EP3849367B1 - Einlegesohle zur verringerung von druckspitzen unter einem fuss - Google Patents

Einlegesohle zur verringerung von druckspitzen unter einem fuss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3849367B1
EP3849367B1 EP19756030.3A EP19756030A EP3849367B1 EP 3849367 B1 EP3849367 B1 EP 3849367B1 EP 19756030 A EP19756030 A EP 19756030A EP 3849367 B1 EP3849367 B1 EP 3849367B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supporting
supporting element
insole
seen
buckling
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19756030.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3849367A1 (de
Inventor
Roy REINTS
Juha Markus Hijmans
Gijsbertus Jacob Verkerke
Klaas POSTEMA
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Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen
Original Assignee
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen
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Publication of EP3849367A1 publication Critical patent/EP3849367A1/de
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Publication of EP3849367B1 publication Critical patent/EP3849367B1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/02—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined wedge-like or resilient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
    • A43B1/0009—Footwear characterised by the material made at least partially of alveolar or honeycomb material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18—Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181—Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/14—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined made of sponge, rubber, or plastic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insole for reducing peak pressures under a foot.
  • insole may refer to a removable or fixed inner sole of a boot or shoe.
  • Reducing peak pressures under feet of various people may be desirable for various reasons. It is, for example, particularly desirable for people with diabetes. The reason is that high peak pressures under the feet of people with diabetes can result in diabetic foot ulcers. These ulcers may eventually lead to (partial) amputation of the affected lower limb. Keeping peak pressures below 200 KPa prevents ulcerations.
  • Custom made insoles are commonly used. In the best situation these are based on a one time pressure measurement. Production processes like 3D printing and CAD have helped with decreasing production costs of these insoles. However, over time pressure spots change due to changes in the foot structure and the insole does not adapt to these changes.
  • US2017348181A1 discloses an insole, which actually does adapt to changes in the foot structure over time.
  • the insole known from US2017348181A1 even effectively adapts to changes in pressure spots, dynamically when the patient walks.
  • This known insole is capable of changing along when pressure spots change during walking.
  • this known insole is very complex, as well as very expensive. The reason is that this known insole has a layer of many modules, wherein each module has many co-operating parts and aspects, such as a deformable cushion with a cavity, a valve, a tank, a pressure sensor, and a feedback loop.
  • WO 2018/115874 A1 discloses a deformable support structure for a human or animal body.
  • the support structure has a network of resilient upstanding partitions or walls.
  • the upstanding partitions are formed such that the partitions resist an applied load in two modes.
  • a first mode involves resilient compression of the upstanding partitions up to a first loading threshold.
  • a second mode involves reversible collapse of the upstanding partitions beyond the first load threshold, for example by buckling or crushing of the partitions.
  • KR 101 869 660 B1 discloses an insole according to the pre-characterizing portion of appended independent claim 1 of the present disclosure.
  • the invention provides an insole according to the appended independent claim 1.
  • Preferable embodiments of the invention are provided by the appended dependent claims 2-7.
  • the invention provides an insole for reducing peak pressures under a foot, wherein the insole has an insole surface in accordance with a width direction and a length direction of the insole, and wherein the insole comprises a plurality of resilient supporting elements, which are distributed over the insole surface for resiliently supporting a foot in a supporting direction, which is transverse to the insole surface, and wherein, for each supporting element of said plurality of supporting elements, the supporting element has an undeformed condition, from which the supporting element is resiliently deformable under influence of an external compressive force, which is exerted on the supporting element in the supporting direction, the supporting element having a supporting surface for receiving said external compressive force, and wherein the supporting element returns into said undeformed condition in reaction to a condition in which said external compressive force vanishes, and wherein the supporting element comprises a resiliently collapsable buckling part designed to have a buckling behaviour such that:
  • the terms “resilient” and “resiliently”, as used throughout the present document in relation to the above-mentioned supporting element, generally refer to the ability of the supporting element to automatically spring back into shape after being compressed in the above-mentioned supporting direction. Said springing back is occurring towards the above-mentioned undeformed condition of the supporting element and is based on spring force provided by the supporting element itself.
  • buckling as used throughout the present document in relation to the above-mentioned supporting element, more particularly as used in relation to the above-mentioned resiliently collapsable “buckling” part having the above-mentioned “buckling” behaviour, is to be understood to mean: angularly bending as a result of a locally abruptly lower bending stiffness of the supporting element.
