bifunctional unit 30 can be controlled and set by means of the unit 16 to perform either a grinding operation or a polishing operation on the surfaces 5, as will be better described below.
  • the grinding assembly A comprises a single grinding unit 19
  • the polishing assembly B comprises a single polishing unit 20.
  • each of the abrasive units 30 is independent of the other abrasive units, comprises a wheel head 31, on which a grinding wheel 22 or a polishing wheel 27 can be mounted.
  • the wheel head 31 is rotated about a corresponding axis 31A by an electric motor 32 commanded by the electronic unit 16.
  • the electric motor 32 and the wheel head 31 are mounted on and moved by a slide 33.
  • the slide 33 is coupled to a rectilinear guide 34 integral with the base 6 and is mobile orthogonally to the path 9 in a direction K parallel to the axis 31A under the thrust of an electropneumatic assembly, indicated by 35.
  • the electropneumatic assembly 35 comprises a pneumatic actuator device, indicated as a whole, with 36 and an electric actuator device 37.
  • the pneumatic device 36 comprises a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 39 connected to a compressed air source and a command block 40 that is connected and controlled by the unit 16.
  • the cylinder 39 comprises, in turn, a sleeve 41 stably connected to one end of the guide 34 by means of a bracket 42 and an outlet rod 43 having a free end stably connected to the slide 33 by means of a bracket 44 ( Figures 2 and 4 ) .
  • the electric actuator device 37 comprises a reversible or invertible mechanical transmission 45.
  • the mechanical transmission 45 is, preferably, a recirculating ball screw-nut screw transmission and, for example, of the type identified by the HIWIN identification codes: 1R16-5-FSI-231-0.052-C7 and TRM: SFNHR01605C1D+SSR01605X231L.
  • the term reversible or invertible refers to a transmission that fails under a load, i.e. a transmission that is unable to provide significant resistance to the axial thrust exerted by the wheels 22, 27.
  • the transmission 45 comprises a screw 46 and a nut or nut screw 47.
  • the screw 46 has its own axis 46A coinciding with the axis K and is coupled to the guide 34 in a rotatable manner and in an axially fixed position.
  • the nut screw 47 is, instead, stably connected to the slide 33 by means of a bracket 48.
  • the electric actuator device 37 comprises, then, an electric motor 50, which has a casing 51 stably connected to the guide 34 via a rigid structure 52 and a rotating output shaft 53 angularly and axially connected to one end of the screw 46 via a joint 55.
  • the electric motor 50 is electrically connected to the unit 16.
  • each of the units 30 is configured by mounting a grinding wheel 22 or a polishing wheel 27 on its wheel head and the unit 16 informed accordingly.
  • the unit 16 When a grinding wheel 22 is mounted on the wheel head 31, the unit 16 unloads the pneumatic cylinder 36 and activates the electric motor 50.
  • This motor 50 rotates the screw 46 and translates the slide 33 until the grinding wheel 22 is brought into a predefined grinding position. During its translation, the slide 33 drags the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 39 with it.
  • the electric motor 50 is controlled in position so as to keep the grinding wheel 22 stationary in that position along the axis K for as long as is necessary for grinding the sheet 2.
  • the electric motor 50 is deactivated and the pneumatic cylinder 39 is activated, which, by dragging the nut screw 47 with it, constantly pushes the polishing wheel 27 against the surface 5 to be polished. Since the slide 33 drags the nut screw 47 with it and, therefore, rotates the screw 46 and with it the motor 50, using the encoder 50A connected to the motor 50, it is possible to determine the position of the slide 33 and the wear of the polishing wheel 27 in real time.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 39 may be used to move a grinding wheel 22 towards fixed, known positioning abutments to determine the actual wear and the consequent necessary repositioning of the same grinding wheel 22.
  • the pneumatic cylinder is directly connected to the slide, i.e. without the interposition of transmissions that may yield elastically and differently depending on the conditions. This problem is solved by the pneumatic cylinder because the constancy of the thrust is ensured by the constancy of the pressure; consequently, the elastic yields are always the same.
  • the reversibility of the transmission 45 makes it possible, then, to determine the wear of the polishing wheel 27 - in real time and through the encoder 50A - and to promptly intervene so as to always ensure the same quality of the finished product.
  • the wear of the polishing wheel 27 is determined by detecting the position of the slide 33 along the axis K using, for example, a linear transducer interposed between the slide 33 and the corresponding guide 6.
  • the unit 30 can, moreover, be easily controlled and, above all, controlled with extreme precision as the pneumatic cylinder 39 and the electric motor 50 are actuators arranged in parallel with respect to the slide 33 and are independent of each other. For this, the action of one of the two actuators can be integrated or reduced with the other actuator to obtain the optimal working conditions.
  • the machine 1 could comprise a single unit 30 or a number of units 30 other than that illustrated and that can be chosen, in the design step, to obtain sheets with perimeter surfaces with different shapes, regardless of their thickness, and with a different surface finishes of the perimeter surfaces themselves.
  • the unit 30 described may find application on grinding/polishing machines other than those indicated, and, in particular, on all those machines in which grinding and subsequent polishing of the ground sheet is required. Also included in the above-mentioned machines are those in which the glass sheet is kept stationary on a resting surface and the frame 6 of the unit 30 is mobile in relation to the same sheet.
  • the unit 30 described may comprise a reversible transmission other than the one described, for example, a belt transmission or a tooth transmission, or reversibility means, interposed between the electric motor 50 and the slide 33, may be provided.
