EP3868955B1 - Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne - Google Patents
Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3868955B1 EP3868955B1 EP20158127.9A EP20158127A EP3868955B1 EP 3868955 B1 EP3868955 B1 EP 3868955B1 EP 20158127 A EP20158127 A EP 20158127A EP 3868955 B1 EP3868955 B1 EP 3868955B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- infill
- layer
- olive
- turf
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 title claims description 78
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009732 tufting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 synthetic materials Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001748 carbonate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediol Chemical compound OCO CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010006784 Burning sensation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002209 Crumb rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037078 sports performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to organic infill systems and artificial turf fields having the same. More particularly, the embodiments relate to organic infill systems comprising olive pit particles and artificial turf fields comprising such infill systems.
- an artificial turf system having the features of claim 1.
- Infill 105 refers to material that is deposited over the turf backing 120 and forms a layer around the turf fibers 125. Infill 105 is interspersed between the turf fibers 125 rising out of the turf backing 120. Infill 105 generally has a depth that covers a portion of the turf fibers 125 (unexposed portion of the turf fiber) leaving part of the turf fibers 125 extending above the infill 105 (exposed portion of the turf fiber). Infill 105 helps support the turf fibers 125 in an upright position and is used to provide traction and shock absorption.
- the turf fibers 125 are preferably synthetic fibers or man-made fibers.
- the turf fibers 125 can be made of materials comprising polyethylene (“PE”), polypropylene (“PP”), polyamide (“PA”), other types of polymers, or a combination thereof.
- the fibers 125 can be monofilament fibers, slit film fibers, fibrillated fibers, texturized fibers, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, however, naturally occurring fibers, grass, vegetation, or plants may also be used, either alone or in combination with the synthetic fibers.
- the turf backing 120 can be made of woven or non-woven sheet material and one or more of sheets of such material. The turf backing 120 can be porous or permeable to provide water drainage.
- Woven or non-woven sheet material may be polypropylene, polyesters, or other synthetic materials.
- the pile height H of the artificial turf should have a measurement between about 15 mm and about 70 mm.
- the pile height H refers to the distance measured from the bottom surface of the turf backing 120 (the surface to be contacted by the ground or other installation surface) to the tip of the fibers 125.
- Other heights of the fibers and pile are also contemplated depending on the height of the infill and thickness of the turf backing.
- the fibers 125 can be attached to the turf backing 120 by tufting, weaving (pile weave, flat weave, etc.), knitting, needle punching, fusion bonding and flocking, heating, pressurizing, adhering (e.g., using adhesive or other binder), or a combination thereof.
- the fibers 125 and the backing 120 can be held together only at the locations where they contact, e.g., applying adhesive to only locations where they are tufted, creating rows of adhesive and the areas in between are without adhesive.
- the system formed by the infill 105, turf backing 120, and fibers 125 may be referred to as the artificial turf system 100.
- the artificial turf system 100 may further include a pad that is positioned under the turf backing 120 to provide additional shock absorption.
- An artificial turf field comprises one or more artificial turf systems 100.
- the infill 105 has a height G between about 2 mm and about 30 mm and a weight between about 1 kg per square meter and about 15 kg per square meter of olive pit particles. In other words, in a square meter of infill, the total weight of olive pit particles in that area is between about 1 kg per square meter and about 15 kg per square meter.
- the infill 105 may contain olive pit particles only (e.g., Fig. 1 ) or a combination of olive pit particles and other infill materials such as sand (e.g., Figs. 2-3 ), whether they are intermixed or deposited in separate layers.
- the total weight of the infill equals the total weight of the olive pit particles, which is about 1 kg per square meter and about 15 kg per square meter.
- the total weight of the infill is different or larger than the total weight of the olive pit particles.
- the total weight of the infill 105 may be between about 3 kg per square meter and about 21 kg per square meter, if the total weight of the olive pit particles is between about 1 kg per square meter and about 15 kg per square meter and the total weight of the other infill material is between about 2 kg per square meter and about 6 kg per square meter.
- Other heights and weights of the infill and/or olive pit particles are also contemplated depending on the height of the fibers and thickness of the turf backing.
- the infill 105 comprises at least one layer of particles comprising olive pit particles (e.g., Figs. 2-3 ).
