EP3867669A1 - Procede d'optimisation, produit programme d'ordinateur, procede d'analyse et calculateur associes - Google Patents
Procede d'optimisation, produit programme d'ordinateur, procede d'analyse et calculateur associesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3867669A1 EP3867669A1 EP19839359.7A EP19839359A EP3867669A1 EP 3867669 A1 EP3867669 A1 EP 3867669A1 EP 19839359 A EP19839359 A EP 19839359A EP 3867669 A1 EP3867669 A1 EP 3867669A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- approximation
- phase
- predetermined
- factor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/17—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for optimizing integration gates used in a charge comparison method which is implemented for a given detector.
- the invention also relates to a computer program product, an analysis method and a calculator.
- the invention applies to the field of nuclear physics, in particular to the characterization of the nature of radiation leading a detector exposed to said radiation to deliver a corresponding electrical signal.
- such an electrical signal comprises a succession of pulses, each representative of the detection, by the detector, of a neutron, of a photon y (gamma photon), of a particle b (beta particle), or else the occurrence of a partial discharge within the detector.
- the charge comparison method applies in particular when each pulse of the electrical signal presents a temporal evolution characteristic of the phenomenon which is at its origin.
- the temporal evolution of each pulse constitutes a signature of the phenomenon which is at the origin of said pulse.
- the electrical signal is digitized into a detection signal.
- Each pulse of the signal detection is integrated over two different integration periods, one known as “rapid” and the other known as “total”. Such integration periods are also called “integration gates”.
- the ratio of the result provided by each of these two integrations is calculated, and is used as a discrimination factor, the value of which is used to determine, for each pulse, the phenomenon which is at the origin thereof.
- discrimination capacity it is understood, within the meaning of the present application, a quantity used to characterize the performance of the detector. The better the discriminating ability of a detector, the fewer errors it will make in identifying the origin of the pulse.
- the detector's discrimination capacity is optimal, which generally allows the identification of the phenomenon at the origin of each pulse based solely on the value of the discrimination factor. that is to say on an item of information depending solely on the temporal evolution of the pulses of the detection signal. It therefore appears that, in such a method, the choice of integration gates has a fundamental influence on the ability to characterize the particles to which the detector is exposed.
- An object of the invention is therefore to propose a method for optimizing integration gates, implemented in the charge comparison method, which makes it possible to analyze detection signals not classified produced by two or more, types of particles.
- the subject of the invention is an optimization method of the aforementioned type, comprising the steps:
- the first predetermined condition being satisfied if a correlation coefficient of the result of the approximation phase is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold
- the second predetermined condition being satisfied if the number m of approximation functions of the result of the approximation phase is equal to a predetermined reference value.
- the optimal values of the integration gates are determined without a prior classification of each pulse of the detection signal being required.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for determining the optimal values of the integration gates, without it being necessary to indicate, for each pulse, the type of particle which is the cause thereof.
- the optimization method according to the invention is able to discard, even penalize, the results associated with couples of non-optimal integration gates. .
- Such results are, for example, the fruit of a non-optimal choice of integration gates leading to a distribution in which the contributions of each type of particle are not sufficiently separated.
- the optimization method according to the invention is able to discard the results which would correspond to a satisfactory approximation with regard to its correlation coefficient, but which would not correspond to the physical reality of the phenomena involved. This would correspond, for example, to a situation where an approximation by a single function would satisfy the first predetermined condition, when two types of particles are involved, and that an approximation by two approximation functions is expected.
- the method comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or according to all technically possible combinations:
- the approximation phase comprises the calculation of a plurality of approximations of the calculated distribution, each approximation implementing a sum of m predetermined approximation functions, m being an integer taking values between 1 and the value of predetermined reference, including the predetermined reference value, the approximations being distinguished from each other by the number of predetermined approximation functions implemented, the result of the approximation phase being:
- the determination phase further comprises assigning a predetermined value to the merit factor if the first and / or the second predetermined condition is not satisfied;
- the evaluation phase includes the evaluation of the discrimination factor associated with each current pulse
- the distribution calculation phase includes an update, as a function of the discrimination factor evaluated for each current pulse, of the distribution of the number of pulses as a function of the value of the discrimination factor;
- the value of the discrimination factor is proportional, for example equal, to the result of dividing the integral of the pulse on the first integration gate by the integral of the pulse on the second gate integration.
