EP3864191A1 - Procede de traitement d'une piece metallique specifique en vue d'ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion et ses proprietes d'adhesion a une composition de revetement, telle qu'une peinture - Google Patents
Procede de traitement d'une piece metallique specifique en vue d'ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion et ses proprietes d'adhesion a une composition de revetement, telle qu'une peintureInfo
- Publication number
- EP3864191A1 EP3864191A1 EP19868185.0A EP19868185A EP3864191A1 EP 3864191 A1 EP3864191 A1 EP 3864191A1 EP 19868185 A EP19868185 A EP 19868185A EP 3864191 A1 EP3864191 A1 EP 3864191A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- group
- organic film
- chemical conversion
- solution
- salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title description 43
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 aryl diazonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004965 chloroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical class [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 79
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000026 X-ray photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical group [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ICMFHHGKLRTCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzenediazonium Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 ICMFHHGKLRTCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C23C22/57—Treatment of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/10—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing organic acids
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of treating a specific metal part with a view to giving it protection against corrosion and properties of adhesion to a coating composition, such as a paint, these metal parts possibly being parts of aluminum, titanium, magnesium or alloys thereof.
- the method according to the invention which makes it possible to treat very diverse parts, both in terms of their dimensions and their configuration, is likely to find applications in all fields where it is necessary to use parts resistant to corrosion and intended to be coated with coating compositions (for example, paints), such as the fields of the automobile, aeronautics, construction.
- coating compositions for example, paints
- Aluminum is a material used on a large scale in industry, due to its lightness, its electrical conductivity, its malleability and its non-toxicity with also a possibility of modulating according to a wide range its mechanical properties by incorporating it other metallic elements (such as copper, zinc, magnesium ... etc) thus making it possible to meet the objectives targeted by each field of application.
- a layer of aluminum oxide (or alumina) spontaneously forms on its surface, which constitutes an excellent barrier against corrosion, because aluminum oxide effectively resists dissolution phenomena thus preventing access to the underlying aluminum and also constitutes a good electrical insulator preventing the passage of current to the underlying aluminum.
- Anodizing techniques make it possible to electrochemically increase the thickness of the oxide layer naturally present on the surface of the part comprising aluminum, in order to obtain a more impermeable and electrically insulating oxide layer. and thus further improve the corrosion resistance.
- the anodization techniques consist of an electrolysis in an acidic aqueous medium, the part to be treated being used in the form of an anode in a current generator, the aluminum being thus oxidized into Al 3+ cations while a part water from the aqueous medium is reduced to hydrogen at the cathode.
- the Al 3+ ions once formed, react with water molecules to form alumina (AI2O3), which produces a layer progressing mainly towards the heart of the metal.
- This layer will depend on the intensity of the current delivered by the generator, on the duration of application of the treatment but also on the nature of the acid chosen and its concentration.
- the layer obtained can have a thickness ranging from 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m;
- the layer obtained can have a thickness of a few micrometers.
- the layer obtained by anodization has a columnar and porous structure (the size and arrangement of the pores may depend on the nature of the acidic aqueous medium chosen and the intensity of the current applied), which has, by its roughness, good properties. adhesion for the application of a coating composition, such as a paint, while not guaranteeing optimal corrosion resistance, due to the presence of these pores, which create preferential access paths for the corrosion phenomenon.
- provision may be made after the anodization for an operation of clogging the pores of the layer obtained.
- the treated part does not require the subsequent application of a paint for its final use, in which case the sealing operation is desirable to obtain maximum protection against corrosion.
- the chemical conversion techniques which are surface treatments which allow the formation of another oxide than the native oxide present on the surface of the part to be treated, which other oxide can confer better adhesion to the paint as well as better resistance to corrosion.
- the chromating technique which consists in bringing the part to be treated into contact with a solution comprising hexavalent chromium allowing the formation on the surface of the part of a surface layer of chromium oxide (Cr2O3 ) having good corrosion resistance (due in particular to the passivating effect of the chromium oxide layer) and constituting an excellent bonding base for a paint composition.
- the inventors have thus developed a process for treating a metallic part in at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and their alloys in order to give the part provides protection against corrosion and adhesion properties with respect to a coating composition, such as a paint, said process successively comprising the following steps:
- step b) a step of forming an oxide layer on the part resulting from step a) by subjecting it to anodization or to a chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium.
- the authors of the present invention have gone against a technical a priori consisting in thinking that it is not possible to proceed with the formation of an oxide layer on a part from then on. that it has been previously functionalized with an organic film, the formation of an oxide layer being capable of causing a substantial degradation of the organic film and, at the same time, of the adhesion properties of the latter.
- the authors of the present invention have demonstrated that the formation of the oxide layer takes place at the depth of the part (in particular, when the oxide layer is formed by anodization) and through the organic film previously formed without affecting the integrity thereof, which makes it possible to combine both the corrosion resistance properties linked to the oxide layer and the adhesion properties linked to the organic film.
- the method of the invention is intended for the treatment of a metallic part in at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and the alloys thereof.
- metallic part it is specified that, by metallic part, one understands a part made up of a metallic element with the degree of oxidation 0 possibly in combination with at least one other metallic element with the degree of oxidation 0 and / or another non-metallic element (these combinations corresponding to alloys).
- it may be an aluminum part or one of its alloys, that is to say an alloy in which aluminum is in the majority and is in combination with at least one other element, such as at least one element chosen from copper, manganese, silicon, magnesium, zinc, iron, titanium, chromium and mixtures thereof.