  • the unit 30 described can be used for grinding and polishing sheets other than glass sheets and, for example, sheets of stone material or sheets of agglomerated material or other material susceptible to being processed by grinding wheels and polished by polishing wheels chosen, on a case-by-case basis, according to the material to be processed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité (30) de meulage ou de polissage d'une feuille (2), en particulier une feuille de verre ; l'unité (30) comprenant un guide (34) fixe, un coulisseau (33) accouplé audit guide (43) pour se diriger dans une direction (K) rectiligne, une tête (31) motorisée reliée audit coulisseau (33) et configurée pour porter une meule (22) ou un disque à polir (27), et un ensemble électropneumatique (35) configurable pour un déplacement dudit coulisseau (33) dans ladite direction (K) rectiligne ; l'ensemble électropneumatique (35) comprenant :
    - un moteur électrique (50) ;
    - une transmission (45) de mouvement actionnée par ledit moteur électrique (50) et ayant un premier élément mobile (47) ;
    - un actionneur pneumatique (39) ayant un second élément mobile (43) ; et
    - des moyens de commande et de régulation (16) pour activer ledit moteur électrique (50) au moins lorsque la meule (22) est montée sur la tête (31) porte-meule ou au moins ledit actionneur pneumatique lorsque ledit disque à polir (27) est monté sur ladite tête (31) porte-meule ;
    dans laquelle ledit actionneur pneumatique (39) comprend un manchon (41) fixé à une extrémité dudit guide (34) fixe, dans laquelle lesdits premier élément mobile (47) et second élément mobile (43) sont tous deux reliés de manière stable audit coulisseau (33) et
    dans laquelle des moyens de liaison (45) réversibles sont interposés entre ledit moteur électrique (50) et ledit premier élément mobile (47).
  2. Unité selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de liaison (45) réversibles constituent une partie de ladite transmission.
  3. Unité selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite transmission comprend une transmission (45) réversible par vis et par écrou.
  4. Unité selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle ladite transmission par vis et par écrou est une transmission à recirculation de billes.
  5. Unité selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans laquelle ladite transmission (45) réversible comprend une vis (46) ayant son propre axe (46A) coïncidant avec ladite direction (K) rectiligne et tournant sous la poussée dudit moteur électrique (50).
  6. Unité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle elle comprend des moyens de détection de position configurés pour détecter la position dudit coulisseau (33) le long de ladite direction (K) rectiligne par rapport audit guide (34).
  7. Unité selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de détection de position comprennent un encodeur associé audit moteur électrique (50).
  8. Unité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de commande et de régulation comprennent des moyens de détection (50A) pour détecter de manière continue l'usure sur la meule (22) ou le disque à polir (27) ; lesdits moyens de détection d'usure étant agencés entre ledit coulisseau (33) et ledit guide (34) fixe.
  9. Machine (1) pour meuler et polir une feuille (2) devant être traitée, en particulier une feuille de verre, la machine (1) comprenant un transporteur (7) pour déplacer vers l'avant la feuille (2) devant être traitée et un ensemble (A, B) pour meuler et polir ladite feuille (2), dans laquelle ledit ensemble (A, B) de meulage et de polissage comprend au moins une unité (30) de meulage ou de polissage selon la revendication 1.
  10. Méthode pour traiter une feuille (2), en particulier une feuille de verre, en utilisant au moins une unité (30) de meulage ou de polissage selon la revendication 1 ; la méthode comprenant une opération de polissage ; ladite opération de polissage comprenant l'étape consistant à presser ledit disque à polir (27) contre la feuille de verre (2) en déplaçant un coulisseau (33) supportant un disque à polir (27) en régulant la poussée d'au moins un cylindre pneumatique (39), et une étape de repos, dans laquelle le coulisseau (33) et le disque à polir (27) sont maintenus immobiles dans la direction rectiligne en exerçant sur le coulisseau (33) une action de freinage opposée à ladite action de poussée, dans laquelle ladite action de freinage est réalisée en régulant le couple d'un moteur électrique (50) pour le positionnement du coulisseau (33) et lorsque le coulisseau (33) est en train de supporter une meule (22) .
  11. Méthode selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle ladite opération de polissage comprend une étape de détection d'usure pour détecter l'usure sur ledit disque à polir (27), ladite détection d'usure étant réalisée en régulant la position d'un coulisseau (33) portant le disque à polir (27) et effectuant une translation dans ladite direction (K) longitudinale.
  12. Méthode selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle la détection d'usure du disque à polir (27) est réalisée en détectant d'une manière continue la variation de l'angle de rotation du moteur électrique (50) .
  13. Méthode selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle la variation de l'angle de rotation est accomplie en utilisant un encodeur du moteur électrique (10) .
  14. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, dans laquelle ladite étape de poussée est réalisée en utilisant le moteur électrique (50) en parallèle avec le cylindre pneumatique (39).
  15. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, dans laquelle elle comprend une opération de meulage ; l'opération de meulage comprenant la détection de l'usure sur la meule (22) ; la détection de l'usure sur la meule (22) comprenant l'étape consistant à déplacer la meule (22) vers l'avant contre une butée fixe au moyen du cylindre pneumatique (39).
EP21161095.1A 2020-03-06 2021-03-05 Unité de broyage ou de polissage d'une feuille, en particulier une feuille de verre, et procédé de traitement de feuilles à l'aide d'une telle unité Active EP3875219B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000004819A IT202000004819A1 (it) 2020-03-06 2020-03-06 Unita' di molatura o lucidatura di una lastra, in particolare una lastra di vetro, e metodo di lavorazione lastra utilizzante tale unita'