  • the foot of the user will exert pressure on the insole, the pressure being distributed over the total number of supporting elements that are present.
  • the resulting pressure distributed over the surface of an individual supporting element results in a compressive force proportional to the pressure and surface area of the supporting element. This compressive force causes the supporting element to buckle.
  • the resiliently collapsable buckling part with its buckling behaviour can be noncomplex, easy to produce, durable and reliable.
  • the insole according to the invention automatically and dynamically prevents local peak pressures by redistributing the pressures over a larger number of neighbouring supporting elements.
  • the insole according to the invention provides a highly effective dynamically self-adjusting pressure distribution for reducing peak pressures under a foot.
  • the major feature of the invention i.e. the supporting element as a whole, is realized in a compact, noncomplex, nonexpensive and reliable manner.
  • said plurality of resilient supporting elements is an integrally manufactured one-piece structure.
  • Such an integrally manufactured one-piece structure further contributes to the noncomplex and/or nonexpensive character of the insole.
  • the one-piece structure may for example be made by a 3D printer. However, many various other manufacturing techniques are available as well, for example various 3D layerwise manufacturing technologies, injection moulding technologies, etc.
  • the second force threshold is higher than 10% of the first force threshold and lower than 95% of the first force threshold; more preferably higher than 20% of the first force threshold and lower than 85% of the first force threshold; and yet more preferably higher than 30% of the first force threshold and lower than 75% of the first force threshold.
  • the circumferential buckling wall in collapsed condition of the buckling part is received against the narrowing outer shape of the main supporting portion.
  • the main supporting portion is a solid portion of the supporting element in the sense of not being hollow and not containing spaces or gaps.
  • Such a solid portion further contributes to a favourable deformation behaviour of the supporting element, and it also contributes to a stable supporting behaviour as provided by the supporting element.
  • the hexagonal shape provides the following advantages for providing predictable and reproducible buckling behavior of the supporting elements.
  • the hexagonal shape allows for a maximum of six neighboring elements for each supporting element as opposed to for example a square shape where only a maximum of four neighboring elements may be achieved.
  • the hexagonal shape advantageously maximizes the amount of neighboring elements that can take over the load from a supporting element, the hexagonal shape thus optimally redistributes the pressure over said neighboring supporting elements.
  • the hexagonal shape also allows for an even distance between the outermost boundary contours of adjacent supporting surfaces thus providing a more uniform surface for more effectively redistributing the pressure, as opposed to for example a round shape which would leave more space in-between adjacent supporting elements.
  • hexagonal shape advantageously allows for the largest number of supporting elements distributed over the insole surface, thus maximizing the amount of supporting elements on the insole
  • the insole 1 illustrated by Figs. 1-6 is an insole according to each of the appended independent claims 1-7.
  • the insole 1 has a large plurality of mutually identical supporting elements, generally indicated by the reference numeral 5.
  • Three mutually adjacent ones of these identical supporting elements 5 have more specifically been indicated by the reference numerals 5A, 5B, 5C, respectively.
  • the insole 1 of Fig. 1 further has a number of supporting elements, which are different from said mutually identical supporting elements 5.
  • These different supporting elements are located along the outer circumferential boundary edge of the insole 1. In fact these different supporting elements are truncated versions of the supporting elements 5.
  • all supporting elements of the insole 1 are interconnected with one another via the perimetric buckling walls 8 of their collapsable buckling parts 7 in a manner as shown in Fig. 4 , thereby forming the insole 1 as an integrally manufactured one-piece structure.
  • the integrally manufactured one-piece insole 1 has been manufactured by means of a 3D-printer.
  • Figs. 2-4 show the above-mentioned narrowing outer shape of the main supporting portion 9 of the supporting element 5, as seen in a direction away from the supporting surface 6. More specifically it is seen that, in the shown example, said narrowing outer shape is a frusto-pyramidally narrowing outermost shape.
  • Figs. 2-4 further show that the circumferential buckling wall 8 is widening in a manner as mentioned above. More specifically it is seen that, in the shown example, the perimetric buckling wall 8 is pyramidally widening, as seen in a direction away from the supporting surface 6.
  • the pyramidally widening perimetric buckling wall 8, at least in the undeformed condition of the supporting element 5, is defining a recess of the supporting element 5.
  • the main supporting portion 9, on the other hand, is a solid portion of the supporting element 5 in the shown example.
