EP3844449B1 - Hybrides thermosiphonsystem - Google Patents

Hybrides thermosiphonsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3844449B1
EP3844449B1 EP19854286.2A EP19854286A EP3844449B1 EP 3844449 B1 EP3844449 B1 EP 3844449B1 EP 19854286 A EP19854286 A EP 19854286A EP 3844449 B1 EP3844449 B1 EP 3844449B1
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Prior art keywords
thermosiphon
hybrid
evaporator
refrigeration system
operable
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EP19854286.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3844449A1 (de
EP3844449A4 (de
Inventor
John A. Warren
William Fraser
Bailey Gamble
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Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium
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Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium
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Publication of EP3844449A4 publication Critical patent/EP3844449A4/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0226—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • F24S90/10—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for using thermosiphonic circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/40—Geothermal collectors operated without external energy sources, e.g. using thermosiphonic circulation or heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
    • F24T2010/53—Methods for installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T50/00—Geothermal systems 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • thermosiphon systems relate generally to thermosiphon systems, and in particular, to such systems designed to maintain the stability and integrity of permafrost soils underneath structures.
  • thermosiphon cooling system that combines the advantages of both passive and active cooling for improved overall performance.
  • the improved system would continue to cool passively when air temperatures are sufficiently low, then provide powered active cooling as needed when air temperatures rise above the passive cooling threshold.
  • Examples of a passive-active thermosiphon configured for freezing an area of soil according to the preamble of claim 1 are disclosed in US5327734 A and US5339893 A .
  • Each of these documents discloses a thermosiphon including an evaporator section, a condenser section, and a refrigeration or heat exchange system operable to actively cool the condenser section. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of example embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings depict only certain example embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting in nature.
  • thermosiphon system 10 designed to maintain permafrost levels underneath buildings or structures 14 with minimal energy consumption.
  • the disclosed thermosiphon system 10 may increase the stability of permafrost layers by consistently maintaining the frozen soil levels in such a manner so as to minimize the impact of seasonal cooling and heating. For example, during the cooler seasons when the air temperature is below freezing, the thermosiphon system 10 is able to efficiently maintain the permafrost layer by using the cold air temperature to provide sufficient cooling. When the air temperature rises above freezing during the warmer months, the thermosiphon system 10 provides additional cooling via an active refrigeration system 26 to minimize thawing or degradation of the permafrost layer.
  • thermosiphon system 10 strives to continuously maintain the permafrost layer at a consistent level (e.g., by minimizing thawing) despite seasonal temperate changes to avoid the need to refreeze regions of the permafrost that may have thawed, thereby reducing overall power consumption during the warmer months. Additional details and advantages of the thermosiphon system 10 are discussed below with reference to FIGS. 1-3 .
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates various components of a thermosiphon system 10 designed to maintain the active frost layer 12 in a frozen state to avoid potential degradation and destabilization of the foundation underneath a structure or building 14.
  • the structure 14 may be built upon rock or soil that includes a permafrost layer 8 and an active frost layer 12.
  • the permafrost layer 8 consists of rock and/or soil that remains at or below the freezing point of water such that the layer remains frozen.
  • the active frost layer 12 includes rock and/or soil that freezes and thaws annually due to seasonal and climate changes.
  • the building design and foundation must account for the repeated freezing and thawing cycles of the ground to avoid potential structural integrity issues, which may eventually lead to the structure 14 being unsafe or uninhabitable.
  • the following description provides a brief overview of the components of the hybrid thermosiphon system 10 and their interaction with reference to FIG. 1 , followed by a more detailed discussion relating to the structure and function of the active cooling system 32.
  • the thermosiphon system 10 includes a plurality of thermosiphon evaporator pipes 16 each installed into the ground surface layer 18.
  • the evaporator pipes 16 are arranged generally vertically relative to the ground surface layer 18 and include a lower pipe tail section 20 that extends below the surface layer 18 and into or through the active frost layer 12.
  • Each evaporator pipe 16 is enclosed and houses a refrigerant or cooling fluid (e.g., a gas or liquid) that runs through to the lower pipe tail section 20.
  • thermosiphon system 10 relies on the cold environmental air to cool the refrigerant in the evaporator pipes 16, which in turn extracts heat from the active frost layer 12 via an evaporation process.
