EP3833478A1 - Aufbereitungsvorrichtung zur aufbereitung eines fluids, mit hilfe eines umlaufenden aufbereitungsmediums - Google Patents
Aufbereitungsvorrichtung zur aufbereitung eines fluids, mit hilfe eines umlaufenden aufbereitungsmediumsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3833478A1 EP3833478A1 EP19752506.6A EP19752506A EP3833478A1 EP 3833478 A1 EP3833478 A1 EP 3833478A1 EP 19752506 A EP19752506 A EP 19752506A EP 3833478 A1 EP3833478 A1 EP 3833478A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- processing
- medium
- fluid
- processing device
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/10—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor with moving ion-exchange material; with ion-exchange material in suspension or in fluidised-bed form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/007—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with multiple filtering elements in series connection
- B01D24/008—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with multiple filtering elements in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/04—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being clamped between pervious fixed walls
- B01D24/08—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being clamped between pervious fixed walls the filtering material being supported by at least two pervious coaxial walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/28—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed moving during the filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/36—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed fluidised during the filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4668—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element
- B01D24/4689—Displacement of the filtering material to a compartment of the filtering device for regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3206—Organic carriers, supports or substrates
- B01J20/3208—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/10—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/05—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds
- B01J49/06—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of fixed beds containing cationic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
Definitions
- Processing device for processing a fluid, using a
- the present invention relates to a device for processing a fluid.
- the fluid is processed, for example, using mechanical separation, such as dead-end filtering.
- dead-end filters In so-called dead-end filters, the separated filter cake collects on the filter surfaces or in the filter bed and blocks it sooner or later. As a result, cleaning (for example with the aid of backwashing) is required, which causes an interruption in operation and, as a result, mostly other linked systems.
- Embodiments provide a processing device for processing a fluid, in particular with the aid of a mechanical separation.
- the processing device has a processing medium which has a round granulate.
- the processing device furthermore has two walls which are arranged opposite one another. At least part of the treatment medium is arranged between the two walls.
- the fluid flows through the treatment medium.
- the treatment medium through which flow forms a flow area. At least one of the two walls is fluid-permeable, so that the fluid enters the processing medium through the fluid-permeable wall or exits from the processing medium.
- the processing device is designed to transport at least part of the processing medium, guided through the walls, continuously through the flow area.
- the fluid can be liquid and / or gaseous.
- the fluid can have water, in particular water, as the main component.
- the round granulate is a spherical granulate.
- the processing medium can consist of round granules or of spherical granules.
- a ratio between a maximum diameter and a minimum diameter of the respective granule particle can be less than 10, or less than 5 or less than 3, or less than 2, or less than 1.5, or less than 1.3, or less than 1.2.
- An average granule particle size of the round granulate can be larger than 5 micrometers, or larger than 10 micrometers, or larger than 20 micrometers.
- the average granule size can be less than 10 centimeters, or less than 5 centimeters.
- the mechanical separation is dead-end filtering.
- the dead-end filtering can have surface filtering and / or depth filtering.
- the walls can be rigid. In at least a section of the walls, the walls can run parallel or essentially parallel relative to one another.
- the fluid can enter the treatment medium through one of the walls and exit the treatment medium through the other of the two walls.
- the walls can form a processing chamber.
- the processing chamber can be filled with the processing medium.
- the processing chamber can be fluid-permeable.
- the fluid can strike the wall at an angle, in particular perpendicular to the surface of one of the walls, in order to enter the treatment medium.
- the fluid After exiting the treatment medium, the fluid can enter a further treatment medium, which is arranged in a further treatment chamber.
- the processing medium can be transportable relative to the walls.
- the round granulate in particular the spheres of a spherical granulate
- the walls can have one or more openings.
- the openings can be impermeable to the granulate particles of the round granulate and permeable to at least part of the fluid.
- the openings can be designed as a through opening.
- the openings can form a two-dimensional ordered or disordered array of openings in the wall.
- the processing medium is designed for mechanical filtering.
- the treatment medium can be a filter medium.
- the preparation can immobilize a portion of the fluid to be filtered relative to the preparation medium.
- the preparation can include a separation, in particular a particle separation, of the portion of the fluid to be filtered in the preparation medium.
- the processing medium can be designed such that the portion of the fluid to be filtered adheres directly or indirectly to the processing medium (for example via previously filtered portions of the fluid).
- the deposition can produce a filter cake, which is at least partially formed by filtered portions of the fluid.
- the filter cake can deposit in an area where the fluid enters the treatment medium.