- the part can be made of an aluminum alloy known under the name AI2024-T3, this alloy being particularly used in the aeronautical field because of its good mechanical properties, its composition being that illustrated in the table below. .
- the part intended to be treated according to the method of the invention may also be a part made of titanium or of a titanium alloy, that is to say an alloy in which titanium is predominant and is in combination with at least one other element, such as at least one element chosen from Al, V, C, Fe, O, N and mixtures thereof.
- a piece of titanium alloy is a piece of TA-6V titanium alloy, this type of alloy also being particularly suitable for use in the aeronautical field, for example, to enter into the constitution of structural parts, compressor blades, the composition of this alloy being that illustrated in the table below.
- the part intended to be treated according to the method of the invention may also be a part made of magnesium or of a magnesium alloy, that is to say an alloy in which magnesium is predominant and is in combination with at least one other element, such as at least one element chosen from Th, Zn, Zr and mixtures thereof.
- a particular example of a piece of magnesium alloy is a piece of magnesium alloy named G-Th3 Z2 Zr comprising 3% by mass of thorium, 2% by mass of zinc and 0.7% by mass of zirconium or a magnesium alloy named G- Z5 Th Zr comprising 5% by mass of zinc, 1.8% by mass of thorium and 0.7% of zirconium, these alloys being used, in particular, as foundry alloys, in particular for manufacturing bulky parts of reactors, such as a central casing, a compressor casing.
- the method of the invention comprises, before the step of forming an oxide layer, a step of forming an organic film on the part by reduction of at least one diazonium salt .
- diazonium salt or salts used in step a) can be aryl diazonium salts corresponding to the following formula:
- - Ar represents an aryl group, this aryl group possibly comprising one or more aromatic or heteroaromatic rings condensed or not, this cycle or at least one of these cycles possibly being mono- or polysubstituted;
- the substituent (s) carried by the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or at least one of the aromatic or heteroaromatic rings of the aryl group can be chosen from very numerous chemical groups, these chemical groups being advantageously chosen so as to be able to react, covalently, with at least one chemical group of one of the components of the coating composition (for example, a paint composition) which will be intended to coat the part, when the adhesion between the organic film and the coating deposited subsequently is intended to be done by the formation of covalent bonds.
- the substituent (s) are advantageously also chosen so as to be able to withstand an anodization or chemical conversion treatment without hexavalent chromium.
- the ring carrying the diazonium group is substituted by one or more substituents, these can be located in the ortho, meta or para position relative to the diazonium group.
- the substituent or substituents carried by the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or at least one of the aromatic or heteroaromatic rings of the aryl group can be chosen so as to have a chemical affinity for the coating deposited subsequently, this chemical affinity being able to materialize by an interpenetration phenomenon between the chains of the organic film and those of at least one of the components of the coating.
- the substituent (s) can be chosen from alkyl, haloalkyl groups of the chloro- or fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, aldehyde, hydroxyl, ketone, carbonyl, carboxyl, ester, ether, amine type. amide, nitrile, sulfonic or halogen atoms.
- the group Ar represents a phenyl group optionally substituted by at least one substituent chosen from alkyl, haloalkyl groups of the chloro- or fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, aldehyde, hydroxyl, ketone, carbonyl, carboxyl or ester type, ether, amine, amide, nitrile, sulfonic or halogen atoms. More specifically, the substituent (s) can be chosen from a nitro group, an amide group or an ester group.
- the group Ar can represent a phenyl group substituted with at least one nitro, ester or amide group.
- X is an inorganic anion such as a halide ion such as a bromide (Br), iodide (I) or chloride (CI) ion, a tetrahalobobate ion such as a tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4), a hydrogen sulfate ion (HSO4), a dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4), a nitrate ion (NO3) or even a chlorate ion (CIO3-).
- a halide ion such as a bromide (Br), iodide (I) or chloride (CI) ion
- a tetrahalobobate ion such as a tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4)
- HSO4 hydrogen sulfate i
- organic anion such as an acetate ion (CH3CO2) or a formate ion (HCO2).
- aryldiazonium salts which can be used, mention may be made of phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-methylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluorobrate, 4-carboxyphenyldiazor tetrafluoroborate, tetrafluoretrafluoride 4-bromophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate-4-cyanophenyl tetrafluorobutyl chloride, 4-bromophenyl chloride , 4-heptadecylfluorooctylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-acetamido-phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate and 4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate.
- the aryl group of the aryldiazonium salt is a phenyl group, optionally carrying one or more substituents.
- the aryl group of the aryldiazonium salt is a phenyl group substituted by a nitro group, an ester group or an amide group.
- step a) is carried out with a single aryldiazonium salt, such as a 4-nitrophenyldiazonium salt, a 4-carboxymethylphenyldiazonium salt or a 4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium salt.
- a single aryldiazonium salt such as a 4-nitrophenyldiazonium salt, a 4-carboxymethylphenyldiazonium salt or a 4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium salt.
- the aryldiazonium salt (s) used in step a) is (are), conventionally, included in a solution comprising at least one solvent, which solution is brought into contact with the part to be treated with a view to the formation of the organic film by reduction of the aryldiazonium salt.
- the solvent can be a polar protic solvent, for example, water, acetic acid, an alcohol solvent, such as methanol, ethanol, a liquid glycol (for example, ethylene glycol) and mixtures thereof or may be a polar aprotic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran or a mixture thereof.
- a polar protic solvent for example, water, acetic acid, an alcohol solvent, such as methanol, ethanol, a liquid glycol (for example, ethylene glycol) and mixtures thereof
- a polar aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran or a mixture thereof.
- the solvent can be water, in which case the solution can be described as an aqueous solution.
