EP3872267A1 - Digging machine with a frame equipped with guiding wings - Google Patents

Digging machine with a frame equipped with guiding wings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3872267A1
EP3872267A1 EP21159160.7A EP21159160A EP3872267A1 EP 3872267 A1 EP3872267 A1 EP 3872267A1 EP 21159160 A EP21159160 A EP 21159160A EP 3872267 A1 EP3872267 A1 EP 3872267A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
guide
guide flap
trench
excavating machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21159160.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3872267B1 (en
Inventor
Scott KIRBY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP3872267A1 publication Critical patent/EP3872267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3872267B1 publication Critical patent/EP3872267B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
    • B66C3/14—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon
    • B66C3/16—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon by fluid motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/22—Component parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/47—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets
    • E02F3/475—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets for making foundation slots
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/58—Component parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/025—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with scraper-buckets, dippers or shovels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/08—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging wheels turning round an axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of excavating trenches in the ground, and the production of screens in the ground, in particular diaphragm or prefabricated walls. It relates in particular to techniques for producing arcuate diaphragm walls in the ground.
  • an excavation machine For the production of trenches and screens in the ground, an excavation machine is generally used, which can be a drilling bucket provided with buckets, or else a milling cutter provided with rotating cutting drums.
  • the excavation device therefore most often comprises a pair of buckets, when the excavating machine is a clamshell, or a pair of rotary cutting drums, when the excavating machine is a cutter.
  • the trench produced using such an excavating machine generally has a cross section, considered in a horizontal plane, of substantially rectangular shape.
  • the trench has first and second major faces, which extend vertically while being parallel to each other, and first and second side faces which extend vertically, the side faces being smaller than the first and second major faces.
  • the first and second main faces are perpendicular to the first and second side faces.
  • a technique which consists in drilling a first trench, then a second trench at a distance from the first trench.
  • the portion of soil located between the first and second trenches, generally called merlon, is excavated during a third vertical drilling operation.
  • the fence has a length - corresponding substantially to the distance separating the first and second trenches - less than the length of the cross section of the excavating device, considered in said horizontal plane. It follows that, during vertical excavation of the fence, the area of the fence is less than the attack surface of the excavation device. As the excavating device is not resting on its entire attack surface, this sometimes has the effect of deflecting the excavating machine towards one or the other of the first and second trenches. Such a deviation is particularly troublesome since it leads to a deviation of the drilling path and can lead to damage to the first and second trenches previously made. Such damage has the effect of generating overconsumption of concrete necessary to fill the areas over-excavated by the excavation device having deviated. To mitigate this risk, it is necessary to regularly correct the orientation of the chassis, which is time consuming and harms productivity.
  • this problem arises when it is necessary to excavate a portion of soil whose horizontal section is less than the attack surface of the excavating device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation machine making it possible to limit the deviations of the excavation device, in particular during the drilling of the fence located between two previously excavated trenches.
  • the excavation machine according to the invention therefore makes it possible in particular to improve the quality of production of the diaphragm walls.
  • the invention relates to an excavating machine according to claim 1 which further comprises at least a first guide device comprising at least a first guide flap projecting from the first lateral side of the frame towards the outside. of the frame, and considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the first guide flap is inclined relative to the first lateral side.
  • the first guide flap bears against one of the faces of a previously excavated trench, in order to avoid a deviation of the excavation device in the horizontal plane.
  • a trench traditionally comprises two large vertical main faces and parallel to one another, and two small vertical side faces, parallel to one another and perpendicular to the large main faces.
  • the first guide flap therefore constitutes a lateral extension of the frame which bears against one of the faces of the trench.
  • the first guide flap slides against the wall of the trench during the lowering of the frame into the ground.
  • the first guide flap extends substantially continuously from the frame, so as to form a continuous guide surface between the frame and the first guide flap.
  • the first guide flap comprises a first guide face which is arranged in continuity with the first main side of the frame.
  • the angle of inclination between the first guide flap and the first lateral side is between 0 ° and 90 °, preferably but not exclusively between 45 ° and 90 °. More generally, the angle of inclination can be chosen so that the first guide flap is parallel to the first main side or to the second main side.
  • the first guide flap is parallel to the first main side of the frame.
  • the first guide flap bears against the first or second main vertical face of the trench, which prevents the frame from pivoting in a horizontal plane. The invention therefore makes it possible to prevent a deflection of the excavating device, in particular by pivoting in a horizontal plane.
  • At least one of the first and second main sides of the frame comprises a guide member arranged to bear against a main face of the trench, and the first guide flap and the guide member are coplanar. It is understood that the first guide flap and the guide member have bearing faces against a wall of the trench which extends in the same plane.
  • the guide member can for example consist of one or more plates or uprights which are configured to slide along the main face of the trench during the descent of the excavating machine into the ground. .
  • the first guide flap is detachably attached to the first lateral side of the frame or else to the first main side.
  • the first guide flap is mounted on the frame to pivot about a first axis parallel to the longitudinal direction, the first guide device further comprising a first locking device for locking the first guide flap in rotation with respect to to the first lateral side.
  • One advantage is being able to fold the first guide flap against the first lateral side. Thus, it is possible to drill the trench without having to remove the first guide device from the frame.
  • Another advantage of the swivel mounting is that it can adjust the angle of inclination of the first guide flap relative to the first lateral side, whereby the same excavating machine can be used to make different types and shapes of walls, in particular. arched or cylindrical.
  • a single excavating machine can therefore be used on a site to produce walls having different configurations.
  • the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a first cylinder for pivoting the first guide flap relative to the first lateral side.
  • the cylinder can be controlled remotely by an operator. It may be of the hydraulic, electric, or even manual actuation type.
  • the jack can also serve as the first locking device.
  • the first guide flap comprises a plate, preferably flat, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame.
  • the plate preferably bears against one of the main faces of the trench.
  • the first guide flap is arranged in the lower end part of the frame.
  • the first guide flap therefore preferably extends from a lower end portion of the first lateral side of the frame.
  • the first guide device further comprises a shoe arranged on a lateral edge of the first guide flap, the shoe being designed to come to bear against a lateral face of a trench.
  • the pad preferably extends along the side edge of the first guide flap. It makes it possible to produce a linear support against said lateral edge or against a longitudinal seal of the CWS type when it is present.
  • the first guide device further comprises a second guide flap connected to the first guide flap, so that the first guide flap is arranged between the frame and the second guide flap.
  • the second guide flap constitutes a lateral extension of the first guide flap.
  • the second guide flap is inclined relative to the first guide flap.
  • Such a conformation makes it possible to increase the possible support zones on the walls of the adjacent trenches.
  • the second guide flap is mounted to the first guide flap in a pivoting manner about a second axis parallel to the first axis, the second guide device further comprising a second locking device for locking the second flap in rotation. guide with respect to the first guide flap.
  • the first and second blocking devices can be actuated independently, in order to adapt the guide device to the configuration of the adjacent trenches.
  • the first and second guide flaps are preferably retractable so as to be hidden when the excavating machine is used to drill the first or second trench.
  • the first and second guide flaps are therefore deployed during drilling of the portion of soil constituting the fence.
  • the excavating machine comprises a second cylinder for pivoting the second guide flap relative to the first guide flap.
  • the second cylinder can be controlled remotely or be of the manual type.
  • the second guide flap comprises a plate, preferably flat, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame.
  • the first guide device further and preferably comprises a shoe arranged on a lateral edge of the second guide flap, the shoe being designed to come to bear against a lateral face of a trench.
  • the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a second guide device comprising at least a third guide flap projecting from the second lateral side of the frame towards the outside of the frame and, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the third guide flap is inclined relative to the second lateral side of the frame.
  • first and third guide flaps are arranged on either side of the frame.
  • the third guide flap projects from the lower part of the frame.
  • the first and third guide flaps are both arranged in the lower part of the frame.
  • the second guide device comprises an additional guide flap, similar to the second guide flap, and connected to the third guide flap
  • the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a third guide device provided with a fourth guide flap projecting from the first or second lateral side of the frame towards the outside of the frame. and, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the fourth guide flap is inclined relative to the first or the second lateral side of the frame, the fourth guide flap projecting from the upper part of the frame.
  • the excavating machine is of the bucket type and the excavating device comprises a pair of mobile buckets.
  • the excavating machine is a cutter and the excavating device comprises at least one cutting drum which is rotatable about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the first main side of the frame.
  • a second trench is drilled vertically in the ground, said second trench being separated from the first trench by the portion of soil.
  • an excavation machine provided with the first and second guide devices is used, so as to maintain the orientation of the frame with respect to the faces of the first and second trenches.
  • the first and second trenches are inclined with respect to one another.
  • This excavating machine comprises a frame 12 extending in a longitudinal direction A between a lower end part 14 and an upper end part 16.
  • a longitudinal direction A extends along the Z axis.
  • the frame has a length L which extends along the X axis, and a width I which extends along the Y axis.
  • the frame 12 has a first main side 20 which extends in the vertical plane XZ.
  • the frame 12 further comprises a second main side 22 which is opposite parallel to the main side 20. It is understood that the distance between the first and second main sides 20,22 corresponds to the width I.
  • the frame 12 further comprises a first lateral side 24 which extends in the vertical plane YZ.
  • the frame has a second lateral plane 26 which is opposed parallel to the first lateral side 24.
  • the distance between the first and second lateral sides 24,26 corresponds to the length L of the frame.
  • the frame 12 also has a height H which extends along the Z axis.
  • first and second main sides 20,22 and the first and second lateral sides 24,26 extend in the longitudinal direction A of the frame 12. Furthermore, the first and second lateral sides 24,26 are transverse. , in particular perpendicular to the first and second main sides 20,22.
  • the excavating machine 10 furthermore comprises an excavating device 30 which is arranged under the lower end part 14 of the frame 12.
  • the excavating device 30 comprises two cutting drums. 32, 34, known elsewhere, which are rotatable about axes of rotation C and D parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first main side 20 of the frame 12.
  • the excavating device 30 also comprises hydraulic motors known elsewhere, which, in this example, are integrated into the cutting drums 32,34.
  • the excavating machine 10 is suspended from a lifting cable 9 which is connected to the upper end part 16 of the frame 12.
  • the frame 12 furthermore comprises guide members 42 which in turn extend along the second. main side 22.
