EP3841246A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum fraktionieren von längliche partikel enthaltenden suspensionen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum fraktionieren von längliche partikel enthaltenden suspensionenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3841246A1 EP3841246A1 EP19756362.0A EP19756362A EP3841246A1 EP 3841246 A1 EP3841246 A1 EP 3841246A1 EP 19756362 A EP19756362 A EP 19756362A EP 3841246 A1 EP3841246 A1 EP 3841246A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fractionation
- suspension
- annular channel
- opening
- distributor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000237942 Conidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
- D21D5/02—Straining or screening the pulp
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for fractionating an elongate particle-containing suspension comprising a plurality of essentially tubular fractionation devices and at least one distributor which can be connected to an inlet opening of each fractionation device, each of the essentially tubular fractionation devices having a tubular at least via one Part of its length has a flow area surrounded by an annular channel and a method for fractionating suspensions containing elongate particles, in which the suspension is introduced into a substantially tubular fractionation device by means of a distributor, the flow through the flow area of the essentially tubular fractionation device a network of the particles contained in the suspension, which are formed by an essentially annular region of the Suspensi are surrounded with a reduced particle concentration, at least part of the suspension, preferably the part with reduced particle concentration, is at least partially discharged into an annular channel.
- Fractionation processes as well as devices therefor are of great importance for various industrial productions, e.g. for the production of building materials or in the pulp and paper industry.
- more and more used paper has recently been recycled in order not to waste valuable raw materials or to fractionate native fiber materials in order to change their properties.
- waste paper is of very different origins and depending on what the paper was originally used for, the fiber fraction used in the paper used also differs. It is therefore necessary to fractionate fibers of different lengths, which are contained in paper or native fiber materials, in order to be able to bring them to the desired recycling.
- Fractionation of the input material which contains particles, in particular cellulose fibers of different lengths, is also of essential importance in the production of packaging materials, since packaging materials usually consist of several layers of kraft paper and waste paper, printing paper or writing paper.
- packaging materials usually consist of several layers of kraft paper and waste paper, printing paper or writing paper.
- the separation of fine materials or fractions with fibers with lengths that are shorter than 200 pm is also of increasing importance, since in particular these fine materials can have a negative impact on the production of paper, as they make the drainage rate in the paper production more difficult or slow it down.
- Hydrocyclones are currently used in the pulp and paper industry in addition to their function as cleaning devices and also as fractionation devices, a separation being achieved in the cyclone due to the differences in the settling speed of the particles.
- pulp fibers in hydrocyclones are separated based on their cell wall thickness, i.e. Hydrocyclones are used to separate early wood from late wood, for example.
- the fractionation efficiency is very dependent on the consistency of the feed, a low consistency of the feed resulting in a higher fractionation efficiency.
- hydrodynamic fractionation a fiber network is formed in the interior of a flow channel, in which a wall layer of the flow channel remains essentially free of elongated fibers or particles. This zone contains at most very short particles or fine substances.
- the present invention now aims to improve the hydrodynamic fractionation process and a device suitable therefor to the extent that it can be used industrially on the one hand and is also suitable for streams with Reynolds numbers above 10,000 and moreover suspensions can be used which have a high Have content of particles of different lengths.
- the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that an end of the flow area facing away from an inlet opening has an essentially conical connecting piece, which conical connecting piece has a tapered part towards its inlet end, possibly in has a tube with an enlarged cross section opening and an outlet articulated to the connector opening in the annular channel, which has a fractionation slot opening in the direction of flow at a substantially acute angle between the flow area and the annular channel, the annular channel opening into a collecting chamber, that a fractionation device or a further distributor is articulated to an outlet opening of each distributor and that at least one further fractionation device is optionally connected to the outlet opening of each fractionation device, optionally with the interposition of an intermediate piece provided with a flushing opening.