- the olive pit particles include olive pit particles that have a sieve size of between 8 and 50 (0.3 mm - 2.36 mm), or preferably between 10 and 35 (0.5 mm - 2.0 mm).
- the olive pit particles that have a sieve size of between 8 and 50, or preferably between 10 and 35, are at least 1% by weight of the olive pit particles.
- the olive pit particles of such sieve sizes are at least 1% and no more than 10% by weight of the olive pit particles (or between about 1% and about 10%). More preferably, the olive pit particles of such sieve sizes are at least 1% and no more than 5% by weight of the olive pit particles (or between about 1 % and about 5%).
- the olive pit particles described in this application are preferably raw or untreated crushed olive pits.
- the preferred olive pit particles are naturally occurring olive pit particles or such particles that have not been treated with antimicrobial additives (whether it is chemical, artificial, organic, natural, non-toxic, or non-irritating antimicrobial additives).
- Antimicrobial additives may be agents used to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, mold, or other microorganisms and animals (e.g., to prevent decomposition, contamination, etc.), and/or to strengthen the mechanical properties of the materials or components being treated (e.g., can withstand larger amount of ultraviolet, larger amount of friction before they breaks, etc.).
- the other layers or materials and components (e.g., turf fibers, turf backing, and infill) of the artificial turf system are also not treated with antimicrobial additives.
- the infill whether internally or externally, is not treated with antimicrobial additives.
- Olive pit particles are particles produced by applying mechanical force to raw or naturally occurring olive pits to break or crush the pits into smaller pieces of particles (e.g., using a grinder, granulator, or cracker mill).
- raw or untreated olive pits (not crushed) may also be used.
- Olive pit and olive stone are used interchangeably in this application to refer to the same component.
- An olive pit or olive stone refers to a seed of an olive before it is crushed or an uncrushed seed.
- Olive pit particles refer to particles resulting from crushing the pit, stone, or seed.
- the olive pit particles, infill systems, or artificial turf systems are used or implemented without water or adding water to the particles or systems.
- the olive pit particles, infill systems, or artificial turf systems are dry, either completely dry (e.g., 0% of water, vapor, or moisture) or dry enough such that the amount of water, vapor, or moisture in these particles or systems are negligible or cannot be sensed or felt when a person with ordinary skill in the art touches the particles or systems.
- Water-retaining particles either particles containing only water or partially water (e.g., a percentage of water and another percentage of a different liquid, solid, or other material) are also not necessary (e.g., not added into the infill or artificial turf system or not used in crushing the olive pits).
- the infill may comprise extruded composite (e.g., thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic rubbers, mineral composite, or a combination thereof), cork, rubber (e.g., Styrene-butadiene rubber or SBR, or Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber or EPDM rubber), other organic materials, or a combination thereof.
- TPE thermoplastic elastomer
- SBR Styrene-butadiene rubber
- EPDM rubber Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber
- Mineral composite preferably includes carbonate mineral, carbonite mineral, or both.
- the different materials may be used as separated layers in the infill or intermixed to form the infill (one intermixed layer that makes up the entire infill).
- the infill may be prepared with or without rubber.
- the infill When the infill is prepared without rubber, the infill is devoid of rubber, crumb rubber, rubber materials, or other similar materials (collectively referred to as rubber materials).
- the olive pit particles are used to replace rubber materials.
- Infill that is substantially devoid rubber materials) is also contemplated. For example, 65% or higher or 75% or higher by weight of the infill is not rubber materials.
- Infill that is primarily devoid of rubber materials is also contemplated. For example, 50% or higher by weight of the infill is not rubber materials.
- Rubber materials or the layer comprising rubber materials is directed to provide shock absorption. Depending on the amount of rubber materials used, these materials or layer may be substantially, primarily, or the only materials or layer that provides the function of shock absorption.
- the olive pit particles based on the aforementioned sieve sizes and weight percentages may also be used in combination with the materials stated in this paragraph (either intermixed or use as separate layers).
- the infill materials and compositions described in this application have been tested and compared to other organic infills and compositions.
- the test results show that the described infill materials and compositions have significant better heat reduction capability compared to other organic infills and compositions.
- Such infill materials and compositions and improvement were not previously found and do not exist in artificial turf technology.