- filtered portions of the fluid can be deposited in an interior of the processing medium, for example as a result of depth filtering.
- the preparation can have a mechanical solid / liquid separation and / or a mechanical solid / gaseous separation.
- the treatment medium can be designed to modify a portion of the fluid to be filtered.
- the modification can include a modification of structural, chemical and / or physical properties of the portion to be filtered.
- the processing medium can be designed to have a chemical composition of the portion to be filtered, a geometric structure (such as an atomic-geometric structure or a structure on a larger length scale) of particles of the portion to be filtered, a state of charge of the particles (in particular a state of surface charge) and / or to change a polarization of the particles.
- the portion to be filtered can be modified such that a functionalization, such as chemical, in particular biochemical, functionalization of the portion of the fluid to be filtered is effected.
- particles can be understood to mean individual atoms, individual molecules or a particle composed of several separate atoms and / or molecules.
- the processing medium can be designed to initiate a chemical reaction with at least part of the portion to be filtered and / or to catalyze this part.
- the treatment medium can be designed for an ion exchange with the fluid.
- the treatment medium can be designed to replace dissolved ions of the fluid by other ions, in particular by other ions of the same charge, which are provided by the treatment medium.
- the processing device can function as an ion exchanger.
- a surface of the granulate particles of the round granulate is coated.
- the chemical reaction with the portion of the fluid to be filtered and / or the catalytic effect on the portion of the fluid to be filtered can be brought about.
- the round granules it is conceivable for the round granules to consist of a material which undergoes a chemical reaction with at least one component of the fluid.
- granular particles of the round granulate can contain manganese oxide (Mn x O x ).
- the manganese oxide can, for example, be contained in a coating of the granulate particles. This makes it possible to carry out a manganese filtration of water, in particular of drinking water.
- a surface of the granulate particles of the round granulate can be smooth or have a roughness.
- the granulate particles of the round granulate can be solid or porous.
- the granulate particles can be rigid.
- the granulate particles can have particles made of glass, ceramic, metal, polymer, plastic, minerals, granulated iron hydroxide (manufactured for example by GEH Wasserchemie, Osnabrück, Germany) and / or resin.
- the processing medium can be introduced into the flow area and / or can be brought out of the flow area.
- the continuous transport can be continuous or discontinuous.
- the processing medium is in the form of granules.
- the treatment medium can be a bed.
- the processing medium has a spherical granulate.
- the processing medium is a round granulate, in particular a spherical granulate.
- An average deviation of the particle size distribution of all granule particles from an average granule particle size can be less than 30%, or less than 20%, or less than 10% of the average granule particle size.
- the mean granule particle size can be defined as an average over all granule particle sizes of the particle size distribution.
- the mean value can be, for example, an arithmetic mean, a geometric mean, a square mean or a median. Other methods of calculating the mean for calculating the mean are conceivable.
- a particle size of a granule particle can be defined as a minimum diameter of the granule particle.
- the particle size can be a volume-equivalent spherical diameter of the granulate particle.
- the particle size can be defined as a maximum diameter of the granulate particle.
- the granulate particles can fill all or essentially the entire flow range.
- the granulate particles can be arranged in the flow area in a maximum packing density. Due to the maximum packing density, an increased predefined selectivity for the filtration can be obtained.
- the treatment device is designed in such a way that the continuous transport of the treatment medium takes place at least occasionally simultaneously with the flow of the fluid through the treatment medium.
- the processing device has an essentially fluid-tight lock device.
- the lock device can be designed to discharge at least part of the treatment medium from the flow area into a fluid-free area.
- the lock device can be configured, for example, as a cellular wheel lock.
- the lock device can be designed to set a throughput of the processing medium with the aid of the continuous transport.
- the throughput can be achieved by operating the cellular wheel, in particular by a rotational speed of the cellular wheel can be regulated.
- the throughput can relate to a predefined unit of time, such as a second, a minute or an hour.
- the throughput can be measured, for example, in units of volume per time or in units of mass per time.
- At least part of a force for generating a movement of the processing medium for the continuous transport is caused by a gravity of the processing medium, i.e. generated by its own weight.
- a gravity of the processing medium i.e. generated by its own weight.
- One or both walls can be oriented vertically or substantially vertically.
- the continuous transport can take place in the direction or essentially in the direction of gravity.
- the processing device has a throughput control device for controlling a throughput of the processing medium through the flow area, the throughput taking place with the aid of the continuous transport.
- the throughput control device can be designed, for example, as a cellular wheel sluice.
