EP3843981A1 - Produit semi-fini composite en fibres, pièce structurale composite en fibres, élément de pale pour rotor, pale pour rotor et éolienne ainsi que procédé de production d'un produit semi-fini composite en fibres et procédé de production d'une pièce structurale composite en fibres - Google Patents

Produit semi-fini composite en fibres, pièce structurale composite en fibres, élément de pale pour rotor, pale pour rotor et éolienne ainsi que procédé de production d'un produit semi-fini composite en fibres et procédé de production d'une pièce structurale composite en fibres

Info

Publication number
EP3843981A1
EP3843981A1 EP19752507.4A EP19752507A EP3843981A1 EP 3843981 A1 EP3843981 A1 EP 3843981A1 EP 19752507 A EP19752507 A EP 19752507A EP 3843981 A1 EP3843981 A1 EP 3843981A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold core
fiber
fiber composite
reinforcing
reinforcing bars
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19752507.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Hoffmann
Sara Nganga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wobben Properties GmbH
Original Assignee
Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wobben Properties GmbH filed Critical Wobben Properties GmbH
Publication of EP3843981A1 publication Critical patent/EP3843981A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/088—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of non-plastics material or non-specified material, e.g. supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
    • B29D99/0021—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings provided with plain or filled structures, e.g. cores, placed between two or more plates or sheets, e.g. in a matrix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
    • B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a semi-finished fiber composite for a composite fiber component, in particular for a composite fiber component of a wind power plant, comprising a layer structure and a plurality of reinforcing bars, a composite fiber component, comprising a semi-finished fiber composite and a matrix material, a rotor blade element for a rotor blade, in particular for a wind turbine, a rotor blade and a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle and a rotor with a rotor hub and a number of rotor blades.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing the fiber composite semi-finished product and a method for producing the fiber composite component.
  • Fiber composite components are components made of two or more interconnected components, consisting of or comprising fiber composite materials, which usually have functional properties.
  • Fiber composite materials essentially comprise or consist of fibers and a matrix embedding the fibers. Due to the mutual interaction of the fibers and the matrix, fiber composite materials have higher-quality properties than the fibers or the matrix itself.
  • fiber composite components fiber composite semi-finished products for the production of fiber composite components and components of fiber composite components or Semi-finished fiber composites are known in different embodiments and their manufacturing processes.
  • DE 10 2013 215 384 A1 describes a composite molded part and a production method for a composite molded part, in particular for a wind power plant, comprising a thermoplastic and a semi-finished fiber composite with the following steps: providing the thermoplastic and the semi-finished fiber composite with a flexible, braid-like fiber system, distribution of the thermoplastic as a shaping core material in the flexible, braid-like fiber system of the semi-finished fiber composite and connection to the braid-like fiber system.
  • DE 10 2013 215 381 A1 discloses a production method and a composite component, in particular for a wind energy installation, with a multiplicity of at least two-component composite molded parts, a first component being formed from a shaping core material and a second component as part of a joining layer.
  • DE 10 2009 044 834 B4 describes a semi-finished textile product and a method for producing a preform for a fiber composite component.
  • a fiber reinforcement layer is formed, binders based on long-chain reactive resins, which are in the solid state at room temperature, are applied as a web by spraying on the binder, the fiber reinforcement layer provided with binder web is cold-formed, the reshaped, binder-provided fiber reinforcement layer is heated and then cooled.
  • the publication DE 10 2016 106 402 A1 relates to a component that is reinforced on the surface of the component with reinforcing fibers.
  • the document also relates to a method for reinforcing components with reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers are impregnated with resin, a membrane that retains at least 99% by weight of the uncured and liquid resin at normal pressure or the same pressure from both sides, is positioned between the component and the reinforcing fibers and additional pressure is built up on the resin-impregnated reinforcing fibers. so that the resin penetrates through the membrane and the reinforcing fibers stick to the component.
  • 8,709,584 B2 comprising: a core layer with a multiplicity of pins and a multiplicity of vertical pins, the multiplicity of the pins respectively extending within the core layer and beyond the core layer, and the multiplicity of the vertical ones Pins each extend within the core layer without extending beyond the core layer; an interlock inner layer with at least one layer mechanically interlocked with the plurality of pins; an inner layer bonded to the interlock inner layer, the inner layer having a first number of layers; an interlock outer layer with at least one layer that is mechanically locked to the plurality of pins; and an outer layer bonded to the interlock outer layer, the outer layer having a second number of layers of a first type and a second type, the first type being different from the second type, the second number of layers being greater than the first number of layers.
  • connection of individual components of a semi-finished fiber composite is usually carried out in technically complex production steps.
  • a blind stitch sewing device is known from DE 100 40 807 A1.
  • WO 98/29243 discloses an ultrasound connection system in which an ultrasound transducer is used to insert a plurality of connection elements carried by a compressible element into two components to be connected or a composite part.
  • a challenge for the manufacturing technology in the area of fiber composite components is particularly in the production of fiber composite components with different geometries.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of addressing at least one of the problems mentioned.
  • a simple and inexpensive solution is to be provided for producing a fiber composite component or a fiber composite semi-finished product.
