EP3851582A1 - Discharge device, in particular drain cup or spout - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drain device, preferably a drain cup (1) for a drain, in particular for a bridge drain or high and industrial building ceiling drain, or a spout for sealing drainage, the drain device having an inlet opening (3) and designed to accommodate a cover (5) has an outlet opening (4) connected to the inlet opening (3), the drainage device consisting of hardened cement-based material, the drainage device having a compressive strength of at least 110 N / mm ².

Description

The invention relates to a drainage device, the drainage device having an inlet opening designed to accommodate a cover and an outlet opening connected to the inlet opening. In particular, the drainage device can be a drainage cup for a drainage, in particular for a bridge drainage or high-rise and industrial building ceiling drainage, or a spout for sealing drainage.

Drainage trays are known from the prior art, which are intended to be used for bridge drainage pots and bridge sealing drains, among other things. Bridge drains are part of the bridge drainage and ensure the drainage of surface water and the water that has penetrated up to the bridge seal. The most important construction elements are the bridge drains, the bridge sealing drains and a pipeline system made up of connecting and collecting lines. The bridge drain consists of an upper part (stacking frame with inlet grille) and a lower part - the actual drain pan with a pipe connection piece. The sealing drainage consists of the so-called grommet with pipe connection pieces and a cover, which should prevent the penetration of asphalt into the drainage and allow drainage of the sealing level. The drainage trays can, however, also be used for draining flat roofs, garages, etc. in structural and industrial construction.

Currently, drainage trays are made of cast iron, stainless steel (bridge construction) or plastic (structural and industrial construction) and are used accordingly. The bond between these materials and the enveloping concrete, which diminishes over time, as well as damage in the contact area with the liquid or bituminous seal attached to the drain lead to leaks and circumferences in the immediate vicinity of the drain and thus also to damage to the structure (e.g. bridge or roof) due to corrosion of the adjacent reinforcement and concrete spalling.

The durability (corrosion resistance) of the cast iron is also not within the desired range due to the high load from the running water, including de-icing agents, and leads to shorter lifetimes of the processes (eg "spongiosis"). The service life of the plastic built-in parts is also limited by an embrittlement process due to UV exposure. The use of stainless steel drain pans is great expensive. There is no solution to the problem of the decreasing adhesive bond or the fatigue failure of the bituminous seal, the corrosion of the cast iron material and the embrittlement of plastics.

Replacing the processes and repairing the damage that has occurred are associated with a high level of effort and expense. Defective drainage basins are replaced with considerable effort and impairment of use approximately every 20 years (i.e. at least three times during the service life of a bridge). Such an interval is economically advantageous for the manufacturers of conventional drainage basins, but the costs for the infrastructure operator and the national economy, with all secondary effects in addition to the pure costs for the renovation, are very considerable, although these are difficult to estimate.

It is therefore the object of the invention to create a drain device which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned.

This object is achieved by a drain device, preferably a drain cup for a drain, in particular for a bridge drain or high and industrial building ceiling drain, or spout for sealing drainage, the drain device having an inlet opening designed to accommodate a cover and an outlet opening connected to the inlet opening, which is designed as a pipe connection piece, the drainage device consisting of hardened cement-based composite material, preferably of ultra-high-strength concrete, with a compressive strength of at least 110 N / mm ² . The compressive strength can, for example, be measured using the test methods specified in the EC 2 (Eurocode 2) standard for normal concrete.

The present invention on the one hand reduces maintenance and consequential damage costs and on the other hand increases the robustness of building structures (including bridges and flat roofs) over their service life. The service life of a drainage device made of cement-based composite material is significantly longer than that of a drainage device made of cast iron and is estimated to be around four times as long. The life cycle costs for repairs during the service life of a bridge can be significantly reduced by using the drainage device according to the invention. Extensive damage to the drainage system itself and consequential damage to the adjacent structure are effectively prevented.