  • the frame 12 also comprises third guide members 44 which extend along the first lateral side 24 and fourth guide members 46 which extend along the second lateral side 26.
  • These guide members 40, 42,44,46 are known elsewhere and will not be described in more detail here.
  • the first, second, third and fourth guide members 40,42,44,46 serve to guide the vertical movement of the frame by resting against the faces of the trench.
  • the excavating machine 10 further comprises a first guide device 50 , the function of which is to guide the vertical movement of the frame, by resting against a wall of an adjacent trench.
  • the first guide device 50 comprises, in this example, a first guide flap 52 which projects from the first lateral side 24 of the frame 12 towards the outside of the frame.
  • the first guide flap 52 is inclined with respect to the first lateral side 24.
  • the inclination angle is referenced ⁇ 1 in the figures.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 is equal to approximately 90 °, so that the first guide flap 52 is parallel to the first main side 20 of the frame 12.
  • the first guide flap 52 and the first guide member 40 are coplanar. More precisely, the first guide flap 52 and the first guide member 40 have bearing faces which extend in the same plane.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 1 between the first guide flap 52 and the first lateral side 24 is of the order of 45 °.
  • the first guide flap 52 is mounted on the frame 12 in a pivoting manner about a first axis U1 which is parallel to the longitudinal direction A, in other words the axis U1 extends along the axis Z of the mark.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 1 between the first guide flap 52 and the first lateral side 24 which is therefore adjustable by pivoting of the first axis U1 .
  • the first guide device 50 further comprises a first blocking device 54 for blocking in rotation the first guide flap 52 relative to the first lateral side 24.
  • the first blocking device 54 is constituted by a first cylinder 55, which also has the function of causing the first guide flap 52 to pivot relative to the first lateral side 24.
  • This first cylinder 55 can be manual or actuated by electric or hydraulic means.
  • the pivoting amplitude of the first guide flap 52 relative to the first lateral side 24 is between 0 °, the position in which the first guide flap 52 is folded back against the lateral side 54, and approximately 90 °, the position in which the first guide flap 52 is parallel to the first guide member 40).
  • this amplitude is between 45 ° and 90 °.
  • the first guide flap 52 comprises a plate 53, which is planar and which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame, in other words this plate 53 is located in a vertical plane which is either parallel to the plane of the first principal side or inclined relative to the latter.
  • the first guide flap 52 is disposed in the lower end part 14 of the frame 12.
  • the first guide device 50 further comprises a shoe 51 disposed on a lateral edge 52 a of the first guide flap 52.
  • the pad 55 is provided to abut on a side face of a trench.
  • the first guide device 50 further comprises a second guide flap 56 which is connected to the first guide flap 52 so that the first guide flap 52 is disposed between the frame 12 and the second guide flap 56.
  • the second guide flap 56 is juxtaposed with the first guide flap 52.
  • the first and second flaps 52, 26 may be parallel.
  • the second guide flap 56 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 relative to the first guide flap 52.
  • This angle ⁇ 1 is therefore between 0 ° and 180 °. It will be understood that when the angle ⁇ 1 is equal to 180 °, the first and second guide flaps 52, 56 are parallel to one another.
  • the second guide flap 56 is mounted to the first guide flap 52 so as to pivot about a second axis U2 which is parallel to the first axis U1 .
  • the second guide device comprises a second blocking device 58 for blocking the second guide flap 56 in rotation relative to the first guide flap 52.
  • the second locking flap 58 includes a second ram 59, similar to the first ram 55, this second ram 59 also having the function of pivoting the second guide flap 56 relative to the second guide flap 52.
  • the second cylinder 59 therefore makes it possible to orient and block the second guide flap 56 relative to the second guide flap 52.
  • the second guide flap 56 comprises a plate 57, which is planar, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame.
  • the plate 57 is also in a vertical plane.
  • the first guide device 50 further comprises a pad 61, similar to the pad 51 described above, which is disposed on a lateral edge 56 a of the second guide flap 56, the pad being designed to bear against a lateral face of a trench as will be explained below.
  • the pad extends vertically and is fitted to the side edge 56 a.
  • the excavating machine further comprises a second guide device 60 which comprises a third guide flap 62 projecting from the second side 26 of the frame 12.
  • the third guide flap projects outwardly from the frame from the lower part of the chassis.
  • the third guide flap 62 could alternatively project from the upper part 16 of the frame.
  • the structure of the second guide device 60 is similar to that of the first guide device 50.
  • the second guide device 60 could have a shape or a number of guide flaps different from the first device. guide 50.
  • the second guide device 60 is shaped such that, considered in an XY plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction A of the frame 12, the third guide flap 62 is inclined by a angle a2 with respect to the second lateral 26 of the frame 12.
  • the angle a2 is substantially equal to 90 ° so that the third guide flap 62 is parallel to the main side of the frame 12, while being parallel to the first guide flap 52. More exactly, in the example of figure 2 , The first and second guide vanes 52,62 have support faces 52 b and 62 b which are coplanar.
  • the angle of inclination a2 of the third guide flap 62 relative to the second lateral side 26 is of the order of 45 °, is similar to the angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the third guide flap 62 is pivotable relative to the frame about an axis of rotation U3 parallel to the axis of rotation U1, so that the angle of inclination a2 is adjustable.
  • a jack 63 is provided, similar to the first jack 54 in order to adjust the inclination a2, and to immobilize the third guide flap 62 with respect to the frame 12.
  • the second guide device further comprises an additional guide flap 64 which rises and pivots relative to the third guide flap 62 about an axis of rotation U4 which is parallel to the axis of rotation U3.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 2 between the additional guide flap 64 and the third guide flap 62 is adjustable by means of a jack 65 similar to the second jack 59 of the first guide device 50.
  • the additional guide flap 64 which extends in a vertical plane, is also provided with a shoe 61.
  • the figure 8 illustrates another embodiment of the excavating machine according to the invention.
  • the excavating machine 10 further comprises a third guide device 70 which is provided with a fourth guide flap 72 which projects from the first lateral side 24 of the frame 12 towards the outside. of the chassis.
  • the first and fourth guide flaps 52, 72 extend essentially in the same vertical plane.
  • the fourth guide flap 72 is inclined relative to the first lateral side of the frame, the fourth guide flap protrudes from the upper part 16 of the frame.
  • the third guide device 70 is similar to the first guide device 50, except that it is placed in the upper part of the frame.
  • the excavating machine 10 further comprises a fourth guide device 80, protruding from the upper part 16 of the frame, which comprises a fifth guide flap 82 which is also protruding from the second lateral side 26 of the frame towards the outside of the chassis.
  • the fifth guide flap 82 is inclined with respect to the second lateral side 26 of the frame 12, the fifth guide flap 82 projecting from the upper part. of the chassis.
  • first, fourth and fifth guide flaps 72,82 extend substantially in the same vertical plane.
  • the figure 9 illustrates an excavation machine 10 according to a variant of that of the figure 1 .
  • the excavating machine is a dumpster.
  • Its excavation device 30 comprises a pair of mobile buckets 31,33, known elsewhere.
  • FIG. 5 A , 5 B there is illustrated a first embodiment of drilling in a soil S.
  • a soil S in top view According to the method, a first trench 100 is drilled vertically in the ground S having a main face 102 which is vertical as well as a second main face 104 parallel to the first main face 102.
  • the first trench 100 further comprises a second lateral face. 108 which is parallel to the first side face 106; the first and second side faces 106,108 being perpendicular to the first and second main faces 102,104.
  • a portion of soil P is drilled vertically into the ground using the excavation machine of the figure 4 by having previously folded down or removed the second guide device 60.
  • the length q of the portion of soil P is much less than the length LT of the trench 100.
  • the excavating machine the excavating device of which is disposed in cantilever on the portion of soil P, is guided during its vertical movement by the first guide flap 52 which bears against the first main face 102 of the first trench 100. Furthermore, the second guide flap 56 comes to rest via its lateral edge 56 fitted with the pad 61 against the first lateral side 106.
  • the guide device 50 by means of the first and second flaps guide 52,56 makes it possible to prevent the excavating machine 10 from deviating in the direction X during the drilling of the portion P.
  • the excavator 10 would risk in the absence of the first guide device 50, to deviate in the direction X.
  • the first guide device 50 makes it possible to keep the excavating machine correctly oriented in the ground in order to maintain the desired drilling direction.
  • a first trench 200 is drilled vertically in the soil S, the first trench having a first main face 202, a second main face 204 parallel to the first main face, a first lateral face 206 which is orthogonal to the first main face 202 and a second side face 208 which is parallel to the first side face 206.
  • first trench 200 and the second trench 300 have first main faces 202, 302, which are parallel to each other, preferably coplanar.
  • the portion of soil P is generally called a merlon.
  • the length e of the portion of soil P is less than the length LT of the first and second trenches 200,300.
  • the second trench 300 also has first and second main faces 302, 304 and first and second side faces 306,308.
  • FIG 6 B there is illustrated the excavation of the portion P using the excavation machine 10 according to figure 4 .
  • the excavation machine 10 is lowered vertically to the right of the portion of soil P to be excavated. As can be seen on the figure 6 B , the length L of the frame 12 of the excavating machine 10 is substantially greater than the length e of the soil portion P.
  • the first and second guide devices 50,60 are deployed so that the first guide flap 52 bears against the first main face 202, the shoe 61 of the second guide flap 56 bears against the first lateral face 206, the third guide flap 62 (of the second guide device 60) bears against the first main face 302 of the second trench 300 while the pad 61 of the additional guide flap 64 of the second guide device 60 bears against the second lateral face 308 of the second trench 300.
  • This conformation makes it possible to prevent an untimely movement of the excavating machine in the X direction, thanks to the pads 59 which bear against the side faces 206,308 of the first and second trenches, and also prevents rotation of the frame around the axis. Z thanks to the support of the first and third guide flaps 52, 62 against the first main faces of the first and second trenches.
  • the second guide flap 56 can also come to bear against the first main face 202 of the first trench 200, likewise the additional guide flap 64 could come to bear against the first main face 302 of the second trench 300.
  • figures 7 A and 7 B differs from that of figures 6 A and 6 B in that the first and second trenches are, considered in the horizontal plane XY, inclined with respect to each other. This means in particular that the first side faces 202,302 of the first and second trenches 200,300 are not parallel.
  • the portion of soil P located between the first and second trenches 200, 300 has a trapezoidal shape. The advantage of such an arrangement is to form an arched wall element.
  • the first and second guide devices 50,60 are deployed in the same way as in the embodiment illustrated in figure 6 B , so that the first and third guide flaps 52,62 bear against the first main faces 202,302 of the first and second trenches 200,300, while the pads 59 of the first and second guide devices bear respectively against the first lateral face 206 of the first trench and the second lateral face 308 of the second trench.
  • angles of inclination ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the first and third guide flaps 52,62 relative to the first and second sides 24,26 of the frame 12 are less than 90 °.
  • the angles of inclination ⁇ 1 and a2 are adjusted by actuating the jacks 54 and 63.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine d'excavation (10) pour réaliser une tranchée dans un sol comportant :un châssis (12) s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale (A);un dispositif d'excavation (30) disposé sous la partie d'extrémité inférieure (14) du châssis (12) ;la machine d'excavation (10) comportant en outre au moins un premier dispositif de guidage (50) comprenant au moins un premier volet de guidage (52) en saillie depuis un premier côté latéral (24) du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis, et dans laquelle, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis (12), le premier volet de guidage (52) est incliné par rapport au premier côté latéral (24).The invention relates to an excavating machine (10) for making a trench in a ground comprising: a frame (12) extending in a longitudinal direction (A); an excavating device (30) arranged under the part of the the lower end (14) of the frame (12); the excavating machine (10) further comprising at least a first guide device (50) comprising at least a first guide flap (52) projecting from a first side side (24) of the frame towards the outside of the frame, and in which, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame (12), the first guide flap (52) is inclined with respect to the first side lateral (24).