- a fractionation device By designing the device in such a way that an end of the flow area facing away from an inlet opening has a substantially conical connecting piece, a fractionation device is created which, in comparison to conventional fractionation devices, has no sharp corners or edges, so that it remains stuck or Accumulation of elongated particles or fibers, for example cellulose fibers, cannot be carried out at the edges or only with great difficulty and thus the entrance area can be kept in the annular channel.
- the conical connecting piece furthermore has an outlet opening which is tapered towards its inlet end, possibly opening with a tube with an enlarged cross-section, the fiber network contained in the suspension can be broken open for a short time, possibly including in the fiber network Fine substances and short fibers reach the edge area of the conical connecting piece through a mixing process.
- elongated particles mean any solid particle that has a greater longitudinal than transverse extension, such as cellulose fibers, plastic fibers or the like.
- the outlet opening of each fractionation device is connected to at least one further fractionation device, optionally with the interposition of an intermediate piece provided with a flushing opening.
- the rinsing opening is of particular importance in so far that, despite the special geometry of the device for fractionation, lumps of elongated particles or stuck elongated particles that are formed can be quickly flushed out of the device by diluting the suspension and can be fed to a further fractionation.
- the particle concentration can be adjusted through the rinsing opening, so that optimal conditions can be guaranteed in all the fractionation devices, which are also arranged in series.
- such a fractionation device can be operated both stationary and non-stationary, which means that an inlet flow rate and an inlet fiber concentration can be variable over time, ie the speed of the flow can change as well as the fiber concentration in the suspension containing elongated particles.
- at least one distributor is arranged in front of each fractionation device, which, as corresponds to a development of the invention, as an essentially at least two-pronged fork-shaped Power distributor is formed.
- the feed stream can be divided equally into two fractionation devices without an undesirable accumulation of elongated particles in the distributor, in particular at the fork point of the distributor.
- a so-called "strand flake” is formed in the annular channel .
- a strand flake arises only in an annular channel, the ratio of the channel diameter to the average fiber length being less than 5;
- the formation of the strand flake depends on the inlet geometry in the annular channel, the acceleration at the entrance to the annular channel and the fiber characteristics. It may be necessary to disperse the fiber before entering the annular channel; the fibers can be dispersed, for example, by introducing the suspension containing elongated particles into the sorting stage.
- a strand flake which is not or poorly formed and thus a poorly formed network can in particular result in the fiber flakes which are firmly connected to one another being separated and pulled as a whole into the annular opening. If such pulling of firmly connected fiber flakes occurs in the opening, selective fractionation of the suspension containing long fibers cannot be guaranteed, just as the blockage-free operation of the device cannot be guaranteed in the case of an undesirably composed suspension.
- the device according to the invention is further developed in such a way that a bottom region of the distributor which is essentially opposite an inlet pipe of the power distributor and is arranged between the outlet pipes is rounded, an accumulation of elongated particles becomes due to the geometry of the distributor, especially in the fork area, with certainty that losses or undesired relocation of the device are also avoided.
- a distributor it is also possible to break up particle agglomerates contained in the suspension and thus to distribute a uniform distribution of the particles contained in the suspension evenly in both outlet pipes of the distributor.
- the particle agglomerates are broken up essentially by introducing swirls, which swirls can be formed with the aid of a diffuser or also moving internals or various other geometries which are not explained in more detail here.
- a cascade of power distributors can be arranged one behind the other, as corresponds to a development of the invention. With such a configuration, it is of course possible that the cross section of each individual distributor differs from the cross section of the previous distributor in that the cross section of the inlet pipe of the first distributor is larger or with a larger diameter than that of the respective subsequent distributor.
- Such a cascade of power distributors makes it possible to form several 100 or 1,000 de outlet openings, each of which is connected to a fractionation device. It is of course possible to combine the cascade of power distributors provided according to the invention with any distributors known from the prior art.
- An example of such a known distributor is a central distributor or also a cross-flow distributor, of which, for example, the central distributor can be used as a pre-distributor, in particular due to its very good damping effect, and the cross-flow distributor, in particular due to its advantageous geometry.
