EP3865879B1 - Induktive sensorvorrichtung und verfahren zur detektion der bewegung eines objekts - Google Patents

Induktive sensorvorrichtung und verfahren zur detektion der bewegung eines objekts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3865879B1
EP3865879B1 EP20156827.6A EP20156827A EP3865879B1 EP 3865879 B1 EP3865879 B1 EP 3865879B1 EP 20156827 A EP20156827 A EP 20156827A EP 3865879 B1 EP3865879 B1 EP 3865879B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
mean value
oscillations
movement
speed
period
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EP20156827.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3865879A1 (de
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Andre Farrugia
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Jaquet Technology Group AG
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Jaquet Technology Group AG
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Priority to EP20156827.6A priority Critical patent/EP3865879B1/de
Priority to US17/157,032 priority patent/US11609103B2/en
Priority to CN202110172176.5A priority patent/CN113252083A/zh
Priority to JP2021018015A priority patent/JP2021128158A/ja
Priority to KR1020210018949A priority patent/KR20210103427A/ko
Publication of EP3865879A1 publication Critical patent/EP3865879A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
    • G01D5/225—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the mutual induction between the two coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
    • G01P13/0006—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement of fluids or of granulous or powder-like substances
    • G01P13/0073—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement of fluids or of granulous or powder-like substances by using vibrations generated by the fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
    • G01D5/202—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by movable a non-ferromagnetic conductive element
    • G01D5/2026—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by movable a non-ferromagnetic conductive element constituting a short-circuiting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/50—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed
    • G01P3/505—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed by using eddy currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inductive sensor device for measuring the speed and position (stroke) of an object moving in a reciprocating linear manner, in particular, a piston of an engine, and a method of detecting a reciprocating linear movement of the object.
  • optical sensors In the art, optical sensors, magnetic Hall sensors and inductive sensor are known for detecting linear and/or rotational movements of objects.
  • Inductive sensors operating based on Faraday's law provide advantages with respect to the accuracy of position sensing and robustness against harsh environments.
  • Eddy current sensors represent a class of inductive sensors of particular importance.
  • a target or rotor blade clearance measurement device for indicating an interaction of a measurement probe with a target or rotor blade.
  • the measurement device comprises a measurement probe containing a coil, a frequency source arranged to apply an input alternating signal to the measurement probe, and a frequency regulator arranged to regulate the input alternating signal at a frequency below the resonance frequency of the measurement probe.
  • a detector is arranged to detect an output signal from the measurement probe at a frequency of the frequency source which varies in amplitude with an admittance and resonance frequency of the measurement probe.
  • An eddy current sensor comprises a detector coil connected to a capacitance and an alternating current generator (oscillator) in order to form a tuned frequency oscillator (tank) circuit (providing a sinus wave current signal, for example).
  • the current generator causes a high-frequency alternating electrical current flowing in the detector coil that is associated with a high-frequency time-varying magnetic field (primary magnetic field).
  • This primary magnetic field induces eddy currents in an electrically conductive object to be detected that in course induce a secondary magnetic field that, according to Lenz's law, is directed oppositely to the primary magnetic field.
  • Changes of the impedance/resonance frequency can be detected by a processing unit that may comprise demodulator and amplification units and generates signals based on the changes of the impedance/resonance frequency that can be used to derive information on the position (stroke) and speed of the detected object, in principle.
  • the invention provides an inductive sensor device for detecting a reciprocating movement of an object (for example, a piston moving in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine) according to claim 1.
  • the inductive sensor device comprises an oscillator circuit comprising a sensing coil configured for inducing electrical eddy currents in the moving object when it is in the detection range of the sensing coil and a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to count oscillations of the oscillator circuit detected in sampling periods, compare the counted oscillations with a predetermined mean value of oscillations and determine both the speed and position of the object based on the comparison of the counted oscillations with the predetermined mean value of oscillations.
  • position of the object the stroke (range) during reciprocating linear movement of the object is meant herein.
  • the oscillations may be counted by counting raising or falling edges of the detected oscillations.