Description

Domaine TechniqueTechnical area

L'invention concerne le domaine de l'excavation de tranchées dans le sol, et la réalisation d'écrans dans le sol, notamment des parois moulées ou préfabriquées. Elle concerne en particulier les techniques de réalisation de parois moulées arquées dans le sol.The invention relates to the field of excavating trenches in the ground, and the production of screens in the ground, in particular diaphragm or prefabricated walls. It relates in particular to techniques for producing arcuate diaphragm walls in the ground.

Technique AntérieurePrior Technique

Pour la réalisation de tranchées et d'écrans dans le sol, on utilise généralement une machine d'excavation, qui peut être une benne de forage munie de godets, ou bien une fraise munie de tambours de coupe rotatifs.For the production of trenches and screens in the ground, an excavation machine is generally used, which can be a drilling bucket provided with buckets, or else a milling cutter provided with rotating cutting drums.

Une telle machine d'excavation comporte traditionnellement :

  • un châssis s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale entre une partie d'extrémité inférieure et une partie d'extrémité supérieure, le châssis ayant un premier côté principal, un second côté principal opposé au premier côté principal, un premier côté latéral et un second côté latéral opposé au premier côté latéral, les premier et second côtés principaux et les premier et second côtés latéraux s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale du châssis, les premier et second côtés latéraux étant transversaux aux premier et second côtés principaux ;
  • un dispositif d'excavation disposé sous la partie d'extrémité inférieure du châssis.
Such an excavation machine traditionally comprises:
  • a frame extending in a longitudinal direction between a lower end portion and an upper end portion, the frame having a first major side, a second major side opposite the first major side, a first lateral side and a second side lateral opposite to the first lateral side, the first and second principal sides and the first and second lateral sides extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame, the first and second lateral sides being transverse to the first and second principal sides;
  • an excavating device disposed under the lower end portion of the frame.

Le dispositif d'excavation comporte donc le plus souvent une paire de godets, lorsque la machine d'excavation est une benne preneuse, ou une paire de tambours de coupe rotatifs, lorsque la machine d'excavation est une fraise.The excavation device therefore most often comprises a pair of buckets, when the excavating machine is a clamshell, or a pair of rotary cutting drums, when the excavating machine is a cutter.

La tranchée réalisée à l'aide d'une telle machine d'excavation présente généralement une section transversale, considérée dans un plan horizontal, de forme sensiblement rectangulaire. La tranchée présente des première et seconde faces principales, qui s'étendent verticalement en étant parallèles l'une à l'autre, ainsi que des première et seconde faces latérales qui s'étendent verticalement, les faces latérales étant plus petites que les première et seconde faces principales. Les première et seconde faces principales sont perpendiculaires aux première et seconde faces latérales.The trench produced using such an excavating machine generally has a cross section, considered in a horizontal plane, of substantially rectangular shape. The trench has first and second major faces, which extend vertically while being parallel to each other, and first and second side faces which extend vertically, the side faces being smaller than the first and second major faces. The first and second main faces are perpendicular to the first and second side faces.

Pour réaliser une paroi continue dans le sol, on connait une technique consistant à forer une première tranchée, puis une deuxième tranchée à distance de la première tranchée. La portion de sol située entre les première et deuxième tranchée, généralement dénommée merlon, est excavée lors d'une troisième opération de forage vertical.To produce a continuous wall in the ground, a technique is known which consists in drilling a first trench, then a second trench at a distance from the first trench. The portion of soil located between the first and second trenches, generally called merlon, is excavated during a third vertical drilling operation.

Le plus souvent, le merlon présente une longueur - correspondant sensiblement à la distance séparant les première et deuxième tranchées - inférieure à la longueur de la section transversale du dispositif d'excavation, considérée dans ledit plan horizontal. Il s'ensuit que, lors de l'excavation verticale du merlon, la surface du merlon est inférieure à la surface d'attaque du dispositif d'excavation. Comme le dispositif d'excavation n'est pas en appui sur toute sa surface d'attaque, cela a parfois pour effet de faire dévier la machine d'excavation vers l'une ou l'autre des première et deuxième tranchées. Une telle déviation est particulièrement gênante dès lors qu'elle conduit à une déviation de trajectoire de forage et peut conduire à abimer les première et deuxième tranchées préalablement réalisées. Un tel endommagement a pour effet d'engendrer une surconsommation de béton nécessaire pour remplir les zones sur-excavées par le dispositif d'excavation ayant dévié. Pour pallier ce risque, il est nécessaire de corriger régulièrement l'orientation du châssis, ce qui est chronophage et nuit à la productivité.Most often, the fence has a length - corresponding substantially to the distance separating the first and second trenches - less than the length of the cross section of the excavating device, considered in said horizontal plane. It follows that, during vertical excavation of the fence, the area of the fence is less than the attack surface of the excavation device. As the excavating device is not resting on its entire attack surface, this sometimes has the effect of deflecting the excavating machine towards one or the other of the first and second trenches. Such a deviation is particularly troublesome since it leads to a deviation of the drilling path and can lead to damage to the first and second trenches previously made. Such damage has the effect of generating overconsumption of concrete necessary to fill the areas over-excavated by the excavation device having deviated. To mitigate this risk, it is necessary to regularly correct the orientation of the chassis, which is time consuming and harms productivity.

Une telle déviation est encore plus problématique dans le cas de la réalisation d'écrans arqués où les première et deuxième tranchées ne sont pas parallèles l'une à l'autre.Such a deviation is even more problematic in the case of making arched screens where the first and second trenches are not parallel to each other.

Plus généralement, cette problématique se présente dès lors qu'il est nécessaire d'excaver une portion de sol dont la section horizontale est inférieure à la surface d'attaque du dispositif d'excavation.More generally, this problem arises when it is necessary to excavate a portion of soil whose horizontal section is less than the attack surface of the excavating device.

Exposé de l'inventionDisclosure of the invention

Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une machine d'excavation permettant de limiter les déviations du dispositif d'excavation, notamment lors du forage du merlon situé entre deux tranchées préalablement excavées. La machine d'excavation selon l'invention permet donc en particulier d'améliorer la qualité de réalisation des parois moulées.An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation machine making it possible to limit the deviations of the excavation device, in particular during the drilling of the fence located between two previously excavated trenches. The excavation machine according to the invention therefore makes it possible in particular to improve the quality of production of the diaphragm walls.

Pour ce faire, l'invention porte sur une machine d'excavation selon la revendication 1 qui comporte en outre au moins un premier dispositif de guidage comprenant au moins un premier volet de guidage en saillie depuis le premier côté latéral du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis, et considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du châssis, le premier volet de guidage est incliné par rapport au premier côté latéral.To do this, the invention relates to an excavating machine according to claim 1 which further comprises at least a first guide device comprising at least a first guide flap projecting from the first lateral side of the frame towards the outside. of the frame, and considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the first guide flap is inclined relative to the first lateral side.

Lors de l'excavation du merlon, le premier volet de guidage vient en appui contre l'une des faces de l'une tranchée préalablement excavée, afin d'éviter une déviation du dispositif d'excavation dans le plan horizontal. Une telle tranchée comporte traditionnellement deux grandes faces principales verticales et parallèles l'une à l'autre, et deux petites faces latérales verticales, parallèles l'une à l'autre et perpendiculaires aux grandes faces principales.During the excavation of the fence, the first guide flap bears against one of the faces of a previously excavated trench, in order to avoid a deviation of the excavation device in the horizontal plane. Such a trench traditionally comprises two large vertical main faces and parallel to one another, and two small vertical side faces, parallel to one another and perpendicular to the large main faces.

Le premier volet de guidage constitue donc une extension latérale du châssis qui vient en appui contre une des faces de la tranchée. Le premier volet de guidage glisse contre la paroi de la tranchée pendant la descente du châssis dans le sol. De préférence, mais non exclusivement, le premier volet de guidage s'étend substantiellement continûment depuis le châssis, de manière à former une surface de guidage continue entre châssis et le premier volet de guidage. Préférentiellement, le premier volet de guidage comporte une première face de guidage qui est disposée dans la continuité du premier côté principal du châssis.The first guide flap therefore constitutes a lateral extension of the frame which bears against one of the faces of the trench. The first guide flap slides against the wall of the trench during the lowering of the frame into the ground. Preferably, but not exclusively, the first guide flap extends substantially continuously from the frame, so as to form a continuous guide surface between the frame and the first guide flap. Preferably, the first guide flap comprises a first guide face which is arranged in continuity with the first main side of the frame.

De préférence, l'angle d'inclinaison entre le premier volet de guidage et le premier côté latéral est compris entre 0° et 90°, de préférence mais non exclusivement entre 45° et 90°. Plus généralement, l'angle d'inclinaison peut être choisi de sorte que le premier volet de guidage soit parallèle au premier côté principal ou au second côté principal.Preferably, the angle of inclination between the first guide flap and the first lateral side is between 0 ° and 90 °, preferably but not exclusively between 45 ° and 90 °. More generally, the angle of inclination can be chosen so that the first guide flap is parallel to the first main side or to the second main side.

Aussi, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le premier volet de guidage est parallèle au premier côté principal du châssis. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le premier volet de guidage vient en appui contre la première ou deuxième face verticale principale de la tranchée, ce qui empêche le châssis de pivoter dans un plan horizontal. L'invention permet donc d'empêcher une déviation du dispositif d'excavation, notamment par pivotement dans un plan horizontal.Also, according to one embodiment of the invention, the first guide flap is parallel to the first main side of the frame. In this embodiment, the first guide flap bears against the first or second main vertical face of the trench, which prevents the frame from pivoting in a horizontal plane. The invention therefore makes it possible to prevent a deflection of the excavating device, in particular by pivoting in a horizontal plane.

On comprend donc que, en position d'usage, le premier volet de guidage est fixe par rapport au châssis.It is therefore understood that, in the position of use, the first guide flap is fixed relative to the frame.

De préférence, au moins l'un des premier et second côtés principaux du châssis comprend un organe de guidage agencé pour venir en appui contre une face principale de la tranchée, et le premier volet de guidage et l'organe de guidage sont coplanaires. On comprend que le premier volet de guidage et l'organe de guidage présentent des faces d'appui contre une paroi de la tranchée qui s'étendant dans un même plan. L'organe de guidage, connu par ailleurs, peut par exemple être constituée d'une ou plusieurs plaques ou montants qui sont configurés pour glisser le long de la face principale de la tranchée lors de la descente de la machine d'excavation dans le sol.Preferably, at least one of the first and second main sides of the frame comprises a guide member arranged to bear against a main face of the trench, and the first guide flap and the guide member are coplanar. It is understood that the first guide flap and the guide member have bearing faces against a wall of the trench which extends in the same plane. The guide member, known elsewhere, can for example consist of one or more plates or uprights which are configured to slide along the main face of the trench during the descent of the excavating machine into the ground. .

Selon un mode de réalisation, le premier volet de guidage est fixé de façon démontable au premier côté latéral du châssis ou bien au premier côté principal.According to one embodiment, the first guide flap is detachably attached to the first lateral side of the frame or else to the first main side.

Avantageusement, le premier volet de guidage est monté au châssis de façon pivotante autour d'un premier axe parallèle à la direction longitudinale, le premier dispositif de guidage comprenant en outre un premier dispositif de blocage pour bloquer en rotation le premier volet de guidage par rapport au premier côté latéral.Advantageously, the first guide flap is mounted on the frame to pivot about a first axis parallel to the longitudinal direction, the first guide device further comprising a first locking device for locking the first guide flap in rotation with respect to to the first lateral side.

Un intérêt est de pouvoir rabattre le premier volet de guidage contre le premier côté latéral. Ainsi, il est possible forer la tranchée sans avoir à retirer le premier dispositif de guidage du châssis. Un autre intérêt du montage pivotant est de pouvoir régler l'angle d'inclinaison du premier volet de guidage par rapport au premier côté latéral, grâce à quoi la même machine d'excavation peut être utilisée pour réaliser différents types et formes de parois, notamment arquées ou cylindriques. De façon avantageuse, une seule machine d'excavation peut donc être utilisée sur un chantier pour réaliser des parois ayant des configurations différentes.One advantage is being able to fold the first guide flap against the first lateral side. Thus, it is possible to drill the trench without having to remove the first guide device from the frame. Another advantage of the swivel mounting is that it can adjust the angle of inclination of the first guide flap relative to the first lateral side, whereby the same excavating machine can be used to make different types and shapes of walls, in particular. arched or cylindrical. Advantageously, a single excavating machine can therefore be used on a site to produce walls having different configurations.