- the invention also relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions which, when executed by a computer, implement the optimization method as defined above.
- the invention also relates to a method for analyzing a detection signal from a detector in response to its exposure to a radiation source, the detection signal comprising at least one pulse, the analysis method comprising the following steps:
- a charge comparison method to determine one or more event (s) at the origin of the detection signal pulses
- a first and a second integration gate used in the charge comparison method taken equal, respectively, to the first integration door and to the second integration door of the selected torque.
- the subject of the invention is a computer intended to optimize integration gates used in a charge comparison method which is implemented for a given detector, the computer being configured for: for each pair from a plurality of pairs two to two distinct, each comprising a value of a first integration gate and a value of a second integration gate:
- the first predetermined condition being satisfied if a correlation coefficient of the result of the approximation phase is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold
- the second predetermined condition being satisfied if the number m of approximation functions of the result of the approximation phase is equal to a predetermined reference value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a processing chain comprising a computer configured to implement the optimization method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a pulse of a detection signal generated by a detector of the processing chain of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram schematically illustrating the optimization method according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph representing iso-value curves of the merit factor as a function of the total integration gate and the rapid integration gate, in a first experimental situation;
- FIG. 5 is a graph representing the distribution of the pulses as a function of the discrimination factor, for the experimental situation of Figure 4 and for the optimal couple of integration gates;
- FIG. 6 is a graph representing iso-value curves of the merit factor as a function of the total integration gate and the rapid integration gate, in a second experimental situation;
- FIG. 7 is a graph representing the distribution of the pulses as a function of the discrimination factor, for the experimental situation of Figure 6 and for the optimal couple of integration gates;
- FIG. 8 is a graph representing iso-value curves of the merit factor as a function of the total integration gate and the rapid integration gate, in a third experimental situation.
- Figure 9 is a graph representing the distribution of the pulses as a function of the discrimination factor, for the experimental situation of Figure 8 and for the optimal couple of integration gates.
- a processing chain 2 comprising a computer 4 according to the invention is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the processing chain 2 is intended for the implementation of a charge comparison method for characterizing a flow of particles coming from a source 3.
- the processing chain 2 comprises a detector 6, an acquisition member 8, the computer 4 and a man / machine interface 10.
- the detector 6 is configured to detect particles emitted by the source 3, and to generate, at the output, an electrical signal representative of said detection. Conventionally, the detector 6 is capable of detecting particles whose energy belongs to a predetermined energy range.
- the acquisition device 8 is connected to the output of the detector 6.
- the acquisition device 8 is configured to acquire, over time, the electrical signal from the detector 6, and to deliver, as an output, a digital signal , called "detection signal", corresponding to said electrical signal from detector 6.
- the computer 4 is connected at the output of the acquisition device 8.
- the computer 4 is configured to analyze the detection signal and to implement the optimization method which is the subject of the invention, on the basis of the detection signal .
- the man / machine interface 10 is, for example, configured to display the results obtained by the computer 4, or even to allow an operator to configure the computer 4.
- the detector 6, the acquisition member 8 and the man / machine interface 10 are known per se and will therefore not be described further.
- the computer 4 is configured to implement the optimization method according to the invention.
- the computer 4 has a memory 12 and a microprocessor 14 connected to the memory 12.
- the memory 12 is configured to store the detection signal in a corresponding memory location 16. In addition, the memory 12 is also configured to store optimization software 18.
- the memory is also configured to store analysis software 19.
