EP3872196A1 - Système de traitement thermique local et procédé de formation de froid utilisant celui-ci - Google Patents

Système de traitement thermique local et procédé de formation de froid utilisant celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3872196A1
EP3872196A1 EP19891130.7A EP19891130A EP3872196A1 EP 3872196 A1 EP3872196 A1 EP 3872196A1 EP 19891130 A EP19891130 A EP 19891130A EP 3872196 A1 EP3872196 A1 EP 3872196A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
blank material
local
treatment system
heat treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19891130.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3872196A4 (fr
Inventor
Youn-Hee Kang
Chang Ho Moon
Ki Soo Kim
Jong Youn Park
Gil-Ho Song
Eun-Ho Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Posco Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Posco Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Posco Co Ltd filed Critical Posco Co Ltd
Publication of EP3872196A1 publication Critical patent/EP3872196A1/fr
Publication of EP3872196A4 publication Critical patent/EP3872196A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/008—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves combined with heating or cooling of the bends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a local heat treatment system and a cold forming method using the same, and more particularly, to a local heat treatment system and a cold forming method using the same capable of improving the formability of an ultra-high tensile steel sheet and minimizing the springback phenomenon.
  • weight reduction of automobiles is effective for improving automobile fuel economy, and thus, the use of a high-tensile steel sheet, which is a material having a high specific strength, is increasing in recent years.
  • the strength of such a high-tensile steel sheet is improving, and in recent years, an ultra-high tensile steel sheet having a tensile strength of 1 GPa or more has also been developed.
  • the ultra-high tensile steel sheet has a high strength, press molding of the ultra-high tensile steel sheet is not easy, so that it is easy to cause seizing due to increased molding load and increased mold wear, and the springback at which the molded shape returns is large, and thus the shape fixability is deteriorated.
  • the ultra-high tensile steel sheet has a low ductility and tends to crack when a tensile stress is applied during molding.
  • the present disclosure is directed to providing a local heat treatment system and a cold forming method using the same capable of improving formability by locally heating a part to be plastically deformed through an external heat source and then cooling the part to adjust physical properties.
  • the present disclosure is directed to providing a local heat treatment system and a cold forming method using the same capable of improving productivity as well as reducing springback by cold forming a material whose physical properties are adjusted.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure provides a local heat treatment system including a heating device configured to locally heat only a plastic deformation occurrence portion of a blank material to a predetermined temperature, a moving device configured to move the heating device to a position of a local heating region of the blank material, and a controller configured to control the heating device and the moving device.
  • the heating device may include a housing coupled to the moving device, a heat source coupled to the housing to emit near-infrared rays, and a reflector provided in the housing to condense light into the local heating region by reflecting the near-infrared rays generated by the heat source.
  • the moving device may include a rotating joint coupled to the heating device, and a plurality of moving members coupled to the rotating joint to move the heating device in three axes (x, y, and z) directions.
  • the plurality of moving members may include a first moving member coupled to the rotating joint to move the heating device in a direction in which the blank material is disposed, a second moving member coupled to the first moving member to move the first moving member in a vertical direction, and a third moving member coupled to the second moving member to move the second moving member in a horizontal direction.
  • the moving device and the heating device may be provided as one sub-assembly, a plurality of the sub-assemblies may be provided to locally heat the blank material on one side and the other side of the blank material, respectively, and the sub-assemblies may be independently controlled by the controller.
  • the controller may control the moving device and the heating device by setting a local heating position, a heating temperature, and a heating time in consideration of a strain and stress depending on a shape to be molded in a forming process of the blank material.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a cold forming method using the local heat treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which includes (a) operating the moving device so that the heating device is located in the local heating region, which is the plastic deformation occurrence portion, when the blank material is introduced into the local heat treatment system, (b) locally adjusting the physical properties of the blank material by heating and then cooling the plastic deformation occurrence portion of the blank material through the heating device to a predetermined temperature when the heating device is located in the local heating region, and (c) performing cold forming after moving the blank material whose physical properties is adjusted to a mold.
  • the controller of the local heat treatment system may control the moving device and the heating device by setting a local heating position, a heating temperature, and a heating time in consideration of a strain and stress depending on a shape to be molded in a forming process of the blank material.
  • a local heat treatment system and a cold forming method using the same can improve formability of a material by selectively heating the material locally using an external heat source and then cooling the material to adjust physical properties thereof.
  • a molding load can be reduced, so that the wear of the mold can be minimized during cold forming and springback phenomenon can be minimized after the cold forming.
