EP3850157B1 - Topflager für konstruktionen - Google Patents

Topflager für konstruktionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3850157B1
EP3850157B1 EP19783122.5A EP19783122A EP3850157B1 EP 3850157 B1 EP3850157 B1 EP 3850157B1 EP 19783122 A EP19783122 A EP 19783122A EP 3850157 B1 EP3850157 B1 EP 3850157B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pot
bearing according
elastomeric pad
pot bearing
seal
Prior art date
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Application number
EP19783122.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3850157A1 (de
Inventor
Mauro BRENA
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Atlante Srl
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Atlante Srl
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Application filed by Atlante Srl filed Critical Atlante Srl
Priority to HRP20220947TT priority Critical patent/HRP20220947T1/hr
Priority to RS20220754A priority patent/RS63472B1/sr
Priority to SI201930289T priority patent/SI3850157T1/sl
Publication of EP3850157A1 publication Critical patent/EP3850157A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
    • E01D19/047—Pot bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns in general the sector of structural supports for building constructions, and in particular a pot bearing that allows rotation between two elements of a construction.
  • structural supports are generally used that define between two or more parts of the structure slider or hinge constraints, as well as combinations thereof.
  • the bearings have the function of allowing relative movements between the parts of the structure, typically translations and/or rotations, both in exceptional conditions, such as in the case of seismic events, and in normal operating conditions in which such relative movements occur as a result of the weight of the construction, viscous deformations and shrinkage of building materials, thermal actions, as well as actions related to wind and normal use of the construction, such as the effects of traffic in the case of bridges and viaducts.
  • Structural bearings for buildings are codified in technical standards that form the state of the art, such as the European standard EN 1337 “Structural Bearings” or the American standard AASHTO LRFD “Bridge Design Specifications” (8th edition, 2017).
  • Pot bearings consist of a base plate, also called a “pot”, an elastomeric pad, generally in the shape of a disc, accomodated in the base plate, and a top plate, also called a “piston”, which protrudes at least partially inside the base plate and rests on the elastomeric pad.
  • a base plate also called a “pot”
  • an elastomeric pad generally in the shape of a disc, accomodated in the base plate
  • a top plate also called a “piston” which protrudes at least partially inside the base plate and rests on the elastomeric pad.
  • Both the base plate and the top plate are typically made of metal alloys, for example steel.
  • the base plate is normally connected to the substructure (abutment or pillar) and the top plate to the superstructure (deck), although the pot bearings can be used in reverse configuration.
  • the pot bearing allows the superstructure to rotate relative to the substructure by deforming the elastomeric pad.
  • the elastomer accomodated inside the pot is confined in every direction and, under the high pressures to which it is subjected as a result of the vertical load transmitted by the top plate, it deforms, acting as an incompressible fluid, thus allowing the relative rotation between the pot and the top plate around a generic horizontal axis.
  • an internal seal is fundamental, which circumferentially surrounds the rim of the elastomeric disc and prevents the escape of elastomeric material through the clearance between the walls of the pot and the piston, especially in the presence of high stresses due to the vertical loads coming from the superstructure.
  • Pot bearings are generally fitted with an additional external seal, located between the top plate and the top of the base plate, in order to prevent moisture and debris from entering the gap between the two elements.
  • the internal seal is typically inserted between the rim of the elastomeric pad and the wall of the internal cavity of the base plate, usually in an annular-shaped seat formed at the rim of the elastomeric pad, or it can be formed as an integral part of the elastomeric pad during the vulcanization process.
  • the internal seal can be manufactured in one of the following materials: stainless steel, brass, polyoxymethylene (POM), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled with 25% carbon by weight.
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene seal is made from a semi-finished band-shaped product that is calendered around the circumference of the elastomeric pad, and joining the ends of the band, as described in Figure A.1 of the above standard.
  • UHMWPE ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • MFI 190/2.16 melt flow index
  • the characteristics of the internal seal are of fundamental importance for defining the performance and durability of the elastomeric disc bearing.
  • the internal seal prevents the elastomeric material from rising through the clearance between the pot and the piston, it determines the maximum pressure (i.e. the maximum vertical force per unit area) applicable to the pad of elastomeric material.
  • the maximum pressure applicable to the elastomeric pad is 60 MPa.
  • This value depends, in addition to the properties of the internal seal, also on the size of the clearance between the pot and the piston, which according to the technical standard EN 1337-5:2005 must not exceed 0,8 mm when using a PTFE seal with carbon and 1,0 mm for other types of seal.
  • the oscillations of the angle of rotation produced by the variable loads due for example to the passage of vehicles or trains on a bridge or viaduct, produce a sliding of the internal seal on the wall of the internal cavity of the pot, which determines the life of the seal itself.
  • the total distance travelled by the internal seal while maintaining its functionality also referred to in standard EN 1337-5:2005 as the "accumulated slide path" is one of the criteria used to define the useful life of the elastomeric disc bearing.