- the microprocessor 14 is configured to execute the optimization software 18 in order to implement the optimization method which is the subject of the invention, in particular on the basis of the detection signal stored in the memory location 16.
- the microprocessor 14 is also configured to execute the analysis software 19 in order to characterize the particles emitted by the source 3 as a function of the results provided at the end of the execution of the optimization software 18.
- the software is configured to characterize the particles emitted by the source 3 on the basis of the detection signal stored in the memory location 16
- the optimization software 18 is configured to optimize the value of each of the rapid integration gate and of the total integration gate, the physical meaning of which will be detailed with reference to FIG. 2.
- curve 20 represents the time evolution of a pulse of the detection signal.
- the detection signal increases, from an instant B, from a zero value to a maximum value A m ax reached in an instant t m ax, then decreases towards 0 from from the moment t m ax.
- the total integration gate denoted PT, is, for example, chosen as being the interval between instant B and a subsequent instant C.
- the total integration gate PT is, for example, chosen as being the interval between two instants subsequent to time B.
- the rapid integration gate denoted P R
- P R is, for example, chosen as being the interval delimited by an instant D and the instant C.
- the instant D is comprised between the instant B and the instant C.
- the value of the rapid integration gate PR that is to say its length, is therefore less than or equal to the value of the gate d total integration PT.
- the rapid integration gate PR ends, for example, at an instant distinct from instant C.
- the optimization software 18 in particular the optimization of the value of the rapid integration gate PR and of the total integration gate PT by means of the optimization software 18, will now be described with reference to the figure. 3.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to implement a calculation step 21 then a selection step 22, in order to optimize the value of each of the rapid integration gate and the total integration gate.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the calculation step 21, implement a phase 23 for evaluating a discrimination factor, a phase 24 for calculating the distribution, an approximation phase 26 and a phase 28 for determining the merit factor.
- Said phases 23, 24, 26, 28 are implemented for each of a plurality of pairs two by two distinct, each pair comprising a value of the rapid integration gate and a value of the total integration gate.
- the values chosen for the total integration gate PT are values comprised between a minimum value of total integration gate and a maximum value of predetermined total integration gate, such as successive values separated by a first step predetermined.
- the values chosen for the rapid integration gate PR are values comprised between a minimum value of rapid integration gate and a maximum value of predetermined rapid integration gate, such as successive values separated by a second step predetermined.
- the notation (i, j) is adopted to identify each pair, i representing the i-th value likely to be taken by the total integration gate PT, and j representing the j-th value likely to be taken by the PR rapid integration door.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the evaluation phase 23, detect each pulse of the detection signal stored in the memory location 16. In addition, the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the evaluation phase 23, evaluate a discrimination factor associated with each pulse stored in the memory 12.
- the corresponding value of the discrimination factor is proportional, for example equal, to the result of the division of the integral of the pulse on the rapid integration gate PR (hatched area in FIG. 2) by the integral of the pulse on the total integration gate PT (dotted surface in FIG. 2).
- the values of the rapid integration gate PR and of the total integration gate PT are those of the couple (i, j) considered.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the calculation phase 24, calculate a distribution of the number of pulses as a function of the value of the discrimination factor.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the approximation phase 26, determine an approximation, by a sum of predetermined approximation functions, of the distribution which has been calculated during the calculation phase 24. More specifically, the optimization software 18 is configured to determine an approximation of the distribution by a sum of m predetermined approximation functions, m being a non-zero natural integer.
- the integer m has, for example, several predetermined values; a result is then associated with each value of the integer m.
- the integer m takes several values between 1 and a predetermined reference value M (M integer greater than or equal to 1).
- the integer m takes the successive integer values between 1 and the predetermined reference value M.
- the predetermined reference value M depends, in particular, on the detector 6 used and on the physical phenomena occurring within the detector 6.
- determining an approximation of the distribution it is understood, within the meaning of the present invention, to adjust parameters of each of the m functions of predetermined approximations, for a given value of the integer m, with a view to maximizing a correlation coefficient of the approximation.