  • the invention is intended to provide a solution which enables an increase in the shear stiffness and the bending stiffness. At least an alternative solution to previously known solutions should be found.
  • a semi-finished fiber composite for a fiber composite component in particular for a fiber composite component of a wind power plant, comprising a layer structure with a mold core consisting of or comprising a mold core material and a fiber layer adjacent to the mold core , consisting of or comprising a fiber layer material, and a plurality of reinforcing rods introduced into the mold core, consisting of or comprising a
  • Reinforcement material wherein the reinforcement material has a higher rigidity than the mold core material, wherein the plurality of reinforcement rods are introduced into the mold core at an angle to a mold core plane, and wherein at least one reinforcement rod of the plurality of reinforcement rods is introduced into the mold core at an angle to an orthogonal to the mold core plane is.
  • Fiber composite semi-finished products for fiber composite components can include different components.
  • material and, under certain circumstances, geometric properties of the individual components are generally of importance. This makes it possible to combine properties of different components with one another in a fiber composite component, and in particular thereby to adjust the properties of the fiber composite components, preferably by the choice of components, particularly preferably in a specific manner with regard to their area of use.
  • Rotor blades of a wind power plant are generally to be developed in such a way that they have a low weight with a relatively high structural strength, as well as different degrees of hardness and a tensile strength which is oriented to the load.
  • rotor blades are to be developed in such a way that they can withstand high static and dynamic loads, especially over many years. Due to this requirement, in particular with regard to the load effects that occur, the rotor blades comprise or consist in particular of fiber composite components.
  • the invention is based in particular on the knowledge that it is particularly advantageous to reinforce the semi-finished fiber composite, comprising at least two layers, in the thickness direction, in particular in order to achieve an increase in the shear stiffness and bending stiffness of the fiber composite component.
  • transmission of shear forces between the layers is to be improved in particular.
  • Existing solutions provide for this to connect individual components of the fiber composite semi-finished, in particular the at least two layers, by means of a large number of rectified connecting elements which extend through the individual components. In this case, the connecting elements are often introduced into the semi-finished fiber composite over an entire surface extent in the direction of the thickness, irrespective of the loads that actually occur.
  • a semi-finished fiber composite is provided with a mandrel and a fiber layer in a layered arrangement. Furthermore, reinforcing rods are introduced into the mold core at an angle greater than 0 °, preferably at an angle greater than 30 °, to a mold core plane. Here, at least one reinforcing rod is introduced into the mold core at an angle not equal to 90 ° to the mold core plane.
  • the reinforcing rods are thus introduced into the mold core at different angles and consist of or comprise a reinforcement material which has a higher rigidity than a mold core material in order to be able to be introduced into the mold core without length and shape changes and to reinforce it.
  • the mold core described here is preferably a three-dimensional element and / or preferably has a planar extent in a mold core plane, wherein the mold core plane can be curved in at least one plane, for example cylindrical or shell-shaped, and / or preferably has a thickness in the direction orthogonal to the mold core plane on. Thickness is preferably many times smaller than an extension in one direction of the mold core plane.
  • the direction orthogonal to the mold core plane can also be referred to as the thickness direction.
  • This configuration of the semi-finished fiber composite can optimize required properties, for example with regard to strength, rigidity or stretchability, in order to achieve optimized behavior of a composite fiber component to be produced from the semi-finished fiber composite product.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the mandrel can be increased in the thickness direction by the reinforcing bars.
  • a higher bending stiffness and shear stiffness resulting from the design of the fiber composite semi-finished product ensures a long-term and Load effects against opposite stiffness and / or strength.
  • a thrust module can be increased and a degree of change in the thrust module can be influenced via a number and the angle of the reinforcement rods introduced, and can thus be optimally adapted locally.
  • the specific insertion of the reinforcing bars in particular with regard to a direction in which the reinforcing bars extend, defined by an angle to the mold core plane and an angle to the orthogonal to the mold core plane, can provide semi-finished fiber composite products, the properties of which are local loads are adjusted to enable optimal use of materials in terms of lightweight construction.
  • thinner mold cores and / or fiber layers can be used and / or less dense and lighter mold core materials can be used. As a result, weight and costs can be saved.
  • the fiber composite semi-finished product described according to the solution of the invention is essentially manufactured in a sandwich construction.
  • components with different properties are put together in layers.
  • the components are a mold core and at least one, preferably force-absorbing, fiber layer, which preferably adjoins the mold core in a thickness direction.
  • a second fiber layer can preferably be provided, the fiber layers being able to be kept at a distance by the mold core.
  • the layer structure preferably comprises an upper-side fiber layer and a lower-side fiber layer, the mandrel being arranged between the upper-side fiber layer and the lower-side fiber layer and preferably serving as a spacer.
  • the mandrel can preferably transmit shear forces between the top fiber layer and the bottom fiber layer.
  • directional information such as, for example, on the top and bottom sides, preferably relates to the layer structure, preferably to the mold core or the fiber layer, in an arrangement for producing the fiber composite component or the fiber composite semi-finished product with a layered shape Arrangement from bottom to top in the order: if necessary fiber layer - mold core - if necessary fiber layer.
