EP3862244A1 - Kühlsystem und zugehöriges verfahren zum nachweis von verschmutzung - Google Patents

Kühlsystem und zugehöriges verfahren zum nachweis von verschmutzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3862244A1
EP3862244A1 EP21155391.2A EP21155391A EP3862244A1 EP 3862244 A1 EP3862244 A1 EP 3862244A1 EP 21155391 A EP21155391 A EP 21155391A EP 3862244 A1 EP3862244 A1 EP 3862244A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling system
predetermined
fouling
power supply
temperature sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21155391.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3862244B1 (de
Inventor
Christophe AUDEMAR
Bertrand Chauchat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport Technologies SAS filed Critical Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Publication of EP3862244A1 publication Critical patent/EP3862244A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3862244B1 publication Critical patent/EP3862244B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling system, for example for a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle.
  • Ventilation rates can be affected by phenomena related to fouling. These phenomena can occur at the level of the cooling system itself or at the level of particulate filters when these are present.
  • the decrease in ventilation flow results in a decrease in the performance of the cooling system.
  • To remedy this drop in performance it is necessary to carry out maintenance operations which are for example cleaning and / or replacement of the filter.
  • the operation can be very expensive and represent a significant cost for the operator.
  • a first maintenance strategy is corrective maintenance, which consists of doing nothing until the drop in performance has an impact on functionality or even breakage.
  • a second maintenance strategy is systematic maintenance, which consists in carrying out maintenance operations spaced out over time by predefined periods.
  • a third maintenance strategy is predictive maintenance, which consists in directly or indirectly controlling the cooling efficiency automatically and regularly in order to carry out the maintenance operation as late as possible without the function being affected. This third strategy is generally to be favored in economic terms.
  • a vane anemometer or other types of device such as a hot film or a hot ball.
  • these types of sensors are not intended to be permanently mounted on rolling stock, for example railways, which is more in an environment liable to be polluted, for example by particles and / or dust, or even dust. 'water.
  • the aim of the invention is thus in particular to provide a system for detecting fouling of a cooling system, the detection system being simple, robust and suitable for prolonged use in a vehicle, for example railroad.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising a cooling system as described above.
  • the vehicle may optionally include the following characteristic: the vehicle comprises at least one electrical or thermal equipment, the cooling system being suitable for cooling the equipment or forming part of the equipment, the equipment being for example an electric converter, a air / water exchanger, an air conditioning system, or a traction system.
  • a vehicle 10 according to the invention is illustrated in figure 1 .
  • the vehicle 10 is for example a railway vehicle.
  • the vehicle 10 is a road transport vehicle, for example a bus or a coach.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a cooling system 12 according to the invention.
  • the vehicle 10 also typically comprises at least one electrical or thermal equipment 14.
  • the equipment 14 has at least one operating configuration, in which it is suitable for implementing a predetermined function, and a stop configuration, in which the predetermined function is not implemented by the equipment 14.
  • the passage of the equipment 14 from the stop configuration to the operating configuration, and / or vice versa can be controlled by an operator.
  • the predetermined function is for example a function of transfer of energy, in particular electrical, hydraulic, fuel, air volumes or energy transfer. mechanical.
  • the predetermined function is also as a variant a function of energy storage or transformation.
  • the predetermined function depends on the nature of the equipment 14.
  • the equipment 14 is thus for example an electric converter, an air / water exchanger, an air conditioning system, or a traction system.
  • the cooling system 12 is suitable for cooling the equipment 14.
  • the cooling system 12 forms part of the equipment 14.
  • the cooling system 12 is shown in the figure 1 .
  • the cooling system 12 comprises a pipe 16, a device 18 for producing an air flow in the pipe 16, and a system 20 for detecting a clogging of the cooling system 12.
  • fouling is understood to mean any phenomenon which degrades, by worsening over time, the correct operation of the cooling system 12 with respect to the circulation of air in the pipe 16.
  • Line 16 extends along a guideline.
  • the pipe 16 defines an internal volume 22 in which circulates the air flow produced by the production device 18.
  • the production device 18 comprises for example a fan 24.
  • the production device 18 is configured to produce the air flow at a predetermined ventilation temperature, the predetermined ventilation temperature being for example controllable by an operator.
  • the device 18 for producing the air flow is advantageously configured to produce the air flow independently of the configuration of the equipment 14.
  • the production device 18 is preferably configured to produce the air flow even when the equipment 14 is in its shutdown configuration.
  • the detection system 20, illustrated on figure 2 comprises a finned radiator 26, a power supply device 28 and a processing unit 30.
  • the pipe 16 is shown schematically in cross section with respect to its guideline.
  • the radiator 26 includes a base 32, a plurality of fins 34, a heater 36 and a temperature sensor 38.
  • the radiator 26 is mounted on the pipe 16.
  • the base 32 is for example received in a through opening 40 of the pipe 16 in a sealed manner, so as to prevent any loss of the air flow circulating in the pipe 16.
  • the base 32 has any shape.
  • the base 32 is thermally conductive.
  • a thermally conductive element is meant that the element has a thermal conductivity, for example greater than 100 W / (m.K).
  • the base 32 is for example made of aluminum.
  • the fins 34 extend from the base 32 protruding.
  • the fins 34 are thermally conductive.
  • a heat transmitted to the base 32 by the heating member 36 is suitable for being transmitted to the fins 34 by thermal conduction.
  • the fins 34 are arranged inside the pipe 16, for example entirely inside the pipe 16.
  • the fins 34 are thus able to evacuate a heat transmitted by the base 32 in the internal volume 22 of the pipe 16.
  • the air flow produced by the production device 18 is suitable for exhibiting a nominal local flow rate circulating in the fins 34 of the radiator 26, when the cooling system 12 is not clogged.
  • the position of the radiator 26 along the pipe 16 is chosen as a function of the geometry of the pipe 16 so that, when the cooling system 12 is not clogged, the nominal local flow rate circulating in the fins 34 is stable and has a substantially constant value.
  • the local flow circulating in the fins 34 of the radiator 26 decreases as a function of fouling of the cooling system 12.
  • the electric power supply device 28 of the radiator 26 is configured to supply the heater 36 with a predetermined electric power supply.
  • the electrical supply device 28 of the radiator 26 is for example permanently placed in the vehicle 10 and is configured to supply other electrical systems of the vehicle 10.
  • the power supply device 28 is thus electrically connected to the heating member 36.
  • the power supply device 28 when mounting the cooling system 12, the power supply device 28 is already present in the vehicle 10.
  • the finned radiator 26 is mounted on the pipe 16 and the heater 36 is electrically connected to the device. power supply 28.
  • the heater 36 is able to heat the base 32 to a predetermined heating temperature as a function of said predetermined electric power supply.