- optimization software 18 is also configured to calculate a correlation coefficient of the approximation associated with each value of the integer m.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to compare, with a predetermined threshold, the calculated correlation coefficient which corresponds to said value of the integer m.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to implement the approximation phase 26 successively for increasing values of the integer m, and put an end to the approximation phase 26 as soon as a value of the integer m for which the correlation coefficient of the corresponding approximation is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, or when the integer m takes the value M.
- each predetermined approximation function is a Gaussian function.
- the optimization software 18 is also configured to determine, during the determination phase 28, a merit factor Fy associated with the couple (i, j) considered. More precisely, the optimization software 18 is configured to determine the merit factor Fy from the result of the approximation phase 26, which is itself obtained from the distribution calculated during the calculation phase 24, as detailed previously.
- the determination of the merit factor Fy takes place if a result of the approximation phase simultaneously satisfies first and second predetermined conditions.
- the first predetermined condition is satisfied if the correlation coefficient of the result of the approximation phase 26 is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, and the second predetermined condition is satisfied if the value of the integer m of the result of the phase of approximation 26 is equal to the predetermined reference value M.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to assign to the merit factor a first predetermined value, for example zero.
- the Optimization software 18 is configured to calculate the merit factor according to a predetermined formula, examples of which will be provided later.
- a predetermined formula is, for example, previously configured by an operator by means of the man / machine interface 10.
- the merit factor, for any given couple (i, j), is obtained by:
- Fi , j is the merit factor associated with the couple (i, j);
- mi, p m are respectively the mathematical expectation of the first and the m-th predetermined approximation function
- W k is the width at half height of the k-th predetermined approximation function
- the merit factor is obtained by:
- Fy is the merit factor associated with the couple (i, j);
- ⁇ k, i is a predetermined weighting coefficient associated with a crossed contribution of the k-th and the l-th predetermined approximation function
- P k , mi are respectively the mathematical expectation of the k-th and the l-th predetermined approximation function
- W k , wi are respectively the width at half height of the k-th and of the I-th predetermined approximation function
- the coefficients ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 , i are generally defined according to a measurement objective. An example will be given later.
- the width at mid-height w may be replaced by the standard deviation of the predetermined approximation functions involved, or by any other quantity representative of their spread.
- optimization software 18 is configured to, during the selection step 22, select the couple which optimizes the merit factor.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during an identification phase 30, identify, among the set of values taken by the merit factor calculated during the calculation step 21, each associated with a couple, the value which corresponds to an optimum with regard to a predetermined criterion, for example the maximum value of the merit factor.
- the optimization software 18 is also configured to, during the identification phase 30, identify the couple associated with said optimum. Said couple (says “Optimal torque”) has an optimal value of the total integration gate PT (called “optimal total integration gate”) and an optimal value of the rapid integration gate PR (called “optimal rapid integration gate” ).
- the optimization software 18 is configured to, during an optional phase 32 of evaluation of the variation of the merit factor, evaluate the variation of the merit factor for couples belonging to a domain defined with respect to the couple optimal. Said domain comprises the optimal torque.
- such a domain is defined as being the set of couples for which:
- the value of the total integration gate PT belongs to a second predetermined width interval around the optimal total integration gate
- the value of the rapid integration door PR belongs to a first predetermined width interval around the optimal rapid integration door.
- such a domain is defined as being the set of couples located at a distance less than or equal to a predetermined distance relative to the optimal couple, with regard to a predetermined metric.
- a metric is, for example, the Euclidean norm.
- the optimization software 18 is also configured to, during a choice phase 34, choose the optimal torque.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to implement the evaluation phase 32, then the optimization software 18 is configured to, during the choice phase 34, choose the optimal torque provided that the variation of the merit factor for couples belonging to the domain satisfies a third predetermined condition.
- such a third predetermined condition is a condition on the concave character of the factor of merit around the value associated with the optimal couple.