De préférence, mais non nécessairement, la machine d'excavation selon l'invention comporte en outre un premier vérin pour faire pivoter le premier volet de guidage par rapport au premier côté latéral. Le vérin peut être contrôlé à distance par un opérateur. Il peut être du type hydraulique, électrique, ou bien encore à actionnement manuel. Le vérin peut également servir de premier dispositif de blocage.Preferably, but not necessarily, the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a first cylinder for pivoting the first guide flap relative to the first lateral side. The cylinder can be controlled remotely by an operator. It may be of the hydraulic, electric, or even manual actuation type. The jack can also serve as the first locking device.

Avantageusement le premier volet de guidage comporte une plaque, de préférence plane, qui est parallèle à la direction longitudinale du châssis. La plaque vient préférentiellement en appui contre l'une des faces principales de la tranchée.Advantageously, the first guide flap comprises a plate, preferably flat, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame. The plate preferably bears against one of the main faces of the trench.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, le premier volet de guidage est disposé en partie d'extrémité inférieure du châssis. Le premier volet de guidage s'étend donc de préférence depuis une partie d'extrémité inférieure du premier côté latéral du châssis.According to a preferred embodiment, the first guide flap is arranged in the lower end part of the frame. The first guide flap therefore preferably extends from a lower end portion of the first lateral side of the frame.

Selon une variante, le premier dispositif de guidage comporte en outre un patin disposé sur un bord latéral du premier volet de guidage, le patin étant prévu pour venir en appui contre une face latérale d'une tranchée. Le patin s'étend de préférence le long du bord latéral du premier volet de guidage. Il permet de réaliser un appui linéaire contre ledit bord latéral ou contre un joint longitudinal de type CWS lorsqu'il est présent.According to a variant, the first guide device further comprises a shoe arranged on a lateral edge of the first guide flap, the shoe being designed to come to bear against a lateral face of a trench. The pad preferably extends along the side edge of the first guide flap. It makes it possible to produce a linear support against said lateral edge or against a longitudinal seal of the CWS type when it is present.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le premier dispositif de guidage comprend en outre un deuxième volet de guidage relié au premier volet de guidage, de sorte que le premier volet de guidage est disposé entre le châssis et le deuxième volet de guidage.According to another embodiment, the first guide device further comprises a second guide flap connected to the first guide flap, so that the first guide flap is arranged between the frame and the second guide flap.

On comprend que le deuxième volet de guidage constitue une extension latérale du premier volet de guidage.It is understood that the second guide flap constitutes a lateral extension of the first guide flap.

De préférence, considéré selon un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du châssis, le deuxième volet de guidage est incliné par rapport au premier volet de guidage. Une telle conformation permet d'augmenter les zones d'appui possibles sur les parois des tranchées adjacentes.Preferably, considered along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the second guide flap is inclined relative to the first guide flap. Such a conformation makes it possible to increase the possible support zones on the walls of the adjacent trenches.

Encore de préférence, le deuxième volet de guidage est monté au premier volet de guidage de façon pivotante autour d'un deuxième axe parallèle au premier axe, le deuxième dispositif de guidage comprenant en outre un deuxième dispositif de blocage pour bloquer en rotation le deuxième volet de guidage par rapport au premier volet de guidage.Even more preferably, the second guide flap is mounted to the first guide flap in a pivoting manner about a second axis parallel to the first axis, the second guide device further comprising a second locking device for locking the second flap in rotation. guide with respect to the first guide flap.

Les premier et deuxième dispositifs de blocage peuvent être actionnés de manière indépendante, afin d'adapter le dispositif de guidage à la configuration des tranchées adjacentes.The first and second blocking devices can be actuated independently, in order to adapt the guide device to the configuration of the adjacent trenches.

Les premier et deuxième volets de guidage sont préférentiellement rétractables de façon à être masqués lorsque la machine d'excavation est utilisée pour forer la première ou deuxième tranchée. Les premier et deuxième volets de guidage sont donc déployés lors du forage de la portion de sol constituant le merlon.The first and second guide flaps are preferably retractable so as to be hidden when the excavating machine is used to drill the first or second trench. The first and second guide flaps are therefore deployed during drilling of the portion of soil constituting the fence.

De préférence, la machine d'excavation selon l'invention comprend un deuxième vérin pour faire pivoter le deuxième volet de guidage par rapport au premier volet de guidage. A l'instar du premier vérin, le deuxième vérin peut être contrôlé à distance ou bien être de type manuel.Preferably, the excavating machine according to the invention comprises a second cylinder for pivoting the second guide flap relative to the first guide flap. Like the first cylinder, the second cylinder can be controlled remotely or be of the manual type.

Encore de préférence, et à l'instar du premier volet de guidage, le deuxième volet de guidage comporte une plaque, de préférence plane, qui est parallèle la direction longitudinale du châssis.Even more preferably, and like the first guide flap, the second guide flap comprises a plate, preferably flat, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame.

Le premier dispositif de guidage comporte en outre et de préférence un patin disposé sur un bord latéral du deuxième volet de guidage, le patin étant prévu pour venir en appui contre une face latérale d'une tranchée.The first guide device further and preferably comprises a shoe arranged on a lateral edge of the second guide flap, the shoe being designed to come to bear against a lateral face of a trench.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la machine d'excavation selon l'invention comprend en outre un deuxième dispositif de guidage comprenant au moins un troisième volet de guidage en saillie par rapport au second côté latéral du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis et, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du châssis, le troisième volet de guidage est incliné par rapport au second côté latéral du châssis.According to another embodiment, the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a second guide device comprising at least a third guide flap projecting from the second lateral side of the frame towards the outside of the frame and, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the third guide flap is inclined relative to the second lateral side of the frame.

On comprend que les premier et troisième volets de guidage sont disposés de part et d'autre du châssis.It is understood that the first and third guide flaps are arranged on either side of the frame.

Selon un exemple préférentiel de réalisation, le troisième volet de guidage est en saillie depuis la partie inférieure du châssis. Aussi, de préférence, les premier et troisième volets de guidage sont tous deux disposés en partie inférieure du châssis. De préférence, mais non nécessairement, le deuxième dispositif de guidage comporte un volet de guidage additionnel, similaire au deuxième volet de guidage, et relié au troisième volet de guidageAccording to a preferred embodiment, the third guide flap projects from the lower part of the frame. Also, preferably, the first and third guide flaps are both arranged in the lower part of the frame. Preferably, but not necessarily, the second guide device comprises an additional guide flap, similar to the second guide flap, and connected to the third guide flap

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la machine d'excavation selon l'invention comprend en outre un troisième dispositif de guidage muni d'un quatrième volet de guidage en saillie par rapport au premier ou second côté latéral du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis et, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage est incliné par rapport au premier ou au second côté latéral du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage étant en saillie depuis la partie supérieure du châssis.According to another embodiment, the excavating machine according to the invention further comprises a third guide device provided with a fourth guide flap projecting from the first or second lateral side of the frame towards the outside of the frame. and, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame, the fourth guide flap is inclined relative to the first or the second lateral side of the frame, the fourth guide flap projecting from the upper part of the frame.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la machine d'excavation est de type benne et le dispositif d'excavation comporte une paire de godets mobiles.According to one embodiment, the excavating machine is of the bucket type and the excavating device comprises a pair of mobile buckets.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la machine d'excavation est une fraise et le dispositif d'excavation comporte au moins un tambour de coupe qui est rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation perpendiculaire au premier côté principal du châssis.According to another embodiment, the excavating machine is a cutter and the excavating device comprises at least one cutting drum which is rotatable about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the first main side of the frame.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de forage d'un sol, dans lequel :

  • on fore verticalement une première tranchée dans le sol, la première tranchée ayant une première face principale qui est verticale ainsi qu'une première face latérale qui est verticale et orthogonale à la première face principale ; puis
  • on fore verticalement dans le sol une portion de sol à l'aide de la machine d'excavation selon l'invention, le premier volet de guidage venant en appui contre la première face principale de la première tranchée pendant le forage de la portion de sol.
The invention also relates to a method of drilling a soil, in which:
  • a first trench is drilled vertically in the ground, the first trench having a first main face which is vertical as well as a first lateral face which is vertical and orthogonal to the first main face; then
  • a portion of soil is drilled vertically into the ground using the excavation machine according to the invention, the first guide flap bearing against the first main face of the first trench during the drilling of the portion of soil .

L'invention concerne enfin un procédé de forage d'un sol, dans lequel :

  • on fore verticalement une première tranchée dans le sol, la première tranchée ayant une première face principale et une première face latérale qui est orthogonale à face principale ; puis
  • on fore verticalement une portion de sol à l'aide de la machine d'excavation selon l'invention, le deuxième volet de guidage venant en appui contre la première face principale et/ou contre la première face latérale de la première tranchée pendant le forage de la portion de sol.
Finally, the invention relates to a method for drilling a soil, in which:
  • a first trench is drilled vertically in the ground, the first trench having a first main face and a first lateral face which is orthogonal to the main face; then
  • a portion of soil is drilled vertically using the excavating machine according to the invention, the second guide flap bearing against the first main face and / or against the first lateral face of the first trench during drilling of the soil portion.

On comprend que le contact entre le deuxième volet de guidage et la première face principale et/ou contre la première face latérale de la première tranchée permet d'empêcher une déviation du châssis, notamment pendant le forage du merlon.It is understood that the contact between the second guide flap and the first main face and / or against the first lateral face of the first trench makes it possible to prevent a deflection of the frame, in particular during the drilling of the fence.

Avantageusement, après avoir foré la première tranchée et avant de forer la portion de sol, on fore verticalement une deuxième tranchée dans le sol, ladite deuxième tranchée étant séparée de la première tranchée par la portion de sol.Advantageously, after having drilled the first trench and before drilling the portion of soil, a second trench is drilled vertically in the ground, said second trench being separated from the first trench by the portion of soil.

De préférence, lors du forage vertical de la portion de sol, on utilise une machine d'excavation munie des premier et deuxième dispositifs de guidage, de façon à maintenir l'orientation du châssis par rapport aux faces des première et deuxième tranchées.Preferably, during vertical drilling of the soil portion, an excavation machine provided with the first and second guide devices is used, so as to maintain the orientation of the frame with respect to the faces of the first and second trenches.

De préférence, considérées dans un plan horizontal, les première et deuxième tranchées sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre.Preferably, considered in a horizontal plane, the first and second trenches are inclined with respect to one another.