- the throughput control device can pressurize the treatment medium or generate a suction, so that the treatment medium is continuously transported between the walls by means of the pressure or suction.
- the treatment device further has a measuring device for detecting a particle fraction of the fluid downstream of the treatment medium.
- the processing medium can be designed to separate the particles of the measured particle fraction. For example, in the case of depth filtering, an increased proportion of the particles to be separated can occur in the fluid downstream of the treatment medium if the treatment medium is filled with separated particles in such a way that particles which have already been separated detach from the treatment medium again.
- the throughput control device can be designed to set the throughput as a function of the detected particle fraction.
- the processing device has a measuring device for detecting a differential pressure and / or a volume flow between a portion of the fluid that is upstream of the processing medium and a portion of the fluid that is downstream of the processing medium.
- the throughput control device can be designed to control the throughput as a function of the sensed differential pressure and / or as a function of the sensed volume flow.
- At least part of the treatment medium is removed from the flow area of the fluid by the continuous transport. According to a further embodiment, at least part of the treatment medium removed is returned to the flow area with the aid of the continuous transport.
- the processing device furthermore has a processing device for processing, in particular for regenerating, at least a part of the removed processing medium.
- the processing may include a separation of a portion of the fluid, filtered off using the treatment medium, from the treatment medium.
- the separation can include sedimentation of the filtered portion or the processing medium, for example.
- the processing may include removal of deposits, such as precipitates (e.g. calcium carbonate), which differ from the portion being filtered.
- the processing device can be designed to modify the processing medium.
- the modification can include a modification of the structural, chemical and / or physical properties of the treatment medium.
- the processing device can be designed to change a chemical composition of granulate particles of the processing medium, a thread state of the granulate particles (in particular a surface thread state of the granulate particles) and / or a polarization of the granulate particles.
- the modification of the treatment medium can be used, for example, to bring about functionalization, such as chemical, in particular biochemical, functionalization of the treatment medium.
- at least part of a force for generating the continuous transport is generated by a gravity of the processing medium.
- the treatment medium forms a jacket which is open or closed on the circumference.
- the jacket can be open or closed on one or both ends.
- the fluid can flow through the jacket-shaped preparation medium from the inside out or from the outside in.
- the processing device can be designed such that the direction of flow can be reversed.
- the opposite walls delimit a processing chamber in which the round granulate is arranged.
- the treatment medium and the opposite walls form a first treatment chamber of a plurality of treatment chambers of the treatment device.
- Each of the processing chambers can each have a processing medium which has a round granulate or is a round granulate.
- the fluid can penetrate the processing chambers one after the other.
- the round granules of different preparation media can have different average ganule particle sizes.
- the average granule particle sizes of the round granules differ from at least two of the processing chambers by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least a factor 5.
- the average granule particle size can of the round granulate of a first one of the processing chambers is larger than 2 times or larger than 3 times or larger than 4 times or larger than 5 times the average granule particle size of the round granules of a second one of the processing chambers.
- the treatment media of at least two of the treatment chambers have a lower separation limit.
- the processing media of the two processing chambers can be designed such that the separation limits of the treatment media of the two treatment chambers differ by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least a factor 5.
- the separation limit of a treatment medium of a first of the treatment chambers can be greater than 2 times or greater than 3 times or greater than 4 times or greater than 5 times the separation limit of a treatment medium of a second of the treatment chambers.
- At least two of the processing chambers can be adjacent to one another.
- the processing media of the adjacent processing chambers can be separated using an intermediate wall of the processing device.
- One or more openings in the intermediate wall can connect the processing chambers to one another.
- Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a processing device for processing a fluid, in particular with the aid of a mechanical separation.
- the processing device has a plurality of processing chambers. Each of the processing chambers has a round granulate. The fluid passes through the processing chambers one after the other. The round granules of different processing media have different average granule particle sizes. At least two of the processing chambers are adjacent to one another and separated from one another with the aid of an intermediate wall.
- the average granule particle size of the round granules of the processing chambers adjoining one another differs by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least a factor 5.
- each of the treatment media of the adjacent treatment chambers has a lower separation limit.
- the treatment media of the adjoining treatment chambers can be designed such that the separation limits differ by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least one Distinguish factor 5.
- the separation limit can be defined as the size of the particles at which the fraction separation degree, which is caused by the treatment medium, has dropped to 50%.
- the degree of fraction separation of a particle size can be defined as the percentage of particles of the same particle size which can be separated by the treatment medium when the particles hit the treatment medium. The degree of fraction separation therefore relates to a particle size.