- the pH can advantageously be less than 7 and, conventionally less than or equal to 2.5, so as to ensure the stability of the aryldiazonium salt or salts, which is particularly good at acidic pH.
- the pH of the solution can be fixed at the desired value by adding to the solution a strong acid, and more particularly, a strong inorganic acid, sulfuric acid H2SO4, hydrochloric acid HCl, nitric acid HNO3, hydrofluoric acid, chromic acid, phosphoric acid and mixtures thereof.
- an acidic aqueous solution in addition to facilitating the solubilization and the stability of the aryldiazonium salt (s), can help to remove, if necessary, the passivation layer existing on the surface of the metal part, which passivation layer is conventionally an oxide layer formed spontaneously when the metal part is exposed to air and can thus interfere with the formation of the organic film.
- the aryldiazonium salt (s) may be present in the solution at a concentration ranging from 10 5 to 1 mol / L, specifically from 10 4 to 5 * 10 1 mol / L, more specifically from 10 3 to 10 1 mol / L and, more specifically still, from 5 * 10 3 to
- the solution may further include additives, such as corrosion inhibitors, such as benzotriazole or hydroquinone.
- additives such as corrosion inhibitors, such as benzotriazole or hydroquinone.
- the aryliazonium salt or salts used in step a) can also be included in a gel, which also comprises at least one gelling agent.
- a chemical system consisting of a three-dimensional network consisting of gelling agent (s) (which can also be qualified as compound (s) with property (s) colloidal (s)) forming a matrix (which constitutes a solid continuous phase), within which a liquid phase is trapped (in this case, the liquid phase trapped within the matrix comprises, conventionally, the salt aryldiazonium).
- the gels used in the methods of the invention can comprise, as gelling agent (s) (or compound (s) with colloidal property (s)):
- polysaccharides for example, chosen from agaroses, chitosans, xanthans, carrageenans, guar gums and mixtures thereof;
- the gelling agent or agents used for implementing the method of the invention are polysaccharides of the guar gum family or are gelatins.
- the quantity of gelling agents will be chosen as a function of the viscosity desired for the gel, which may in particular be dependent on the deposition technique adopted for bringing the gel into contact with the metal part, at the surface of which one wishes to form a film.
- the liquid phase included in the gel conventionally comprises one or more solvents, in which the aryliazonium salt or salts are conventionally dissolved.
- the liquid phase included in the gel can consist of an acidic aqueous solution comprising the aryliazonium salt (s), advantageously, in a dissolved form.
- an acidic aqueous solution mention may be made of an aqueous solution comprising at least one strong acid, such as those already mentioned above in the context of the description of the solution.
- the gel can be integrated into different application devices (for example, an application pen, a tube or a device of the "roll-on” type) and can have its composition adapted depending on the needs and the desired result (for example, by the choice of the gelling agent (s), the aryl diazonium salt (s), the aryl diazonium salt concentration (s), the duration of contacting);
- the gel brought into contact a first time can be removed after having acted and repositioned on another part or on another place of the same part , this withdrawal and repositioning can be reiterated, as soon as the initial concentration of the gel in active species (in this case, here, the aryldiazonium salt or salts) is sufficient.
- the aryldiazonium salt or salts can be used in combination with at least one monomer which can be polymerized by the radical route, that is to say a monomer capable of polymerizing.
- the monomer or monomers which can be used are preferably soluble monomers in the proportions used in the solution or the liquid phase of the gel.
- the monomer (s) can be, in particular, specifically chosen with at least one functional group of interest capable of reacting, covalently, with at least one chemical group of one of the components of the coating composition (for example, a composition of paint) which will be intended to coat the part, when the adhesion between the organic film and the coating deposited subsequently is intended to be by formation of covalent bonds.
- polymerizable monomer (s) can correspond to the following formula (I):
- the groups R 1 to R 4 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; an alkyl group (for example, a C1-C6 alkyl group) optionally substituted (for example, by an -OH group, an epoxy group or a nitrile group); an aryl group; a heterocyclic group; a group -COOR 'with R' representing a hydrogen atom, a monovalent cation or an alkyl group (for example, a C1-C6 alkyl group), which alkyl group being optionally substituted (for example, by a group -OH , an epoxy group or a nitrile group); a nitrile group; a carbonyl group; an amine group or an amide group.
- the monomer (s) of formula (I) can be monomers for which:
- one of the groups R 1 to R 4 is a group -COOR 'with R' being a hydrogen atom, such as acrylic acid;
- R 1 to R 4 is a group -COOR 'with R' being an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl group, such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate , n-propyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxy-n-propyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, ethyl crotonate;
- one of the groups R 1 to R 4 is a nitrile group, such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, crotononitrile, cyanoacrylates;
- one of the groups R 1 to R 4 is an amide group, such as acrylamide, N- (2-aminoethyl) methacrylamide;
- one of the groups R 1 to R 4 is an aryl group, such as styrene
- one of the groups R 1 to R 4 is a heterocyclic group, such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-vinylpyridine.
- the polymerizable monomer (s) can correspond to the following formula (II):
- the groups R ' 1 and R' 2 together represent a cyclic group and the groups R ' 3 and R' 4 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; an alkyl group (for example, a C1-C6 alkyl group) optionally substituted (for example, by an -OH group, an epoxy group or a nitrile group); an aryl group; a heterocyclic group; a group -COOR 'with R' representing a hydrogen atom, a monovalent cation or an alkyl group (for example, a C1-C6 alkyl group), which alkyl group is optionally substituted (for example, by an -OH group, an epoxy group or a nitrile group); a nitrile group; a carbonyl group; an amine group or an amide group.