  • the oscillator circuit may be excited by an alternate current generator (oscillator). Presence of the object within a detection area of the sensing coil results in a modification of the resonance frequency (impedance of the sensing coil) that can be sensed by a sensing device (detecting the oscillations in the sampling periods) of the inductive sensor device based on voltage or current signals.
  • a first time period can be identified during which the number of the counted oscillations (that represent the actual resonance frequency of the oscillator circuit) exceeds the mean value (HIGH time period) and a second time period can be identified during which the number of the counted oscillations does not exceed the mean value (LOW time period).
  • the sum of these time periods represents the time period of the reciprocating movement of the object.
  • the reciprocal of the time period of the reciprocating movement of the object represents the frequency of the movement that directly translates to the speed (for example, in units of rpm by multiplying the frequency of the movement by 60).
  • the duty cycle of the movement can be derived from the ratio of the HIGH time period to the time period of the reciprocating movement of the object and translates to the position of the object, for example, the stroke of a piston moving in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine (see also detailed description below).
  • the thus provided single inductive sensor device allows for the determination of both the speed and position of the object based on the comparison of the counted oscillations with the predetermined mean value of oscillations with a high accuracy (and without mechanically contacting the object to be detected).
  • the inductive sensor device may further comprise a low-pass filter and the processing unit may be configured to determine the mean value based on signals that are low-pass filtered by the low-pass filter.
  • the employment of the low-pass filter reduces noise and allows for dynamically obtaining a weighted mean value (over past and current counts of oscillations) used for the above-mentioned comparison process.
  • the processing unit further comprises a HIGH time counter configured to be incremented
  • the HIGH time counter can provide the above-mentioned HIGH time period and the LOW time counter can provide the above-mentioned LOW time period.
  • the processing unit comprises a frequency calculating means and a duty cycle calculating means that are configured to calculate the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the object that directly translates to the speed based on the determined HIGH and LOW time periods and the duty cycle of the movement of the moving object based on the determined HIGH and LOW time periods, respectively.
  • the processing unit further comprises a position determining means configured to determine the position of the moving object based on the duty cycle calculated by the duty cycle calculating means and a speed determining means configured to determine the speed of the object based on the frequency calculated by the frequency calculating means.
  • the inductive sensor device comprises a pulse width modulation signal generator (which can be part of the processing unit) configured to generate pulse width modulated signals based on signals output by the duty cycle calculation means and the speed calculation means and wherein the position determining means is configured to determine the position of the object based on first ones (including information on the duty cycle of the movement of the object) of the pulse width modulated signals and the speed determining means is configured to determine the speed of the object based on second ones (including information on the frequency of the movement of the object) of the pulse width modulated signals.
  • a pulse width modulation signal generator which can be part of the processing unit
  • the position determining means is configured to determine the position of the object based on first ones (including information on the duty cycle of the movement of the object) of the pulse width modulated signals
  • the speed determining means is configured to determine the speed of the object based on second ones (including information on the frequency of the movement of the object) of the pulse width modulated signals.
  • the above-mentioned need is also addressed by providing a method of sensing a reciprocating movement of an object (for example, a piston moving in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine) by means of an inductive sensor device comprising an oscillator circuit according to claim 4.
  • the method comprises the steps of
  • the method may comprise determining the predetermined mean value by determining the mean value of low-pass filtered signals representing counts of the oscillations.
  • the method of sensing a reciprocating movement of an object furthermore, comprises the steps of
  • the frequency and speed of the object are determined based on the period of the movement of the object and the position (stroke) of the object is determined based on the duty cycle of the movement of the object.
  • Each concrete configuration under consideration that comprises a moving object to be detected for example, a piston moving in a cylinder of a combustion engine, exhibits its own individual duty cycle range from a duty cycle minimum corresponding to a minimum stroke to a duty cycle maximum corresponding to a maximum stroke that are known beforehand. With this predefined knowledge the actually determined duty cycles translate to percentages of the entire/maximum stroke.
  • the eddy currents are induced in the object by primary magnetic field generated by the sensing coil when the oscillator circuit is empowered by an electrical generator, for example, an alternating current generator.