  • productivity and quality can be improved, as well as energy cost can be reduced.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • sensing technology the process can be easily and quickly performed when the material is locally heated, thereby improving productivity, and the local heat treatment system can be conveniently applied even when the material has a complex molding shape
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically illustrating a local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is in operation
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing in detail a moving device of the local heat treatment system shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing a heating device provided in the local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing irradiation of a heat source depending on a shape of a reflector provided in the heating device shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a local heat treatment system 1 includes a heating device 100 to heat only a part in which plastic deformation of a blank material 10 is generated, a moving device 200 to move the heating device 100 to a position of a local heating region of the blank material 10, and a controller 300 to control the heating device 100 and the moving device 200.
  • the blank material 10 is a difficult-to-form material having a tensile strength of 1 GPa or more, which is an ultra-high tensile steel material that is cut to have a predetermined length in order to form a product through cold forming according to the present disclosure. Because a region in which an actual plastic deformation is generated in a process of producing the blank material 10 as a product is local, formability of the blank material 10 may be improved by applying heat only to a region in which plastic deformation is generated using a separate external heat source. That is, in order to improve the formability of the material, it is important to focus a location where heat is applied to only a local region in which the plastic deformation of the blank material 10 is generated.
  • the heating device 100 is used as an external heat source, and a temperature of a local region in which plastic deformation is generated is increased by using a linear near-infrared heater, so that the bending properties of a difficult-to-form material may be improved, thereby molding the material into a precise shape.
  • the heating device 100 includes a heat source 110 and a reflector 120.
  • the heat source 110 may be provided as a lamp that generates near-infrared rays.
  • the heat source 110 is an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 700 to 1300 nm and is generated outside of a visible red light. Because 90% or more of the heat source 110 is radiant heat, the efficiency of the heat source 110 may be high (85% to 90% efficiency). Because the heat source 110 is near-infrared rays and thus does not burn air, the heat source 110 which is non-toxic, smokeless, odorless, and noiseless may be used indoors. The heat source 110 is very convenient to use because it only takes about 0.1 seconds to reach a maximum output.
  • the reflector 120 serves to reflect near-infrared rays generated from the heat source and condense light into the local heating region.
  • the reflector 120 may linearly adjust a region to which near-infrared rays are irradiated according to a shape.
  • FIG. 5A shows the reflector 120 formed in an elliptical shape
  • FIG. 5B shows the reflector 120 formed in a parabolic shape.
  • near-infrared rays generated from the heat source 110 are reflected and condensed to one point to be linearly irradiated to the blank material 10.
  • the parabolic reflector 120 near-infrared rays generated from the heat source 110 are parallelized to be irradiated onto a predetermined region of the blank material 10. That is, depending on a plastic deformation region of the blank material 10, the reflector 120 suitable for that region may be applied to be locally heated.
  • reflectors of various shapes may be provided to be utilized according to respective characteristics thereof. Therefore, depending on the purpose, the shape of the reflector 120 may be modified and used.
  • the blank material 10 may be locally heated from one direction.
  • the heating device 100 may further include a housing 130.
  • the housing 130 serves to protect the heat source 110 and the reflector 120 from external impacts and prevent energy loss through heat insulation.
  • the housing 130 is provided such that the heat source 110 and the reflector 120 are coupled, and a part of the housing 130 has an open shape so that near-infrared rays generated from the heat source 110 are irradiated in one direction through the reflector 120.
  • the housing 130 may be coupled to the moving device 200, which will be described later.
  • the moving device 200 serves to move the heating device 100 to a surface of a region of the blank material 10 to be plastically deformed, by being combined with the heating device 100.
  • the moving device 200 includes a rotating joint 213 coupled to the heating device 100 and a plurality of moving members 210, 220, and 230 to move the heating device 100 in three axial directions.
  • the rotating joint 213 is coupled to the housing 130 of the heating device 100 to adjust an angle of the heating device 100. That is, the rotating joint 213 serves to adjust the angle of the heating device 100 so that near-infrared rays may be smoothly condensed on the surface of the local heating region of the blank material 10.
  • the structure of the rotating joint 213 is a generally well-known technique, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the plurality of moving members 210, 220, and 230 is composed of the first moving member 210, the second moving member 220, and the third moving member 230 in order to move the heating device 100 in three axial directions, that is, in x, y, and z-axis directions.
  • the third moving member 230 may be provided to move in the x-axis direction
  • the second moving member 220 may be provided to move in the y-axis direction
  • the first moving member 210 may be provided to move in the z-axis direction.
  • the first moving member 210 is coupled to the rotating joint 213 to move the heating device 100 in a direction in which the blank material 10 is disposed, that is, in the z-axis direction.