- the improvement is attributed to at least the described infill materials, compositions, or both.
- the improvement and/or the described infill materials and compositions that exhibit such property were not known to or expected by a person with ordinary skill in the art in the field of artificial turf and related fields until the embodiments of the present invention are developed.
- the heat reduction characteristic is an improvement in addition to meeting or exceeding the required sports performance (such as the required ball bounce, ball roll, amount of vertical compression in response to applied force, and amount of shock absorption in EN 15330-1, EN 12235, EN 12234, EN 14808, EN14809, and other standards and methods) and exhibiting other properties.
- Fig. 4 depicts several illustrative infills, infill compositions, or infill systems that are used in a heat test.
- the infill systems used in the test include a cork-based infill system, a first olive stone-based infill system (olive pits-based infill system), a first extruded composite-based infill system, a second extruded composite-based infill system, and a second olive stone-based infill system.
- the cork-based infill system and the first olive stone-based infill system are dual layers or dual materials system and their pictorial illustrations are shown in Fig. 2 .
- Each of the cork-based infill system and the first olive stone-based infill system includes a stabilizing infill (first layer or material) 110 and a performance infill (second layer or material) 115.
- the stabilizing infill 110 includes sand only or primarily sand and the performance infill 115 includes olive stones (olive pits) only or primarily olive stones.
- the other infill systems are triple layers or triple materials systems and their pictorial illustrations are shown in Fig. 3 .
- These systems further include a mixed layer 130 (third layer or material) of sand and rubber only, or a mixed layer 130 of primarily sand and rubber.
- the mix layer 130 may be an intermixed layer of sand and rubber, or a layer of sand and another layer of rubber.
- the rubber is rubber particles having a sieve size of between 14 and 30 (0.6 mm - 1.4 mm).
- the first extruded composite-based infill system includes a first performance infill and the second extruded composite-based infill system includes a second performance infill.
- Each of the performance infills includes extruded composite infill and is referred to first extruded composite infill and second extruded composite infill.
- the first extruded composite infill includes a first amount of TPE and a first amount of carbonate mineral or carbonite mineral
- the second extruded composite infill include a second amount of TPE and a second amount of carbonate mineral or carbonite mineral.
- the first extruded composite infill and the second extruded composite infill differ in at least one of these amounts.
- the first and second extruded composite infills (and the stabilizing infill and mix layer) do not contain any olive pits or olive pit-based materials.
- the performance infill is preferable the layer that is exposed to foot traffic. Therefore, in an artificial turf with the dual layer system, the artificial turf includes a backing layer, the stabilizing infill layer on top of (overlaying) the backing layer, and the performance infill layer on top of (overlaying) the stabilizing infill layer.
- the artificial turf includes a backing layer, the stabilizing infill layer on top of the backing layer, the mix layer on top of the stabilizing infill layer, and the performance infill layer on top of the mix layer.
- the backing layer is the layer that contacts or is closer to the ground or an installation surface.
- infill systems may include additional layers or materials, be arranged in a different order, or have the described layers or materials substituted.
- the layers or materials in the infill system may also be intermixed and used as one layer. Other combinations are also possible.
- the present description primarily focuses on two and three layer infill systems.
- Fig. 4 also shows the weight of each infill material or layer in the infill system.
- the sand of the stabilizing infill is about 5 kg per square meter
- the olive stones of the performance infill is about 2 kg per square meter
- the sand of the mix layer is about 25 kg per square meter
- the rubber of the mix layer is about 12.5 kg per square meter.
- Fig. 5 depicts the results of a heat test conducted on the infill systems show in Fig. 4 .
- the same heat test is conducted (the same test setup is used) on each infill system.
- the temperature of each infill system is measured from the same location, such as determined by a (X,Y,Z) coordinate like the center of the infill system.
- a (X,Y,Z) coordinate like the center of the infill system.
- the center point is a location where the length is 1 foot, the width is 1 foot, and the depth is 1 foot ((1,1,1)).
- the results show that the olive stone-based infill systems based on the composition described in this application exhibit a lower temperature than the other organic infill systems after exposing to the same heat source or extreme temperature for the same period of time.
- the temperature measured from the same location in the olive stone-based infill systems are 58°C and 59°C.