- R' representing a hydrogen atom, a monovalent cation or an alkyl group (for example, a C1-C6 alky
- the groups R ' 1 and R' 2 can together form a heterocyclic group, such as a cyclic anhydride group, an example of a monomer corresponding to this specificity being itaconic anhydride.
- the step of forming an organic film on the part by reduction of at least one aryl diazonium salt in accordance with the process of the invention can comprise the following operations:
- the operation of bringing the arydiazonium salt into contact can be carried out by any techniques of bringing a solution or a gel into contact with a surface, as long as these allow contact with the part to be treat.
- the contacting operation can be carried out by immersing the part in the solution or else by spraying the solution onto the part, for example, by means of an electrostatic gun.
- the operation of bringing the gel into contact with the part to be treated can be carried out by any deposition techniques compatible with a gel and, in particular, by one of the following techniques :
- doctor blade coating also known by the English name “doctor blade coating”
- the duration of contact can generally be very short, for example, of the order of a few minutes (for example, 2 minutes).
- the reduction operation for its part, is manifested by the reduction of the diazonium cations of the aryldiazonium salt (s), whereby aryl radicals are formed, which radicals react, covalently, with the surface of the part to be treating, to form an organic film of aryl groups on this surface, this organic film which can be qualified as a polyarylene film.
- aryl radicals are formed, which radicals react, covalently, with the surface of the part to be treating, to form an organic film of aryl groups on this surface, this organic film which can be qualified as a polyarylene film.
- the reduction operation is also manifested by the reduction of the diazonium cations of the aryldiazonium salt (s), whereby aryl radicals, which radicals react, covalently, with the surface of the part to be treated, to form an organic film of aryl groups on this surface, these aryl radicals also making it possible in this context to initiate the radical polymerization reaction of the polymerizable monomers, the resulting organic film thus being a copolymer.
- This reduction operation can be spontaneous, that is to say occurring at the simple contact of the part to be treated, in which case it takes place concomitantly with the contacting operation, this reduction not requiring external application.
- a reduction potential to the part to be treated in order to reduce the aryldiazonium salt and also not requiring the presence of a chemical reducing agent in solution this operation being suitable for parts having an open circuit potential, it that is to say a potential spontaneously adopted during an implementation contact with the aryliazonium salt or salts, this potential being sufficiently reducing to ensure the spontaneous reduction of this or these salts.
- Parts suitable for this type of spontaneous reduction are, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy parts.
- the reduction operation can be carried out by electrografting, that is to say by applying a reduction potential to the part to be treated, this operation can be carried out in an electrolysis cell, comprising at least one cathode ( provided by the part to be treated) constituting the working electrode and an anode.
- the reduction operation can be carried out by chemical reduction, that is to say by the action of a chemical reducing agent, for example, hypophosphorous acid (H 3 PO 2 ), ascorbic acid, hydroquinone or iron (for example, in powder form), which chemical reducing agent is added to the solution comprising the aryl diazonium salt (s).
- a chemical reducing agent for example, hypophosphorous acid (H 3 PO 2 ), ascorbic acid, hydroquinone or iron (for example, in powder form), which chemical reducing agent is added to the solution comprising the aryl diazonium salt (s).
- the method can include a step of stripping the part to be treated, this step of stripping can consist of eliminating the layer of native oxide present on the surface of the piece, for example, by bringing into contact of this piece with an acid solution.
- This etching step can take place, simultaneously with step a), when step a) is carried out in an acid medium.
- the process may also include, before step a), a step of cleaning the part, so as to remove the impurities present on the surface of the part, this cleaning step possibly consisting in bringing the part into contact with ethanol, sodium bicarbonate solution or any surface degreasing agent.
- the organic film obtained at the end of step a) is a grafted organic film, that is to say bonded covalently to the surface of the part.
- the organic film has a porosity, which makes it possible to envisage the production of an oxide layer through the porosity of the organic film, the formation of this oxide layer taking place essentially at depth in the case of anodizing treatment or by forming an oxide layer which precipitates in the pores left free of the organic film in the case of treatment by chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium, the organic film and the oxide layer possibly being nested one inside the other, the corrosion resistance not being, in any case, impacted by the presence of the organic film.
- the organic film can be qualified as a primary adhesion film, that is to say a film which allows penetration and anchoring, for example by covalence, of the coating composition intended to coat the part.
- the part resulting from this formation stage a) is subjected to a stage of formation of an oxide layer on the part resulting from stage a) by subjecting it to anodization. or chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium.
- the part resulting from step a) is subjected to anodization, this treatment being particularly suitable for parts made of aluminum, titanium or an alloy thereof.
- anodization is an electrolytic process which consists in increasing the thickness of the oxide layer naturally present on the surface of the part (for example , the layer of alumina present on the surface of the part, when the latter is based on aluminum or the layer of titanium oxide present on the surface of the part, when the latter is based on titanium) .
- the part from step a) can be placed in an electrolysis cell comprising an acidic aqueous solution, said part fulfilling the anode function, a potential difference between the anode and the cathode being applied. so as to generate an electrolysis of the water present in the tank, for example, ranging from 2 to 20 V.
- the potential difference will be chosen at a value high enough to allow this electrolysis but at a value which does not exceed that which could cause destruction or deterioration of the organic film formed during step a). Preliminary tests for the choice of the appropriate potential difference can be carried out depending on the film.