  • the refrigerant removes heat from the active frost layer 12 through the lower pipe tail section 20, the vapors of which move upwardly through the evaporator pipe 16 toward a thermosiphon condenser 22. Condensation occurs at the condenser 22, causing the refrigerant to flow downwardly against the walls of the evaporator pipes 16 to continue the refrigeration cycle where the refrigerant continues drawing heat from the soil to maintain the active frost layer 12 in a frozen state.
  • This refrigeration cycle continues to operate in a passive state as long as the air temperature above the ground surface layer 18 is cooler than the temperature of the active permafrost layer 12.
  • thermosiphon condenser 22 can no longer operate passively as described above. In such instances, a supplementary form of refrigeration is required to condense the refrigerant in the vertical portion of the thermosiphon evaporator pipe 16 below the condenser 22 to maintain the active frost layer 12 (and to some extent, the permafrost layer 8) in a frozen condition.
  • the hybrid thermosiphon system 10 further includes a powered active cooling system 32. Additional details of the active cooling system 32 and its components is described in further detail below with collective reference to FIGS. 2-3 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 collectively illustrate details of the active cooling system 32 and its components.
  • the active cooling system 32 includes an insulated evaporator system 24 and a refrigeration system 26 coupled to one another.
  • the following section begins with a description of the insulated evaporator system 24 and its components, followed by a discussion of the refrigeration system 26 and its components and a discussion relating to the interaction of the two systems 24, 26.
  • the insulated evaporator system 24 includes a durable insulated shell 28 that surrounds the evaporator (or heat exchanger) portion 30 of the active cooling system 32.
  • the shell 28 may include two separate shell portions that are removably coupled to one another to enclose the evaporator 30.
  • the shell portions may be coupled in any one of various suitable methods.
  • the evaporator 30 and the shell 28 are installed onto the thermosiphon evaporator pipe 16 below a position of the thermosiphon condenser 22 without need for modification of the thermosiphon or other existing components.
  • a lower portion of the shell 28 is buried into the ground surface layer 18.
  • the refrigeration system 26 includes a durable, weatherproof enclosure 46 housing the electrical and mechanical components of the active refrigeration system.
  • the refrigeration system 26 houses a cooling fluid, such as a mixture of liquid and gas phase refrigerant, which is delivered to the evaporator 30 via the conduits 48 (e.g., flexible piping) at a sufficiently low temperature to cause condensation inside the thermosiphon condenser 22, thereby allowing the thermosiphon system to continue operating in a similar fashion as the passive state described above.
  • a cooling fluid such as a mixture of liquid and gas phase refrigerant
  • the conduits 48 e.g., flexible piping
  • heat from the thermosiphon is transferred to the evaporator 30, evaporating the refrigerant, which then is returned to the refrigeration system 26 via the conduits 48.
  • the refrigeration system 26 condenses the refrigerant and releases the heat to the atmosphere through condensers 50 which are coupled to the refrigeration system enclosure 48 before returning low temperature refrigerant back to the evaporator 30 to continue
  • the refrigeration system 26 may be coupled to vertical supports 54 adjacent the evaporator system 24. In other embodiments, the refrigeration system 26 may be coupled directly to the evaporator system 24 along the shell 28.
  • the conduits 48 include self-sealing quick disconnect fittings 36 to connect the evaporator system 24 and refrigeration system 26.
  • the fittings 36 provide a number of advantages for the thermosiphon system 10. For example, the fittings 36 allow the systems 24, 26 to be easily separated from one another without the need to remove the cooling fluid. This design also simplifies transportation of the systems 24, 26 to and from the often remote locations in which the thermosiphon system 10 is installed.
  • fittings 36 simplify and reduce the cost of installation by eliminating the need for a licensed refrigerant technician on-site since units can be charged with refrigerant in an urban center prior to transport. Moreover, the fittings 36 facilitate repair/maintenance work that may be needed for the systems 24, 26 without requiring an on-site technician since the systems 24, 26 may be transported individually as needed.
  • the refrigeration system 26 preferably includes a heater 42, a cooling unit 44 (such as a combination cooling coil and fan), a compressor head pressure control 53, and a hot gas bypass control 52 to facilitate reliable operation under a wide range of heat loads and environmental conditions. These components may be controlled by a process controller 38 and operated to maximize efficiency of the overall system.