The drainage device according to the invention can also be manufactured as a prefabricated part in the concrete plant, regardless of the weather, with high accuracy and consistent quality.

In addition, the choice of material means that the drainage device has such a low weight that the drainage device can be carried by one person from a discharge point to an installation point without excessive stress, so that this results in a further advantage. The density of the drainage device can be, for example, 2,000-2,600 kg / m ³ . Regardless of this, the wall thickness of the drainage device can be 1.0 - 2.5 cm.

For the drainage device according to the invention, it is further advantageous if the cement-based composite material comprises fibers, preferably plastic fibers or else carbon and steel fibers, which further increases the material properties of the drainage device. In particular, the fibers have a high tensile strength, which in particular further improves the tensile load behavior of the drainage device. By using fibers to reinforce the material used, the risk of flaking during delivery and assembly as well as over the service life is largely avoided. The use of plastic fibers can also reduce the risk of injury during assembly.

The drainage device particularly preferably has a greater roughness on its outside than on its inside. The surface quality of the drainage device according to the invention ensures a correspondingly good bond between the drainage device and the structural concrete on the outside of the drainage device and a permanent and tight connection of the sealing system on the flanges. The inside is smooth in order to be able to drain away the accumulating water as quickly as possible and to be able to prevent impurities such as dust, sand, abrasion, etc. from sticking over a long period of time.

In particular, to achieve greater roughness, the drainage device can be open-pored or structured on its outside and closed-pored on its inside. The open-pore or structure on the outside ensures a further improved bond between the drainage device and the structural concrete, while the closed-pore prevents the penetration of water.

In order to achieve the desired roughness on the outside, it can be provided that the outside of the drainage device is cleaned using a blasting process (e.g. sand, High-pressure water jets) or structured by inserting a matrix into the outer formwork, whereby an adhesive bond with normal concrete can be achieved that is about 10 times higher than is known for drainage devices made of cast iron.

Particularly for use in bridge structures, it is preferred if a bitumen sealing membrane is placed on the drainage device. In order to achieve a particularly good connection to the drainage device, the inlet opening of the drainage cup is designed as a flange which has a surface facing away from the second opening for bonding to a bitumen sealing membrane. The inlet opening of the drain device, which is designed as a flange, also provides a good base for a tight connection in other sealing systems.

Since the drainage device according to the invention is generally used in a supporting structure made of concrete, it is preferred if the thermal material properties of the drainage device essentially correspond to the material properties of normal concrete.

Furthermore, the drainage device according to one of the above-mentioned embodiments is preferably already inserted into a supporting structure, so that furthermore a system according to the invention comprising a supporting structure, preferably a bridge supporting structure or high or industrial building ceiling, made of normal concrete, preferably reinforced normal concrete, and one in a recess in the supporting structure used drainage device is provided. In the assembled state, this system has the advantages which are described above for the drainage device according to the invention.

• Figur 1 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Ablauftasse in einem eingebauten Zustand in einem Brückentragwerk in einer Schnittansicht.
• Figur 2 zeigt die Ablauftasse von Figur 1 in einer ersten Perspektivansicht von oben.
• Figur 3 zeigt die Ablauftasse von Figur 1 in einer zweiten Perspektivansicht von unten.

Advantageous and non-limiting embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

• Figure 1 shows the drain cup according to the invention in an installed state in a bridge structure in a sectional view.
• Figure 2 shows the drain cup from Figure 1 in a first perspective view from above.
• Figure 3 shows the drain cup from Figure 1 in a second perspective view from below.

Figure 1 shows a drainage device which, in the embodiment shown, is shown as a drainage cup 1 inserted in a bridge structure 2. The bridge structure 2 usually consists of normal concrete, but could in general also consist of another building material. The drain cup 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG Embodiment shown for use in a bridge structure could also be provided in a building ceiling, an underground car park and multi-storey car park ceiling or some other essentially horizontal structural element. In yet other embodiments, the drainage device can be designed as a spout for sealing drainage. All the embodiments explained below for the drain cup 1 can also be provided for the spout.