  • Figs. 1-2 show the above-mentioned hexagonal shapes of the above-mentioned outermost boundary contours of the supporting element 5. More specifically, in the shown example said hexagonal shapes of the outermost boundary contours are occurring along the entire extension range of the supporting element 5 along the central axis 10.
  • Figs. 3A-3C are illustrating the deformation behaviour of the supporting element 5, including the buckling behaviour of the collapsable buckling part 7, under influence of external compressive forces exerted on the supporting surface 6 of the supporting element in the supporting direction.
  • the undeformed condition of the supporting element 5 as shown in Fig. 3A corresponds to a situation in which the external compressive force is absent.
  • the condition of the supporting element 5 as shown in Fig. 3B corresponds to a situation in which the external compressive force is present, but does not exceed the first force threshold F 1 , so that the buckling part 7 of the supporting element has only been deformed slightly, but has not yet collapsed. Accordingly, in Fig. 3B it is seen that the supporting surface 6 has been only slightly displaced relative to its position (indicated by a broken line) that would correspond to the undeformed condition of the supporting element 5.
  • the condition of the supporting element 5 as shown in Fig. 3C corresponds to a situation in which the external compressive force is present, and has exceeded the first force threshold F 1 , so that the buckling part 7 of the supporting element has fully collapsed. That is, in Fig. 3B it is seen that the supporting surface 6 has been displaced over the maximum displacement D max relative to its position (indicated by a broken line) that would correspond to the undeformed condition of the supporting element 5.
  • the buckling part 7 would resiliently expand in such manner that the supporting element 5 would attain a deformation condition similar to that shown in Fig. 3B , or, if the external compressive force would fully vanish, the undeformed condition of Fig. 3A .
  • Fig. 5 in order to further explain the deformation behaviour of the supporting element 5, including the buckling behaviour of the collapsable buckling part 7, under influence of external compressive forces exerted on the supporting surface 6 of the supporting element in the supporting direction.
  • the resilient supporting element 5 has the ability to automatically spring back into shape after being compressed in the supporting direction. Said springing back is based on spring force provided by the supporting element itself. In that sense, the supporting element 5 is for example comparable with a compression spring.
  • a compression spring has a "spring constant", which defines a linear relationship between external compressive force and displacement.
  • the resilient supporting element of the insole of the present invention has a totally different relationship between external compressive force and displacement. This is illustrated by Fig. 5 , wherein the horizontal axis depicts the displacement of the supporting surface 6 of the supporting element 5, between 0 millimeter and D max , and wherein the vertical axis depicts the involved external compressive force, between 0 Newton and F 1 .
  • Fig. 5 shows that at the start of deforming the supporting element 5, there is a more or less linear relationship between external compressive force and displacement.
  • the collapsable buckling part 7 starts to collapse, meaning that the resilient reaction force of the supporting element 5 drastically decreases in combination with a drastically increased displacement, eventually upto the maximum displacement D max .
  • the external compressive force is higher than or equal to the second force threshold F 2 .
  • first and second force thresholds F 1 and F 2 are dependent on various design choices of the supporting element 5.
  • these first and second force thresholds F 1 and F 2 are highly influenceable by the wall thickness of the perimetric buckling wall 8, as well as by the angle between the perimetric buckling wall 8 and the central axis 10 as important design parameters.
  • Fig. 6 in combination with Fig. 4 .
  • the full-line graph could for example indicate an imposed external compressive force exerted on the supporting element 5B of Fig. 4 during a gait cycle performed by a person, wherein the broken-line graph of Fig. 6 indicates the correspondingly resulting displacement of the supporting surface 6 during said gait cycle.
  • the supporting element 5B of Fig. 4 is in fully collapsed condition during a major part of the gait cycle.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates that, when the supporting element 5B is collapsed, the neighbouring supporting elements, such as the elements 5A and 5C of Fig. 4 , in unison will take over the load from the supporting element 5B.
  • Figs. 4 and 6 make clear that local peak pressures under a foot are effectively prevented thanks to the insole 1, since one or more of the collapsable buckling parts of one or more of the supporting elements of the insole 1 will immediately collapse in case the external compressive force exceeds the first force threshold. Thanks to the collapsing of the buckling part(s) concerned high pressures are automatically prevented at the supporting element(s) concerned. At the same time a larger number of neighbouring supporting elements in unison will take over the load from the supporting element(s) concerned. Hence, the insole according to the invention automatically and dynamically prevents local peak pressures by redistributing the pressures over a larger number of neighbouring supporting elements. In other words, the insole according to the invention provides a highly effective dynamically self-adjusting pressure distribution for reducing peak pressures under a foot.