- the separation limit can be defined for low differential pressures.
- the round granules have spherical granules or consist of spherical granules.
- the wall in between is impermeable to the granulate particles of the preparation medium which has the larger average granulate particle size.
- the wall in between can be permeable to the granulate particles of the processing medium which has the smaller average granulate particle size.
- the adjoining preparation chambers are designed in such a way that the preparation medium with the round granulate of the larger medium size granulate particle size is impenetrable for at least part of the round granulate of the smaller medium size granule particle size.
- a separation limit of the round granulate of the larger medium size particle size can be less than the smaller medium size particle size or can be less than 80%, or less than 60%, or less than 50% of the smaller medium size particle size.
- the separation limit can be greater than 10% of the smaller average size of the granulate or greater than 20%, or greater than 40% of the smaller size of the average particle size.
- the processing chamber with the round granules of the smaller average granule particle size is arranged upstream of the processing chamber with the round granules of the larger average granule particle size.
- the processing chamber with the smaller middle one Granule particle size can be arranged between two processing chambers with a round granulate of a larger average granule particle size compared to this.
- the round granulate with the smaller average granulate particle size can be the round granulate with the smallest average granule particle size of the processing device.
- each of the processing chambers forms a jacket that is open or closed in the circumferential direction.
- One or more of the jacket-shaped preparation chambers can be open or closed on one or both end faces.
- the jacket-shaped processing chambers can run around a common axis, wherein the jacket-shaped processing chambers can be arranged concentrically or non-concentrically with one another. The fluid can penetrate each of the jackets from the inside to the outside.
- Embodiments provide a method for processing a fluid, particularly with the help of mechanical separation.
- the preparation can take place with the aid of a preparation device.
- the processing device has a processing medium which has a round granulate.
- the processing device furthermore has two walls which are arranged opposite one another, at least part of the processing medium being arranged between the two walls. At least one of the two walls is fluid-permeable, so that the fluid enters the processing medium through the fluid-permeable wall or exits from the processing medium.
- the method comprises a flow through the treatment medium through the fluid, so that the flow through the treatment medium forms a flow area.
- the method further comprises continuously transporting at least part of the treatment medium through the flow area, guided through the walls.
- Point 1 Processing device for processing a fluid, in particular with the aid of a mechanical separation, the processing device comprising: a processing medium which has a round granulate; two walls, which are arranged opposite each other, at least part of the treatment medium being arranged between the two walls, so that the fluid flows through the treatment medium so that the treatment medium through which it forms forms a flow-through region; wherein at least one of the two walls is fluid-permeable, so that the fluid enters or leaves the processing medium through the fluid-permeable wall; and wherein the treatment device is designed to transport at least part of the treatment medium, guided through the walls, continuously through the flow area.
- Point 2 Processing device according to point 1, wherein the processing medium is designed as a filter medium for mechanical filtering.
- Point 3 processing device according to point 1 or 2, wherein the
- Processing medium is granular.
- Point 4 treatment device according to one of the points 1 to 3, the treatment device being designed such that the continuous transport of the treatment medium takes place at least temporarily simultaneously with the flow of the fluid through the treatment medium.
- Point 5 treatment device according to one of the preceding points 1 to 4, further comprising an essentially fluid-tight lock device for discharging at least part of the treatment medium from the flow area into a fluid-free area.
- Item 6 Processing device according to one of the preceding items 1 to 5, further comprising a throughput control device for controlling a throughput of the processing medium through the flow area, the throughput taking place with the aid of the continuous transport.
- Item 7 processing device according to item 6, further comprising a measuring device for detecting a particle fraction of the fluid downstream of the processing medium; wherein the throughput control device is designed to control the throughput as a function of the detected particle fraction.
- Item 8 treatment device according to item 6 or 7, further comprising a measuring device for detecting a differential pressure and / or a volume flow between a portion of the fluid that is upstream of the treatment medium and a portion of the fluid that is downstream of the treatment medium; the throughput control device being designed to control the throughput as a function of the detected differential pressure and / or volume flow.
- Point 9 treatment device according to one of the preceding points 1 to 8, the treatment device being designed such that at least part of the treatment medium is removed from the flow area of the fluid by the continuous transport.
- Item 10 Processing device according to item 9, the processing device being designed in such a way that at least part of the removed processing medium is returned to the flow area by means of the continuous transport.
- Item 11 Processing device according to one of items 9 or 10, further comprising a cleaning device for cleaning at least a part of the removed processing medium.