- anodizations the sulfuric anodization, implementing the use of sulfuric acid, making it possible to obtain an oxide layer which may have a thickness which can range from 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m ;
- the sulfo-tartaric anodization implementing the combined use of sulfuric acid and tartaric acid, making it possible to obtain an oxide layer which may have a thickness which can range from 1 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m;
- the oxalic anodization implementing the use of oxalic acid allowing the production of an oxide layer having a thickness not exceeding a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the method of the invention may comprise a sealing step, that is to say a step aimed at filling all or part of the pores of the oxide layer formed.
- This clogging step can consist in subjecting this layer to hot water (for example, deionized water at a temperature above 80 ° C., for example, ranging from 80 ° C. to 100 ° C.) thus leading, when the layer is based on alumina, with the formation of alumina monohydrate (or boehmite), this formation being accompanied by an increase in volume which contributes to the filling of the pores of the layer making it thus impermeable.
- This clogging step by the means implemented, can be qualified as hydrothermal clogging.
- nickel salt and more particularly with nickel acetate
- nickel salt which causes, in addition to the hydration of the oxide layer, incorporation into the layer of nickel salt, which hydrolyzes and precipitates in the form of hydroxide Ni (OH) 2 , which contributes to the filling of the pores of the layer;
- the oxide layer formed is made on the surface of the part through the organic film previously formed and, more specifically, through the porosity of the latter, the final part obtained at the end of the process comprising:
- a metallic part made of at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and the alloys thereof, this metallic part remaining from the original part;
- this oxide layer on the surface of this part from step b), this oxide layer including a lower part of the organic film and being from the anodization treatment;
- the part resulting from step a) can be subjected to a chemical conversion step without hexavalent chromium, which is particularly suitable for parts based on aluminum or based on magnesium.
- This step of chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium can be carried out by bringing the part coated with the organic film into contact with a chemical conversion solution without hexavalent chromium such as one of the following solutions:
- a chemical conversion solution to chromium (III) such as the commercial solutions Metalast (comprising BF4, Zr4 + , F and Cr 3+ ions), Alodine T5900 (comprising l ⁇ 2ZrF6, HBF4, SO4 2 ions , Cr 3+ ), Lanthanum 613, Socosurf TCS or SurTec 650 (including hexafluorozirconate ions (ZrF 6 2 ), Cr m ions (sulfates / nitrates), sodium fluoride and surfactants), the layer of oxide formed comprising at least zirconium oxide, ZrÜ2 , this technique using a chemical conversion solution to chromium (III) being particularly suitable for parts based on aluminum;
- a chemical conversion solution to molybdate for example, a chemical conversion solution comprising molybdate ions M0O4 2 , the oxide layer formed possibly comprising in particular molybdenum oxide M0O3, this technique using a chemical conversion solution to molybdate being particularly suitable for parts based on aluminum or based on magnesium;
- a chemical conversion solution to permanganate for example, a solution comprising AI (NÜ3) 3 and potassium permanganate, the oxide layer formed possibly comprising MnO 2 and AI 2 O 3 , this technique using a solution of chemical conversion to permanganate being particularly suitable for aluminum-based parts;
- the oxide layer formed by chemical conversion techniques without hexavalent chromium can have a thickness ranging from 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
- the duration of contact with the chemical conversion solution will be fixed as a function of the temperature, possibly of the concentration of the solution (for example, in Cr (lll) for the chemical conversion solutions to chromium (INI), to molybdate. for chemical conversion solutions to molybdate, to permanganate for chemical conversion solutions to permanganate ... etc) so as to obtain an oxide layer sufficiently thick to ensure effective corrosion resistance.
- concentration of the solution for example, in Cr (lll) for the chemical conversion solutions to chromium (INI), to molybdate. for chemical conversion solutions to molybdate, to permanganate for chemical conversion solutions to permanganate ... etc
- the duration of contact with a SurTec 650 solution at a temperature of 35 ° C can be 4 minutes.
- the oxide layer formed is made on the surface of the part through the organic film previously formed and, more specifically, through the porosity thereof, the final part obtained at the resulting from the process comprising:
- a metallic part made of at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and the alloys thereof, this metallic part remaining from the original part;
- this oxide layer on the surface of this part from step b), this oxide layer encompassing a lower part of the organic film and comprising at least one oxide of an element of the chemical conversion solution;
- the oxide layer and the organic film can be nested one inside the other, the oxide layer being able, in particular, to partially overcome the organic film.
- step a) and step b) above can be implemented simultaneously.
- the invention also relates to a method of treating a metallic part with at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and the alloys thereof in order to give the part a protection against corrosion and adhesion properties with respect to a coating composition, said method comprising the following steps:
- step b) a step of forming an oxide layer on the part resulting from step a) by subjecting it to chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium
- step a) and step b) being implemented simultaneously.
- This embodiment supposes the preparation either of a solution comprising the diazonium salt or salts necessary for the formation of the organic film and the additive (s) necessary for the chemical conversion without hexavalent chromium or either of a gel comprising these same elements.
- the parts obtained have excellent adhesion properties with respect to a coating composition, such as a paint, thanks to the formation of the organic film constituting an adhesion primer and excellent resistance properties to corrosion thanks to the formation of the oxide layer, these parts obtained also being particularly stable, which makes it possible to store them before considering applying to the organic film serving as adhesion primer a coating composition, such than a painting.
- a coating composition such as a paint
- this coating composition will be chosen according to the capacity of at least one of its components to react covalently with groups of the organic film (which groups are derived from the diazonium salt (s) used and / or, if appropriate, from the polymerizable monomer (s) used in combination with the diazonium salt (s)) or at least as a function of the capacity of at least one of its components to exhibit an affinity (for example by interpenetration) with the organic film to form a strong adhesion between the organic film and the coating composition.