  • the mandrel preferably has an, in particular flat, extension in the mandrel plane and a thickness orthogonal to the mandrel plane.
  • the mandrel can preferably be used for shaping.
  • the mold core material can in particular have a low density. Structural molded core materials are particularly preferred. Mold core materials can preferably have a high mechanical stability and in particular a low weight.
  • mold core materials can have a very low strength and can only achieve a final strength by contacting, in particular by impregnation, with a matrix material and curing of the matrix material.
  • a mold core material contacted, in particular impregnated, with matrix material, in particular after curing, can preferably be designed to transmit shear forces and preferably tensile forces and to support the fiber layer or, if appropriate, the fiber layers.
  • the fiber layer material of the fiber layer comprises or consists of individual fibers, preferably a fiber fabric.
  • the fiber layer material can preferably comprise fibers embedded in the matrix material, and in particular can be a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the matrix material forms a matrix that usually serves as a filler and adhesive between the fibers.
  • the fibers are held in position in a fiber composite material and tensions are transmitted and distributed between the fibers.
  • the matrix can serve as protection against externally acting mechanical and / or chemical influences.
  • Curable polymer material can preferably be used as the matrix material.
  • the mandrel in particular the layer structure, is reinforced with the reinforcing bars.
  • a reinforcing rod can be understood to mean a body which is in particular dimensionally stable, preferably rigid, and in particular essentially straight.
  • the reinforcing bar here has an extension in the longitudinal direction that is many times larger than an extension in the width direction and the resulting cross-sectional area.
  • the dimensional stability of the reinforcing bars is distinguished in particular by the fact that the reinforcing bars are designed to be essentially stable in terms of length and cross section. In order to ensure a stability in length and cross-section, the solution sees the Invention before that the reinforcing material has a higher rigidity, in particular also a higher strength than the mold core material.
  • the reinforcing material can also have a higher rigidity and / or strength than the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars can be inserted into the mandrel without changing the geometry.
  • the reinforcing bars can be designed to be shootable.
  • the reinforcing material has a modulus of elasticity of at least 8 GPa.
  • the reinforcing rods can preferably have a particularly smooth surface and in particular comprise or consist of pultruded or otherwise pre-hardened fiber composite materials such as, for example, GRP or CFRP, glass fibers, wood, titanium, aluminum or the like.
  • the reinforcing rods In comparison to the mold core material, the reinforcing rods have a final strength when introduced into the mold core, which preferably cannot be increased significantly by contacting the matrix material.
  • a final strength can be understood here to mean a strength that is suitable for the
  • the reinforcing bars can preferably have an orientation in the mandrel that is particularly function-related.
  • the reinforcing rods can preferably be introduced into the mold core at an angle of 30 ° to less than 90 °, preferably at an angle of 40 ° to 80 °, more preferably from 45 ° to the mold core plane.
  • the angle specified here can in particular be understood to mean an intersection angle which is defined as the smallest angle between the mold core plane and the reinforcing rod.
  • a semi-finished fiber composite can basically be understood to mean a semi-finished product or a prefabricated form of raw material.
  • a semi-finished fiber composite is therefore not a completely finished product and is only later processed into a finished product, i.e. a fiber composite component.
  • Semi-finished fiber composite comprises or consists of components, which are preferably arranged accordingly and brought into a basic geometric shape. Furthermore, a fiber composite semifinished product is preferably to be designed such that it has the shape and dimensions of the fiber composite component to be produced as precisely as possible in order to enable cost-effective production of the fiber composite component. If reference is made to the properties of the fiber composite semi-finished and / or fiber composite components, requirements, loads, load effects or similar, this information refers to a finished product, comprising or consisting of a fiber composite component with a fiber composite semi-finished product. The requirements, in particular on the properties, result, for example, from the loads and effects of loads that are expected, in particular to be expected, on the finished product and must be taken into account in the design and manufacture of the semi-finished fiber composite and the composite fiber component.
  • the reinforcing bars extend wholly or partially through the mandrel.
  • the properties of the fiber composite semi-finished product can be further adapted to defined requirements, in particular with regard to an area of application of the fiber composite component to be produced from the fiber composite semi-finished product.
  • the reinforcing bars may extend through at least a portion of the mandrel, preferably at least up to 1/2 the thickness of the mandrel, or more preferably up to 2/3 of the thickness or 3/4 of the thickness or 4/5 of the thickness of the mandrel.
  • At least 3/4 or 2/3 or 1/2 of the number of reinforcing bars can extend through part of the mandrel, preferably at least up to 1/2 the thickness of the mandrel or more preferably up to 2/3 of the thickness or 3 / 4 the thickness or 4/5 the thickness of the mandrel.
  • the reinforcing bars can preferably extend through the mandrel and have a connection area on the fiber layer, the reinforcement bars at least touching the fiber layer in the connection area.
  • the reinforcing bars can particularly preferably extend through the connection region, the reinforcing bars preferably extending through the mandrel and into the fiber layer, more preferably through the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing rods can be connected to the fiber layer and to the mold core when the fiber composite component is subsequently manufactured.