According to the invention, it is provided that the drainage cup 1 consists of cement-based composite material, preferably ultra-high-strength concrete, with a compressive strength of at least 110 N / mm ² . This gives the drainage cup 1 increased durability, a better adhesive bond with the structural concrete and the sealing system, and a significantly lower weight compared to the cast iron constructions that are currently mainly used. Furthermore, a very thin wall thickness, for example 1.0-2.5 cm, can be achieved for the drainage cup 1.

The cement-based composite material (ultra-high-strength concrete) is composed, for example, of the following components: - 600 - 800 kg cement - 80 - 120 kg Microsilica - 200 - 400 kg Quartz powder - 900 - 1,300 kg Quartz sand / basalt chippings - 150 - 200 kg water - 15-20 kg Superplasticizer - and fibers optionally ∘ 5 - 15 kg Plastic fibers (polymer fibers) ∘ 20 - 40 kg Carbon fibers ∘ 80 - 160 Steel fibers

The composite material thus achieves a density of 2,000 - 2,600 kg / m ³ .

From the Figures 2 and 3 it can be seen that the drainage cup 1 has an inlet opening 3 and an outlet opening 4 connected to the inlet opening 3, so that the drainage cup 1 forms a converging funnel from the inlet opening 3 to the outlet opening 4. Liquids flowing into the inlet opening 3 can therefore flow through the drainage cup 1 and exit through the outlet opening 4. The inlet opening 3 is preferably larger than the outlet opening 4.

In the specific embodiment shown in the Figures 1 to 3 the drainage cup 1 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical about an axis A, so that the inlet opening 3 and the outlet opening 4 are circular. For example, the inlet opening can have an outside diameter (flange outer edge) of 58 cm, an inside diameter (funnel) of 38 cm and the outlet opening an outside diameter (for the socket diameter of the connecting pipe) of 20 cm, the inside diameter generally depending on the wall thickness. In other embodiments, the inlet opening 3 and the outlet opening 4 could, however, also have an oval or angular design, as a result of which the drainage cup 1 can also assume a correspondingly different shape.

Coming back to Figure 1 it can be seen that the drainage cup 1 is designed in the area of the inlet opening 3 to accommodate a commercially available cover 5, which is intended to prevent the penetration of asphalt into the drainage cup 1 or a drain connected to it. In addition, the inlet opening can be closed in such a way that it is safe to walk on and drive over it. For this purpose, the drainage cup 1 in the area of the inlet opening 3 can advantageously be designed as a flange 6, which has a surface 7 facing away from the outlet opening for bonding to bitumen or plastic-based sealing sheets or liquid sealing systems. The surface 7 extends in a plane which is normal to the named axis A of the drain cup 1. The flange 6 can moreover be designed with openings 8 for fastening 9.

In the area of the outlet opening 4, the drainage cup 1 is designed as a pipe connection piece and assumes a cylindrical shape over a length L which, for example, corresponds to a connection length for commercially available sewer pipe sleeves. The pipe socket connection is formed in one piece, i.e. monolithically, on the drainage cup 1. The outer diameter D of the drainage cup 1 is also preferably designed in such a way that it is compatible with commercially available sewer pipe sleeves.

Depending on the embodiment, the drainage device can thus comprise a flange on the inlet opening, a funnel between the inlet opening and outlet opening and a pipe connection piece on the outlet opening. In the embodiment of the spout, the funnel is usually made shorter than in the case of the drainage cup 1.

The drain cup 1 has, as shown, an outside 10 and an inside 11, wherein the drain cup 1 can have a greater roughness on its outside 10 than on its inside 11, so that the drain cup 1 can be easily connected to the supporting structure 2 and on the one hand on the other hand, can drain water well. For example, for this purpose the drainage cup 1 can be open-pored on its outside 10 and closed-pored on its inside 11. In order to achieve this, the outer surface 10 of the drainage cup 1 can be structured by inserting matrices into the outer formwork or processed by means of a blasting process (eg sandblasting, high-pressure water blasting). In other embodiments, however, the outer surface could also be untreated and flatly smooth.