  • the eddy currents induce a secondary magnetic field affecting the impedance and resonance frequency of the oscillator circuit and, thus, the number of counts of oscillations.
  • a computer program product comprising one or more computer readable media having computer-executable instructions for performing the steps of the method according to one of the above-described embodiments when run on a processing unit of an inductive sensor device according to one of the above-described embodiments.
  • the present invention provides a sensor device and a method for detecting the movement of a linearly reciprocating object.
  • the stroke and speed of the object can be determined by means of one single inductive sensor device.
  • the object is represented by a piston moving in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. It goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to this particular application.
  • Figures 1a and 1b illustrate a configuration 10 for detecting the movement of a piston 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piston 1 may be made of aluminum, for example, and is moved in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine by a movement generator 2 via a crankshaft 3.
  • the directions of the reciprocating movement of the piston 1 are illustrated by the double arrows.
  • the reciprocating movement of the piston 1 is detected by means of a inductive sensor device 4 comprising a sensor tip element 5.
  • the sensor tip element 4 partially faces a piston groove 5 of the piston 1 whereas in the situation shown in Figure 1b the sensor tip element 4 completely faces the body of the piston 1 within a detection range.
  • the inductive sensor device 4 comprises an oscillator circuit generating an alternating current and a sensing coil positioned in or representing partly the sensor tip element 5.
  • the coil may be a double coil and may have a diameter of about 10 mm, for example.
  • the coil may be made of a highly conductive material, for example, copper, and may be formed on an appropriate support substrate, for example, being made of a polymer material.
  • the inductive sensor device 4 comprises a processing unit, for example, a ⁇ -controller.
  • the ⁇ -controller may be an 8 bit ⁇ -controller.
  • the alternating current generates a primary magnetic field that induces electrical eddy currents in the electrically conductive body of the piston 1.
  • the eddy currents induce a secondary magnetic field affecting the impedance and resonance frequency of the oscillator circuit of the inductive sensor device 4. If only a part of the body of the piston 1 or no part of the body faces the sensor tip element 5 a relatively weak secondary magnetic field or no secondary magnetic field is induced. If the body of the piston 1 completely faces the sensor tip element 5 a relatively strong secondary magnetic field is induced and, thus, a relatively strong change in the impedance and resonance frequency of the oscillator circuit can be observed. This information can be directly translated to information on the stroke and speed of the piston 1 as it is described below.
  • FIG 2 very schematically illustrates components of the inductive sensor device 4 shown in Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the inductive sensor device 4 comprises a sensing coil 11 that is positioned in the tip element portion 44 shown in Figures 1a and 1b . Further, the inductive sensor device 4 comprises some capacitive device 12.
  • the resonance circuitry is powered by some oscillator, for example, an alternate current generator, 13 (in which the capacitive device 12 may be integrated according to another example) generating an alternating electrical current.
  • a sensing device 14 is provided in order to detect changes in the oscillator circuitry (impedance, resonance frequency) due to the presence of an object to be detected in a detection area of the sensing coil 11, i.e., the 1 piston in the example shown in Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the sensing device 14 can be configured to measure currents or voltages.
  • the sensing device 14 outputs signals to a processing unit 15.
  • the processing unit 15 may be or comprise a ⁇ -controller.
  • the processing unit 15 processes the signals provided by the sensing device 14 in order to determine both the position and speed of the object that is to be detected.
  • the oscillator 13 operates at some clock frequency, for example, a clock frequency between 5 to 20 MHz.
  • the processing unit 15 counts the number of positive (or, alternatively, negative) edges (one oscillation comprises two edges, namely, a rising/positive and a falling /negative edge) of the signal provided by the sensing device 14, i.e., the resonance frequency of the oscillator circuit as affected (or not, if it is not within the detection range of the sensor coil) by the object to be detected (step 31 of Figure 3 ).
  • the oscillatory signal provided by the sensing device 14 may be a voltage or current signal.
  • the processing unit 15 not only counts the edges of the oscillatory signals but also compares the count for each timer period with a mean value of edges of the oscillatory signals per timer period obtained for a number of previous timer periods (step 32 of Figure 3 ).
  • the mean value can be determined after low-pass filtering of the counts over timer periods used for determining the mean value.