- the analysis software 19 is characterized for implementing the charge comparison method in order to characterize the particles emitted by the source 3 from of the detection signal, in particular the detection signal stored in the memory location 16. More specifically, the analysis software 19 is configured to implement the charge comparison method, in which the total integration gate and the rapid integration door brought into play being respectively equal to the optimal total integration door and to the optimal rapid integration door.
- FIG. 4 is shown the evolution of the merit factor ("FOM" scale) as a function of the total integration gate ("long period" axis) and the rapid integration gate ("rapid period” axis) , in a situation where the detector 6 is a liquid scintillator coupled to a matrix of silicon photomultipliers.
- the source 3 is a source emitting neutrons and gamma photons.
- the optimal value (here, maximum) of the merit factor is obtained for an optimal total integration gate being worth 500 ns (nanosecond), and an optimal fast integration gate being worth 120 ns.
- the corresponding value of the integer m is 2, the predetermined approximation functions being Gaussian functions, and the correlation coefficient being equal to 0.996.
- FIG. 5 is shown the distribution of the number of pulses (axis “number of strokes”) as a function of the discrimination factor (axis “discrimination factor”), the total integration gate PT and the integration gate rapid PR being respectively equal to the optimal total integration gate and to the optimal rapid integration gate previously determined.
- the pulses for which the discrimination factor is less than 0.579 have a probability of 99.58% of having originated from a gamma photon.
- the pulses for which the discrimination factor is greater than 0.579 have a 99.58% probability of being caused by a neutron.
- the source 3 is an emitting source of low energy particles b (typically of energy less than or equal to 100 keV), of high energy particles b (typically of energy greater than or equal to 100 keV) and of photons. y.
- the optimal value (here, maximum) of the merit factor is obtained for an optimal total integration gate being worth 25 ns, and an optimal fast integration gate being worth 11.25 ns.
- the corresponding value of the integer m is 3, the predetermined approximation functions being Gaussian functions, and the correlation coefficient being equal to 0.981.
- the coefficients ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 , i have been chosen so that the merit factor is maximum when the difference between the approximation function corresponding to the high energy particles b and the approximation function corresponding to the photons is maximum there.
- the approximation function relating to low energy particles b is designated as being the first approximation function
- the approximation function relating to high energy particles b is designated as being the second approximation function
- the approximation function relative to the photons is designated therein as being the third approximation function
- the coefficient 0 2.3 is taken equal to 1 and the other coefficients are taken harmful.
- FIG. 7 is shown the distribution of the number of pulses (axis “number of strokes”) as a function of the discrimination factor (axis “discrimination factor”), the total integration gate P T and the gate of rapid integration P R being respectively equal to the optimal total integration gate and to the optimal rapid integration gate previously determined.
- the pulses for which the discrimination factor is less than about 0.55 have a 98.86% probability of having a particle b as their origin.
- pulses for which the discrimination factor is greater than about 0.55 have a 99.73% probability of being caused by a photon g.
- Figure 8 shows the evolution of the merit factor ("FOM" scale) as a function of the total integration gate ("long period" axis) and the rapid integration gate (“fast period” axis) , in a situation where the detector 6 is a fission chamber associated with a preamplifier.
- source 3 is a source emitting neutrons. Fission chambers are generally the site of partial discharges.
- the optimal value (here, maximum) of the merit factor is obtained for an optimal total integration gate worth 150 ns (nanosecond), and an optimal rapid integration gate worth 85 ns.
- the corresponding value of the integer m is 2, the predetermined approximation functions being Gaussian functions, and the correlation coefficient being equal to 0.980.
- FIG. 9 is shown the distribution of the number of pulses (axis “number of strokes”) as a function of the discrimination factor (axis “discrimination factor”), the total integration gate P T and the gate of rapid integration P R being respectively equal to the optimal total integration gate and to the optimal rapid integration gate previously determined.
- the sum of the approximation functions is shown in solid lines, while the number of pulses for each value of the discrimination factor is marked with a cross.