- the temperature measured from the same location in the other organic infill systems are 63°C, 66°C, and 72°C.
- the temperature measured from the same location in the olive stone-based infill systems are 61°C and 62°C.
- the temperature measured from the same location in the other organic infill systems are 65°C, 69°C, and 62°C.
- the olive stone-based infill systems also show a slower function or rate in reaching their highest or stable temperature from their initial temperature.
- Tests over 4 hours long also have been conducted (e.g., days and weeks) and they all show that the olive stone-based infill systems based on the composition described in this application always exhibit a lower temperature and a slower heat absorbing function than the other organic infill systems. Tests also have been repeated and measured from other locations (e.g., (1, 0.75, 1.5) location from each infill system) and the same trends or characteristics also have been observed.
- the olive stone-based infill systems based on the composition described in this application have a superior heat reduction or radiating capability than the other organic infill systems in Fig. 4 and other existing organic infill systems.
- a superior heat reduction or radiating capability keeps an artificial turf cooler (and thus keeps the overall sports field or stadium cooler to the players and audience), reduces heat damage to the tufted fibers, minimizes burning sensation to human skin when athletes fall, makes the artificial turf less susceptible to fire, allows the organic particles and other particles to degrade slower, and curtail other heat-related issues.
- Fig. 6 depicts the specific gravity of three different types of organic materials (olive, cork, and coconut particles) and the result of the friction tests conducted on those materials.
- Olive particles have a specific gravity greater than 1 to prevent floating and below 1.5 to meet certain sports requirements.
- the tests are performed by a friction equipment that simulates the fall and sliding of an athlete on the surface of these materials by measuring the temperature of these materials, or the temperature elevation or burn felt by an athlete. The temperature also indicates or can be used to determine the amount of friction felt by the athlete (e.g., with the shoes, skin, or clothes). In the tests, conditions imitating athlete weights from 25 kg to 150 kg and falling or sliding speed up to 5 meter per second had been used on the materials in Fig. 6 (or artificial turf systems with such materials).
- the result shows the average temperatures of the conducted friction tests.
- the results shows that the olive pits have a lower temperature compared to that of cork.
- coconut particles also exhibit a low temperature, they require water or need to be wetted in order to achieve that temperature (e.g., either 50% of the total coconut particles by weight had been soaked in water before they are tested or an amount of water equal to 50% of the total coconut particle weight had been added to the coconut particles.) This complicates the installation and preparation processes of an infill system and may make the artificial turf system incompatible with certain sports or disqualify the artificial turf system from meeting certain standards (EN 15330-1, EN 12235, etc.).
- Fig. 7 depicts the result of a floatation test conducted on the olive, cork, and coconut particles.
- Each glassware is filled with about the same amount of olive, cork, and coconut particles (e.g., the total weight of the particles is about the same) and then about the same amount of water is poured into each glassware. After letting the combination sits for approximately 30 minutes, the test shows that the olive particles stay in the bottom of the glassware (do not float in the water) whereas the cork and coconut particles float on or toward the surface of the water. This shows that the olive particles are more stable than the cork and coconut particles when they are filled with water or their infill systems are filled water.
- olive particles are more likely to stay in place on rainy days and are more difficult to be dislodged from the artificial turf. Therefore, olive pit particles infill system is a better option in maintaining the structure and look of the infill system and keeping an even surface when water is involved (e.g., olive particles are less likely to be moved from place to place).
- Fig. 8 depicts the result of a discoloration test conducted on the olive, cork, and coconut particles.
- the discoloration test is conducted by placing olive, cork, and coconut particles in their respective containers with water and immersing or mixing the particles with water for several hours (e.g. about 2 hours).
- a new, white piece of clothes e.g., made of cotton, polyester, nylon, or a combination thereof
- the test shows that the olive particles leave behind the lightest color or almost no color on its respective clothes compared to those of the cork and coconut particles.
- the coconut particles leave behind the darkest color. Therefore, the olive pit particles are more preferable and would make shirts, shorts, or other wears on the athletes less dirty, such as when they fall or slide.
- the illustrative weight percentages can mean approximate weight percent ages, instead of exact weight percentages.
- the term approximate or about means ⁇ 0.5%, preferably ⁇ 0.2%, and more preferably ⁇ 0.1 % of the illustrative weight percentage.