  • the heating member 36 comprises, for example, an electric resistance 42 supplied by the predetermined electric power supply.
  • the heater 36 is in this example attached to the base 32, and in contact with it.
  • the heater 36 is placed outside the pipe 16.
  • the temperature sensor 38 is configured to measure a temperature of the base 32, in particular at a predetermined point on the surface of the base 32.
  • the temperature sensor 38 is for example analog.
  • the temperature sensor 38 is placed outside the pipe 16.
  • the predetermined point is then outside of pipe 16.
  • the radiator 26 has thermal resistance to the removal of heat from the heater by the fins 34.
  • the thermal resistance is a characteristic whose value depends in particular on a local flow rate of the air flow circulating in the fins 34 according to a decreasing monotonic curve.
  • the curve has a first region in which an absolute value of a derivative of the curve is greater than a predetermined threshold, and a second region in which an absolute value of a derivative of the curve is less than the predetermined threshold.
  • the absolute value of the derivative of the curve, over the entire flow range is between a maximum value and a minimum value, the predetermined threshold being greater than 50% of the maximum value.
  • the curve is chosen such that the nominal local flow rate circulating in the fins 34, when the cooling system 12 is not clogged, is included in the first region.
  • the predetermined threshold is preferably chosen such that, in the first region, a decrease of 5% of the nominal local flow rate implies a decrease of at least 5%, preferably of at least 10%, in the thermal resistance of the radiator. 26.
  • the temperature sensor 38 is able to detect a slight drop in the local flow, given that this is accompanied by a strong variation in thermal resistance and therefore a strong variation in the temperature of the base 32.
  • the processing unit 30 is connected at least to the temperature sensor 38 and to the supply device 28.
  • the processing unit 30 is for example permanently placed in the vehicle 10 and is connected to other electrical systems of the vehicle 10.
  • the processing unit 30 comprises a processor 44 and a memory 46.
  • the processing unit 30 when mounting the cooling system 12, the processing unit 30 is already present in the vehicle 10.
  • the temperature sensor 38 of the finned radiator 26 is electrically connected to the processing unit 30.
  • the processor 44 is suitable for executing modules contained in the memory 46, in particular an operating system allowing the conventional operation of a computer system.
  • the memory 46 comprises various memory areas, notably storing a detection module 48 suitable for managing the detection of a fouling of the cooling system 12 as detailed below.
  • the memory 46 also stores, for example, the thermal resistance curve of the radiator 26.
  • the memory 46 furthermore stores, for example, a mathematical model or a database relating a local flow rate of the air flow circulating in the fins 34 to the predetermined electric power supply supplied by the power supply device 28 and to the temperature. measured by temperature sensor 38.
  • the mathematical model is for example an empirical model determined upstream of the installation of the cooling system 12.
  • the memory 46 also stores a theoretical local flow rate that is not fouled, the value of which is representative of the nominal local flow rate circulating in the fins 34, when the cooling system 12 is not fouled.
  • the detection module 48 is produced in the form of software stored in the memory 46 and able to be executed by the processor. 44.
  • the detection module 48 is produced at least partially in the form of a programmable logic component, or else in the form of a dedicated integrated circuit, included in the detection system 20.
  • the processing unit 30, by means of its detection module 48, is configured to detect a fouling of the cooling system 12, as a function of the predetermined supply electric power supplied by the supply device and of the temperature measured by temperature sensor 38.
  • the detection module 48 is configured to control the power supply to the heating member 36 with the predetermined electric power supply supplied by the electric power supply device 28.
  • This control is implemented when the production device 18 produces an air flow in the pipe 16, and preferably so that the heating temperature is higher than the predetermined ventilation temperature.
  • the detection module 48 is configured to determine a local flow rate of the air flow circulating in the fins 34 as a function of the predetermined supply electrical power supplied by the supply device 28 and of the measured temperature. by temperature sensor 38.
  • the detection module 48 is configured to acquire the predetermined electrical power supply and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 38 and to use said mathematical model or the database stored in the memory 46.
  • the detection module 48 is then configured to detect the fouling by comparing the determined local flow rate with the theoretical non-fouled local flow rate stored in the memory 46.
  • the fouling is detected if the determined local flow rate is lower by a predetermined threshold compared to the theoretical non-fouled local flow rate.
  • the detection module 48 is then preferably configured to send an alert signal to an operator, when clogging is detected.
  • the operator is then able to intervene to carry out a maintenance operation in order to reduce or remove the clogging.
  • the detection module 48 is configured to implement the detection of fouling when the equipment 14 is in its stop configuration, and, if the equipment 14 is not the vehicle's traction system, when the traction system is stopped.
  • the detection module 48 is configured to implement the detection of the fouling repeatedly at predetermined time intervals, each detection being implemented when the equipment 14 is in the shutdown configuration.
  • the method comprises providing the cooling system 12 and preferably the vehicle 10 including the cooling system 12.
  • the method then comprises monitoring the fouling of the cooling system 12.
  • This control step is for example implemented by the detection module 48 described above.
  • the fouling control step comprises the production of an air flow in the pipe 16, by the production device 18.
  • the heater 36 is then supplied with the predetermined electric power supply and the base 32 is heated by the heater 36 to the predetermined heating temperature.
  • the fouling control step comprises measuring the temperature of the base 32 by the temperature sensor 38.
  • the fouling control step then comprises the detection of a fouling of the cooling system 12, as a function of a comparison between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 38 and the predetermined heating temperature of the heating member. 36, as described in more detail above.
  • the fouling control step is implemented when the equipment 14 is in the stop configuration.
  • control step is further preferably carried out when the equipment 14 is in its stop configuration, and, if the equipment 14 is not the vehicle's traction system, when the system traction is stationary.
  • the fouling control step is repeated at predetermined time intervals, each fouling control step being carried out when the equipment 14 is in the shutdown configuration.
  • the detection system 20 of the invention is also suitable for prolonged use in a vehicle 10. In fact, the system is not sensitive to possibly humid and polluted environments.
  • the almost real-time knowledge of the fouling state of the cooling system 12 then makes it possible to program the maintenance operations as needed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
EP21155391.2A 2020-02-07 2021-02-05 Kühlsystem und zugehöriges verfahren zum nachweis von verschmutzung Active EP3862244B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2001207A FR3107028B1 (fr) 2020-02-07 2020-02-07 Système de refroidissement et procédé de détection d’encrassement associé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3862244A1 true EP3862244A1 (de) 2021-08-11
EP3862244B1 EP3862244B1 (de) 2022-07-20