  • signal pre-conditioning a weighted average over a pre-defined number of previous timer periods is used for the comparison procedure (step 32 of Figure 3 ).
  • signal noise can be removed by the low-pass filtering.
  • FIGS 4a and 4b The steps of incrementing a HIGH timer and a LOW timer are illustrated in Figures 4a and 4b .
  • the upper plots of Figures 4a and 4b show the counts of increments (in some arbitrary normalization) (ordinate) during each of sixteen timer periods (abscissa), for example.
  • step functions for the value of the total counts of positive edges (increments) of the signal provided by the sensing device 14per timer period might be used.
  • the horizontal line indicates the mean value obtained based on pervious timer periods.
  • the HIGH timer is incremented (counted up by 1) and for each timer period that exhibits a count of increments below the mean value, the LOW timer is incremented (counted up by 1).
  • Clearly periods (time intervals) extending over some timer periods can be identified during which the HIGH timer is incremented (HIGH periods) and other ones during which the LOW timer is incremented (LOW periods), respectively, can be identified.
  • the (cycle) period of movement (presence and absence, respectively) of the (body of the) piston 1 in the detection area of the inductive sensor device 4 of Figures 1a and 1b can be determined as the sum of the HIGH timer counts and the LOW timer counts and the duty cycle can be determined as the ratio of the HIGH timer counts and the cycle period, optionally multiplied by some normalization factor for quantization in a desired unit, for example, a normalization factor of 100 (step 36 of Figure 3 ).
  • the period of the reciprocating movement of the piston 1 extends over three frequency changes of the sensed resonance frequency from frequencies below the mean value to frequencies above the mean value and vice versa.
  • the speed and stroke of the piston 1 shown in Figures 1a and 1b can be determined (step 37 of Figure 3 ).
  • the frequency (in Hz) of the movement of the piston 1 is given by the reciprocal value of the period and the speed is given, for example, in rpm by multiplying this frequency by 60.
  • the duty cycle directly translates to a percentage of the entire stroke of the piston 1 within the cylinder.
  • Each concrete piston-cylinder system exhibits its own individual duty cycle range from a duty cycle minimum corresponding to a minimum stroke to a duty cycle maximum corresponding to a maximum stroke that are known beforehand. With this predefined knowledge the actually determined duty cycles translate to percentages of the entire/maximum stroke.
  • the speed and stroke of the piston 1 can simultaneously be determined with a high accuracy. From the speed and stroke as well as the known compression of volume caused by the piston the torque of the movement generator 2 shown in Figures 1a and 1b can also be directly determined. No reference markers have to be provided for the object to be detected (i.e., piston 1 in the above-described examples).
  • the inductive sensor device 4 can be produced at low costs and is suitable to operate in harsh environments (with temperatures up to some 150 °C).
  • the inductive sensor device 100 comprises an oscillator circuit 110 comprising a sensing coil for inducing eddy currents in the object 200 and detecting the presence of the object in the sensor detection range based on the induced secondary magnetic field (confer description above).
  • the inductive sensor device 100 comprises a processing unit 120, for example, comprising a ⁇ -controller.
  • the processing unit 120 comprises a signal capturing means 121 connected to the oscillator circuit 110 receiving oscillatory signals from the same and providing signals representing counts of edges of the oscillatory signals. The thus provided signals can be low-pass filtered by some low-pass filtering means 122.
  • the processing unit 120 comprises a HIGH timer 123 and a LOW timer 124 for obtaining HIGH and LOW counts, respectively, as described above.
  • the frequency of the movement of the object 200 can be determined by a frequency calculating means 125 and the duty cycle of the object 200 can be determined by a duty cycle calculating means 126 in a manner as described above.
  • the processing unit 120 comprises a pulse width modulation signal generator 127 in order to provide pulse width modulated digital output signals carrying the information on the frequency of the movement and the duty cycle of the object 200. The thus obtained pulse width modulated digital output signals can be used in order to derive the speed of the object 200 and the position (stroke) of the object 200 in a manner as it is described above.
  • the pulse width modulated digital output signals PWMS are particularly suitable for an accurate determination of the speed and stroke.
