EP3839998A1 - Elektrischer schalter mit verschleisskontakten - Google Patents

Elektrischer schalter mit verschleisskontakten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3839998A1
EP3839998A1 EP20214307.9A EP20214307A EP3839998A1 EP 3839998 A1 EP3839998 A1 EP 3839998A1 EP 20214307 A EP20214307 A EP 20214307A EP 3839998 A1 EP3839998 A1 EP 3839998A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminal
arm
wear contact
contact
wear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20214307.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nicolas Quentin
Jérôme DELON
David CLARENS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport Technologies SAS filed Critical Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Publication of EP3839998A1 publication Critical patent/EP3839998A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H01H31/30—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact actuated through the movement of one or more insulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/123—Load break switches in which the auxiliary contact pivots on the main contact-arm and performs a delayed and accelerated movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/123—Load break switches in which the auxiliary contact pivots on the main contact-arm and performs a delayed and accelerated movement
    • H01H33/124—Load break switches in which the auxiliary contact pivots on the main contact-arm and performs a delayed and accelerated movement the auxiliary contact being a whip contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/026—Movable parts and contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H9/383—Arcing contact pivots relative to the movable contact assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H9/386—Arcing contact pivots relative to the fixed contact assembly

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising at least one such switch.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a switch, the manufacture being an initial manufacture or a retrofit to obtain the switch.
  • Such a switch is suitable for the power supply of vehicles, in particular railways, that is to say to voltages of the order of 15000V to 25000 V.
  • the opening or closing of the switch causes the appearance of one or more electric arcs between the arm and the second terminal. Indeed, as long as the arm and the second terminal are sufficiently close to each other, the electric voltage between these two elements causes ionization of the air and a displacement of electric charges between the arm and the second terminal. These electric arcs are liable to cause material removal and / or alteration on the arm and on the second terminal.
  • one aim of the invention is to provide a switch of the type described above offering an improved service life, all other things being equal.
  • the subject of the invention is a switch according to claim 1.
  • the switch comprises one or more of the characteristics corresponding to claims 2 to 5, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination.
  • the subject of the invention is also a vehicle according to claim 6.
  • the vehicle comprises the characteristics of claim 7.
  • a subject of the invention is a method according to claim 8.
  • the vehicle 10 is a railway vehicle supplied electrically with high voltage by systems not shown.
  • the term “high voltage” is understood to mean, for example, a voltage greater than or equal to 10 kV, advantageously around 25 kV.
  • the vehicle 10 is not a railway vehicle, but for example a trolleybus or any other vehicle usually supplied with high voltage.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a roof 12, a first electrical circuit 14, a second electrical circuit 16, and an electrical switch 18 located electrically between the first electrical circuit 14 and the second electrical circuit 16.
  • the first electrical circuit 14 comprises for example a pantograph (not shown) adapted to be connected to a catenary (not shown) intended to provide electrical power to the vehicle 10.
  • the second electric circuit 16 is for example a circuit for distributing electric power in the vehicle 10.
  • the second electric circuit 16 is for example connected to an electric transformer (not shown), or to other equipment consuming electricity (also not shown).
  • the vehicle 10 comprises several switches similar to the switch 18, which makes it possible for example to distribute the electric power to several electric sub-circuits from the first electric circuit 14 or else from another electric circuit.
  • the switch 18 comprises a support 20 fixed on or in the roof 12, a first terminal 22 electrically connected to the first electric circuit 14, and a second terminal 24 electrically connected to the second electric circuit 16.
  • the switch 18 also comprises an arm 26 electrically connected. to the first terminal 22, and movable in rotation about an axis D1 with respect to the second terminal 24 between a closed position of the switch (shown in figure 3 ), an open position (shown in the figure 1 ), and various intermediate positions (one of which is shown on the figure 2 ).
  • the switch 18 further comprises a first wear contact 28 electrically and mechanically connected to the arm 26 by a first connection system 30.
  • the switch also comprises a second wear contact 32 electrically and mechanically connected to the second terminal 24 by a second connection system 34.
  • the first terminal 22 comprises for example an electrically insulating part 36 rotatably mounted on the support 20 around the axis of rotation D1, and an electrically conductive part 38 on which the arm 26 is fixed and connected to the first electrical circuit 14.
  • the second terminal 24 comprises for example an electrically insulating part 40 fixed to the support 20, and jaws 42 adapted to receive, in the closed position of the switch, a distal end 44 of the arm 26 with respect to the first terminal 22.
  • insulator is meant that the element is not suitable for conducting electricity and has, for example, a resistivity greater than 10 5 ⁇ .m.
  • the arm 26 is for example rectilinear.
  • the arm 26 is for example fixed to the first terminal 22 and advantageously adapted to be driven in rotation about the axis D1 by the first terminal.
  • the first wear contact 28 and the second wear contact 32 are advantageously similar to each other structurally. They form for example two plates, and are advantageously made of an alloy of silver and / or tungsten.
  • the first connection system 30 and the second connection system 34 are adapted so that the first wear contact 28 and the second wear contact 32 are away from each other in the open position. in order to avoid an electric arc between these two wear contacts.
  • connection systems 30, 34 are also adapted so that the wear contacts 28, 32 are close to one another in the intermediate position shown in the figure. figure 2 , in order to allow the appearance of an electric arc 46 between them, the arm 26 and the second terminal 24 being sufficiently apart from each other to avoid any electric arc between the arm and the second terminal.