  • the first moving member 210 may be provided with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder to move in one direction.
  • the second moving member 220 is coupled with the first moving member 210 to move the first moving member 210 in a vertical direction, that is, in the y-axis direction. Because the first moving member 210 is coupled to the heating device 100, the heating device 100 is moved together when the first moving member 210 moves.
  • the second moving member 220 may be provided with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder to move in one direction.
  • the third moving member 230 is coupled with the second moving member 220 to move the second moving member 220 in a horizontal direction, that is, in the x-axis direction. Because the second moving member 220 coupled to the first moving member 210, the first moving member 210 is moved together when the second moving member 220 moves.
  • the third moving member 230 may have a coupling structure of rack and pinion gears that receive a rotational force of a motor 232 and convert the rotational force into a linear motion.
  • the present embodiment illustrates that the first and second moving members 210 and 220 have a cylinder structure and the third moving member 230 has a gear coupling structure that converts a rotational motion into a linear motion, but the present disclosure Is not limited thereto, and the moving members may have various structures as long as the heating device 100 may be moved in three axial directions.
  • the local heat treatment system 1 may be configured such that the moving device 200 and the heating device 100 form one sub-assembly, and a plurality of the sub-assemblies may be provided to locally heat the blank material 10 at required positions on one side and the other side of the blank material 10, respectively.
  • the plurality of sub-assemblies may be independently controlled by the controller 300.
  • the controller 300 may control independently the plurality of sub-assemblies as described above, respectively, as well as control the heating device 100 and the moving device 200, respectively.
  • the controller 300 may be combined with artificial intelligence (AI) and sensing technology to more efficiently control each of the sub-assemblies.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the controller 300 may measure a strain and stress during the molding process, which are the molding characteristics of an object to be molded before the blank material 10 is locally heated and may optimize a local heating position, a heating temperature, a heating time, and the like in consideration of a molding shape, a process time, and the like.
  • the controller 300 may control the moving device 200 and the heating device 100 by setting the local heating position, the heating temperature, and the heating time based on measurement data obtained by measuring the object to be molded. Accordingly, when the blank material 10 is located in the local heat treatment system 1, the moving device 200 is operated to quickly and easily move the heating device 100 to an optimized point, and the heating device 100 heats the heating position by time and at a constant temperature. Therefore, the local heat treatment system 1 may be conveniently applied even when the object to be molded has a complex molding shape, and at the same time may be applied to various shapes.
  • the cold forming method of the present disclosure largely includes a process of locally heating and then cooling a plastic deformation generating part of the blank material 10 through the local heat treatment system 1, and a process of positioning the locally heated blank material 10 into a mold and then molding the blank material 10.
  • the moving device 200 is operated such that the heating device 100 is located in a local heating region, which is a region in which plastic deformation is generated. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 , when the heating device 100 is located in the local heating region, the plastic deformation generating part of the blank material 10 is heated to a predetermined temperature through the heating device 100.
  • the locally heated blank material 10 goes through a cooling process so that physical properties of the material are adjusted and then is provided for a cold forming process. That is, by adjusting the physical properties of the blank material 10 in advance prior to the cold forming process, a forming process time may be shortened compared to a conventional process of performing warm forming after heating a material in a warm forming process.
  • the heating device 100 and the moving device 200 may be controlled by the controller 300 to locally heat the blank material 10.
  • the controller 300 independently controls the plurality of heating devices 100 and moving devices 200, respectively.
  • the controller 300 may control the moving device 200 and the heating device 100 by setting a local heating position, a heating temperature, and a heating time in consideration of the strain and stress depending on a shape to be molded during the molding process of the blank material 10.
  • the controller 300 may be combined with artificial intelligence (AI) and sensing technology to more efficiently control the moving device 200 and the heating device 100. That is, the controller 300 may measure a strain and stress during the molding process, which are the molding characteristics of an object to be molded before the blank material 10 is locally heated and may optimize a local heating position, a heating temperature, a heating time, and the like in consideration of a molding shape, a process time, and the like. Accordingly, the controller 300 may control the moving device 200 and the heating device 100 by setting the local heating position, the heating temperature, and the heating time based on measurement data obtained by measuring the object to be molded. Therefore, when the blank material 10 is located in the local heat treatment system 1, the moving device 200 is operated to quickly and easily move the heating device 100 to an optimized point, and the heating device 100 heats the heating position by time and at a constant temperature.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the blank material 10 introduced into the local heat treatment system 1 may be fixed at a predetermined position through a separate holder (not shown). That is, the blank material 10 may be supported by the holder so as not to interfere with a part heated through the heating device 100.