Description des dessinsDescription of the drawings

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1 ] La figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une machine d'excavation selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 2 ] La figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'une machine d'excavation selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 3 ] La figure 3 est une vue de dessus de machine d'excavation de la figure 1 , les volets de guidage étant inclinés par rapport à la face principale du châssis ;
  • [Fig. 4 ] La figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'une machine d'excavation selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention où les dispositifs de guidage comportent plusieurs volets;
  • [Fig. 5A] La figure 5A illustre, en vue de dessus, une tranchée excavée dans le sol et une portion de sol à excaver ;
  • [Fig. 5B] La figure 5B illustre, en vue de dessus, le forage de la portion de sol de la figure 5A ;
  • [Fig. 6 A] La figure 6A illustre, en vue de dessus, des première et deuxième tranchées parallèles l'une à l'autre et séparées l'une de l'autre par un merlon ;
  • [Fig. 6B] La figure 6B illustre le forage du merlon de la figure 6A à l'aide de la machine selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 7A] La figure 7A illustre, en vue de dessus, des première et deuxième tranchées inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre et séparées l'une de l'autre par un merlon ;
  • [Fig. 7B] La figure 7B illustre le forage du merlon de la figure 7A à l'aide de la machine d'excavation selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 8 ] La figure 8 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une machine d'excavation de type fraise selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
  • [Fig. 9 ] La figure 9 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une machine d'excavation de type benne selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] The figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an excavating machine according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • [ Fig. 2 ] The figure 2 is a top view of an excavating machine according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • [ Fig. 3 ] The figure 3 is a top view of excavation machine from the figure 1 , the guide flaps being inclined relative to the main face of the frame;
  • [ Fig. 4 ] The figure 4 is a top view of an excavating machine according to a second embodiment of the invention where the guide devices comprise several flaps;
  • [ Fig. 5 A ] The figure 5 A illustrates, in top view, a trench excavated in the ground and a portion of soil to be excavated;
  • [ Fig. 5 B ] The figure 5 B illustrates, in top view, the drilling of the soil portion of the figure 5 A ;
  • [ Fig. 6 To the figure 6 A illustrates, in top view, first and second trenches parallel to each other and separated from each other by a fence;
  • [ Fig. 6 B ] The figure 6 B illustrates the drilling of the figure 6 A using the machine according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 7 A ] The figure 7 A illustrates, in top view, first and second trenches inclined relative to each other and separated from each other by a fence;
  • [ Fig. 7 B ] The figure 7 B illustrates the drilling of the figure 7 A using the excavation machine according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 8 ] The figure 8 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter-type excavating machine according to another embodiment of the invention; and
  • [ Fig. 9 ] The figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of a bucket-type excavating machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Description des modes de réalisationDescription of the embodiments

Nous allons à présent décrire plusieurs modes de réalisation d'une machine d'excavation 10 selon l'invention qui permet de réaliser des tranchées verticales dans un sol S. De façon connue, une telle machine d'excavation est utilisée dans le cadre de la fabrication de parois moulées dans le sol, ces parois se présentant sous une forme rectiligne, arquée ou bien circulaire.We will now describe several embodiments of an excavating machine 10 according to the invention which makes it possible to make vertical trenches in soil S. In a known manner, such an excavating machine is used in the context of construction. manufacture of diaphragm walls in the ground, these walls being in a rectilinear, arched or even circular form.

Cette machine d'excavation comporte un châssis 12 s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale A entre une partie d'extrémité inférieure 14 et une partie d'extrémité supérieure 16. Dans le repère (X,Y,Z) représenté sur les figures, on comprend que la direction longitudinale A s'étend selon l'axe Z. This excavating machine comprises a frame 12 extending in a longitudinal direction A between a lower end part 14 and an upper end part 16. In the reference mark (X, Y, Z) shown in the figures, there is understands that the longitudinal direction A extends along the Z axis.

Considéré dans un plan horizontal XY, on constate en figure 2 que le châssis comporte une longueur L, qui s'étend selon l'axe X, et une largeur I qui s'étend selon l'axe Y. Considered in a horizontal plane XY, one notes in figure 2 that the frame has a length L which extends along the X axis, and a width I which extends along the Y axis.

Le châssis 12 comporte un premier côté principal 20 qui s'étend dans le plan vertical XZ. Le châssis 12 comporte en outre un second côté principal 22 qui est opposé parallèle au côté principal 20. On comprend que la distance entre les premier et second côtés principaux 20,22 correspond à la largeur I.The frame 12 has a first main side 20 which extends in the vertical plane XZ. The frame 12 further comprises a second main side 22 which is opposite parallel to the main side 20. It is understood that the distance between the first and second main sides 20,22 corresponds to the width I.

Le châssis 12 comporte en outre un premier côté latéral 24 qui s'étend dans le plan vertical YZ. Le châssis comporte un second plan latéral 26 qui est opposé parallèle au premier côté latéral 24. The frame 12 further comprises a first lateral side 24 which extends in the vertical plane YZ. The frame has a second lateral plane 26 which is opposed parallel to the first lateral side 24.

La distance entre les premier et second côtés latéraux 24,26 correspond à la longueur L du châssis. Le châssis 12 présente également une hauteur H qui s'étend selon l'axe Z. The distance between the first and second lateral sides 24,26 corresponds to the length L of the frame. The frame 12 also has a height H which extends along the Z axis.

Comme on le comprend, les premier et second côtés principaux 20,22 et les premier et second côtés latéraux 24,26 s'étendent selon la direction longitudinale A du châssis 12. Par ailleurs, les premier et second côtés latéraux 24,26 sont transversaux, en particulier perpendiculaires aux premier et second côtés principaux 20,22. As will be understood, the first and second main sides 20,22 and the first and second lateral sides 24,26 extend in the longitudinal direction A of the frame 12. Furthermore, the first and second lateral sides 24,26 are transverse. , in particular perpendicular to the first and second main sides 20,22.

La machine d'excavation 10 comporte, par ailleurs, un dispositif d'excavation 30 qui est disposé sous la partie d'extrémité inférieure 14 du châssis 12. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'excavation 30 comporte deux tambours de coupe 32,34, connus par ailleurs, qui sont rotatifs autour d'axe de rotation C et D parallèles l'un à l'autre et perpendiculaires au premier côté principal 20 du châssis 12. Le dispositif d'excavation 30 comporte également des moteurs hydrauliques connus par ailleurs, qui, dans cet exemple, sont intégrés dans les tambours de coupe 32,34. The excavating machine 10 furthermore comprises an excavating device 30 which is arranged under the lower end part 14 of the frame 12. In this first embodiment, the excavating device 30 comprises two cutting drums. 32, 34, known elsewhere, which are rotatable about axes of rotation C and D parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first main side 20 of the frame 12. The excavating device 30 also comprises hydraulic motors known elsewhere, which, in this example, are integrated into the cutting drums 32,34.

La machine d'excavation 10 est suspendue à un câble de sustentation 9 qui est relié à la partie d'extrémité supérieure 16 du châssis 12. Le châssis 12 comporte par ailleurs des organes de guidage 42 qui s'étendent quant à eux selon le second côté principal 22. Le châssis 12 comporte par ailleurs des troisièmes organes de guidage 44 qui s'étendent selon le premier côté latéral 24 et des quatrièmes organes de guidage 46 qui s'étendent selon le second côté latéral 26. Ces organes de guidage 40,42,44,46 sont connus par ailleurs et ne seront pas décrits plus en détail ici.The excavating machine 10 is suspended from a lifting cable 9 which is connected to the upper end part 16 of the frame 12. The frame 12 furthermore comprises guide members 42 which in turn extend along the second. main side 22. The frame 12 also comprises third guide members 44 which extend along the first lateral side 24 and fourth guide members 46 which extend along the second lateral side 26. These guide members 40, 42,44,46 are known elsewhere and will not be described in more detail here.

Les premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième organes de guidage 40,42,44,46 servent à guider le déplacement vertical du châssis en prenant appui contre les faces de la tranchée.The first, second, third and fourth guide members 40,42,44,46 serve to guide the vertical movement of the frame by resting against the faces of the trench.

Conformément à l'invention, la machine d'excavation 10 comporte en outre un premier dispositif de guidage 50 dont la fonction est de guider le déplacement vertical du châssis, en prenant appui contre une paroi d'une tranchée adjacente.According to the invention, the excavating machine 10 further comprises a first guide device 50 , the function of which is to guide the vertical movement of the frame, by resting against a wall of an adjacent trench.

Le premier dispositif de guidage 50 comprend, dans cet exemple, un premier volet de guidage 52 qui est en saillie depuis le premier côté latéral 24 du châssis 12 vers l'extérieur du châssis.The first guide device 50 comprises, in this example, a first guide flap 52 which projects from the first lateral side 24 of the frame 12 towards the outside of the frame.

On constate que, considéré dans un plan horizontal XY perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale A du châssis 12, le premier volet de guidage 52 est incliné par rapport au premier côté latéral 24. L'angle d'inclinaison est référencé α1 sur les figures.It can be seen that, considered in a horizontal plane XY perpendicular to the longitudinal direction A of the frame 12, the first guide flap 52 is inclined with respect to the first lateral side 24. The inclination angle is referenced α1 in the figures.

Comme on le constate sur la figure 1 , l'angle α1 est égal à environ 90°, de sorte que le premier volet de guidage 52 est parallèle au premier côté principal 20 du châssis 12. As can be seen on the figure 1 , the angle α1 is equal to approximately 90 °, so that the first guide flap 52 is parallel to the first main side 20 of the frame 12.

Le premier volet de guidage 52 et le premier organe de guidage 40 sont coplanaires. Plus précisément, le premier volet de guidage 52 et le premier organe de guidage 40 présente des faces d'appui qui s'étendent dans un même plan.The first guide flap 52 and the first guide member 40 are coplanar. More precisely, the first guide flap 52 and the first guide member 40 have bearing faces which extend in the same plane.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 3 , l'angle d'inclinaison α1 entre le premier volet de guidage 52 et le premier côté latéral 24 est de l'ordre de 45°.In the example of figure 3 , the angle of inclination α1 between the first guide flap 52 and the first lateral side 24 is of the order of 45 °.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 4 , le premier volet de guidage 52 est monté au châssis 12 de façon pivotante autour d'un premier axe U1 qui est parallèle à la direction longitudinale A, autrement dit l'axe U1 s'étend selon l'axe Z du repère. Dans cette variante, l'angle d'inclinaison α1 entre le premier volet de guidage 52 et le premier côté latéral 24 qui est donc réglable par pivotement du premier axe U1. A cet effet, le premier dispositif de guidage 50 comprend en outre un premier dispositif de blocage 54 pour bloquer en rotation le premier volet de guidage 52 par rapport au premier côté latéral 24. Dans cet exemple, le premier dispositif de blocage 54 est constitué par un premier vérin 55, lequel a en outre pour fonction de faire pivoter le premier volet de guidage 52 par rapport au premier côté latéral 24. Ce premier vérin 55 peut être manuel ou actionné par des moyens électriques ou hydrauliques. L'amplitude de pivotement du premier volet de guidage 52 par rapport au premier côté latéral 24 est comprise entre 0°, position dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage 52 est rabattu contre le côté latéral 54, et environ 90°, position dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage 52 est parallèle au premier organe de guidage 40). De préférence, cette amplitude est entre 45° et 90°.In the example of figure 4 , the first guide flap 52 is mounted on the frame 12 in a pivoting manner about a first axis U1 which is parallel to the longitudinal direction A, in other words the axis U1 extends along the axis Z of the mark. In this variant, the angle of inclination α1 between the first guide flap 52 and the first lateral side 24 which is therefore adjustable by pivoting of the first axis U1 . To this end, the first guide device 50 further comprises a first blocking device 54 for blocking in rotation the first guide flap 52 relative to the first lateral side 24. In this example, the first blocking device 54 is constituted by a first cylinder 55, which also has the function of causing the first guide flap 52 to pivot relative to the first lateral side 24. This first cylinder 55 can be manual or actuated by electric or hydraulic means. The pivoting amplitude of the first guide flap 52 relative to the first lateral side 24 is between 0 °, the position in which the first guide flap 52 is folded back against the lateral side 54, and approximately 90 °, the position in which the first guide flap 52 is parallel to the first guide member 40). Preferably, this amplitude is between 45 ° and 90 °.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation des figures 1 à 4 , le premier volet de guidage 52 comporte une plaque 53, qui est plane et qui est parallèle à la direction longitudinale du châssis, autrement dit cette plaque 53 se trouve dans un plan vertical qui est soit parallèle au plan du premier côté principal ou incliné par rapport à ce dernier. En se référant à la figure 1 , on constate en outre que le premier volet de guidage 52 est disposé en partie d'extrémité inférieure 14 du châssis 12. In the example of the realization of figures 1 to 4 , the first guide flap 52 comprises a plate 53, which is planar and which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame, in other words this plate 53 is located in a vertical plane which is either parallel to the plane of the first principal side or inclined relative to the latter. With reference to the figure 1 , it is further noted that the first guide flap 52 is disposed in the lower end part 14 of the frame 12.