- groups of the organic film which groups are derived from the diazonium salt (s) used and / or, if appropriate, from the polymerizable monomer (s) used in combination with the diazonium salt (s)
- an affinity for example by interpenetration
- it When it is a paint, it may be a primary paint, that is to say a paint intended to form an undercoat on which a finishing paint will be deposited, this undercoat. layer being intended to improve the adhesion of the finishing paint. It may, for example, be an epoxy, vinyl, acrylic or polyurethane primer. More specifically, it may also be a water-based primer, such as P60 type epoxy paint (which corresponds to a water-soluble epoxy primer based on strontium chromate).
- a primary paint that is to say a paint intended to form an undercoat on which a finishing paint will be deposited, this undercoat. layer being intended to improve the adhesion of the finishing paint.
- It may, for example, be an epoxy, vinyl, acrylic or polyurethane primer. More specifically, it may also be a water-based primer, such as P60 type epoxy paint (which corresponds to a water-soluble epoxy primer based on strontium chromate).
- the invention thus relates to a process for applying a coating composition, such as a paint, to a metal part made of at least one metal element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and alloys of these successively comprising the following stages:
- a step of applying to the part resulting from the previous step a coating composition, such as a paint.
- the invention relates to a part capable of being obtained by the treatment process or the application process as defined above, this part, when it comes from the treatment process, comprising the following elements:
- a metallic part composed of at least one metallic element chosen from aluminum, titanium, magnesium and the alloys thereof;
- the part resulting from the application process comprises, in addition to the elements mentioned above, a coating layer deposited on the organic film.
- the oxide layer and the organic film can be nested one inside the other, in particular when the treatment is a chemical conversion treatment without hexavalent chromium.
- FIG. 1 in the appendix is a photograph of a top view of the part obtained in the context of example 1.
- FIG. 2 in the appendix is a graph illustrating, for parts of Example 1, the evolution of l / L f (corresponding to the current normalized at the probe, that is to say the ratio between the current measured nearby of the substrate and the current measured far from the substrate, i.e. at a distance sufficient for the substrate not to influence the measurement) as a function of D (in pm), namely the distance traveled by the probe to the surface of the substrate (the probe / substrate distance does not not not varying in this case, l. nf being measured beforehand), the curve a) corresponding to the untreated part, the curve b) corresponding to the part coated with an organic film before anodization and the curve c) corresponding to the part coated with the organic film and anodized.
- D in pm
- FIG. 3 in the appendix is a graph illustrating, for parts of example 1, the XPS spectrum of the level Cls (signal intensity I in arbitrary units ua as a function of the binding energy E (in eV)), the curve a) being relative to the part coated with an organic film before anodization and the curve b) being relative to the part coated with an organic film and anodized.
- FIG. 4 in the appendix is a graph which illustrates, for parts of example 1, the XPS spectrum of the level Nls (signal intensity I in arbitrary units ua as a function of the bond energy E (in eV)), the curve a) being relative to the part coated with an organic film before anodization and curve b) being relating to the part coated with an organic film and anodized.
- FIG. 5 in the appendix is an infrared spectrum (intensity I in arbitrary units ua as a function of the number of waves N (in cm 4 )) for pieces of example 1, curve a) being relative to the piece coated with an organic film before anodization and curve b) to the part coated with an organic film and anodized.
- FIG. 6 in the appendix is an infrared spectrum (Transmittance T (in%) as a function of the number of N waves (in cm 4 )) for parts of Example 4, curve a) being that relating to the part obtained in accordance to the method of the invention, the curve b) relating to the second part, the curve c) to the third part and the curve d) to the control part.
- FIG. 7 in the appendix is a graph which illustrates, for parts of Example 4, the XPS spectrum of the level Zr3d (signal intensity I in arbitrary units u.a as a function of the binding energy E (in eV)).
- FIG. 8 in the appendix is a graph which illustrates, for parts of Example 4, the XPS spectrum of the level Nls (signal intensity I in arbitrary units ua as a function of the binding energy E (in eV)).
- the present example illustrates the implementation of the process of the invention with a part made of an aluminum alloy (AI2024-T3) consisting in firstly forming an organic film by grafting a diazonium salt and then, in a second step, to associate this film with a thick layer of alumina obtained by anodization carried out through the organic film, the organic film being able to provide an adhesion primer function for the subsequent application of a paint and the clogged alumina layer offering optimal protection against corrosion.
- AI2024-T3 aluminum alloy
- the alloy part Before the grafting step, the alloy part is subjected to cleaning by immersion in ethanol.
- the part is then immersed, by its lower half, in a solution obtained beforehand by adding a diazonium salt (4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, symbolized by the abbreviation NBDT) in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid 1 M (1 L), the concentration of 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate thus being 3.7 * 10 3 M, the immersion being carried out for 2 minutes at room temperature.
- a diazonium salt 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate
- the part is then rinsed with distilled water for 5 minutes and then dried in the open air for two hours.
- the piece thus dried is subjected to an anodization treatment and, to do this, is placed in a cell with three electrodes, in which the piece fulfills the function of working electrode, while the reference electrode is an electrode Ag / AgCI and the counter electrode is a platinum electrode, the electrolyte being an aqueous acidic solution of sulfuric acid IM.
- a potential difference of 4V between the working electrode and the counter electrode is applied for 1 hour at room temperature.
- a photograph of a top view of a part obtained is shown in Figure 1 attached, which clearly distinguishes the following three parts:
- -part 1 corresponds to the aluminum alloy part (which has not undergone treatment);
- -part 2 corresponds to the anodized part, that is to say from the anodization treatment (but not grafted with an organic film);
- part 3 corresponds to the organic film grafted during the grafting step and which has also undergone the anodization treatment (this part having thus been subjected to a process in accordance with the invention).