Family

ID=70154748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21155391.2A Active EP3862244B1 (de) 2020-02-07 2021-02-05 Kühlsystem und zugehöriges verfahren zum nachweis von verschmutzung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3862244B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3107028B1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06278453A (ja) * 1993-03-24 1994-10-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd 車両用空調装置
JPH10314527A (ja) * 1997-05-21 1998-12-02 Calsonic Corp エアフィルタの目詰まり検出装置
EP0908341A1 (de) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-14 Chausson Service Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feststellung vom Luftfilterzustand in einer Heizungs- und/oder Klimaanlage des Fahrgastraumes eines Kraftfahrzeuges
FR3063250A1 (fr) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-31 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Appareil de chauffage, ventilation et/ou climatisation pour vehicule automobile comportant au moins un canal de circulation d'un flux d'air
EP3470292A1 (de) * 2016-06-10 2019-04-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Fahrzeugklimatisierungsvorrichtung und verstopfungsdetektionssystem für fahrzeugklimatisierungsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06278453A (ja) * 1993-03-24 1994-10-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd 車両用空調装置
JPH10314527A (ja) * 1997-05-21 1998-12-02 Calsonic Corp エアフィルタの目詰まり検出装置
EP0908341A1 (de) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-14 Chausson Service Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feststellung vom Luftfilterzustand in einer Heizungs- und/oder Klimaanlage des Fahrgastraumes eines Kraftfahrzeuges
EP3470292A1 (de) * 2016-06-10 2019-04-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Fahrzeugklimatisierungsvorrichtung und verstopfungsdetektionssystem für fahrzeugklimatisierungsvorrichtung
FR3063250A1 (fr) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-31 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Appareil de chauffage, ventilation et/ou climatisation pour vehicule automobile comportant au moins un canal de circulation d'un flux d'air

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3862244B1 (de) 2022-07-20
FR3107028A1 (fr) 2021-08-13
FR3107028B1 (fr) 2022-02-18

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