En se référant à nouveau à l'exemple de la figure 3 , on constate que le premier dispositif de guidage 50 comporte en outre un patin 51 disposé sur un bord latéral 52a du premier volet de guidage 52. Le patin 55 est prévu pour venir en appui sur une face latérale d'une tranchée. Dans les exemples de réalisations illustrées en figures 1 et 4 , le premier dispositif de guidage 50 comprend en outre un deuxième volet de guidage 56 qui est relié au premier volet de guidage 52 de sorte que le premier volet de guidage 52 est disposé entre le châssis 12 et le deuxième volet de guidage 56. Dans ces deux exemples, le deuxième volet de guidage 56 est juxtaposé au premier volet de guidage 52. Selon une variante, non illustrée ici, les premier et deuxième volets 52,26 peuvent être parallèles.Referring again to the example of the figure 3 , It is noted that the first guide device 50 further comprises a shoe 51 disposed on a lateral edge 52 a of the first guide flap 52. The pad 55 is provided to abut on a side face of a trench. In the examples of realizations illustrated in figures 1 and 4 , the first guide device 50 further comprises a second guide flap 56 which is connected to the first guide flap 52 so that the first guide flap 52 is disposed between the frame 12 and the second guide flap 56. In these two examples, the second guide flap 56 is juxtaposed with the first guide flap 52. According to a variant, not illustrated here, the first and second flaps 52, 26 may be parallel.

Dans les exemples des figures 1 et 4 , considérées selon un plan XY perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du châssis 12, le deuxième volet de guidage 56 est incliné d'un angle β1 par rapport au premier volet de guidage 52. Cet angle β1 est donc compris entre 0° et 180°. On comprend que lorsque l'angle β1 est égal à 180°, les premier et deuxième volets de guidage 52,56 sont parallèles l'un à l'autre.In the examples of figures 1 and 4 , considered along an XY plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame 12, the second guide flap 56 is inclined at an angle β1 relative to the first guide flap 52. This angle β1 is therefore between 0 ° and 180 °. It will be understood that when the angle β1 is equal to 180 °, the first and second guide flaps 52, 56 are parallel to one another.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 4 , le deuxième volet de guidage 56 est monté au premier volet de guidage 52 de façon pivotante autour d'un deuxième axe U2 qui est parallèle au premier axe U1. Le deuxième dispositif de guidage comprend un deuxième dispositif de blocage 58 pour bloquer en rotation le deuxième volet de guidage 56 par rapport au premier volet de guidage 52. In the embodiment of the figure 4 , the second guide flap 56 is mounted to the first guide flap 52 so as to pivot about a second axis U2 which is parallel to the first axis U1 . The second guide device comprises a second blocking device 58 for blocking the second guide flap 56 in rotation relative to the first guide flap 52.

Dans cet exemple, le deuxième volet de blocage 58 inclut un deuxième vérin 59, similaire au premier vérin 55, ce deuxième vérin 59 ayant également pour fonction de déplacer par pivotement le deuxième volet de guidage 56 par rapport au deuxième volet de guidage 52. Le deuxième vérin 59 permet donc d'orienter et de bloquer le deuxième volet de guidage 56 par rapport au deuxième volet de guidage 52. In this example, the second locking flap 58 includes a second ram 59, similar to the first ram 55, this second ram 59 also having the function of pivoting the second guide flap 56 relative to the second guide flap 52. The second cylinder 59 therefore makes it possible to orient and block the second guide flap 56 relative to the second guide flap 52.

Le deuxième volet de guidage 56 comporte une plaque 57, qui est plane, parallèle à la direction longitudinale du châssis. La plaque 57 se trouve également dans un plan vertical.The second guide flap 56 comprises a plate 57, which is planar, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame. The plate 57 is also in a vertical plane.

Le premier dispositif de guidage 50 comporte en outre un patin 61, similaire au patin 51 précédemment décrit, qui est disposé sur un bord latéral 56a du deuxième volet de guidage 56, le patin étant prévu pour venir en appui contre une face latérale d'une tranchée comme cela sera expliqué ci-dessous. Dans cet exemple, le patin s'étend verticalement et est emmanché au bord latéral 56a. The first guide device 50 further comprises a pad 61, similar to the pad 51 described above, which is disposed on a lateral edge 56 a of the second guide flap 56, the pad being designed to bear against a lateral face of a trench as will be explained below. In this example, the pad extends vertically and is fitted to the side edge 56 a.

Dans les modes de réalisations des figures 1 à 4 , la machine d'excavation comprend en outre un deuxième dispositif de guidage 60 qui comprend un troisième volet de guidage 62 en saillie par rapport au second latéral 26 du châssis 12. Le troisième volet de guidage est en saillie vers l'extérieur du châssis depuis la partie inférieure du châssis. Sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, le troisième volet de guidage 62 pourrait alternativement être en saillie depuis la partie supérieure 16 du châssis.In the embodiments of figures 1 to 4 , the excavating machine further comprises a second guide device 60 which comprises a third guide flap 62 projecting from the second side 26 of the frame 12. The third guide flap projects outwardly from the frame from the lower part of the chassis. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the third guide flap 62 could alternatively project from the upper part 16 of the frame.

Comme on le constate sur les figures 1 à 4 , la structure du deuxième dispositif de guidage 60 est similaire à celle du premier dispositif de guidage 50. Sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, le deuxième dispositif de guidage 60 pourrait présenter une forme ou un nombre de volets de guidage différents du premier dispositif de guidage 50. As can be seen on the figures 1 to 4 , the structure of the second guide device 60 is similar to that of the first guide device 50. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the second guide device 60 could have a shape or a number of guide flaps different from the first device. guide 50.

A l'instar du premier dispositif de guidage 50, le deuxième dispositif de guidage 60 est conformé de telle sorte que, considéré dans un plan XY perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale A du châssis 12, le troisième volet de guidage 62 est incliné d'un angle a2 par rapport au second latéral 26 du châssis 12. Like the first guide device 50, the second guide device 60 is shaped such that, considered in an XY plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction A of the frame 12, the third guide flap 62 is inclined by a angle a2 with respect to the second lateral 26 of the frame 12.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 2 , l'angle a2 est sensiblement égal à 90° de sorte que le troisième volet de guidage 62 est parallèle au côté principal du châssis 12, tout en étant parallèle au premier volet de guidage 52. Plus exactement, dans l'exemple de la figure 2 , les premier et deuxième volets de guidage 52,62 présentent des faces d'appui 52b et 62b qui sont coplanaires.In the example of figure 2 , the angle a2 is substantially equal to 90 ° so that the third guide flap 62 is parallel to the main side of the frame 12, while being parallel to the first guide flap 52. More exactly, in the example of figure 2 , The first and second guide vanes 52,62 have support faces 52 b and 62 b which are coplanar.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 3 , l'angle d'inclinaison a2 du troisième volet de guidage 62 par rapport au deuxième côté latéral 26 est de l'ordre de 45°, est similaire à l'angle α1. Là-encore, le troisième volet de guidage 62 est pivotant par rapport au châssis autour d'un axe de rotation U3 parallèle à l'axe de rotation U1, de sorte que l'angle d'inclinaison a2 est ajustable. Dans cet exemple est prévu un vérin 63, similaire au premier vérin 54 afin de régler d'inclinaison a2, et immobiliser le troisième volet de guidage 62 par rapport châssis 12. In the example of figure 3 , the angle of inclination a2 of the third guide flap 62 relative to the second lateral side 26 is of the order of 45 °, is similar to the angle α1 . Here again, the third guide flap 62 is pivotable relative to the frame about an axis of rotation U3 parallel to the axis of rotation U1, so that the angle of inclination a2 is adjustable. In this example, a jack 63 is provided, similar to the first jack 54 in order to adjust the inclination a2, and to immobilize the third guide flap 62 with respect to the frame 12.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 4 , le deuxième dispositif de guidage comporte en outre, un volet de guidage additionnel 64 qui montant et pivotant par rapport au troisième volet de guidage 62 autour d'un axe de rotation U4 qui parallèle à l'axe de rotation U3. L'angle d'inclinaison β2 entre le volet de guidage additionnel 64 et le troisième volet de guidage 62 est réglable grâce à un vérin 65 similaire au deuxième vérin 59 du premier dispositif de guidage 50. In the embodiment of the figure 4 , the second guide device further comprises an additional guide flap 64 which rises and pivots relative to the third guide flap 62 about an axis of rotation U4 which is parallel to the axis of rotation U3. The angle of inclination β2 between the additional guide flap 64 and the third guide flap 62 is adjustable by means of a jack 65 similar to the second jack 59 of the first guide device 50.

Dans cet exemple, le volet de guidage additionnel 64, qui s'étend dans un plan vertical, est également muni d'un patin 61. In this example, the additional guide flap 64, which extends in a vertical plane, is also provided with a shoe 61.

La figure 8 illustre un autre mode de réalisation de la machine d'excavation selon l'invention. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la machine d'excavation 10 comporte en outre un troisième dispositif de guidage 70 qui est muni d'un quatrième volet de guidage 72 qui est en saillie par rapport au premier côté latéral 24 du châssis 12 vers l'extérieur du châssis. Comme on le comprend à l'aide de la figure 10, dans cet exemple, les premier et quatrième volets de guidage 52,72 s'étendent essentiellement dans un même plan vertical.The figure 8 illustrates another embodiment of the excavating machine according to the invention. In this embodiment, the excavating machine 10 further comprises a third guide device 70 which is provided with a fourth guide flap 72 which projects from the first lateral side 24 of the frame 12 towards the outside. of the chassis. As can be understood with the aid of FIG. 10 , in this example, the first and fourth guide flaps 52, 72 extend essentially in the same vertical plane.

Par ailleurs, considéré dans un plan XY perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale A du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage 72 est incliné par rapport au premier côté latéral du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage est en saillie depuis la partie supérieure 16 du châssis. Dans cet exemple, le troisième dispositif de guidage 70 est similaire au premier dispositif de guidage 50, à ceci près qu'il est disposé en partie supérieure du châssis. Dans l'exemple de la figure 8 , la machine d'excavation 10 comporter en outre un quatrième dispositif de guidage 80, en saillie depuis la partie supérieure 16 du châssis, qui comporte un cinquième volet de guidage 82 qui est également en saillie par rapport au second côté latéral 26 du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis. Là-encore, considéré dans un plan XY perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale A du châssis, le cinquième volet de guidage 82 est incliné par rapport au second côté latéral 26 du châssis 12, le cinquième volet de guidage 82 étant en saillie depuis la partie supérieure du châssis.Moreover, considered in an XY plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction A of the frame, the fourth guide flap 72 is inclined relative to the first lateral side of the frame, the fourth guide flap protrudes from the upper part 16 of the frame. In this example, the third guide device 70 is similar to the first guide device 50, except that it is placed in the upper part of the frame. In the example of figure 8 , the excavating machine 10 further comprises a fourth guide device 80, protruding from the upper part 16 of the frame, which comprises a fifth guide flap 82 which is also protruding from the second lateral side 26 of the frame towards the outside of the chassis. Again, considered in an XY plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction A of the frame, the fifth guide flap 82 is inclined with respect to the second lateral side 26 of the frame 12, the fifth guide flap 82 projecting from the upper part. of the chassis.