- the evolution of the surface conductivity was monitored by scanning electrochemical microscopy with a sample not yet treated, a sample coated with an organic film (before anodization) and a sample coated with an organic film and anodized, that is to say a sample according to the invention.
- the results are shown in FIG. 2, which illustrates the evolution of l / f as a function of D (in pm), the curve a) corresponding to the untreated part, the curve b) corresponding to the part coated with a organic film before anodization and curve c) corresponding to the part coated with the organic film and anodized. It appears that after the deposition of the organic film, the surface conductivity increases.
- organic film is not altered by the anodization treatment, which is confirmed by the XPS results presented in Figures 3 and 4 respectively.
- the curves obtained for the part coated with an organic film before anodization and for the part coated with an organic film and anodized are strictly superimposed, which confirms the absence alteration of the organic film after anodization.
- the atomic percentage values of the elements C, O, N and Al are also similar for the part coated with an organic film before anodization and for the part coated with an organic film and anodized.
- this example illustrates the feasibility of the process of the invention, by demonstrating the possibility of carrying out an anodization treatment on an aluminum alloy part coated with an organic film, without this organic film being affected. by this anodizing treatment.
- the purpose of the present example is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the process of the invention concerning the corrosion resistance of the parts obtained.
- a first part was prepared according to the process of the invention according to the following methods.
- an aluminum alloy part (AI2024-T3) is subjected to cleaning by immersion in ethanol.
- the part is then immersed in a solution obtained beforehand by adding a diazonium salt (4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, symbolized by the abbreviation NBDT) in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid 1 M (1 L), the 4- tetrafluoroborate concentration nitrophényldiazonium thus being of 3.7 * 10 3 M, the immersion being carried out for 2 minutes at room temperature.
- a diazonium salt (4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, symbolized by the abbreviation NBDT)
- NBDT a diazonium salt
- the part is then rinsed with distilled water for 5 minutes and then dried in the open air for two hours.
- the part thus dried is subjected to an anodization treatment and, to do this, is placed in a cell with three electrodes, in which the part fulfills the function of working electrode, while the reference electrode is an electrode.
- Ag / AgCI and the counter electrode is a platinum electrode, the electrolyte being an aqueous acidic solution of sulfuric acid IM.
- a potential difference of 14V between the working electrode and the counter electrode is applied for 1 hour at room temperature.
- the part thus anodized was then sealed by subjecting it to soaking in water at 98 ° C for 1 hour.
- the part having undergone a clogged anodization is coated with a layer of paint P60 + F70 by spraying it and then is placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes.
- This paint composition is obtained beforehand by mixing a solution containing an epoxy prepolymer (DGEBA) and a solution containing an amino hardening agent (triethylenetetramine).
- a second part was prepared by subjecting it to the same conditions as those set out above except that it has not been subjected to an anodization treatment.
- a third part was prepared by subjecting it only to the clogged anodizing treatment as defined above.
- the test applied is the filiform corrosion test according to standard EN NF 3665.
- This test consists in producing incisions on the surface of the part considered then in applying hydrochloric acid to these incisions for 1 min.
- the part considered is then placed in a controlled atmosphere for 960 hours, then the corrosion propagation is evaluated.
- the tests carried out within the framework of this patent were carried out by the Pourquery laboratory in Lyon (approved and independent laboratory). In our case, the tests are validated if the average majority length m of the filaments produced on either side of the incisions is less than 2mm, which makes it possible to enter the requirements of the specifications of many principals.
- the purpose of the present example is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the process of the invention concerning the adhesion properties of the parts obtained in accordance with the process of the invention vis-à-vis a paint.
- a first part was prepared according to the process of the invention according to the following methods.
- an aluminum alloy part (AI2024-T3) is subjected to cleaning by immersion in ethanol. Then the part is then immersed in a solution obtained beforehand by adding a diazonium salt (4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate (carrying an amide group) or 4-carboxymethylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate (carrying an ester group) in an aqueous solution of 1 M sulfuric acid (1 L), the diazonium salt concentration being 3.7 * 10 3 M, the immersion being carried out for 2 minutes at room temperature.
- a diazonium salt (4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate (carrying an amide group) or 4-carboxymethylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate (carrying an ester group)
- the part is then rinsed with distilled water for 5 minutes and then dried in the open air for two hours.
- the piece thus dried is subjected to an anodization treatment and, to do this, is placed in a cell with three electrodes, in which the piece fulfills the function of working electrode, while the reference electrode is an electrode Ag / AgCI and the counter electrode is a stainless steel electrode, the electrolyte being an aqueous acid solution of sulfuric acid IM.
- a potential difference of 14V between the working electrode and the counter electrode is applied for 1 hour at room temperature.
- the part thus anodized was then sealed by subjecting it to soaking in water at 98 ° C for 1 hour.
- the part having undergone a clogged anodization is coated with a layer of paint P60 + F70 by spraying it, then is placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes, to initiate the polymerization of the epoxy prepolymer and the crosslinking of the epoxy groups with the curing agent.
- the diazonium salts were chosen with the idea of forming covalent bonds between the paint and the organic film. More specifically, the diazonium salts are chosen so as to comprise at least one group capable of reacting with a component of the paint, namely in our case either with the epoxy prepolymer or with the amine hardening agent.
- the diazonium salt is 4-carbamoylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate
- the -NH2 group is capable of reacting with an epoxide group of the prepolymer.