  • the blank material 10 locally heated through the local heat treatment system 1 is provided in a state in which the physical properties of the material are adjusted by being cooled.
  • the blank material 10 whose physical properties are adjusted is molded to have a required shape through cold forming.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 550 °C and then V-shaped bending molding is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 850°C and then V-shaped bending molding is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 950°C and then V-shaped bending molding is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.2 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 400°C and then asymmetric molding is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.2 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 800°C and then asymmetric molding is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and a part to be plastically deformed is locally heated to 800°C and then molding of an actual part is performed.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and V-shaped bending molding is performed without local heating.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.2 GPa, and asymmetric molding is performed without local heating.
  • a blank material is prepared as an ultra-high tensile steel having a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa, and molding of an actual part is performed without local heating.
  • FIG. 6 is a view taken to compare a state of V-bending molding of a material whose physical properties are adjusted by the local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a state of V-bending molding of a conventional material.
  • FIG. 6A shows a state in which V-bending molding is performed through Comparative example 1
  • FIG. 6B shows a state in which V-bending molding is performed through Embodiments 1 to 3. That is, as shown in the drawing, in the case of Comparative example 1, it may be confirmed that a crack occurred in the plastically deformed part. In contrast, in the case of Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present disclosure, because the physical properties were adjusted by locally heating a part to be plastically deformed, the part was smoothly molded without cracking.
  • FIG. 7 is a view taken to compare a material whose physical properties are adjusted by the local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a conventional material that is asymmetrically molded.
  • FIG. 7A shows a state in which asymmetric molding is performed through Comparative example 2
  • FIG. 7B shows a state in which asymmetric molding is performed through Embodiment 4. That is, as shown in the drawing, in the case of Comparative example 2, it may be confirmed that a 25° springback phenomenon occurred after asymmetric molding. In contrast, in the case of Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure, because the physical properties were adjusted by locally heating a part to be plastically deformed, no cracking occurred, and a 7° springback phenomenon occurred. That is, it may be seen that the springback is significantly reduced compared to the prior art.
  • FIG. 8 is a view taken to compare an actual part whose physical properties are adjusted by the local heat treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a conventional actual part that is molded.
  • FIG. 8A shows a state in which an actual part is molded through Comparative example 3
  • FIG. 8B shows a state in which an actual part is molded through Embodiment 6. That is, as shown in the drawing, in the case of Comparative example 3, it may be confirmed that cracks and fractures occurred in the plastically deformed part. In contrast, in the case of Embodiment 6 of the present disclosure, because the physical properties were adjusted by locally heating a part to be plastically deformed, the part was molded without cracks and fractures.
  • the physical properties were adjusted by not wholly heating a portion where the actual part is plastically deformed, but by locally heating opposite ends, that is, portions where cracks and fractures occurred during plastic deformation of the existing real part, and then cooling the portions.
  • This is determined by the data values obtained by measuring a strain and stress during the molding process in consideration of the molding characteristics of an object to be molded. Therefore, because all parts to be plastically deformed may be prevented from being unnecessarily locally heated, not only may the waste of energy be more effectively reduced, but also productivity may be improved.
  • an optimized heating position may be set, and a heating time and a heating temperature may be provided. That is, the local heat treatment system 1 capable of improving formability and minimizing the springback phenomenon, and the cold forming method through the same may be provided, and a molded part with improved quality may be provided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
EP19891130.7A 2018-11-29 2019-08-08 Système de traitement thermique local et procédé de formation de froid utilisant celui-ci Withdrawn EP3872196A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020180151020A KR20200064661A (ko) 2018-11-29 2018-11-29 국부 열처리 시스템 및 이를 이용한 냉간 성형 방법
PCT/KR2019/009979 WO2020111442A1 (fr) 2018-11-29 2019-08-08 Système de traitement thermique local et procédé de formation de froid utilisant celui-ci

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EP3872196A1 true EP3872196A1 (fr) 2021-09-01
EP3872196A4 EP3872196A4 (fr) 2022-03-16

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US (1) US20220016683A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3872196A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022510869A (fr)
KR (1) KR20200064661A (fr)
CN (1) CN113166825A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020111442A1 (fr)

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CN112676386B (zh) * 2020-12-23 2022-11-04 安徽骄阳软门有限责任公司 一种门帘生产用软磁铁压送矫直装置

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Publication number Publication date
US20220016683A1 (en) 2022-01-20
WO2020111442A1 (fr) 2020-06-04
EP3872196A4 (fr) 2022-03-16
KR20200064661A (ko) 2020-06-08
CN113166825A (zh) 2021-07-23
JP2022510869A (ja) 2022-01-28

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