  • the standard EN 1337-5:2005 defines different values of the accumulated slide path according to the type of internal seal, namely 500 m for stainless steel seals, 1000 m for brass seals and 2000 m for POM and carbon-filled PTFE seals.
  • the accumulated slide path is checked experimentally through a test conducted according to the method described in Annex E of EN 1337-5:2005, and consists in subjecting a pot bearing to a sinusoidal rotation around a horizontal axis with a total amplitude equal to 0,005 radians, i.e. the maximum amplitude of rotation due to the frequent combination of variable loads prescribed by the standard, at a frequency between 0,25 and 2,5 Hz.
  • the rotation frequency is a fundamental parameter for checking the accumulated slide path, since increasing the rotation frequency increases in proportion the sliding speed of the internal seal on the surface of the internal cavity of the pot, leading to an increase in friction and accelerating the wear of the seal itself.
  • the total distance travelled by the internal seal during the service life of the elastomeric disc bearing depends on the amplitude of the rotations due to the variable loads, on the total number of rotations, but also on the dimensions of the elastomeric pad.
  • both the displacement of the internal seal on the wall of the internal cavity of the pot and the speed at which this displacement occurs are proportional to the diameter of the elastomeric pad.
  • increasing the diameter of the elastomeric disc results in a reduction in the total number of rotations that the pot bearing is able to undergo, keeping the other parameters constant, in particular the amplitude and frequency of rotation.
  • Pot bearings have found wide application in road and rail bridges and viaducts thanks to their simplicity, compact size, economy and low maintenance requirements.
  • the EN 1337-5:2005 standard recommends the use of pot bearings with internal seals in POM or PTFE with carbon.
  • the continuous increase in both heavy and light traffic, and the advance of high-speed railway lines have introduced ever higher performance requirements, higher than those that conventional pot bearings can meet.
  • the passage of high-speed trains produces rotational oscillations, at the supports, which occur in very short periods; for example, assuming a train speed between 300 and 350 km/h and a distance between the bogies of a carriage equal to 18,70 m, the frequency of oscillation of the support is between 4,45 and 5,20 Hz.
  • This frequency which is twice as high as the maximum frequency at which the internal seal is checked according to EN 1337-5:2005, leads to a significant increase in the speed of wear of the seal itself, reducing disadvantageously the accumulated slide path compared to the value defined and verified according to the standard.
  • the increase in the size of the elastomeric pad determines a proportional increase in the displacement of the seal during a single rotation, as well as in the speed with which this displacement occurs.
  • EP 2784220 describes a pot bearing with internal POM seal in which the seal material is modified to have a flow index (MFI 190/2.16 according to EN ISO 1133) with a value lower than the range required by the standard.
  • MFI 190/2.16 according to EN ISO 1133
  • This allows to obtain an increase in the contact pressure of the elastomeric pad up to twice the value required by the standard, as well as an increase in the accumulated slide path up to 1,6 times the value required by the standard, but no further advantages are described in terms of increase in the sliding speed that can be withstood by the seals.
  • spherical bearings of the type described in the EN 1337-7:2004 standard "Structural Bearings. Part 7: PTFE spherical and cylindrical bearings", in which the rotation of the bearing is achieved through the rotation of a spherical metal cap inside a concave metal base.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • UHMWPE ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene
  • the idea of a solution underlying this invention is to make the internal seal, preferably of the annular type, of the pot bearing starting from a semi-finished product, such as, for example, a band obtained by drawing, which consists entirely or at least mainly of PTFE modified with the addition of perfluoropropylvinylether (PPVE) in percentages between 0,1% and 0,3% in weight.
  • a semi-finished product such as, for example, a band obtained by drawing, which consists entirely or at least mainly of PTFE modified with the addition of perfluoropropylvinylether (PPVE) in percentages between 0,1% and 0,3% in weight.
  • PPVE perfluoropropylvinylether
  • PTFE modified with PPVE is used in the form of a sheet, obtained from a semi-finished product moulded by compression, and allows to obtain a lower coefficient of friction and a greater resistance to creep than pure PTFE at low temperatures and in particular at temperatures below -35°C and down to -50°C, allowing the application of sliding bearings for the construction sector beyond the limits imposed by current technical standards.
  • PTFE modified with PPVE is instead used for the internal seal of an elastomeric disc bearing, obtained from a semi-finished product consisting of a band, preferably obtained by drawing.
  • the inventor has in fact discovered that the addition of PPVE to PTFE allows the seal to withstand significantly higher sliding speeds than those tolerated by seals manufactured according to EN 1337-5:2005, including those manufactured with PTFE without a modifying agent, at the same time presenting an advantageously lower wear.
  • PPVE PPVE
  • the addition of PPVE as a modifying agent increases the resistance of the internal seal, allowing it to withstand higher pressures on the elastomeric pad than the value defined and verified according to EN 1337-5:2005.
  • the allowable increase in pressure on the elastomeric pad therefore makes it possible to make pot bearings, capable of withstanding high loads, more compact than those defined in EN 1337-5:2005.