  • the speed of the object can be determined based on the pulse width modulated digital output signals PWMS and the position (stroke) of the moving object can be determined based on the pulse width modulated digital output signals PWMS.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Eine induktive Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) zum Detektieren einer Pendelbewegung eines Objekts, umfassend
    eine Oszillatorschaltung (13, 110) mit einer Detektionsspule (11), die dazu ausgebildet ist, Wirbelströme in dem Objekt zu induzieren;
    und eine Verarbeitungseinheit (15, 120);
    wobei die Verarbeitungseinheit (15, 120) dazu ausgebildet ist,
    Oszillationen der Oszillatorschaltung (13, 110) zu zählen, die in Messperioden detektiert werden;
    die gezählten Oszillationen mit einem vorbestimmten mittleren Wert von Oszillationen zu vergleichen; und
    sowohl die Geschwindigkeit als auch die Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage des Vergleichs der gezählten Oszillationen mit dem vorbestimmten mittleren Wert von Oszillationen zu bestimmen;
    und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Verarbeitungseinheit (15, 120) weiterhin umfasst
    i)
    a) einen HOCH-Zeit-Zähler (124), der dazu ausgebildet ist, für jede Messperiode der Messperioden, in der die Zahl der gezählten Oszillationen den mittleren Wert überschreitet, erhöht zu werden, und einen NIEDRIG-Zeit-Zähler (123), der dazu ausgebildet ist, für jede Messperiode der Messperioden, in der die Zahl der gezählten Oszillationen den mittleren Wert nicht überschreitet, erhöht zu werden;
    oder
    b) einen HOCH-Zeit-Zähler (124), der dazu ausgebildet ist, für jede Messperiode der Messperioden, in der die Zahl der gezählten Oszillationen zumindest gleich dem mittleren Wert ist, erhöht zu werden, und einen NIEDRIG-Zeit-Zähler (123), der dazu ausgebildet ist, für jede Messperiode der Messperioden, in der die Zahl der gezählten Oszillationen unterhalb des mittleren Werts liegt, erhöht zu werden;
    ii) ein Frequenzberechnungsmittel (125), das dazu ausgebildet ist, die Frequenz der Pendelbewegung des Objekts, die sich direkt in die Geschwindigkeit übersetzen lässt, auf der Grundlage der bestimmen HOCH- und NIEDRIG-Zeitperioden zu berechnen;
    iii) ein Arbeitszyklusberechnungsmittel (126), das dazu ausgebildet ist, den Arbeitszyklus der Bewegung des sich bewegenden Objekts auf der Grundlage der bestimmten HOCH- und NIEDRIG-Zeitperioden zu berechnen;
    iv) ein Positionsbestimmungsmittel, das dazu ausgebildet ist, die Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage des berechneten Arbeitszyklus zu bestimmen; und
    v) ein Geschwindigkeitsbestimmungsmittel, das dazu ausgebildet ist, die Geschwindigkeit des Objekts auf der Grundlage der berechneten Frequenz zu bestimmen.
  2. Die induktive Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) gemäß Anspruch 1, die weiterhin einen Niedrigpass-Filter umfasst, und in der Verarbeitungseinheit (15, 120) dazu ausgebildet ist, den mittleren Wert auf der Grundlage von Signalen zu bestimmen, die von dem Niedrigpass-Filter (122) niedrigpassgefiltert werden.
  3. Die induktive Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, die weiterhin einen Pulsbreitenmodulationssignalgenerator (127) umfasst, der dazu ausgebildet ist, pulsbreitenmodulierte Signale auf der Grundlage von Signalen zu erzeugen, die von dem Arbeitszyklusberechnungsmittel (126) und dem Geschwindigkeitsbestimmungsmittel ausgegeben werden, und in der das Positionsbestimmungsmittel dazu ausgebildet ist, die Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage von ersten der pulsbreitenmodulierte Signale zu bestimmen und das Geschwindigkeitsbestimmungsmittel dazu ausgebildet ist, die Geschwindigkeit des Objekts auf der Grundlage von zweiten der pulsbreitenmodulierte Signale zu bestimmen.