  • the wear contacts 28, 32 are, in this intermediate position, the closest conductive parts connected on the one hand to the arm 26 and on the other hand to the second terminal 24.
  • connection systems 30 and 34 are chosen as a function of the voltage present between the terminals 22 and 24. It will be ensured that the intermediate position corresponds to the starting position, that is to say of creation of an electric arc between the wear contacts 28 and 32 or when the wear contacts 28 and 32 come into contact, the distance between the jaws 42 and the end 44 of the arm being for example at least 10% greater than the distance between the connection systems 30 and 34 at the time of priming.
  • connection systems 30, 34 are also adapted so that, in an intermediate position in which the arm 26 is slightly closer to the second terminal 24 than on the figure 2 , the wear contacts 28, 32 are in contact with one another.
  • the contact is plane for greater ease of production.
  • the contact is punctual, for example if the wear contacts 28, 32 are convex.
  • connection systems 30, 34 are finally adapted so that the wear contacts 28, 32 remain in contact with one another from this intermediate position (in which the wear contacts come into contact with one another. (other or are electrically connected to each other via an electric arc) up to the closed position, the contact preferably remaining flat.
  • first connection system 30 and the second connection system 34 are structurally similar to each other.
  • the first connection system 30 comprises a first flexible member 48, electrically conductive, having a proximal end 50 fixed on the arm 26, and a distal end 52 fixed on the first wear contact 28.
  • conductor is meant that the element is suitable for conducting electricity, its resistivity being for example less than 10 -7 ⁇ .m.
  • the first flexible member 48 is configured to allow the first wear contact 28 to be closer to the arm 26 in the closed position than in the intermediate position shown in the figure. figure 2 .
  • the second connection system 34 comprises a second flexible member 54, for example substantially symmetrical with the first flexible member 48 with respect to a plane P ( figure 2 ).
  • the second flexible member 54 in the example shown, has a proximal end 56 fixed to the second terminal 24, and a distal end 58 fixed to the second wear contact 32.
  • the second flexible member 54 is configured to allow the second wear contact to be closer to the second terminal in the closed position than in the intermediate position shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the first flexible member 48 and the second flexible member 54 are integral with the first wear contact 28 and the second wear contact 32 respectively.
  • the assemblies thus formed comprise a material. conductive and resistant to electric arc 46, for example a copper-tungsten alloy. These assemblies are advantageously made of this alloy.
  • the open position ( figure 1 ) makes it possible to electrically isolate the first electric circuit 14 from the second electric circuit 16. No electric current passes from the first terminal 22 to the second terminal 24. In fact, in the open position, the arm 26 and the first contact 28 are respectively away from the jaws 42 and from the second wear contact 32. Given the electrical voltages involved, no electric arc appears between these elements.
  • the first terminal 22 is actuated in rotation with respect to the support 20 about the axis of rotation D1 by means not shown, which drives the arm 26 in rotation towards the second terminal 24.
  • This also has the effect of bringing the wear contacts 28, 32 from each other.
  • the arm 26 is rotated relative to the support 20 about the axis of rotation D1 in the opposite direction by the first terminal 22.
  • the wear contacts 28, 32 initially in contact in the closed position, remain in contact with each other as the arm 26 begins to move away from the jaws 42, preventing the occurrence of an electric arc between the arm and the second terminal.
  • the method includes providing the first terminal 22 and the second terminal 24, and the arm 26.
  • the method further comprises providing the first wear contact 28 and the second wear contact 32, and their electrical and mechanical connection, respectively to the arm 26 and to the second terminal 24, respectively by the first connection system 30 and the second connection system 34.
  • the manufacturing process is a retrofit or product improvement process when the operations of supplying or designing the first terminal 22, the second terminal 24 and the arm 26 have been carried out for a long time during the manufacture of 'a conventional switch, and that the steps of providing the wear contacts 28, 32 and the connection systems 30, 34 are carried out some time later to improve the switch.
  • the first wear contact 28 is for example supplied already fixed on the first flexible member 48.
  • the distal end 50 is then easily fixed on the arm 26, for example using a clip 60.
  • the fastener 60 is adapted to allow angular adjustment of the first flexible member 48 about an axis D2 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation D1. This makes it possible to select an intermediate position of the arm 26 in rotation around the axis of rotation D1 with respect to the second terminal 24 from which the wear contacts 28, 32 come into electrical and / or physical contact with one another. with each other when closing, or separate from each other when opening.
  • switch 118 (partially shown) constituting a variant of the switch 18.
  • the switches 118 is analogous to switch 18 shown in figures 1 to 3 . Similar elements have the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described in detail below.
  • the first wear contact 28 is mounted on the arm 26 using a connection system 130.
  • connection system 130 comprises a rigid member 148 and a return member 150.
  • the rigid member 148 is electrically conductive and carries the first wear contact 28.
  • the rigid member is mounted so as to be able to rotate on the arm 26 about a pivot axis D3, between a position at rest (shown in FIG. figure 5 ), and a compressed position (not shown but deduced from the position at rest by a rotation of the rigid member 148 about the axis D3), in which the first wear contact 28 is closer to the arm 26 than in the rest position.
  • the rigid member 148 is for example a rod or a rectilinear blade.
  • the rigid member 148 is for example mounted on the arm using a hinge 152 defining the pivot axis D3.
  • the return member 150 is for example a spring 154 mounted in compression between a distal end 156 of the rigid member 148 and the arm 26.
  • connection system of the second wear contact 32 is for example similar to the connection system 130.
  • connection systems 30, 34 only one of the connection systems 30, 34 has flexibility. In fact, in order to dampen the contact between the wear contacts 28, 32 and obtain prolonged contact, it suffices for only one of the two connection systems to be flexible.