- the invention is further developed in such a way that a ratio of an inner diameter of the flow area to a characteristic length of the elongated particles is chosen between 1 and 5, preferably between 2 and 3 , By choosing the ratio between the inside diameter of the flow area to the average fiber length of the elongated particles, it is ensured that a characteristic pressure loss characteristic is achieved which is essentially congruent with that of water.
- the characteristic length of the elongated particles is understood to mean the length-weighted average length, without taking into account the fraction of fine material possibly contained in the suspension, which is typically determined by a particle length of less than 200 ⁇ m.
- the collection chamber has a multiple of the volume of the annular channel.
- the device is designed in such a way that the collecting chamber is articulated, for example, as an annular collecting chamber on the annular channel.
- the Collection chamber on a cross-sectional area enlarged in relation to an overall cross-section of the flow area. It goes without saying that, according to the present invention, a plurality of parallel fractionation geometries can also be connected in one step directly to a single, correspondingly large-sized collection chamber.
- the fractionation slot is designed as an uninterrupted annular gap in order in turn to reliably prevent long particles sticking to parts protruding into the interior of the fractionation device.
- the fractionation slot is preferably dimensioned in such a way that its opening is between 0.05 times and 1.5 times the average particle length of the particles flowing through the annular channel. With such a dimensioning of the fractionation slot, it can be ensured that the full extent of the flow area can be used for fractionation and that it is not narrowed in a disadvantageous manner.
- small slot widths which correspond to 0.05 times the average particle length of the particles flowing through the annular channel or larger in terms of the separation behavior have proven to be particularly preferred, since it is possible to use elongated particles, for example fibers made of softwood pulp, for example an average particle length of 2 to 3 mm, in particular 2.2 mm, without cutting off any blockage or laying of the ring-shaped channel from the suspension.
- the device is designed such that a ratio of the inside diameter of the flow area to a characteristic length of the elongated particles is between 1 and 5, preferably 3.
- this corresponds to an inside diameter of a flow area of the essentially tubular fractionation device between 3 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 10 mm and in particular between 6 mm and 8 mm.
- Such an inside diameter is chosen in accordance with the liquid flow, a pressure drop of the suspension containing elongate particles being produced in agreement with a pressure drop of water with the same process bonds.
- the essentially conical connecting piece has a conical jacket with a radius. Since the essentially conical connecting piece has a curvature or a radius, in particular a curvature of the cone shell inwards, an embodiment is created which has no sharp corners or edges, so that elongated particles, for example cellulose fibers, become trapped and in particular get caught. inside the device becomes almost impossible and thus stable and energy-saving operation of the device can be achieved.
- a reliable sliding of entrained elongated particles from the walls of the device is achieved according to a further development of the invention in that the connections of the essentially conical connecting piece with the adjacent elements of the fractionation device, in particular the flow area, the annular channel and the intermediate piece, are rounded off are.
- the rounded design of all the connecting parts and also the acute angle of the articulation of the annular channel to the conical connecting piece ensures that the elongated particles slide on the individual parts of the device and makes it almost impossible for the device to be trapped by particles which have got caught ,
- a deposition of other particles possibly contained in the suspension containing the elongated particles is also reliably prevented.
- the invention further aims to provide a method with which it is possible to process suspensions in such a way that the elongated particles contained can also be separated from streams with a Reynolds number greater than 10,000.
- the Reynolds numbers given in the present context relate to the viscosity of water at 25 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C.
- a method for fractionating a suspension containing elongated particles is essentially characterized in that the essentially tubular fractionation device is operated with a Reynolds number of more than 10,000 and in that a flow of the suspension enriched with elongated particles is either discharged through an outlet opening is or optionally introduced into at least one further fractionation device, optionally with the interposition of an intermediate piece provided with a flushing opening.
- the tendency to block inside the device can be reduced as much as possible so that a high concentration of the elongated particles is only achieved inside a flow area, which further reduces a tendency to block the device.