- Item 12 Processing device according to one of the preceding items 1 to 11, wherein at least part of a force for generating the continuous transport is generated by a gravity of the processing medium.
- Item 13 Processing device according to one of items 1 to 12, wherein the processing medium forms a jacket which is open or closed on the circumference.
- Item 14 Processing device according to item 13, wherein the fluid penetrates the jacket from the inside out.
- Item 15 processing device according to one of the preceding items 1 to 14, wherein the processing medium and the opposite walls form a first processing chamber of a plurality of processing chambers of the processing device; wherein each of the processing chambers has a processing medium which has a round granulate or is a round granulate and the fluid penetrates the processing chambers one after the other; the round granules of different preparation media have different average granule particle sizes.
- Item 16 Processing device according to item 15, wherein at least two of the processing chambers are adjacent to one another, the processing media of the adjacent processing chambers being separated with the aid of an intermediate wall of the processing device.
- Item 17 Processing device for processing a fluid, in particular with the aid of a mechanical separation, the processing device comprising: a multiplicity of processing chambers, each of the processing chambers each having a round granulate as a processing medium of the respective processing chamber; wherein the fluid passes through the processing chambers in succession; the round granules of different preparation media have different average sizes; wherein at least two of the processing chambers are adjacent to one another and are separated from one another by means of an intermediate wall.
- Item 18 Processing device according to item 16 or 17, the average size of the round granules of the adjacent processing chambers differing by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least a factor 5.
- Item 19 Processing device according to one of items 16 to 18, wherein each of the processing media of the adjacent processing chambers has a lower separation limit; the processing media of the adjoining processing chambers are designed such that the separation limits differ by at least a factor 2 or by at least a factor 3 or by at least a factor 4 or by at least a factor 5.
- Item 20 Processing device according to one of items 16 to 19, the wall in between being impermeable to the round granules of the larger medium size; and wherein the intermediate wall (19) is permeable to the round granules of the smaller medium size.
- Item 21 Processing device according to one of items 16 to 20, the adjacent processing chambers being designed such that the processing medium with the round granules of the larger medium size is impenetrable for at least part of the round granules of the smaller medium size.
- Item 22 Processing device according to one of items 16 to 21, wherein the processing chamber with the round granules of the smaller medium granule particle size is arranged upstream of the processing chamber with the round granules of the larger medium granule particle size.
- Item 23 Processing device according to one of the preceding items 16 to 22, each of the processing chambers forming a jacket which is open or closed in the circumferential direction, the jackets rotating around a common axis.
- Item 24 Processing device according to item 23, wherein the fluid penetrates each of the jackets from the inside out.
- Item 25 Processing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the round granules are spherical granules or wherein the processing medium is spherical granules.
- Item 25 Processing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical separation is dead-end filtering.
- Item 26 Method for processing a fluid, in particular with the aid of a mechanical separation, the processing being carried out with the aid of a processing device which has: a processing medium which has round granules; two walls, which face each other are arranged, wherein at least part of the treatment medium is arranged between the two walls; wherein at least one of the two walls is fluid-permeable, so that the fluid enters or leaves the processing medium through the fluid-permeable wall; and wherein the method comprises: flowing through the treatment medium through the fluid, so that the flowed through treatment medium forms a flow area; and continuously transporting at least part of the processing medium through the flow area, guided through the walls.
- Figures 1A and 1B illustrate a comparison between those from the prior art
- Figure 2 shows a processing device in a sectional view according to an embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the processing chamber in the
- FIG. 2 shown processing device according to the embodiment.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate a comparison between the techniques of dead-end filtration (FIG. 1A) known from the prior art and cross-flow filtration (also referred to as tangential flow filtration).
- the inlet 1 to be filtered flows onto the treatment medium 2 essentially orthogonally to the surface of the treatment medium 2 (which in this case functions as a filter medium). Particles contained in the feed to be filtered, are retained by the treatment medium and accumulate on the surface of the treatment medium, whereby a filter cake 6 or a concentration gradient (not shown) is formed. This increases the filtration resistance, which typically results in a drop in the flow 4 through the treatment medium 2.
- the filter stream is filtered into a permeate stream 4 (orthogonal to the surface of the treatment medium 2) and a retentate stream 5 (tangential to the inflow surface of the treatment medium 2) ) divided.
- a permeate stream 4 orthogonal to the surface of the treatment medium 2
- a retentate stream 5 tangential to the inflow surface of the treatment medium 2
- crossflow filtration is often undesirable since it leads to considerable losses in terms of permeate yield and to high energy costs for the pressure required.