  • defects in particular in a contact area between the mandrel and the fiber layer during the manufacture of the Composite fiber components are balanced. This also ensures an improved transmission of shear forces between the mandrel and the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars extend in the direction from a first end surface of the layer structure to a second end surface of the layer structure, the first end surface lying opposite the second end surface.
  • This direction describes the thickness direction of the layer structure, the thickness of the layer structure preferably comprising a sum of a thickness of the mandrel and a thickness of the fiber layer.
  • An end surface of the layer structure can preferably be a surface of the mandrel or a surface of the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars can particularly preferably extend completely or partially through the fiber layer. This makes it possible in particular to compensate for imperfections in a contact area between the mandrel and the fiber layer during the production of the fiber composite component. This also ensures better transmission of shear forces between the mandrel and the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars can extend through at least part of the fiber layer, preferably at least up to 1/2 the thickness of the fiber layer or more preferably up to 2/3 of the thickness or 3/4 of the thickness or 4/5 of the thickness of the fiber layer.
  • At least 3/4 or 2/3 or 1/2 of the number of reinforcing bars can extend through part of the fiber layer, preferably at least up to 1/2 the thickness of the fiber layer or more preferably up to 2/3 of the thickness or 3 / 4 the thickness or 4/5 the thickness of the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars extend entirely or partially through the mandrel and fully or partially through the fiber layer.
  • the mandrel can be connected to the fiber layer and thus in particular the fiber layer can be connected to the mandrel.
  • a reinforcement of the fiber composite semi-finished product can thereby be further optimized.
  • the reinforcing bars extend wholly or partially through the mold core, preferably in the direction from a first end face of the layer structure to a second end face of the layer structure, the first end face being opposite the second end face, and preferably the reinforcing bars being in whole or in part extend through the fiber layer.
  • reinforcement can take place at buckling-critical points and the thrust module can be adapted locally.
  • shorter reinforcing bars, which extend partially through the mandrel can be selected if correspondingly lower loads are to be expected with regard to an area of use in order to save weight and costs.
  • the reinforcing bars can be arranged essentially in the mandrel.
  • the reinforcing bars can displace the mold core material, which can particularly preferably wrap around the reinforcing bars.
  • a further preferred development of the semi-finished fiber composite is characterized in that the reinforcing bars have a maximum diameter of 5 mm, preferably a maximum diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm, further preferably a maximum diameter of 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • a maximum diameter can be understood to mean the longest chord perpendicular to an axis of rotation of a reinforcing rod.
  • reinforcing bars with different maximum diameters are introduced into the mandrel.
  • the greatest possible adaptation of the stiffness and / or strength, in particular the shear stiffness, of the fiber composite component to be produced can be achieved.
  • the reinforcing bars have a round and / or angular geometry.
  • the reinforcing bars can particularly preferably have a polygonal geometry, in particular a star-shaped geometry. In this way, in particular a better connection of the reinforcing bars to the molding material in the fiber composite component to be produced can be achieved.
  • the reinforcing bars particularly preferably have a length greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm or 10 mm or 20 mm or 30 mm or 40 mm, further preferably a maximum of 50 mm.
  • the mandrel comprises an area with a plurality of reinforcing bars and an area with fewer reinforcing bars.
  • the areas can preferably comprise at least 100 rods per m 2 of the surface of the mold core.
  • the properties of the fiber composite semi-finished products are locally and preferably individually adaptable.
  • a ratio of a sum of the volume of the reinforcing bars to a volume of the mandrel can be 1:10 or 1:20 or 1:50, further preferably 1: 100.
  • the mold core material is selected from a material or a combination of materials, in particular polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride or balsa wood or foam, in particular rigid foam.
  • the mold core material can preferably also comprise insulation or consist of insulation.
  • the mold core material comprises polyethylene and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or balsa wood and / or foam, in particular rigid foam, or consists of one of these materials or a combination of two or more of these materials.
  • particularly light foam material preferably with a low density, can be used due to the reinforcement of the mandrel with the reinforcing bars.
  • weight and costs can be saved further.
  • the reinforcing material comprises a matrix material and a fiber embedded in the matrix material.
  • the fibers can be embedded in the matrix material in a substantially unidirectional direction.
  • fiber fabrics and / or fiber bundles, in particular unidirectional fiber bundles can be present in the matrix material to be adored.
  • the matrix material is preferably cured here. As a result, hardened, in particular stiffened, reinforcing bars can be provided.
  • the reinforcing material comprises a matrix material and fibers embedded in the matrix material, and preferably the matrix material is cured.
  • the fiber composite semi-finished ie the semi-finished product or the raw material form, which is to be further processed into a fiber composite semi-finished, includes hardened reinforcing bars.
  • the reinforcing rods introduced into the mold core each define an insertion point on a surface of the mold core, and the surface of the mold core has a plurality of insertion points and a plurality of insertion points each define an insertion area and a first insertion area of one second insertion area is spaced.
  • the introduction areas can be spaced apart by at least 30 mm.