  • the pot bearings according to the present invention thanks to the characteristics of increased durability of the internal seal even in the presence of high sliding speeds such as those produced by the passage of trains at high speed, and increased pressure applicable to the elastomeric pad provided by the new internal seal, allow the creation of bearings more compact, less bulky and heavy, and with reduced maintenance requirements, resulting in an advantageous reduction in costs, not only of the bearing but of the entire construction and of its maintenance.
  • the internal seal of the pot bearing according to the present invention can also be lubricated initially with a grease, preferably silicone grease, to reduce the coefficient of friction and increase wear resistance and durability.
  • a grease preferably silicone grease
  • the preferred type of silicone grease is methyl phenyl silicone oil thickened with lithium soap.
  • the internal seal of the pot bearing according to the present invention is inserted between the rim of the elastomeric pad and the wall of the internal cavity of the pot, within a recess formed in the pad rim.
  • the internal seal can be simply inserted into the recess by circumferentially surrounding the pad, or formed as an integral part of the elastomeric pad during the curing process, or even glued with an adhesive to the elastomeric pad.
  • the joint between the two ends of the calendered band from which the seal is obrtained can be made not only according to the type described in Figure A.1 of EN 1337-5:2005, but other embodiments of the joint are also possible.
  • a further advantage of the material used to manufacture the internal seal of the elastomeric disc bearing is the fact that its characteristic properties are scarcely temperature dependent.
  • the requirements defined in EN 1337-5:2005 are met at temperatures between -50°C and +70°C.
  • the pot bearing according to the invention can also be used advantageously in extreme environmental conditions, in which the bearings described in EN 13375-:2005 cannot be used, their range of use being limited between -40°C and +50°C.
  • the pot bearing according to the present invention can be advantageously coupled with a flat sliding element, as described in Part 2 of EN 1337 (EN 1337-2:2004 "Structural bearings. Part 2: sliding elements") or in EP 2784220 (Fig.4), in order to allow translation movements of the superstructure with respect to the substructure, for example movements due to thermal actions resulting from temperature variations or the effects of cable pre-tensioning.
  • One or more sliding guides may be coupled to the flat sliding element, as described in EN 1337-2:2004, to allow the translation movement in one horizontal direction only.
  • the elastomeric pad as an alternative to the disc shape, can have an oval or an annular shape as shown, respectively, in figures 5-7 and figures 8-9 of the above-mentioned EP 2784220 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ein Topflager, umfassend einen Topf, ein Elastomerkissen, das in dem besagten Topf untergebracht ist, eine Platte, die auf dem besagten Elastomerkissen ruht und zumindest teilweise in den Topf hineinragt, und wenigstens eine innenliegende Dichtung, welche umlaufend den Rand des Elastomerkissens umgibt, um eine gleitende Dichtung zwischen der letzteren und dem Topf zu erreichen, wobei die besagte Dichtung vollständig oder größtenteils aus Polytetrafluorethylen besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte Polytetrafluorethylen mit der Zugabe von Perfluorpropylvinylether in einem prozentualen Anteil zwischen 0,1 Gew.-% und 0,3 Gew.-% modifiziert ist.
  2. Ein Topflager gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte Polytetrafluorethylen, das durch die Zugabe von Perfluorpropylvinylether in einem prozentuellen Anteil zwischen 0,1 Gew.-% und 0,3 Gew.-% modifiziert ist, mit Karbon gefüllt ist.
  3. Ein Topflager gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte Polytetrafluorethylen mit Karbon in einem prozentualen Anteil oberhalb von 15 Gew.-% gefüllt ist, vorzugsweise zwischen 20 % und 30 %, weiter bevorzugt sogar mit mehr als 25 %.
  4. Ein Topflager gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtung von einem halbfertigen Erzeugnis erhalten wird, das aus einem Band besteht, vorzugsweise aus einem Band, das durch ein Ziehverfahren gewonnen wurde.
  5. Ein Topflager gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtung mit einem Silikonfett versehen ist, vorzugsweise mit einem lithiumverseiften Methylphenylsilikonöl.
  6. Ein Topflager gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner ein zusätzliches flaches Gleitelement umfasst, um Parallelverschiebungsbewegungen zwischen der Oberkonstruktion und der Unterkonstruktion, welche durch das Lager miteinander verbunden sind, zu ermöglichen.
  7. Ein Topflager gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das flache Gleitelement eine Platte aus Polytetrafluorethylen umfasst, die durch die Zugabe von Perfluorpropylvinylether in einem prozentuellen Anteil zwischen 0,1 Gew.-% und 0,3 Gew.-% modifiziert ist.
  8. Ein Topflager gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner eine oder mehrere Gleitführungen aufweist, um ausschließlich Parallelverschiebungsbewegungen entlang einer einzigen Richtung zu erlauben.
  9. Ein Topflager gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elastomerkissen eine ringförmige Gestalt aufweist mit zwei innenliegenden Dichtungen, die an einem äußeren Umfangsrand bzw. an einem inneren Umfangsrand des Elastomerkissens angeordnet sind.
  10. Ein Topflager gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elastomerkissen eine ovale Form aufweist.
EP19783122.5A 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Topflager für konstruktionen Active EP3850157B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20220947TT HRP20220947T1 (hr) 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Lončasti ležaj za konstrukcije
RS20220754A RS63472B1 (sr) 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Lončasti ležajevi za građevinske konstrukcije
SI201930289T SI3850157T1 (sl) 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Lončno ležišče za konstrukcije