  • a cooling unit 44 such as a combination cooling coil and fan
  • a compressor head pressure control 53 to facilitate reliable operation under a wide range of heat loads and environmental conditions.
  • a hot gas bypass control 52 to facilitate reliable operation under a wide range of heat loads and environmental conditions.
  • thermosiphon system 10 may further include temperature and/or pressure sensors (not shown) operable to determine the temperature of the thermosiphon and the operating conditions within the refrigeration system 26. When specific temperature and pressure parameters are met, the respective sensor(s) may send a signal to the process controller 38. Upon receiving the signal, the compressor 40 may be activated and begin cooling to continue the refrigeration cycle and maintain the active frost layer 12 in a frozen state. In some embodiments, the process controller 38 may be programmed to vary the speed of the compressor 40 to further stabilize system operating conditions as needed.
  • the system 10 may further include a variety of solar panels 56 used to power the refrigeration system 26.
  • the structure 14 may include an array of solar panels 56 arranged to generate electricity throughout the year, primarily during the warmer summer months and shoulder seasons. Accordingly, during operation, the power generated by the solar panels 56 may be used to offset the power consumption of the active cooling system 32.
  • the active cooling system 32 may operate via a conventional power source, such as batteries or fuel, by a combination of solar energy and a conventional power source, or any other suitable power sources.
  • the size of the active cooling system 32 components determines the rate of cooling and heat extraction within the evaporator pipes 16.
  • the active cooling system 32 has sufficient capacity so as to maintain the active frost layer 12 sufficiently cooled to avoid thawing cycles.
  • the system 10 may include a plurality of active cooling systems 32 operable to service a number of thermosiphon evaporator pipes 16.
  • each evaporator pipe 16 may include an active cooling system 32. It should be understood that in other embodiments, any suitable number of active refrigeration systems 32 may be used as needed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10), umfassend:
    ein Thermosiphonrohr (16), das entlang einer Bodenoberfläche (18) montierbar ist, wobei das Rohr einen Endabschnitt (20) einschließt, der sich unter der Bodenoberfläche und in eine aktive Frostschicht (12) hinein erstreckt, wenn das Rohr montiert ist;
    einen Kondensator (22) in Fluidverbindung mit dem Thermosiphonrohr;
    einen Verdampfer (30), der mit dem Rohr gekoppelt und zwischen dem Kondensator und der Bodenoberfläche positioniert ist; und
    ein Kühlsystem (26) in Fluidverbindung mit dem Verdampfer, wobei das Kühlsystem betriebsfähig ist, um den Verdampfer zu kühlen und ein Kühlmittel an diesen zu liefern,
    wobei, wenn eine Umgebungslufttemperatur geringer als eine Schwellentemperatur ist, das Thermosiphonrohr, der Kondensator, der Verdampfer und das Kühlmittel zusammenwirken, um die aktive Frostschicht zu kühlen und einen gefrorenen Zustand davon aufrechtzuerhalten, ohne dass das Kühlsystem das Kühlmittel kühlt, und wobei, wenn die Umgebungslufttemperatur die Schwellentemperatur überschreitet, das Kühlsystem das Kühlmittel vor einer Lieferung an den Verdampfer kühlt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hybridthermosiphonsystem ferner umfasst:
    eine isolierte Hülle (28), die mit dem Thermosiphonrohr gekoppelt ist und den Verdampfer umgibt, wobei die isolierte Hülle separate Hüllenabschnitte einschließt, die miteinander abnehmbar gekoppelt sind, um den Verdampfer zu umschließen, wobei der Verdampfer und die isolierte Hülle konfiguriert sind, um auf dem Thermosiphonrohr unter einer Position des Kondensators installiert zu werden, ohne dass eine Modifikation des Thermosiphonrohrs erforderlich ist.
  2. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Teil der isolierten Hülle (28) unterhalb der Bodenoberfläche positioniert ist.
  3. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei das Kühlsystem (26) über eine Leitung (48) in Fluidverbindung mit dem Verdampfer (30) ist und wobei das Kühlmittel über die Leitung an den Verdampfer geliefert wird.
  4. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Leitung (48) ferner lösbare Fittings (36) einschließt, die betriebsfähig sind, um das Kühlsystem (26) und den Verdampfer (30) wählbar zu koppeln und entkoppeln.