  • the introduction points of an introduction region can preferably be spaced apart from one another, in particular by a maximum of 500 mm.
  • insertion areas essentially in a ring shape.
  • the shape of an insertion area is defined here by the individual insertion points and an imaginary connection of the insertion points, in particular essentially running through a center point.
  • the term ring-shaped can therefore not only be understood to mean an annular configuration, but also a polygonal and / or polygonal configuration.
  • the reinforcing bars can preferably extend through the mandrel in such a way that they essentially describe the shape of a truncated cone in the mandrel.
  • a maximum diameter of the insertion area extends beyond the thickness of the mandrel.
  • insertion areas can essentially comprise insertion points arranged in a line.
  • a maximum of 2, 3, 4, 6, 10 or 20 insertion points can define an insertion area.
  • the reinforcing rods introduced into the mold core can also introduce points on an end face of the layer structure, defined by a surface of the fiber layer define, especially when the reinforcing rods are inserted through the fiber layer when introduced into the mandrel.
  • At least two reinforcing bars are introduced into the mold core at different angles to the mold core plane.
  • Reinforcing rods can be introduced into the mandrel at different angles to the mandrel plane. Particularly preferably, at least a quarter, preferably at least half, of the reinforcing bars per square meter can be introduced into the mold core at different angles. In this way, a particularly reliable and optimized transmission of forces, preferably transmission of the thrust forces, can be ensured.
  • a maximum of two of three reinforcing bars lie in one reinforcing plane in the mandrel.
  • the three reinforcing bars can particularly preferably lie in different reinforcing planes in the mandrel.
  • a fiber composite component in particular for a fiber composite component of a wind power plant, comprising a fiber composite semi-finished product and a cured one
  • Matrix material wherein the reinforcing bars are at least partially embedded and the mandrel in the cured matrix material and form a composite, the cured matrix material connecting the composite to the fiber layer.
  • the hardened matrix material can in particular harden the mold core material. More preferably, the fiber layer material can be hardened by the hardened matrix material.
  • the cured matrix material can particularly preferably bind the reinforcing rods and / or the mold core material to the fiber layer. It is particularly preferred here if the matrix material contacts the surface of the reinforcing bars.
  • the reinforcing bars in the fiber composite semifinished and in the fiber composite component that is to say after contacting with matrix material and curing of the matrix material, have essentially the same rigidity and / or essentially the same strength.
  • the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a rotor blade element for a rotor blade, in particular for a wind power installation, the rotor blade element comprising at least one fiber composite component.
  • the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a rotor blade, in particular for a wind energy installation, comprising at least one rotor blade element.
  • a wind energy installation comprising a tower, a nacelle and a rotor with a rotor hub and a number of rotor blades, a rotor blade comprising at least one rotor blade element with at least one fiber composite component and / or Tower and / or the nacelle and / or the rotor hub comprises a fiber composite component.
  • the above-mentioned object can be achieved by using a semi-finished fiber composite and / or a fiber composite component for a rotor blade element for producing a rotor blade of a wind turbine and / or for a rotor blade and / or for a tower and / or a nacelle and / or a rotor hub
  • the above-mentioned object can be achieved by using a semi-finished fiber composite and / or a composite fiber component for producing a body component of automobiles and / or in shipbuilding or aircraft construction and / or in lightweight construction with composites and / or in components of the building or Road construction and / or be solved in other highly stressed structures.
  • Fiber composite component in particular for a fiber composite component of a wind power plant, comprising the steps: providing a mold core consisting of or comprising a mold core material, providing a fiber layer consisting of or comprising a fiber layer material, forming a layer structure by layering the mold core and the fiber layer, Providing a plurality of reinforcing rods, consisting of or comprising a reinforcing material, the reinforcing material having a higher rigidity than the mold core material,
  • the semi-finished fiber composite is preferably manufactured in a half-shell sandwich construction.
  • the reinforcing bars can first be introduced into the mandrel and then the layers can be arranged.
  • the layers can first be arranged and then the reinforcing bars can be introduced into the mold core.
  • the introduction of the reinforcing bars into the mold core can preferably include carrying out and / or introducing the reinforcing bars into the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars can be introduced into the mold core, preferably shot in, in such a way that they extend wholly or partly through the mold core, preferably also wholly or partly through the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars can preferably be introduced into the mandrel in such a way that they lie in the layer structure and in particular do not protrude from the layer structure.
  • the reinforcing bars are introduced into the mold core with a pressure between 1 bar and 10 bar, preferably with a pressure between 4 bar and 8 bar, further preferably with a pressure of 7 bar.
  • the reinforcing rods can particularly preferably be shot into and / or hammered into the mandrel.
  • the reinforcing bars can be introduced, preferably stapled, into the mandrel, for example by means of a spring system.
  • the reinforcing bars can preferably be shot into the mold core at a pressure and / or a speed, so that the reinforcing bars are introduced into the mold core, so that the reinforcing bars as a whole lie within the layer structure.
  • the reinforcing bars are not shot through the entire layer structure.
  • an inserted reinforcing rod does not protrude from the layer structure.