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201800008504 2018-09-11
PCT/IB2019/057615 WO2020053756A1 (en) 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Pot bearing for constructions

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3850157A1 EP3850157A1 (de) 2021-07-21
EP3850157B1 true EP3850157B1 (de) 2022-05-18

Family

ID=64427061

Family Applications (1)

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EP19783122.5A Active EP3850157B1 (de) 2018-09-11 2019-09-10 Topflager für konstruktionen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3850157B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2019340588A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2923591T3 (de)
HR (1) HRP20220947T1 (de)
HU (1) HUE059336T2 (de)
PL (1) PL3850157T3 (de)
PT (1) PT3850157T (de)
RS (1) RS63472B1 (de)
SG (1) SG11202102307XA (de)
SI (1) SI3850157T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2020053756A1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0333893A1 (de) 1988-03-21 1989-09-27 Schwäbische Hüttenwerke GmbH Topflager für Bauwerke, insbesondere Brückenbauwerke
WO2006042571A1 (de) 2004-10-19 2006-04-27 Maurer Söhne Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkstoff, verfahren zur herstellung einer bauteilkomponente, lager und verwendung von werkstoffen in lagern im bauwesen
EP2784220A1 (de) 2013-03-28 2014-10-01 Mageba S.A. Topflager
WO2015136457A1 (en) 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Cave S.R.L. Sliding bearing for constructions

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0333893A1 (de) 1988-03-21 1989-09-27 Schwäbische Hüttenwerke GmbH Topflager für Bauwerke, insbesondere Brückenbauwerke
WO2006042571A1 (de) 2004-10-19 2006-04-27 Maurer Söhne Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkstoff, verfahren zur herstellung einer bauteilkomponente, lager und verwendung von werkstoffen in lagern im bauwesen
EP2784220A1 (de) 2013-03-28 2014-10-01 Mageba S.A. Topflager
WO2015136457A1 (en) 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Cave S.R.L. Sliding bearing for constructions

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"DIN EN 1337-5 Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 5: Topflager//Structural bearing - Part 5: Pot bearings//Appareils d'appui structuraux - Partie 5: Appareils d'appui à pot", DEUTSCHE NORMEN. DIN NORM., vol. 1337-5, 1 July 2005 (2005-07-01), pages 54 pp., XP009172011
ANONYMOUS: "Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 2: Gleitteile", DIN EN 1337-2:2004-07, 1 July 2004 (2004-07-01), XP055465767, [retrieved on 20180410]
ANONYMOUS: "Lager im Bauwesen-Teil 1: Allgemeine Regelungen", DIN EN 1337-1:2001-02, 1 February 2001 (2001-02-01), XP055465741, [retrieved on 20180410]
ANONYMOUS: "SYNTHESO 8002 (Brückenlagerqualität)", KLÜBER LUBRICATION, 3 January 2015 (2015-01-03), pages 1 - 2, XP093029942

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2019340588A1 (en) 2021-04-01
SI3850157T1 (sl) 2022-09-30
HUE059336T2 (hu) 2022-11-28
EP3850157A1 (de) 2021-07-21
HRP20220947T1 (hr) 2022-10-28
PL3850157T3 (pl) 2022-09-26
WO2020053756A1 (en) 2020-03-19
RS63472B1 (sr) 2022-08-31
SG11202102307XA (en) 2021-04-29
PT3850157T (pt) 2022-07-26
ES2923591T3 (es) 2022-09-28

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