  4. Verfahren zum Detektieren einer Pendelbewegung eines Objekts mithilfe einer induktiven Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) mit einer Oszillatorschaltung, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfasst
    Induzieren von Wirbelströmen in dem Objekt mithilfe einer Detektionsspule (11), die von der induktiven Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) umfasst ist;
    Detektieren und Zählen von Oszillationen der Oszillatorschaltung (13, 110) in Messperioden;
    Vergleichen der gezählten Oszillationen mit einem vorbestimmten mittleren Wert von Oszillationen; und
    Bestimmen sowohl der Geschwindigkeit als auch der Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage des Vergleichs der gezählten Oszillationen mit dem vorbestimmten mittleren Wert von Oszillationen;
    und gekennzeichnet durch
    Bestimmen einer HOCH-Zeitperiode durch Bestimmen eines Zeitintervalls, in dem die Zahl der Zählungen pro Messperiode den mittleren Wert überschreitet oder dem mittleren Wert zumindest gleich ist,
    Bestimmen einer NIEDRIG-Zeitperiode durch Bestimmen eines Zeitintervalls, in dem die Zahl der Zählungen pro Messperiode den mittleren Wert nicht überschreitet oder kleiner als der mittlere Wert ist:
    Bestimmen einer Periode der Bewegung des Objekts durch Summieren der HOCH-Zeitperiode und der NIEDRIG-Zeitperiode; und
    Bestimmen eines Arbeitszyklus der Bewegung des Objekts auf der Grundlage des Verhältnisses von der HOCH-Zeitperiode zu der Summe der HOCH-Zeitperiode und der NIEDRIG-Zeitperiode, wobei die Geschwindigkeit des Objekts auf der Grundlage des Kehrwerts der bestimmten Periode der Bewegung des Objekts bestimmt wird,
    und die Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage des bestimmten Arbeitszyklus der Bewegung des Objekts bestimmt wird.
  5. Das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, das weiterhin ein Niedrigpassfiltern von Zählungen von Oszillationen und Bestimmen des mittleren Werts der niedrigpassgefilterten Zählungen von Oszillationen als den vorbestimmten mittleren Wert umfasst.
  6. Das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, das weiterhin umfasst
    Pulsbreitenmodulieren von Signalen, PWMS, die Informationen über die Periode der Bewegung des Objekts enthalten, und PWMS, die Informationen über den Arbeitszyklus der Bewegung des Objekts enthalten; und wobei die Geschwindigkeit und die Position des Objekts auf der Grundlage des PWMS bestimmt werden.
  7. Das Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, in dem die Pendelbewegung des Objekts eine Bewegung eines Kolbens (1) in einem Zylinder eines Verbrennungsmotors ist, und die Position der Hub des Kolbens ist.
  8. Das Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, in dem der Hub des Kolbens (1) als Prozentsatz eines gesamten oder maximalen Hubs bestimmt wird, der aus einem vorbestimmten Arbeitszyklusminimum entsprechend einem minimalen Hub und einem vorbestimmten Arbeitszyklusmaximum entsprechend einem maximalen Hub bekannt ist.
  9. Computerprogrammprodukt, mit einem oder mehreren computerlesbaren Medien, die computerausführbare Anweisungen zum Ausführen der Schritte des Verfahrens gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, wenn sie auf einer Verarbeitungseinheit einer induktiven Sensorvorrichtung (4, 100) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 laufengelassen werden, enthalten.
EP20156827.6A 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Induktive sensorvorrichtung und verfahren zur detektion der bewegung eines objekts Active EP3865879B1 (de)

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US17/157,032 US11609103B2 (en) 2020-02-12 2021-01-25 Inductive sensor device and method of detecting movement of an object
CN202110172176.5A CN113252083A (zh) 2020-02-12 2021-02-08 感应传感器装置和检测对象的运动的方法
JP2021018015A JP2021128158A (ja) 2020-02-12 2021-02-08 物体の運動を検出する誘導センサデバイスおよび方法
KR1020210018949A KR20210103427A (ko) 2020-02-12 2021-02-10 인덕티브 센서 디바이스 및 대상물의 움직임을 검출하는 방법

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