- the pulses for which the discrimination factor is less than 0.300 have a probability of 99.97% of having as origin a partial discharge within the fission chamber.
- pulses for which the discrimination factor is greater than 0.300 have a 99.97% probability of being caused by a neutron.
- the detector 6 of the processing chain 2 is exposed to a flow of particles from the source 3.
- the detector 6 detects the particles emitted by the source 3, and delivers an electrical signal representative of said detection.
- the acquisition device 8 acquires, over time, the electrical signal from the detector 6, and delivers a detection signal corresponding to the electrical signal from the detector 6.
- the detection signal is applied to the computer 4.
- the computer 4 is connected at the output of the acquisition device 8.
- the computer 4 is configured to analyze the detection signal and to implement the optimization method which is the subject of the invention, on the basis of the detection signal .
- the memory 12 stores the detection signal in the memory location 16.
- the microprocessor executes the optimization software 18.
- the optimization software 18 implements the evaluation phase 23, the calculation phase 24, the approximation phase 26 and the determination phase 28.
- the optimization software 18 detects each pulse of the detection signal stored in the memory 12, and evaluates a discrimination factor associated with each pulse.
- the optimization software 18 calculates a distribution of the number of pulses as a function of the value of the discrimination factor. Then, during the approximation phase 26, the optimization software 18 determines an approximation, by a sum of m predetermined approximation functions, of the calculated distribution, the integer m having several predetermined values.
- the optimization software 18 calculates a correlation coefficient of the corresponding approximation, and compares the calculated correlation coefficient with the predetermined threshold.
- the optimization software 18 determines the merit factor associated with the couple considered.
- the optimization software 18 selects the pair which optimizes the value of the merit factor.
- the optimization software 18 identifies, among all the values of the merit factor calculated during the calculation step 21, the value of the merit factor which corresponds to an optimum, thus the optimal torque associated with said optimum.
- the optimization software 18 evaluates the variation of the merit factor for the couples belonging to a domain defined with respect to the optimal couple.
- the optimization software 18 chooses the optimal torque.
- the optimization software 18 chooses the optimal couple on condition that the variation of the merit factor for the couples belonging to the domain satisfies the third predetermined condition.
- the analysis software 19 characterizes the particles emitted by the source 3 applying the charge comparison method to the detection signal, in particular the detection signal stored in the memory location 16, the total integration gate and the gate of rapid integration corresponding to the optimal torque chosen by the optimization software 18.
- the computer 4 is configured so that the optimization software 18 is implemented not after the detection signal has been fully stored in the memory location 16, but as and when received of the measurement signal, and therefore of the pulses, coming from the acquisition device 8.
- the optimization software 18 is configured to implement successive cycles each comprising the calculation step 21 then the selection step 22. More specifically, each time a new pulse is received from of the acquisition device 8, the optimization software 18 is configured to:
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1872432A FR3089638B1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Procede d’optimisation, produit programme d’ordinateur, procede d’analyse et calculateur associes |
| PCT/FR2019/052919 WO2020115432A1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 | 2019-12-04 | Procede d'optimisation, produit programme d'ordinateur, procede d'analyse et calculateur associes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3867669A1 true EP3867669A1 (fr) | 2021-08-25 |
Family
ID=67107511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19839359.7A Withdrawn EP3867669A1 (fr) | 2018-12-06 | 2019-12-04 | Procede d'optimisation, produit programme d'ordinateur, procede d'analyse et calculateur associes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3867669A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3089638B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020115432A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116338758B (zh) * | 2023-01-03 | 2026-01-09 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种正比计数器的处理方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-06 FR FR1872432A patent/FR3089638B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-04 WO PCT/FR2019/052919 patent/WO2020115432A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-04 EP EP19839359.7A patent/EP3867669A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3089638B1 (fr) | 2022-06-03 |
| FR3089638A1 (fr) | 2020-06-12 |
| WO2020115432A1 (fr) | 2020-06-11 |
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