  • Reinforcing rods can particularly preferably be introduced individually into the mandrel.
  • the reinforcing bars can more preferably be introduced in groups. In this case, the groups preferably comprise reinforcing bars which are aligned and / or spaced apart, in particular regularly spaced apart from one another.
  • a first group and a second group can preferably be introduced into the mold core at the same time.
  • the first group and the second group can preferably be introduced into the mold core at the same time or at different times.
  • several groups of two or more reinforcing bars can be introduced into the mold core at the same time or at different times.
  • the introduction of the reinforcement rods can include providing a reinforcement material, cutting a reinforcement rod from the reinforcement material and inserting the reinforcement rod into the mandrel, the reinforcement rod preferably being passed through the fiber layer.
  • An inserted reinforcing rod can preferably have a protrusion that protrudes from the mandrel and / or from the fiber layer, wherein the step of removing the protrusion can be followed by the introduction of the reinforcing rods.
  • a fiber layer can be sealed after the reinforcing bars have been passed through and, if necessary, after the excess has been removed.
  • the step of introducing the reinforcing elements into the mandrel can comprise the following, repeating steps: providing an endless reinforcing material, preferably wound on a spool, cutting the endless reinforcing material to a defined length, preferably with a hand-held device, and introducing a cut reinforcing rod into the mandrel.
  • the step of providing the continuous reinforcement material may include selecting a reinforcement material from a group of materials that has a higher stiffness than the mold core material.
  • the step of providing the continuous reinforcement material may include selecting a reinforcement material and applying an adhesion promoter to a surface of the reinforcement material.
  • Adhesion promoters can preferably be applied as a primer to a surface of the reinforcing material.
  • the provision of the continuous reinforcement material can comprise selecting a reinforcement material from a group of materials comprising pultruded GRP and / or pultruded CFRP, particularly preferably duromers, and / or wood and / or aluminum.
  • the step of introducing the reinforcing elements into the mandrel can include passing the reinforcing elements through the fiber layer.
  • the reinforcing bars are shot into the mandrel, preferably with an air gun.
  • the air pistol can be operated manually, for example, by personnel.
  • the advantage of this is that the reinforcing bars can be introduced into the mold core independently of a geometry of the fiber composite.
  • the reinforcing bars can hereby be introduced into the mold core individually, in particular depending on the expected loads.
  • This manufacturing step can be integrated as an intermediate step in the conventional sequence of manufacturing steps.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a method for producing a fiber composite component, in particular for a wind power plant, preferably for a rotor blade of a wind power plant, comprising the steps: producing a fiber composite semi-finished product, contacting the mold core and those introduced into the mold core Reinforcing rods with a matrix material, the matrix material at least partially embedding the reinforcing rods and the mold core, and curing the matrix material, the cured matrix material forming a composite and binding the composite to the fiber layer.
  • the fiber composite components can be produced by a resin infusion, preferably a vacuum infusion.
  • the components of the fiber composite component are contacted with a tempered and liquid matrix material.
  • dry fibers of the components can be completely impregnated with the matrix material and hardened by curing the matrix material become.
  • the mandrel material comprises dry fibers.
  • the fiber layer can comprise dry fibers.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product is provided with a film, which in particular surrounds the fiber composite semifinished product in a substantially fluid-tight manner in order to evacuate a space surrounding the film, in particular by means of a vacuum pump.
  • the semi-finished fiber composite in particular the components of the semi-finished fiber composite comprising the dry fibers, preferably the mold core material and / or the fiber layer material, no longer has air.
  • the air pressure compresses the fiber layer and the mandrel and also fixes them.
  • the tempered, liquid matrix material can be sucked into the mold core material and / or into the fiber layer material by the applied vacuum.
  • the matrix material can be cured in particular thermally and / or as a function of a reaction.
  • sequence of manufacture comprising first producing the semi-finished fiber composite and then impregnating the fibers of the constituents with matrix material and curing the matrix material, the insertion points resulting from the introduction of the reinforcing rods into the mandrel can be filled and sealed by the matrix material. As a result, failure of the embrasure can be prevented in particular.
  • the matrix material can in particular bind the mandrel to the fiber layer.
  • the matrix material can preferably also bind the reinforcing rods to the mandrel and to the fiber layer. This makes it possible to compensate for any imperfections in the contact area between the mandrel and the fiber layer or the mandrel and matrix material.
  • Such additional reinforcement of the fiber composite component can also compensate for weakenings in the composite due to the formation of cracks which can occur when the matrix material hardens.
  • the components of the fiber composite semifinished product and in particular of the fiber composite component are permanently connected to one another and / or fixed to one another and / or made to adhere to one another, so that a three-dimensional component is produced.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic, three-dimensional representation of a
  • Fiber composite half-pull according to an embodiment 3 shows a schematic, three-dimensional representation of a fiber composite component according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic, three-dimensional representation of a fiber composite semi-finished product according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic, three-dimensional sectional view of a rotor blade according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic, two-dimensional representation of a rotor blade according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 7 exemplary method steps for producing a
  • Fiber composite semifinished product according to an embodiment
  • Composite fiber component according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102.