- the diazonium salt is 4-carboxymethylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate
- the ester group is capable of reacting with an amine group of the curing agent.
- a second part was prepared by subjecting it to the same conditions as those set out above except that it has not been subjected to an anodization treatment.
- a third part was prepared by subjecting it only to the clogged anodizing treatment as defined above.
- This paint adhesion test is a grid test carried out using an Elcometer 107 claw, having claws of 1mm spacing, then applying a standardized adhesive which will be removed dryly. There are different levels of acceptance. However, it is desirable to obtain a type 0 adhesion in dry and wet adhesion, that is to say no paint starting after removal of the adhesive to show the positive impact of the organic coating applied.
- diazonium salts presented in this example are given by way of example. It is of course possible to envisage a multitude of different diazonium salts, provided that these have at least one group capable of reacting, covalently, with at least one component of the paint.
- the present example illustrates the implementation of the process of the invention with a part made of an aluminum alloy (AI2024-T3) thus consisting in firstly forming an organic film by grafting a diazonium salt and then , in a second step, to associate this film with a thick layer of oxide formed through the organic film obtained by a chemical conversion technique without chromium VI, the organic film ensuring an adhesion primer function for the subsequent application paint and the oxide layer providing optimal corrosion protection.
- AI2024-T3 aluminum alloy
- the alloy part Before the grafting step, the alloy part is subjected to cleaning by immersion in ethanol.
- the part is then immersed, by its lower half, in a solution obtained beforehand by adding a diazonium salt (4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, symbolized by the abbreviation NBDT) in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid 1 M (1 L), the concentration of 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate being 3.7 * 10 3 M, the immersion being carried out for 2 minutes at room temperature.
- the part is then rinsed with water and dried with compressed air.
- the coated part is then immersed for 4 minutes at 35 ° C in a Surtec 650 solution previously diluted in water (according to a Surtec 650 / Water ratio: 20/80), the Surtec 650 solution comprising hexafluorozirconate ions (ZrF 6 2 ), Cr m ions (sulfates / nitrates), sodium fluoride and surfactants, the hexafluorozirconate ions constituting the majority ingredient, the pH of the resulting mixture being fixed at 3.9.
- a Surtec 650 solution previously diluted in water (according to a Surtec 650 / Water ratio: 20/80)
- the Surtec 650 solution comprising hexafluorozirconate ions (ZrF 6 2 ), Cr m ions (sulfates / nitrates), sodium fluoride and surfactants, the hexafluorozirconate ions constituting the majority ingredient, the pH of the resulting mixture
- the part thus treated is rinsed with water and dried with compressed air.
- a second part was prepared by subjecting it to the same conditions as those set out above except that it was not subjected to a treatment with diazonium salt but only to a treatment with the Surtec 650 solution. .
- a third part was prepared by subjecting it to the same conditions as those set out above except that it was not subjected to treatment with the Surtec 650 solution but only with the diazonium salt.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 which illustrate respectively:
- the zirconium spectrum of FIG. 7 makes it possible to deduce the presence of zirconium up to 3 atomic%.
- the above example was carried out in two stages. It is however possible to carry out the two deposits simultaneously by preparing a solution containing both the diazonium salt and the SURTEC 650.
- the diazonium salt is in this case simply added to the 20% vol solution. of SURTEC 650 previously described.
- the pH can be fixed at 3.9, which is sufficiently acidic to allow the pickling of the native alumina layer and to trigger the spontaneous grafting of the diazonium.
- a gel can be used to deposit the organic film, the trivalent conversion layer or both simultaneously.
- a gelling agent can be added to the solution containing the diazonium salt and / or to the solution of SURTEC 650 (for example, xanthan). If it is desired to carry out the two deposits simultaneously, the diazonium salt and the gelling agent can be added to the SURTEC 650 solution.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1872018A FR3088936B1 (fr) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Procédé de traitement d’une piece metallique specifique en vue d’ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion et ses proprietes d’adhesion a une composition de revetement, telle qu’une peinture |
| PCT/FR2019/052819 WO2020109724A1 (fr) | 2018-11-28 | 2019-11-27 | Procede de traitement d'une piece metallique specifique en vue d'ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion et ses proprietes d'adhesion a une composition de revetement, telle qu'une peinture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3864191A1 true EP3864191A1 (fr) | 2021-08-18 |
Family
ID=66690462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19868185.0A Pending EP3864191A1 (fr) | 2018-11-28 | 2019-11-27 | Procede de traitement d'une piece metallique specifique en vue d'ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion et ses proprietes d'adhesion a une composition de revetement, telle qu'une peinture |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3864191A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3088936B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020109724A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2804973B1 (fr) * | 2000-02-11 | 2002-09-20 | Univ Paris 7 Denis Diderot | Materiau metallique dont la surface est modifiee, son procede de preparation et utilisation du materiau modifie |
| FR3014116A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Primaire d'adherence pour peinture |
| WO2018114371A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-28 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Composition contenant des ions diazonium pour le prétraitement anticorrosion de pièces métalliques |
| EP3392373A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-24 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Compositions comprenant des amines aromatiques primaires destinées au prétraitement de protection anti-corrosion de composants métalliques |
-
2018
- 2018-11-28 FR FR1872018A patent/FR3088936B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-11-27 EP EP19868185.0A patent/EP3864191A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-11-27 WO PCT/FR2019/052819 patent/WO2020109724A1/fr not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020109724A1 (fr) | 2020-06-04 |
| FR3088936B1 (fr) | 2021-05-28 |
| FR3088936A1 (fr) | 2020-05-29 |
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