On constate par ailleurs sur la figure 8 que les premier, quatrième et cinquième volets de guidage 72,82 s'étendent sensiblement dans le même plan vertical.We can also see on the figure 8 that the first, fourth and fifth guide flaps 72,82 extend substantially in the same vertical plane.

La figure 9 illustre une machine d'excavation 10 selon une variante de celle de la figure 1 . Dans la figure 9 , la machine d'excavation est une benne. Son dispositif d'excavation 30 comporte une paire de godets mobiles 31,33, connus par ailleurs.The figure 9 illustrates an excavation machine 10 according to a variant of that of the figure 1 . In the figure 9 , the excavating machine is a dumpster. Its excavation device 30 comprises a pair of mobile buckets 31,33, known elsewhere.

A l'aide des figures 5 à 7 , on va maintenant décrire plusieurs modes de mise en œuvre d'un procédé de forage dans un sol selon l'invention.Using the figures 5 to 7 , several modes of implementation of a method for drilling in a soil according to the invention will now be described.

Selon les figures 5 A, 5B, on a illustré un premier mode de mise en œuvre de forage dans un sol S. Sur ces deux figures on a illustré un sol S en vue de dessus. Selon le procédé, on fore verticalement dans le sol S une première tranchée 100 ayant une face principale 102 qui est verticale ainsi qu'une deuxième face principale 104 parallèle à la première face principale 102. La première tranchée 100 comporte en outre une seconde face latérale 108 qui est parallèle à la première face latérale 106 ; les première et seconde faces latérales 106,108 étant perpendiculaires aux première et seconde faces principales 102,104. According to figures 5 A , 5 B , there is illustrated a first embodiment of drilling in a soil S. In these two figures there is illustrated a soil S in top view. According to the method, a first trench 100 is drilled vertically in the ground S having a main face 102 which is vertical as well as a second main face 104 parallel to the first main face 102. The first trench 100 further comprises a second lateral face. 108 which is parallel to the first side face 106; the first and second side faces 106,108 being perpendicular to the first and second main faces 102,104.

Puis, dans une seconde étape, on fore verticalement dans le sol une portion de sol P à l'aide de la machine d'excavation de la figure 4 en ayant préalablement rabattu ou enlever le deuxième dispositif de guidage 60. Considérée selon l'axe X, la longueur q de la portion de sol P est très inférieure à la longueur LT de la tranchée 100. Then, in a second step, a portion of soil P is drilled vertically into the ground using the excavation machine of the figure 4 by having previously folded down or removed the second guide device 60. Considered along the X axis, the length q of the portion of soil P is much less than the length LT of the trench 100.

La machine d'excavation, dont le dispositif d'excavation est disposé en porte-à-faux sur la portion de sol P, est guidée lors de son déplacement vertical par le premier volet de guidage 52 qui vient en appui contre la première face principale 102 de la première tranchée 100. Par ailleurs le deuxième volet de guidage 56 vient en appui par son bord latéral 56a muni du patin 61 contre le premier côté latéral 106. Le dispositif de guidage 50, par l'intermédiaire des première et deuxième volets de guidage 52,56 permet d'éviter que la machine d'excavation 10 ne dévie selon la direction X pendant le forage de la portion P. En effet, dans la mesure où la surface, considérée dans un plan horizontal XY de portion de sol P est inférieure à la surface de coupe du dispositif d'excavation 30, la machine d'excavation 10 risquerait en l'absence du premier dispositif de guidage 50, de dévier selon la direction X. Autrement dit, le premier dispositif de guidage 50 permet de maintenir la machine d'excavation correctement orientée dans le sol afin de maintenir la direction de forage désirée.The excavating machine, the excavating device of which is disposed in cantilever on the portion of soil P, is guided during its vertical movement by the first guide flap 52 which bears against the first main face 102 of the first trench 100. Furthermore, the second guide flap 56 comes to rest via its lateral edge 56 fitted with the pad 61 against the first lateral side 106. The guide device 50, by means of the first and second flaps guide 52,56 makes it possible to prevent the excavating machine 10 from deviating in the direction X during the drilling of the portion P. Indeed, insofar as the surface, considered in a horizontal plane XY of the portion of soil P is less than the cutting surface of the excavator 30, the excavator 10 would risk in the absence of the first guide device 50, to deviate in the direction X. In other words, the first guide device 50 makes it possible to keep the excavating machine correctly oriented in the ground in order to maintain the desired drilling direction.

A l'aide des figures 6A et 6B , on va décrire une variante du mode de mise en œuvre des figures 5A et 5B précédemment décrites.Using the figures 6 A and 6 B , we will describe a variant of the mode of implementation of figures 5 A and 5 B previously described.

Selon le procédé de forage décrit en figures 6A et 6B , on fore verticalement une première tranchée 200 dans le sol S, la première tranchée ayant une première face principale 202, une seconde face principale 204 parallèle à la première face principale, une première face latérale 206 qui est orthogonale à la première face principale 202 et une seconde face latérale 208 qui est parallèle à la première face latérale 206. According to the drilling method described in figures 6 A and 6 B , a first trench 200 is drilled vertically in the soil S, the first trench having a first main face 202, a second main face 204 parallel to the first main face, a first lateral face 206 which is orthogonal to the first main face 202 and a second side face 208 which is parallel to the first side face 206.

Après avoir foré la première tranchée 200, et avant de forer la portion de sol P, on fore verticalement une deuxième tranchée 300 dans le sol, ladite deuxième tranchée 300 étant séparée de la première tranchée par la portion de sol P. Comme on le constate sur la figure 6 A, la première tranchée 200 et la deuxième tranchée 300 présentent des premières faces principales 202, 302, qui sont parallèles l'une de l'autre, de préférence coplanaires. La portion de sol P est généralement appelée merlon.After having drilled the first trench 200, and before drilling the soil portion P, a second trench 300 is drilled vertically in the soil, said second trench 300 being separated from the first trench by the soil portion P. As can be seen on the figure 6 A , the first trench 200 and the second trench 300 have first main faces 202, 302, which are parallel to each other, preferably coplanar. The portion of soil P is generally called a merlon.

On constate par ailleurs, considéré selon l'axe X, la longueur e de la portion de sol P est inférieure à la longueur LT des première et deuxième tranchées 200,300. It is also noted, considered along the X axis, the length e of the portion of soil P is less than the length LT of the first and second trenches 200,300.

La deuxième tranchée 300 comporte également des première et seconde faces principales 302, 304 et des première et seconde faces latérales 306,308. The second trench 300 also has first and second main faces 302, 304 and first and second side faces 306,308.

Sur la figure 6 B, on a illustré l'excavation de la portion P à l'aide de la machine d'excavation 10 selon la figure 4 . On the figure 6 B , there is illustrated the excavation of the portion P using the excavation machine 10 according to figure 4 .

La machine d'excavation 10 est descendue verticalement au droit de la portion de sol P à excaver. Comme on le constate sur la figure 6 B, la longueur L du châssis 12 de la machine d'excavation 10 est sensiblement plus grande que la longueur e de la portion de sol P. The excavation machine 10 is lowered vertically to the right of the portion of soil P to be excavated. As can be seen on the figure 6 B , the length L of the frame 12 of the excavating machine 10 is substantially greater than the length e of the soil portion P.

Pendant le forage de la portion de sol P, les premier et deuxième dispositifs de guidage 50,60 sont déployés de sorte que le premier volet de guidage 52 vient en appui contre la première face principale 202, le patin 61 du deuxième volet de guidage 56 vient en appui contre la première face latérale 206, le troisième volet de guidage 62 (du deuxième dispositif de guidage 60) vient en appui contre la première face principale 302 de la deuxième tranchée 300 tandis que le patin 61 du volet de guidage additionnel 64 du deuxième dispositif de guidage 60 vient en appui contre la deuxième face latérale 308 de la deuxième tranchée 300. During the drilling of the soil portion P, the first and second guide devices 50,60 are deployed so that the first guide flap 52 bears against the first main face 202, the shoe 61 of the second guide flap 56 bears against the first lateral face 206, the third guide flap 62 (of the second guide device 60) bears against the first main face 302 of the second trench 300 while the pad 61 of the additional guide flap 64 of the second guide device 60 bears against the second lateral face 308 of the second trench 300.

Cette conformation permet d'empêcher un déplacement intempestif de la machine d'excavation selon la direction X, grâce aux patins 59 qui prennent appui contre les faces latérales 206,308 des première et deuxième tranchées, et empêche également une rotation du châssis autour de l'axe Z grâce à l'appui des premier et troisième volets de guidage 52,62 contre les premières faces principales de première et deuxième tranchées.This conformation makes it possible to prevent an untimely movement of the excavating machine in the X direction, thanks to the pads 59 which bear against the side faces 206,308 of the first and second trenches, and also prevents rotation of the frame around the axis. Z thanks to the support of the first and third guide flaps 52, 62 against the first main faces of the first and second trenches.

Selon une variante non illustrée, le deuxième volet de guidage 56 peut également venir en appui contre la première face principale 202 de la première tranchée 200, de même le volet de guidage additionnel 64 pourrait venir en appui contre la première face principale 302 de la deuxième tranchée 300. According to a variant not shown, the second guide flap 56 can also come to bear against the first main face 202 of the first trench 200, likewise the additional guide flap 64 could come to bear against the first main face 302 of the second trench 300.

Le mode de mise en œuvre des figures 7A et 7B se distingue de celui des figures 6A et 6B par le fait que les première et deuxième tranchées sont, considérées dans le plan horizontal XY, inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre. Cela signifie notamment que les premières faces latérales 202,302 des première et deuxième tranchées 200,300 ne sont pas parallèles. La portion de sol P située entre les première et deuxième tranchées 200,300 présente une forme trapézoïdale. L'intérêt d'une telle disposition et de former un élément de paroi arqué.The mode of implementation of figures 7 A and 7 B differs from that of figures 6 A and 6 B in that the first and second trenches are, considered in the horizontal plane XY, inclined with respect to each other. This means in particular that the first side faces 202,302 of the first and second trenches 200,300 are not parallel. The portion of soil P located between the first and second trenches 200, 300 has a trapezoidal shape. The advantage of such an arrangement is to form an arched wall element.

Les premier et deuxième dispositifs de guidage 50,60 sont déployés de la même façon que dans le mode de réalisation illustré en figure 6 B, de sorte que les premier et troisième volets de guidage 52,62 viennent en appui contre les premières faces principales 202,302 des première et deuxième tranchées 200,300, tandis que les patins 59 des premier et deuxième dispositifs de guidage viennent en appui respectivement contre la première face latérale 206 de la première tranchée et la seconde face latérale 308 de la seconde tranchée.The first and second guide devices 50,60 are deployed in the same way as in the embodiment illustrated in figure 6 B , so that the first and third guide flaps 52,62 bear against the first main faces 202,302 of the first and second trenches 200,300, while the pads 59 of the first and second guide devices bear respectively against the first lateral face 206 of the first trench and the second lateral face 308 of the second trench.