- approximate or about 5% by weight means between and including 4.9% and 5.1 % by weight.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Claims (7)
- Kunstrasensystem (100) mit einer Stapelhöhe (H) zwischen etwa 15 mm und etwa 70 mm und umfassend:eine Rasenträgerschicht (120),eine Mehrzahl von Rasenfasern (125), die an der Rasenträgerschicht (120) befestigt sind, undeine doppellagige Füllung (105),wobei die erste Lage der Füllung (105) eine stabilisierende Füllungslage (110) auf der Rasenträgerschicht (120) ist und die Rasenträgerschicht (120) überlagert,wobei die zweite Lage der Füllung (105) eine Leistungsfüllungslage (115) auf der stabilisierenden Füllungslage (110) ist und die stabilisierende Füllungslage (110) überlagert,wobei die Füllung (105) zwischen den Rasenfasern (125) verteilt ist, die die Rasenfasern (125) in einer aufrechten Position tragen und eine Tiefe aufweisen, die einen Teil der Rasenfasern (125) bedeckt und einen anderen Teil der Rasenfasern (125) freilegt, wobei die Füllung (105) Olivengrubenpartikel und ein anderes Füllungsmaterial umfasst,wobei die Leistungsfüllungslage (115) eine Olivenkernpartikellage mit einem Gewicht zwischen etwa 1 kg pro Quadratmeter und etwa 15 kg pro Quadratmeter Olivenkernpartikel ist und die stabilisierende Füllungslage (110) eine Lage eines anderen Füllungsmaterials ist, das Sand ist.
- System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Olivenkernpartikel rohe zerkleinerte Olivenkerne sind.
- System (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Füllung (105) nicht mit antimikrobiellen Zusatzstoffen behandelt ist.
- System (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Füllung (105) eine Höhe zwischen etwa 2 mm und etwa 30 mm aufweist.
- System (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Füllung (105) ein Gewicht zwischen etwa 1 kg pro Quadratmeter und etwa 15 kg pro Quadratmeter Olivenkernpartikel aufweist.
- System (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das System 22 kg pro Quadratmeter Sand und 13 kg pro Quadratmeter Olivenkernpartikel umfasst.
- System (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Mehrzahl von Rasenfasern (125) an der Trägerschicht (120) durch Tufting, Weben, wie etwa Florbindung oder Flachbindung, Stricken, Nadelstanzen, Schmelzbinden und Beflocken, Erwärmen, Druckbeaufschlagen, Kleben, wie etwa Kleben unter Verwendung von Klebstoff oder einem anderen Bindemittel, befestigt sind.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20158127.9A EP3868955B8 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
EP23178697.1A EP4242376A3 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
ES20158127T ES2961884T3 (es) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Sistemas de relleno de huesos de aceituna y céspedes artificiales que tienen los mismos |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20158127.9A EP3868955B8 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23178697.1A Division EP4242376A3 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
EP23178697.1A Division-Into EP4242376A3 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3868955A1 EP3868955A1 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
EP3868955B1 true EP3868955B1 (de) | 2023-06-14 |
EP3868955B8 EP3868955B8 (de) | 2023-10-25 |
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ID=69844347
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP23178697.1A Pending EP4242376A3 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
EP20158127.9A Active EP3868955B8 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP23178697.1A Pending EP4242376A3 (de) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-02-19 | Kunstrasen mit partikeln von olivenkerne |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (2) | EP4242376A3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2961884T3 (de) |
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EP4339372A1 (de) | 2022-09-09 | 2024-03-20 | Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH | Kunstrasenfüllung mit olivenkernfragmenten und mikroporösen zeolithpartikeln |
EP4339369A1 (de) | 2022-09-09 | 2024-03-20 | Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH | Kunstrasenfüllung mit wärmebehandeltem olivenkernmaterial |
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- 2020-02-19 EP EP23178697.1A patent/EP4242376A3/de active Pending
- 2020-02-19 EP EP20158127.9A patent/EP3868955B8/de active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2961884T3 (es) | 2024-03-14 |
EP4242376A3 (de) | 2024-01-24 |
EP3868955A1 (de) | 2021-08-25 |
EP4242376A2 (de) | 2023-09-13 |
EP3868955B8 (de) | 2023-10-25 |
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