The drain cup 1 can be prefabricated in a production line at the factory, taking into account the application, in its desired geometry (length of drain connection, fastening elements for stacking frames, etc.), desired surface properties (smooth or rough) and number of pieces. The formwork required for this can be precisely manufactured with CNC technology, 3D printing or the like, whereby it preferably consists of a dimensionally stable material in order to be able to guarantee the reusability of the formwork and the accuracy. The prefabricated formwork can be treated with common formwork oil.

The formwork produced in this way can subsequently be filled with hardenable cement-based material which, after a waiting time and / or heat treatment, hardens ^{to the aforementioned cement-based composite material with a compressive strength of at least 110 N / mm 2.} The construction according to the invention can then be brought to the construction site after production and hardening. During delivery, the construction according to the invention can be prevented from being damaged by packaging.

On the construction site, the prefabricated part can be moved in the formwork in the course of the formwork and reinforcement work for the production of the supporting structure. The drainage cup 1 can be placed on the formlining. To connect a pipe socket, a correspondingly large recess is provided on the underside of the supporting structure. The drain cup 1 can, however, also be led down through the formwork with a longer pipe socket.

Due to the monolithic design of the drainage cup 1 and pipe socket, there are no connections or material changes in the structure which could become a weak point and leak. Subsequently, the drainage cup is set up in terms of height and position and secured against floating. This can be achieved with a cover plate that is clamped against the lower formwork with a formwork anchor. That too Sufficient ballast can be added. When the prefabricated part is installed in a sufficiently stable manner, the structural concrete can be poured in. In the area of the drainage cup 1, the concrete must be poured in accordingly carefully and the inclined surfaces under the precast element must be ventilated by carefully shaking. In existing structures, a correspondingly large recess can be made, the drainage cup 1 offset and the remaining cavity between drainage cup 1 and structure 2, after this has been sealed on the underside, filled with a grouting mortar. Pre-treatment of the finished part, such as pre-wetting of the outer surfaces, is not necessary.

Claims (10)

Drainage device, preferably a drainage cup (1) for a drain, in particular for a bridge drain or high and industrial building ceiling drain, or a spout for sealing drainage, the drainage device having an inlet opening (3) preferably designed to accommodate a cover (5) and one with the Having inlet opening (3) connected outlet opening (4),
characterized in that the drainage device consists of cement-based composite material with a compressive strength of at least 110 N / mm ² . The drainage device of claim 1, wherein the drainage device is made of ultra-high strength concrete. Drainage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composite material comprises fibers, preferably plastic fibers. Drainage device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, the drainage device having a greater roughness on its outside (10) than on its inside (11). Drainage device according to Claim 4, the drainage device being of open-pore or structured design on its outside (10) and of closed-pore design on its inside (11). Drainage device according to Claim 4 or 5, the outside (10) of the drainage device being structured by inserting matrices in the outer formwork and / or treated by means of a blasting process, preferably by means of sandblasting or high-pressure water blasting. Drainage device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inlet opening (3) is designed as a flange (6) which has a surface (7) facing away from the outlet opening (4) for bonding to bitumen- or plastic-based sealing sheets or liquid sealing systems. Drainage device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, the thermal material properties of the composite material or of the ultra-high-strength concrete essentially corresponding to the material properties of normal concrete. Drainage device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, the drainage device being designed as a pipe connection piece in the area of the outlet opening (4). System comprising a supporting structure (2), preferably a bridge supporting structure or high and industrial building ceilings, made of normal concrete, in particular reinforced normal concrete, and a drainage device according to one of claims 1 to 9 inserted into a recess of the supporting structure.

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