Landscapes

  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP20214307.9A 2019-12-16 2020-12-15 Elektrischer schalter mit verschleisskontakten Pending EP3839998A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1914462A FR3104806B1 (fr) 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 Commutateur électrique avec contacts d’usure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3839998A1 true EP3839998A1 (de) 2021-06-23

Family

ID=70154544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20214307.9A Pending EP3839998A1 (de) 2019-12-16 2020-12-15 Elektrischer schalter mit verschleisskontakten

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3839998A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3104806B1 (de)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1873680A (en) * 1927-06-18 1932-08-23 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Switch mechanism
US2140814A (en) * 1935-03-11 1938-12-20 Line Material Co Electrical switch
DE886617C (de) * 1951-02-23 1955-09-12 Werner Soehnchen Elektrischer Kontakt mit laengsgeschlitztem federndem Rohrstueck
JPH0220741Y2 (de) * 1983-09-17 1990-06-06
FR2865973A1 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-12 Faiveley Transport Dispositif multifonction pour systeme ferroviaire de captage de courant
US20060186090A1 (en) * 2005-02-21 2006-08-24 Jong-Sung Kang Breaker for providing successive trip mechanism based on PTC current-limiting device
EP2474989A2 (de) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-11 Tai-Her Yang Sequentiell schaltende Vorrichtung mit umgebender heterogener Verbindungspunktstruktur
US8829372B1 (en) * 2011-03-04 2014-09-09 Power Products, Llc Air break electrical switch having a blade open/closed indicator

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1873680A (en) * 1927-06-18 1932-08-23 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Switch mechanism
US2140814A (en) * 1935-03-11 1938-12-20 Line Material Co Electrical switch
DE886617C (de) * 1951-02-23 1955-09-12 Werner Soehnchen Elektrischer Kontakt mit laengsgeschlitztem federndem Rohrstueck
JPH0220741Y2 (de) * 1983-09-17 1990-06-06
FR2865973A1 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-12 Faiveley Transport Dispositif multifonction pour systeme ferroviaire de captage de courant
US20060186090A1 (en) * 2005-02-21 2006-08-24 Jong-Sung Kang Breaker for providing successive trip mechanism based on PTC current-limiting device
EP2474989A2 (de) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-11 Tai-Her Yang Sequentiell schaltende Vorrichtung mit umgebender heterogener Verbindungspunktstruktur
US8829372B1 (en) * 2011-03-04 2014-09-09 Power Products, Llc Air break electrical switch having a blade open/closed indicator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3104806B1 (fr) 2022-06-10
FR3104806A1 (fr) 2021-06-18

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Owner name: ALSTOM HOLDINGS