- the filter openings (such as pores) of the treatment medium settle over time 2 with separated particles 3, whereby an exchange and / or cleaning of the treatment medium 2 is required.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a processing device 10 in a sectional view according to a first exemplary embodiment.
- the treatment device 10 is for the treatment of a fluid 17 by means of mechanical separation, i.e. trained with the help of filtering. Particles, in particular particulate solids, are separated from the fluid to be filtered essentially to a lower separation limit as long as the degree of separation is not additionally changed by already separated particles.
- the degree of separation can be defined as the ratio of the particles separated by the filtering to the particles supplied for filtering.
- the separation limit can be defined as the size of the particles at which the degree of fraction separation, which is brought about by the filtering, has dropped to 50%.
- the degree of fraction separation of a particle size can be defined as the percentage of particles of the same particle size which can be separated by the filtering when the particles hit the treatment medium. The degree of fraction separation therefore relates to a particle size.
- the processing device 10 has a container 18 with an interior 11, which has a supply line 12 for supplying the unfiltered fluid 17 into the interior 11 and a discharge line 13 for the discharge of the filtered fluid 17 (ie the filtrate) the interior 11.
- the container 18 can, for example, be designed such that the interior 11 is cylindrical. It is conceivable that the processing device 10 has a plurality of feed lines and / or a plurality of discharge lines.
- the container 18 can be closed on the top and / or bottom with a lid.
- the cover can be designed, for example, as a screw cover.
- a plurality of processing chambers 14, 15, 16 is arranged in the interior 11.
- Each of the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 runs around a common central axis M in the circumferential direction, which runs through the interior 11 of the container 18.
- Each of the processing chambers therefore forms a shell which is closed on the circumference.
- the processing chambers are open in the circumferential direction.
- the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 can be arranged concentrically or non-concentrically with one another.
- the feed line 12 and the discharge line 13 are arranged such that the fluid 17, relative to the central axis M, flows through the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 in succession from the inside to the outside.
- the feed line 12 can be designed such that the fluid 17 to be filtered is fed centrally and axially to the cylindrical container 18 and flows through the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 in a radially eccentric direction.
- the increased surface-specific flow resistance of a finer treatment medium arranged radially on the outside can be compensated for by the larger inflow area of the treatment medium arranged radially on the outside.
- the filtered fluid 17 i.e. the filtrate
- the discharge line 13 is connected to the interior 11 in a fluid-conducting manner via an outlet, for example an eccentric recess in the lid of the container 18.
- the processing media within the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 are each in the form of granules, the granules being round granules with the aid of which the mechanical separation is carried out in the respective processing chamber and which, for example, can be arranged in a tightly packed manner.
- the Processing device 10 thus functions as a filter, in particular as a dead-end filter.
- the dead-end filter can act as a surface filter and / or as a depth filter.
- the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16 are adjacent to one another and separated from one another by means of intermediate walls 19, 20. Furthermore, the processing chambers 14 and 16, which are outer in the radial direction, each have the walls 21 and 22, which retain the processing media of the processing chambers 14 and 16 on an upstream and an downstream side.
- Each of the walls 19, 20, 21 and 22 is permeable to at least part of the fluid to be filtered.
- the walls 19, 20, 21 and 22 each have through openings which extend through the respective wall.
- one or more of the walls can have a mesh screen, a Foch screen and / or a bar screen.
- the treatment device 10 is designed such that for each of the two upstream treatment chambers 14 and 15, the respective treatment medium can be transported continuously through a flow area in which the fluid 17 flows through the respective treatment medium.
- the granulate particles of the processing medium enter the flow area in the filter container 18 at an entry area during the continuous transport, pass through the flow area until they then exit the flow area at an exit area.
- the processing media of the processing chambers 14 and 15 are guided along those walls which at the same time also limit the respective processing medium in the flow direction and counter to the flow direction.
- Continuous transport is made possible in an efficient manner by using round granules, in particular spherical granules.
- the processing device 10 is further configured to use the continuous transport to guide the respective processing medium in a circuit in which at least part of the respective processing medium, which was removed from the flow area, is fed back to the processing chamber.
- the circuit can be provided, for example, with the aid of a line device in which the round granulate is guided.
- the line device can be tubular at least in sections.
- the tubular section can be rigid or flexible.
- the tubular section can have a cross section that is open or closed in the circumferential direction perpendicular to the tube axis.