- a ring current is generated inside the flow area.
- fine material is drawn out of the network of long particles that is located inside the annular channel, whereby the desired fractionation can be further improved.
- the essentially conical connecting piece has only a low reduction rate, ie a low towards the cone, the tendency to relocate it is further reduced.
- the formation of the thin liquid film close to the wall also ensures that the wall friction in the annular channel is kept low and blocking of the channel is thus essentially prevented.
- a liquid film is formed along the wall of the ring-shaped channel, which contains almost no elongated particles, and by forming this liquid film close to the wall, the wall friction in the channel is kept low and thus counteracts blocking of the channel.
- the Reynolds number of the suspension in the fractionation device is selected between greater than 10,000 and 100,000, preferably greater than 15,000 inside the device, as this corresponds to a development of the invention, it is not only possible to fractionate suspensions with a higher particle concentration in the process according to the invention but in particular to increase the throughput through the device to such an extent that the device and the method can be used on an industrial scale.
- this is selected such that the suspension containing elongated particles with a crowding number of the elongated particles in the liquid between 60 and 360, in particular about 200, is introduced into the flow area.
- the diameter in particular the diameter here becomes the inner diameter understood
- the flow range is selected as described above, it is possible to drastically reduce the area of the open surface compared to conventional devices, in particular, for example, by a factor of about 300.
- such a procedure on an industrial scale can be significant fewer number of fractionation devices are used than has been described in the prior art.
- the crowding number is that of R.J. Kerekes and C.U. Schell, Characterization of Fiber Flocculation by a Crowding Factor. J. Pulp Paper Sc. 18, 1 (1992), 32-38 understood which crowding number represents a factor which is the mean number of fibers which are in a spherical control volume, the sphere diameter of which corresponds to the mean fiber length in the suspension , Are defined.
- the method is designed such that the suspension is introduced through a plurality, in particular a cascade, of distributors into a plurality of fractionation devices corresponding to a number of the discharge openings of the distributors.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a schematic representation of an essentially tubular fractionation device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a section through a multi-channel module with distributors around four essentially tubular fractionation devices according to the invention.
- a diameter or inner diameter of the flow area 4 of the essentially tubular fractionation device 1 preferably has a ratio of the inner diameter of the flow area to the average particle length between 1 and 5, preferably 3. In a conventional pulp suspension, such a ratio corresponds to an inside diameter of the flow area 4 between 3 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 10 mm and in particular between 6 mm and 8 mm.
- An essentially conical connecting piece 5 is articulated at the outlet end of the flow area 4, from which an annular channel 6 branches off from the conical connecting piece 5.
- the annular channel 6 here forms an acute angle with the flow area 4, the conical connecting piece 5 being designed in such a way that the inner walls thereof are slightly curved in order to prevent the elongated particles contained in the suspension from getting caught.
- a fractionation slot 7 is formed, the slot width of which is selected so that it is essentially not blocked by the elongated particles contained in the suspension, but is so small as to reliably prevent excessive entrainment of elongated particles ,
- a slot width between 0.05 times and greater than the average particle length of the particles flowing through the annular channel is preferably selected, slot widths of approximately 0.25 times the average particle length being preferred.
- a discharge opening 8 of the flow area 4 opens into a collecting chamber 9, which collecting chamber 9 can be designed, for example, as a trough. Instead of a collecting chamber 9, however, the device can also be designed such that the collecting chamber 9 is designed as an intermediate piece, to which intermediate piece a further flow area 4 is articulated.
- a rinsing opening or a rinsing valve 10 can be provided, as shown in FIG. 1, to ensure that essentially elongated particles do not get caught or to dilute the suspension to the concentration that is optimal for them.