  • On the gondola 104 is a aerodynamic rotor 106 with three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided.
  • the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set into a rotational movement by the wind during operation of the wind energy installation and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or rotor of a generator, which is directly or indirectly coupled to the aerodynamic rotor 106.
  • the electrical generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy.
  • Composite components 200 can be used for different components of the wind turbine 100.
  • a rotor blade 108 comprises a rotor blade element 1080 with at least one fiber composite component 200 as described herein.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic, three-dimensional view of a fiber composite semi-finished product 210.
  • the semi-finished fiber composite 210 comprises a layer structure with an upper-side fiber layer 230b, a mold core 220 and an underside fiber layer 230b.
  • a mold core material of the mold core 220 and a fiber layer material of the top-side fiber layer 230a and the bottom-side fiber layer 230b are shown transparently in FIG.
  • the mandrel 220 spaces the upper-side fiber layer 230a and the lower-side fiber layer 230b.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product 210 comprises a plurality of reinforcing bars 240 which are introduced into the mold core 220 at an angle greater than 0 ° to a mold core plane 2210 and at an angle unequal to 90 ° to the mold core plane 2210.
  • the reinforcing bars 240 extend through the top-side fiber layer 230a, the mandrel 220 and the bottom-side fiber layer 230b.
  • the fiber layers 230a, b can be connected to the mold core 220 and in particular a transfer of shear forces between the fiber layers 230a, b and preferably between one of the fiber layers 20a, b and the mold core 220 can be improved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a fiber composite component 200 with an upper-side fiber layer 230b, a mandrel 220, a lower-side fiber layer 230b and a large number of reinforcing bars in a schematic, three-dimensional view.
  • the mandrel 220 here has a planar extent in a mandrel plane 2210 and one
  • the mandrel plane 2210 is essentially spanned by a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis of the mandrel. It is particularly preferred here that the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis intersect at a center point and / or a center of gravity of the fiber composite component 200.
  • An end surface of the layer structure defined by a surface of the upper fiber layer 320a, has a plurality of insertion points 310a-e in accordance with this embodiment.
  • the insertion points 310a-e here define a plurality of insertion regions 320a-e which are spaced apart from one another.
  • First insertion areas 320a-c are essentially in the form of a line and each comprise three insertion points 310a-c.
  • second introduction regions 320d, e are provided, which are defined by introduction points 310d, e.
  • These insertion areas 320d, e comprise four insertion points 31 Oe or five insertion points 31 Od, which are arranged essentially in a ring.
  • the fiber composite component 200 has areas with a plurality of reinforcing bars 3300 and areas with fewer reinforcing bars 3400.
  • the fiber composite component 200 comprises a hardened matrix material which embeds the reinforcing bars in the mandrel 220 and in the fiber layers 230a, b.
  • the matrix material binds a composite of mandrel 220 and reinforcing bars to the fiber layers 230a, b.
  • the matrix material closes the insertion points 310a-e. In particular, failure of the embrasures can be prevented.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a fiber composite semi-finished product 210 in a three-dimensional view.
  • the semi-finished fiber composite 210 has an upper-side fiber layer 230a, a mandrel 220 and a lower-side fiber layer 230b.
  • a mold core material of the mold core 220 and a fiber layer material of the top-side fiber layer 230a and the bottom-side fiber layer 230b are shown transparently in FIG.
  • the mandrel 220 serves here as a spacer and spaces the top-side fiber layer 230a from the bottom-side fiber layer 230b.
  • the top end surface of the layered structure comprising the
  • Fiber layers 230a, b and the mandrel 220 which is defined by a surface of the top-side fiber layer 230a, has five insertion points 310, which define an essentially annular insertion region 320.
  • the insertion points 310 are spaced apart from one another substantially uniformly. Starting from the insertion points, the reinforcement rods 240 extend through the upper side
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic, three-dimensional view of a sectional illustration of a rotor blade 108.
  • the rotor blade 108 has a rotor blade element 1080 that comprises a fiber composite component 200.
  • the fiber composite component 200 here has a multiplicity of reinforcing bars 240 which reinforce the fiber composite component 200 and thus also the rotor blade element 1080 or the rotor blade 108.
  • FIG. 6 accordingly shows a rotor blade 108 in a schematic, two-dimensional view with a rotor blade element 1080 that comprises a fiber composite component 200.
  • FIG. 7 shows a method for producing a fiber composite semifinished product for producing a fiber composite component.
  • the individual components of the fiber composite semifinished product comprising a mandrel 710 and two fiber layers 720, 730, are provided.
  • these components are arranged in the form of a layer in the order fiber layer - mold core - fiber layer, so that a first fiber layer forms a fiber layer on the underside, a second fiber layer forms an upper fiber layer and the fiber layers are spaced apart from the mold core.
  • an endless reinforcement material which is wound on a spool, is provided 750 and cut 751 with a hand-held device to a defined length.
  • Such continuous reinforcement material which is cut, defines a reinforcement rod and is entered 760 into the layer structure, comprising the mold core and the two fiber layers the reinforcing rod, in particular an air gun for shooting in the reinforcing rod, is initially positioned 761 at an angle of less than 90 ° and greater than 0 ° to the mold core plane. Subsequently, the reinforcement rod with the air pistol is shot 762 into the mold core through the top-side fiber layer.