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3875219A1 EP3875219A1 (fr) 2021-09-08
EP3875219B1 true EP3875219B1 (fr) 2024-01-31

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EP21161095.1A Active EP3875219B1 (fr) 2020-03-06 2021-03-05 Unité de broyage ou de polissage d'une feuille, en particulier une feuille de verre, et procédé de traitement de feuilles à l'aide d'une telle unité

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EP (1) EP3875219B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2973236T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT202000004819A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0663855A (ja) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-08 Bando Kiko Kk ガラス板の加工機械
IT1292686B1 (it) * 1997-03-11 1999-02-11 Pragma S R L Metodo per la calibratura di elementi in pietra naturale o artificiale particolarmente piastrelle ceramiche, e macchina relativa.
JP4506461B2 (ja) * 2004-12-28 2010-07-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 精密加工装置および精密加工方法
JP4839720B2 (ja) * 2005-08-04 2011-12-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 精密加工装置
ITTV20060184A1 (it) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-20 For El Base Di Vianello Fortunato & C Snc Macchina automatica e procedimento automatico per la smerigliatura dei bordi di lastre di vetro.
WO2016185374A1 (fr) * 2015-05-18 2016-11-24 Ism S.R.L. Machine et procédé pour polir/aplanir des dalles en pierre naturelle ou en marbre ou en granit ou sililaire, ladite machine étant pourvue d'un mécanisme de commande de la position de la broche

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ES2973236T3 (es) 2024-06-19
IT202000004819A1 (it) 2021-09-06

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