- the annular channel 6, by means of which the ring flow formed in the flow area 4 is derived from liquid which does not contain any of the particles belonging to the long fiber fraction defined in advance, in turn opens into a collecting chamber 11, which collecting chamber 11 has a cross section which is one with respect to an overall cross section of the flow area 4 is enlarged, thereby ensuring a laminar or stress-free inflow of the drawn-off liquid into the collecting chamber 11 and a uniform removal of the liquid can be ensured over the entire circumference of the annular channel 6.
- the collecting chamber 11 has a volume which exceeds that of the annular channel 6 by a multiple.
- a suspension at 2 is now introduced into the flow area 4.
- a ring stream is now formed in the interior thereof, the liquid flowing on the tube wall of the flow area 4 contains almost no fibers or elongated particles or at most fine substances with an extremely short length and in the center essentially a stream enriched with particles is formed, the Concentration of the particles inside or in the middle area of the flow area 4 is significantly higher than in the area of its tube wall.
- a liquid film is formed along the wall of the annular channel, which contains almost no elongated particles, and by forming this liquid film close to the wall, the wall friction in the channel is kept low and blockage of the channel is thus avoided.
- each fractionation device 1 is connected to an essentially at least two-pronged fork-shaped distributor 12, in particular current distributor 12, as shown in FIG. 2.
- a bottom region 15 of the distributor 12 which is opposite to an outlet pipe r 13 and is arranged between the outlet pipes 14, is rounded off.
- Such a rounded design of the base region 15 of the distributor 12 also ensures in the distributor 12 that it is not displaced by elongated particles or particle clumps which have got stuck and in particular a uniform inflow and a uniform distribution of the suspension in both outlet pipes 14 is ensured.
- a cascade of distributors 12 is arranged one behind the other for use on an industrial scale in order to achieve a multiplication of the number of fractionation devices 1 which are fed by one and the same feed.
- the inflow is shown schematically at 16 in FIG. 2.
- fractionation devices 1 are designed essentially as shown in FIG. 1, wherein a further discussion of these fractionation devices 1 does not appear to be necessary here.
- the four fractionation devices 1 are connected to a common collecting basin 17, into which the suspension enriched with elongated particles is discharged. If a further equalization of the particle size of the particles contained in the suspension is desired, a further row of essentially tubular fractionation devices can be articulated on the first row of fractionation devices 1 and thus further batches of small particles or fine substances from the suspension be carried out.
- such a device can have more than 1,000 individual fractionation devices 1 or can be enlarged as desired.
- the fractionation achieved with the process control is not limited exclusively to the lower concentration range, but can also extend into the higher concentration range, with fractionation taking place regardless of the concentration.
- the separation from a homogeneous batch with respect to the particle size of, for example, cellulose fibers from a suspension containing cellulose fibers of different lengths, for example from waste paper is industrial without the use of excessive energy, as is the case, for example, with pressure sorters possible with almost no loss of material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA258/2018A AT521055B1 (de) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-08-22 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Fraktionieren von längliche Partikel enthaltenden Suspensionen |
PCT/EP2019/072336 WO2020038979A1 (de) | 2018-08-22 | 2019-08-21 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum fraktionieren von längliche partikel enthaltenden suspensionen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3841246A1 true EP3841246A1 (de) | 2021-06-30 |
Family
ID=67704526
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19756362.0A Pending EP3841246A1 (de) | 2018-08-22 | 2019-08-21 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum fraktionieren von längliche partikel enthaltenden suspensionen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3841246A1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT521055B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020038979A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO872836L (no) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-15 | Sigurd Fongen | Trykksatt avvanningspresse for fibersuspensjoner. |
-
2018
- 2018-08-22 AT ATA258/2018A patent/AT521055B1/de active
-
2019
- 2019-08-21 EP EP19756362.0A patent/EP3841246A1/de active Pending
- 2019-08-21 WO PCT/EP2019/072336 patent/WO2020038979A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT521055B1 (de) | 2019-10-15 |
WO2020038979A1 (de) | 2020-02-27 |
AT521055A4 (de) | 2019-10-15 |
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