  • the steps of cutting of the continuous reinforcement material to a defined length 751, the positioning of the reinforcement rod 761 cut in this way and the insertion of the reinforcement rod through the top-side fiber layer into the mold core 762 are repeated several times.
  • the endless reinforcement material is cut to different lengths and injected into the layer structure at different angles.
  • a fiber composite semi-finished 810-862 is first produced.
  • a mold core 810 and a fiber layer 820 are initially provided.
  • these components are arranged in layers in the order of fiber layer 820 - mold core 810, so that the fiber layer forms a fiber layer on the underside and the mold core to the fiber layer adjacent.
  • Reinforcing rods are also provided 850.
  • the reinforcing rods are individually inserted 860 into the mold core with an air gun.
  • an air pistol with a reinforcement rod is first positioned 861 at an angle of less than 90 ° and size 0 to the mold core plane on the mold core.
  • the reinforcing rod is shot 862 into the mandrel with the air gun so that it extends through the mandrel.
  • a fiber layer is provided 830 and arranged 870 in layer form on the mold core, so that it forms an upper-side fiber layer and is spaced apart from the lower-side fiber layer by the mold core.
  • the layer structure is provided 880 with a film and the layer structure surrounded by the film is evacuated 881 with a vacuum pump.
  • a tempered, liquid matrix material is sucked 882 into the layer structure, that is to say into the mold core and into the fiber layers
  • the fiber layer material of the fiber layers and the mold core material of the mold core are impregnated with the matrix material.
  • the matrix material is cured 890. The cured
  • Matrix material embeds the reinforcing bars introduced into the mold core and binds the individual components, that is to say the fiber layers, the mold core and the reinforcing bars, to one another.
  • Fiber composite components or fiber composite semi-finished products comprising a fiber layer 230a, b a mold core 220 and reinforcing bars 240 inserted into the mold core 220 according to the solution of the invention have various advantages.
  • a shear stiffness and a bending stiffness of the fiber composite component 200 can be increased.
  • a property of the fiber composite component 200 can be adapted to local loads in order to enable optimal material utilization in the sense of lightweight construction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un produit semi-fini composite en fibres (210) destiné à une pièce structurale composite en fibres, en particulier à une pièce structurale composite en fibres d'une éolienne, comprenant une structure en couches dotée d'un noyau de moule (220), constituée de ou comprenant un matériau de noyau de moule, et d'une couche de fibres (230a, b) délimitant le noyau de moule (220), constituée de ou comprenant un matériau de couche de fibres, et plusieurs tiges de renforcement (240) insérées dans le noyau de moule (220), constituées de ou comprenant un matériau de renforcement, le matériau de renforcement présentant une rigidité plus élevée que celle du matériau de noyau de moule. La pluralité de tiges de renforcement (240) sont insérées dans le noyau de moule (220) en formant un angle avec un plan de noyau de moule. En outre, au moins une tige de renforcement de la pluralité de tiges de renforcement (240) est insérée dans le noyau de moule (220) en formant un angle avec une orthogonale au plan de noyau de moule.
EP19752507.4A 2018-08-27 2019-08-09 Produit semi-fini composite en fibres, pièce structurale composite en fibres, élément de pale pour rotor, pale pour rotor et éolienne ainsi que procédé de production d'un produit semi-fini composite en fibres et procédé de production d'une pièce structurale composite en fibres Pending EP3843981A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018120905.3A DE102018120905A1 (de) 2018-08-27 2018-08-27 Faserverbundhalbzeug, Faserverbundbauteil, Rotorblattelement, Rotorblatt und Windenergieanlage sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Faserverbundhalbzeugs und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Faserverbundbauteils
PCT/EP2019/071503 WO2020043469A1 (fr) 2018-08-27 2019-08-09 Produit semi-fini composite en fibres, pièce structurale composite en fibres, élément de pale pour rotor, pale pour rotor et éolienne ainsi que procédé de production d'un produit semi-fini composite en fibres et procédé de production d'une pièce structurale composite en fibres

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3843981A1 true EP3843981A1 (fr) 2021-07-07

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EP19752507.4A Pending EP3843981A1 (fr) 2018-08-27 2019-08-09 Produit semi-fini composite en fibres, pièce structurale composite en fibres, élément de pale pour rotor, pale pour rotor et éolienne ainsi que procédé de production d'un produit semi-fini composite en fibres et procédé de production d'une pièce structurale composite en fibres

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20210316526A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3843981A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN112672876A (fr)
DE (1) DE102018120905A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020043469A1 (fr)

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CN115816959A (zh) * 2022-12-12 2023-03-21 连云港中复连众复合材料集团有限公司 泡沫芯材、其制备方法及风电叶片

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WO2020043469A1 (fr) 2020-03-05
CN112672876A (zh) 2021-04-16
DE102018120905A1 (de) 2020-02-27
US20210316526A1 (en) 2021-10-14

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