  • Prototypes of the invention were manufactured by Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printers using thermoplastic polyurethane filament.
  • Each supporting element 5 was manufactured with a height of 9 mm, a supporting surface 6 area of 1.46 cm2, a D max of 3.5 mm. Again, specific pressures over the supporting surface 6 will result in proportional values for the force thresholds.
  • F 1 and F 2 are the compressive force measured on the supporting surface, and the corresponding local pressure on the supporting surface at buckling (F 1 ) and springing back (F 2 ). It is noted that these example values were identified by the inventors under laboratory conditions as providing good functionality, but other values for the wall thickness of the circumferential buckling wall 8, the angle between the circumferential buckling wall 8 and the central axis 10 may be identified with further development that also provide equal or better functionality.
  • the width direction 2 and the length direction 3 of the insole are both depicted as straight linear directions. Generally, however, both the width direction 2 and the length direction 3 may also be curved directions, so that also the insole surface of the insole may generally be a two-dimensionally curved surface. In fact the insole 1 of Fig. 1 is a deformable structure in both said directions.
  • the outermost boundary contours of the supporting element 5 have hexagonal shapes.
  • many various other shapes of such outermost boundary contours are also possible according to the invention, such as circular, oval, or otherwise rounded shapes, or triangular, square, or otherwise piecewise linear shapes, etc.
  • one insole according to the invention may comprise different kinds of the supporting elements, having different shapes, collapsing properties, etc., instead of all the same supporting elements.
  • the different kinds of supporting elements may be located in different zones along the support surface of the insole, respectively.
  • an insole according to the invention may be designed both as a custom design and as an off-the-shelf design.
  • an insole according to the invention may not only be beneficial for people with diabetes. It may also be beneficially applied to many various other boots or shoes, such as for example to many various sports shoes.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Einlegesohle zum Verringern von Druckspitzen unter einem Fuß, wobei die Einlegesohle (1) eine Einlegesohlenoberfläche in Übereinstimmung mit einer Breitenrichtung (2) und einer Längsrichtung (3) der Einlegesohle aufweist, und wobei die Einlegesohle mehrere elastische Stützelemente (5, 5A, 5B, 5C) umfasst, die über die Einlegesohlenoberfläche verteilt sind, um einen Fuß in einer Stützrichtung (4), die quer zur Einlegesohlenoberfläche verläuft, elastisch zu stützen, und wobei bei jedem Stützelement der mehreren Stützelemente das Stützelement einen unverformten Zustand aufweist, aus dem das Stützelement unter dem Einfluss einer äußeren Druckkraft, die auf das Stützelement in der Stützrichtung ausgeübt wird, elastisch verformbar ist, wobei das Stützelement eine Stützfläche (6) zur Aufnahme der äußeren Druckkraft aufweist, und wobei das Stützelement (5) als Reaktion auf einen Zustand, in dem die äußere Druckkraft verschwindet, in den unverformten Zustand zurückkehrt, und wobei das Stützelement (5) ein elastisch zusammenklappbares Knickteil (7) umfasst, das so ausgelegt ist, dass es ein Knickverhalten aufweist, bei dem:
    - das Knickteil (7) als Reaktion auf einen Zustand, in dem die äußere Druckkraft einen ersten Kraftschwellenwert (F1) überschreitet, elastisch in der Stützrichtung zusammenklappt, und
    - das Knickteil (7), wenn es so zusammengeklappt wird, sich als Reaktion auf einen Zustand, in dem die äußere Druckkraft unter einen zweiten Kraftschwellenwert (F2) fällt, der niedriger als der erste Kraftschwellenwert (F1) ist, in der Stützrichtung elastisch ausdehnt,
    wobei, gesehen im unverformten Zustand des Stützelements (5), das Knickteil (7) des Stützelements durch eine elastisch verformbare umlaufende oder perimetrische Knickwand (8) gebildet wird, die sich umlaufend oder perimetrisch um eine zentrale Achse (10) des Stützelements erstreckt, wobei die zentrale Achse des Stützelements parallel zur Stützrichtung (4) ist, und
    wobei,
    im unverformten Zustand des Stützelements (5) und in wenigstens einer Querschnittsebene, die die zentrale Achse (10) des Stützelements enthält, gesehen:
    - das Stützelement ferner einen Hauptstützabschnitt (9) umfasst, wobei die Stützfläche (6) eine Außenfläche des Hauptstützabschnitts ist,
    - die umlaufende oder perimetrische Knickwand (8) sich auf einer von der Stützfläche (6) abgewandten Seite des Hauptstützabschnitts (9) befindet, und
    - die umlaufende oder perimetrische Knickwand (8) in wenigstens einem Teilbereich sich entlang der zentralen Achse (10) in einer von der Stützfläche (6) wegweisenden Richtung verbreitert, wie zum Beispiel sich konisch oder pyramidenförmig verbreitert,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass,
    im unverformten Zustand des Stützelements (5) und in wenigstens einer Querschnittsebene, die die zentrale Achse (10) des Stützelements enthält, gesehen:
    - der Hauptstützabschnitt (9) in wenigstens einem Teilbereich entlang der zentralen Achse (10) eine sich verjüngende äußere Form, wie zum Beispiel eine kegelstumpfförmige oder kegelstumpfförmig verjüngende äußerste Form, gesehen in einer Richtung weg von der Stützfläche (6), aufweist.