- the treatment medium is fed and removed to the flow area at different points, so that an inlet and an outlet are formed.
- the circuit can be used to process the treatment medium with the aid of a processing device 23 which is arranged in the circuit of the treatment medium outside the flow area.
- the processing device 23 comprises a cleaning device for cleaning the treatment medium from separated portions of the fluid 17, such as the filter cake and / or from precipitates (e.g. calcium carbonate).
- precipitates e.g. calcium carbonate
- the processing device can be designed to clean the round granulate with the aid of a cleaning agent, which can be liquid and / or vapor.
- the processing device can have, for example, spray nozzles from which the cleaning agent emerges.
- the cleaning agent can, for example, be water or have water as the main component.
- water or a water-air mixture can flow onto the round granulate in order to separate the separated portions of the fluid 17 from the round granulate.
- the cleaning can be carried out using a pressurized gas, such as compressed air.
- cleaning can be carried out using ultrasound in a liquid and / or using a liquid jet.
- the cleaning can be carried out using a sedimentation bath and / or using a flotation system.
- the processing device can be designed to modify the processing medium.
- the modification can include a modification of the structural, chemical and / or physical properties of the treatment medium.
- the processing device can be designed to disinfect the treatment medium, for example with the aid of a disinfection bath.
- the processing device can be designed to change a chemical composition of the granulate particles, a charge state of the granulate particles and / or a polarization state of the granulate particles of the processing medium.
- a chemical composition of the granulate particles a charge state of the granulate particles and / or a polarization state of the granulate particles of the processing medium.
- functionalization such as chemical, in particular biochemical functionalization
- of the granulate particles can be effected.
- the processing device is designed to provide the round granulate with a coating and / or to remove a coating which is applied to the round granulate.
- the coating for example, the surface of the granulate particles can be functionalized.
- the round granules can be provided with properties, for a physico-chemical interaction with at least a part of the fluid 17.
- the round granules can be provided with a coating made of manganese oxide to make up manganese (Mn) To remove water as a fluid.
- one of the treatment media or more of the treatment media is configured as a depth filter, a link between depth filtration and cross-flow filtration (cross-flow) that has not yet been realized can be provided. If one or more treatment media are designed as surface filters, a significantly higher filtration yield can be achieved compared to conventional cross-flow surface filters. Therefore, through the circulation of the treatment media, the advantages of both material flow regimes (dead-end / cross-flow) and filtration principles
- the disadvantages of dead-end filtration such as rapid blocking and an interruption of the filtration operation in order to carry out the backwashing
- the disadvantages of cross-flow filtration such as the reduced filtration yield compared to dead-end filtering and the incompatibility with deep-bed filtration
- the disadvantages of surface filtration such as cost-intensive fine-mesh grids or fabrics and / or cost-intensive membranes
- Coarser grids and fabrics have the further advantage that they are more stable.
- the disadvantages of depth filtration can also be avoided.
- a depth filter which usually requires a high differential pressure, cannot generally be operated as a cross-flow filter.
- Another disadvantage of depth filters is that they typically have a scattering, operationally dependent selectivity.
- the processing device is particularly suitable for the filtration of dispersions, in particular suspensions, in which it is not the fluid but the separated solid that is to be obtained as a valuable substance.
- filtering in the exemplary embodiment takes place in an energy-efficient and structurally low manner, since the differential pressure cannot rise significantly in the first place due to the exchange of the treatment medium.
- full automation i.e. without having to carry out manual or semi-automatic maintenance
- continuous operation of the processing device 10 ensures reliable and cost-effective operation.
- the processing device 10 is also space-saving since only one filter, instead of two filters, is required for uninterrupted operation.
- the cleaning device can be designed to be space-saving, since no large-volume fresh water tank is provided for holding backwash water got to.
- the processing device can also be easily adapted in its filtering task by varying the round granules used (number of different round granules used and their size), as well as the radial depth and the number of processing chambers.
- a separate circuit is provided for the processing media of the processing chambers 14 and 15.
- the processing media share a common circuit, at least in sections along the circuit and outside the flow areas.
- applications are conceivable in which the processing media of the processing chambers have the same round granulate.
- the processing media are separated from one another before being fed back to the passband.
- Such a separation can be, for example, a separation (classification) of the granulate particles according to their size.
- a separation according to size can be done with the help of a sieve (sieve classification).
- other classification methods are also conceivable for this, such as sedimentation (current classification).