  5. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, ferner umfassend ein Sensorsystem, das betriebsfähig ist, um einen oder beide von einem Temperatur- und einem Druckparameter zu messen, wobei das Sensorsystem mit einer Steuereinrichtung (38) des Kühlsystems (26) in Verbindung ist, wobei das Sensorsystem betriebsfähig ist, um ein Aktivierungssignal an die Steuereinrichtung zu senden, wenn einer oder beide des gemessenen Temperatur- und Druckparameters einen Schwellenparameter erfüllen.
  6. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Kühlsystem (26) ferner einen Kompressor (40) in Verbindung mit der Steuereinrichtung einschließt, wobei die Steuereinrichtung den Kompressor als Reaktion auf ein Empfangen des Aktivierungssignals aktiviert.
  7. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Steuereinrichtung ferner betriebsfähig ist, um eine Betriebsgeschwindigkeit des Kompressors (40) zu variieren.
  8. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, ferner umfassend eine Solarstromanlage (56) in betriebsfähiger Verbindung mit dem Kühlsystem (26), wobei die Solarstromanlage betriebsfähig ist, um das Kühlsystem mit Strom zu versorgen.
  9. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, ferner umfassend ein Sensorsystem, das betriebsfähig ist, um einen oder beide von einem Temperatur- und einem Druckparameter zu messen, das Hybridthermosiphonsystem ferner umfassend eine Steuereinrichtung (38), die programmierbar ist, um das Kühlsystem (26) wahlweise zu betreiben, wobei die Steuereinrichtung das Kühlsystem basierend auf einem oder beiden des gemessenen Temperatur- und Druckparameters wahlweise betreibt.
  10. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend eine Temperatursteuereinheit, die betriebsfähig ist, um eine Temperatur innerhalb des Kühlsystems (26) zu steuern.
  11. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Temperatursteuereinheit eine Kühleinheit (44) einschließt, die betriebsfähig ist, um die Temperatur innerhalb des Kühlsystems (26) zu senken, und eine Heizeinheit (42), die betriebsfähig ist, um die Temperatur innerhalb des Kühlsystems zu erhöhen.
  12. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend Verdichtungsdruck- und Heißgas-Bypass-Steuerungen (52, 53), um einen Betrieb des Kühlsystems (26) bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen zu ermöglichen.
  13. Hybridthermosiphonsystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Kühlsystem (26) entlang der isolierten Hülle (28) direkt mit dem Verdampfer (30) gekoppelt ist.
EP19854286.2A 2018-08-27 2019-08-27 Hybrides thermosiphonsystem Active EP3844449B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862723400P 2018-08-27 2018-08-27
PCT/US2019/048382 WO2020046969A1 (en) 2018-08-27 2019-08-27 Hybrid thermosiphon system

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3844449A1 EP3844449A1 (de) 2021-07-07
EP3844449A4 EP3844449A4 (de) 2022-04-27
EP3844449B1 true EP3844449B1 (de) 2025-02-12

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US (1) US11408645B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3844449B1 (de)
CA (1) CA3110361C (de)
FI (1) FI3844449T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2020046969A1 (de)

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CN114484902A (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-05-13 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 一种基于太阳能集热的管中管伴热防冻与冻土防融系统
WO2023209417A1 (en) * 2022-04-26 2023-11-02 Domenico Daprocida Thermosiphon geothermal energy recovery systems and methods
CN117845679B (zh) 2024-01-22 2024-07-30 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 基于能量动态平衡的通风冷却类冻土路基控制方法和系统
CN118997121B (zh) * 2024-10-18 2024-12-20 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 适用于冻土区的电热吹风防冻拔功能的输电线路杆塔基座
CN119507402B (zh) * 2025-01-20 2025-05-13 石家庄铁道大学 全季节热棒装置及多年冻土稳定性维护方法

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CA3110361C (en) 2023-10-03
EP3844449A1 (de) 2021-07-07
FI3844449T3 (fi) 2025-04-22
US11408645B2 (en) 2022-08-09
CA3110361A1 (en) 2020-03-05
US20200064028A1 (en) 2020-02-27
EP3844449A4 (de) 2022-04-27
WO2020046969A1 (en) 2020-03-05

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