  2. Einlegesohle nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Vielzahl von elastischen Stützelementen (5) eine ganzheitlich hergestellte einteilige Struktur ist.
  3. Einlegesohle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei:
    - ein auf die Stützfläche (6) des Stützelements (2) ausgeübter äußerer Druck und ein erster Druckschwellenwert für den äußeren Druck so definiert sind, dass sie bei gleichmäßiger Druckverteilung über die Stützfläche proportional jeweils der auf das Stützelement ausgeübten äußeren Druckkraft und dem ersten Kraftschwellenwert (F1) entsprechen, und
    - der erste Druckschwellenwert höher als 100 kPa und niedriger als 300 kPa ist; vorzugsweise höher als 140 kPa und niedriger als 250 kPa; und bevorzugter höher als 180 kPa und niedriger als 200 kPa.
  4. Einlegesohle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der zweite Kraftschwellenwert (F2) höher als 10 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1) und niedriger als 95 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1); vorzugsweise höher als 20 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1) und niedriger als 85 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1); und bevorzugter höher als 30 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1) und niedriger als 75 % des ersten Kraftschwellenwerts (F1) ist.
  5. Einlegesohle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die umlaufende oder perimetrische Knickwand (8) im zusammengeklappten Zustand des Knickteils (7) gegen die sich verjüngende äußere Form des Hauptstützabschnitts (9) aufgenommen wird.
  6. Einlegesohle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Hauptstützabschnitt (9) ein fester Abschnitt des Stützelements (5) in dem Sinne ist, dass er nicht hohl ist und keine Zwischenräume oder Lücken enthält.
  7. Einlegesohle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei:
    - quer verlaufende äußerste Begrenzungskonturen des Stützelements (5) als äußerste Begrenzungskonturen des Stützelements definiert sind, wie sie wenigstens in dem unverformten Zustand des Stützelements gesehen werden, und wie sie in Querschnittsebenen gesehen werden, die an verschiedenen Positionen entlang der zentralen Achse (10) jeweils quer zu der zentralen Achse verlaufen, und
    - wobei wenigstens eine der äußersten Begrenzungskonturen und vorzugsweise alle der äußersten Begrenzungskonturen des Stützelements (5) eine hexagonale Form hat/haben.
EP19756030.3A 2018-09-12 2019-08-15 Einlegesohle zur verringerung von druckspitzen unter einem fuss Active EP3849367B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18193955 2018-09-12
PCT/NL2019/050531 WO2020055238A1 (en) 2018-09-12 2019-08-15 Insole for reducing peak pressures under a foot.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3849367A1 EP3849367A1 (de) 2021-07-21
EP3849367B1 true EP3849367B1 (de) 2022-12-21

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WO (1) WO2020055238A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016075599A1 (fr) 2014-11-10 2016-05-19 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) Système de régulation de pression agissant localement sur la peau et le tissu sous-cutané
US10034516B2 (en) * 2016-02-16 2018-07-31 Nike, Inc. Footwear sole structure
WO2017196899A1 (en) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-16 VICIS, Inc. Impacting absorbing structures in footwear
GB201621769D0 (en) 2016-12-20 2017-02-01 Staffordshire Univ Deformable support structure
KR101869660B1 (ko) * 2017-10-18 2018-06-20 정해경 정형 기능을 가진 안전화용 탄성구조체 및 이를 포함하는 안전화

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EP3849367A1 (de) 2021-07-21

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