Dans cette conformation, les angles d'inclinaison α1 et α2 des premier et troisième volets de guidage 52,62 par rapport aux premier et second cotés 24,26 du châssis 12 sont inférieurs à 90°. Comme expliqué ci-dessus, les angles d'inclinaison α1 et a2 sont ajustés en actionnant les vérins 54 et 63. In this configuration, the angles of inclination α1 and α2 of the first and third guide flaps 52,62 relative to the first and second sides 24,26 of the frame 12 are less than 90 °. As explained above, the angles of inclination α1 and a2 are adjusted by actuating the jacks 54 and 63.

Claims (21)

Machine d'excavation (10) pour réaliser une tranchée dans un sol comportant : un châssis (12) s'étendant selon une direction longitudinale (A) entre une partie d'extrémité inférieure (14) et une partie d'extrémité supérieure (16), le châssis (12) ayant un premier côté principal (20), un second côté principal opposé au premier côté principal, un premier côté latéral (24) et un second côté latéral (26) opposé au premier côté latéral, les premier et second côtés principaux (20,22) et les premier et second côtés latéraux (24,26) s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis (12), les premier et second côtés latéraux (24,26) étant transversaux aux premier et second côtés principaux (20,22) ; un dispositif d'excavation (30) disposé sous la partie d'extrémité inférieure (14) du châssis (12) ; caractérisée en ce que ladite machine d'excavation (10) comporte en outre au moins un premier dispositif de guidage (50) comprenant au moins un premier volet de guidage (52) en saillie depuis le premier côté latéral (24) du châssis vers l'extérieur du châssis, et dans laquelle, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis (12), le premier volet de guidage (52) est incliné par rapport au premier côté latéral (24). Excavation machine (10) for making a trench in soil comprising: a frame (12) extending in a longitudinal direction (A) between a lower end part (14) and an upper end part (16), the frame (12) having a first main side (20), a second major side opposite to the first major side, a first lateral side (24) and a second lateral side (26) opposite to the first lateral side, the first and second major sides (20,22) and the first and second lateral sides ( 24,26) extending in the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame (12), the first and second lateral sides (24,26) being transverse to the first and second main sides (20,22); an excavator (30) disposed under the lower end portion (14) of the frame (12); characterized in that said excavating machine (10) further comprises at least a first guide device (50) comprising at least a first guide flap (52) projecting from the first lateral side (24) of the frame towards the 'exterior of the frame, and in which, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame (12), the first guide flap (52) is inclined relative to the first lateral side (24). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage (52) est parallèle au premier côté principal (20) du châssis (12).An excavating machine according to claim 1, wherein the first guide flap (52) is parallel to the first major side (20) of the frame (12). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle au moins l'un des premier et second côtés principaux du châssis comprend un organe de guidage (40,42,44,46) agencé pour venir en appui contre une face principale de la tranchée, et dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage (52) et l'organe de guidage sont coplanaires.An excavating machine according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the first and second main sides of the frame comprises a guide member (40,42,44,46) arranged to bear against a main face of the trench , and in which the first guide flap (52) and the guide member are coplanar. Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage (52) est monté au châssis (12) de façon pivotante autour d'un premier axe (U1) parallèle à la direction longitudinale (A), le premier dispositif de guidage (50) comprenant en outre un premier dispositif de blocage (54) pour bloquer en rotation le premier volet de guidage (52) par rapport au premier côté latéral (24).An excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first guide flap (52) is mounted to the frame (12) pivotally about a first axis (U1) parallel to the longitudinal direction (A) , the first guide device (50) further comprising a first blocking device (54) for blocking in rotation the first guide flap (52) relative to the first lateral side (24). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 4, comprenant un premier vérin (55) pour faire pivoter le premier volet de guidage (52) par rapport au premier côté latéral (24).An excavating machine according to claim 4, comprising a first cylinder (55) for pivoting the first guide flap (52) relative to the first lateral side (24). Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage (52) comporte une plaque (53), de préférence plane, qui est parallèle à la direction longitudinale du châssis.An excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first guide flap (52) comprises a plate (53), preferably planar, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame. Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier volet de guidage (52) est disposé en partie d'extrémité inférieure (14) du châssis (12).An excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first guide flap (52) is disposed at the lower end portion (14) of the frame (12). Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier dispositif de guidage (50) comporte en outre un patin (51,61) disposé sur un bord latéral (52a) du premier volet de guidage (52), le patin (55) étant prévu pour venir en appui contre une face latérale d'une tranchée.An excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first guide device (50) further comprises a shoe (51,61) disposed on a side edge (52a) of the first guide flap (52), the shoe (55) being designed to bear against a lateral face of a trench. Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier dispositif de guidage (50) comprend en outre un deuxième volet de guidage (56) relié au premier volet de guidage (52) de sorte que le premier volet de guidage (52) est disposé entre le châssis (12) et le deuxième volet de guidage (56).An excavating machine according to any preceding claim, wherein the first guide device (50) further comprises a second guide flap (56) connected to the first guide flap (52) so that the first guide flap (52) guide (52) is disposed between the frame (12) and the second guide flap (56). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle, considéré selon un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis (12), le deuxième volet de guidage (56) est incliné par rapport au premier volet de guidage (52).Excavating machine according to Claim 9, in which, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame (12), the second guide flap (56) is inclined relative to the first guide flap (52) . Machine selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans laquelle le deuxième volet de guidage (56) est monté au premier volet de guidage (52) de façon pivotante autour d'un deuxième axe (U2) parallèle au premier axe (U1), le deuxième dispositif de guidage comprenant en outre un deuxième dispositif de blocage (58) pour bloquer en rotation le deuxième volet de guidage (56) par rapport au premier volet de guidage (52).Machine according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the second guide flap (56) is mounted to the first guide flap (52) pivotally about a second axis (U2) parallel to the first axis (U1), the second Guide device further comprising a second blocking device (58) for blocking in rotation the second guide flap (56) relative to the first guide flap (52). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 11, comprenant un deuxième vérin (59) pour faire pivoter le deuxième volet de guidage (56) par rapport au premier volet de guidage (52).An excavating machine according to claim 11, comprising a second cylinder (59) for pivoting the second guide flap (56) relative to the first guide flap (52). Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, dans laquelle le deuxième volet de guidage (56) comporte une plaque (57), de préférence plane, qui est parallèle la direction longitudinale du châssis.An excavating machine according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the second guide flap (56) comprises a plate (57), preferably planar, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame. Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, dans laquelle le premier dispositif de guidage (50) comporte en outre un patin (59) disposé sur un bord latéral (56a) du deuxième volet de guidage (56), le patin étant prévu pour venir en appui contre une face latérale d'une tranchée.An excavating machine according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the first guide device (50) further comprises a shoe (59) disposed on a side edge (56a) of the second guide flap (56), the shoe being designed to come to bear against a lateral face of a trench. Machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre un deuxième dispositif de guidage (60) comprenant au moins un troisième volet de guidage (62) en saillie par rapport au second côté latéral (26) du châssis (12) vers l'extérieur du châssis, et dans laquelle, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis (12), le troisième volet de guidage (62) est incliné par rapport au second côté latéral (26) du châssis (12).An excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a second guide device (60) comprising at least a third guide flap (62) projecting from the second lateral side (26) of the frame (12). ) towards the outside of the frame, and in which, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame (12), the third guide flap (62) is inclined with respect to the second lateral side (26) of the frame (12). Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 15, dans laquelle le troisième volet de guidage (62) est en saillie depuis la partie inférieure (14) du châssis.An excavating machine according to claim 15, wherein the third guide flap (62) projects from the lower portion (14) of the frame. Machine d'excavation selon la revendication 15 ou 16, comprenant en outre un troisième dispositif de guidage (70) muni d'un quatrième volet de guidage (72) en saillie par rapport au premier ou second côté latéral (24,26) du châssis (12) vers l'extérieur du châssis, et dans laquelle, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (A) du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage (72) est incliné par rapport au premier ou au second côté latéral du châssis, le quatrième volet de guidage étant en saillie depuis la partie supérieure du châssis.An excavating machine according to claim 15 or 16, further comprising a third guide device (70) provided with a fourth guide flap (72) projecting from the first or second lateral side (24,26) of the frame (12) towards the outside of the frame, and in which, considered in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (A) of the frame, the fourth guide flap (72) is inclined with respect to the first or to the second lateral side of the frame , the fourth guide flap projecting from the upper part of the frame. Procédé de forage dans un sol (S), dans lequel : on fore verticalement une première tranchée (100) dans le sol (S), la première tranchée ayant une première face principale qui est verticale ainsi qu'une première face latérale (104) qui est verticale et orthogonale à la première face principale (102) ; puis on fore verticalement dans le sol une portion de sol (P) à l'aide de la machine d'excavation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le premier volet de guidage (52) venant en appui contre la première face principale (102) de la première tranchée pendant le forage de la portion de sol. Method of drilling in soil (S), in which: a first trench (100) is drilled vertically in the ground (S), the first trench having a first main face which is vertical and a first lateral face (104) which is vertical and orthogonal to the first main face (102) ; then a portion of soil (P) is drilled vertically into the ground using the excavating machine according to any one of the preceding claims, the first guide flap (52) bearing against the first main face (102 ) of the first trench while drilling the soil portion. Procédé de forage dans un sol, dans lequel : on fore verticalement une première tranchée (200) dans le sol (S), la première tranchée ayant une première face principale (202) et une première face latérale (206) qui est orthogonale à la première face principale ; puis on fore verticalement une portion de sol (P) à l'aide de la machine d'excavation selon la revendication 9 et l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17, le deuxième volet de guidage (56) venant en appui contre la face principale et/ou contre la première face latérale (106) de la première tranchée pendant le forage de la portion de sol. A method of drilling in soil, in which: a first trench (200) is drilled vertically in the ground (S), the first trench having a first main face (202) and a first lateral face (206) which is orthogonal to the first main face; then a portion of soil (P) is drilled vertically using the excavating machine according to claim 9 and any one of claims 10 to 17, the second guide flap (56) bearing against the main face and or against the first lateral face (106) of the first trench during the drilling of the portion of soil. Procédé de forage selon la revendication 18 ou 19, dans lequel après avoir foré la première tranchée (200) et avant de forer la portion de sol (P), on fore verticalement une deuxième tranchée (300) dans le sol, ladite deuxième tranchée (300) étant séparée de la première tranchée par la portion de sol (P).A drilling method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein after having drilled the first trench (200) and before drilling the soil portion (P), a second trench (300) is vertically drilled in the soil, said second trench ( 300) being separated from the first trench by the soil portion (P). Procédé de forage selon la revendication 20, dans lequel, considérées dans un plan horizontal, les première et deuxième tranchées (200,300) sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre.A method of drilling according to claim 20, wherein, viewed in a horizontal plane, the first and second trenches (200,300) are inclined relative to each other.
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EP1847653A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-24 CASAGRANDE SpA Apparatus for accessibility to drive means
EP2378002A1 (en) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-19 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Machining device for producing vertical slits in the ground
WO2014199078A1 (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-12-18 Soletanche Freyssinet Method and facility for manufacturing a continuous wall in the ground
WO2017042499A2 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Soletanche Freyssinet Drilling machine equipped with an anchoring device allowing the horizontal movement of the drilling module in the anchored position
EP3366844A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-08-29 SOILMEC S.p.A. Measuring device of an excavation site

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3872267B1 (en) 2023-08-30
FR3107537A1 (en) 2021-08-27
FR3107537B1 (en) 2022-04-08
US20210262192A1 (en) 2021-08-26

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