- the treatment medium runs through the corresponding flow area along the two walls 19 and 21, or 19 and 20, the walls delimiting the corresponding processing chamber in or against the direction of flow of the fluid 17. It has been shown that the round outer geometry of the round granulate facilitates guiding the round granulate along the walls 19 and 21, or 19 and 20. Since round granules have no corners and edges, there is also greatly reduced fine abrasion if the round granules are made of glass.
- the continuous transport of the treatment medium takes place at least temporarily simultaneously with the flow of the fluid 17 through the treatment medium.
- round granulate can be defined as a granulate whose particles have a rounded surface, that is to say no unrounded, outwardly projecting tips or edges.
- a minimum value of all values of the mean curvature, which are measured on the surface of a particle of the round granulate, can be greater than 10% or greater than 20%, or greater than 30% of a particle size of the respective particle.
- the average curvature at a surface point of a round granulate particle can be defined as the mean value of the two main curvatures at the surface point.
- the particles of the round granulate can approximately represent an ovoid.
- Further examples of round granules can be lens granules and spherical granules. For each of the granule particles, a ratio between a maximum diameter and a minimum diameter of the respective granule particle can be less than 10, or less than 5 or less than 3, or less than 2, or less than 1.5, or less than 1.3.
- the round granulate can have particles of solid material and / or as a hollow body.
- the particles can be made of glass, for example.
- round granules made of glass such as glass ball granules, are very cost-effective and environmentally efficient can be produced from recycled material and have a very high chemical, thermal and structural resistance, which guarantee low wear and make it possible for the treatment medium to be used over a wide temperature and pH range, particularly in sterile applications.
- spherical granules but in particular glass spherical granules, have a high hydraulic permeability, as a result of which a low pressure drop and high throughputs of the fluid can be achieved by the processing device.
- glass balls are comparatively easy and efficient to clean. Furthermore, due to their smooth surface properties, there is only a slight growth of organic and mineral deposits (clogging, scaling) on glass balls.
- the spherical granules can also be classified simply depending on the size of the spherical particles according to the size of the granulate particles (fraction separation).
- Ball granules, in particular glass ball granules also have a consistently high, defined quality, in particular in terms of their shape and durability, compared to quartz sands. Quartz sands, as a natural material, vary in quality and do not have a constant availability.
- a lock device 24, 25 is provided in each of the circuits for the processing chambers 14 and 15.
- an inlet of the respective lock device is in fluid communication with the interior 11 of the container 18.
- the round granulate can be transported from the interior 11 of the container 18 to the outside without larger quantities of the fluid 17 penetrate to the outside.
- a fluid tightness for the fluid 17 can be obtained at an outlet, at which the round granulate is transported from the interior 11 to the outside.
- An exemplary embodiment for the lock devices 24 and 25 are cellular wheel locks.
- the lock devices 24 and 25 simultaneously function as throughput control devices for controlling a throughput of the corresponding treatment medium through the flow area.
- the throughput control devices 24 and 25 can be designed such that the continuous transport takes place continuously or step-wise (in particular batch-wise), for example by a continuous or step-wise movement of the cellular wheel.
- the rotary valve is therefore used for dosing bulk goods.
- the processing device 10 also has a conveyor device 28, 29 for each of the circuits in order to convey the round granules.
- One or both of the conveyor devices can have, for example, a tubular chain conveyor. Additionally or alternatively, the conveyor device can have a screw conveyor. It is conceivable that the throughput control device and the conveying device are combined in one device for one or both circuits.
- the tube chain conveyor can have seals, for example, which are arranged between the guide tube and the separating elements.
- the tube chain conveyor can have a tube pig which is arranged in the guide tube, for example between two separating elements, in order to seal the guide tube in a fluid-tight manner.
- the force for generating the movement of the processing medium for the continuous transport through the flow area is generated with the aid of gravity, ie with the aid of the dead weight of the processing medium.
- the gravity of part of the Processing medium serves as the driving force.
- a device is provided in the circuit which applies a force to the treatment medium in order to push the treatment medium through the flow area. Examples of such devices are screw conveyors and solid matter pumps (also referred to as thick matter pumps), which are designed to convey mixtures of liquid and solid components.
- the movement of the treatment medium from top to bottom causes at least partially a rectification of the flow of the fluid 17 and the movement of the treatment medium.
- This rectification prevents an energetically disadvantageous, mutual inhibition of movement and ensures that the treatment medium is always tightly packed. Since the throughput is controlled by means of the throughput control devices 24 and 25, the treatment medium is thereby subjected to a throttle resistance.
- the processing device 10 also has a measuring device (not shown in FIG. 2) for detecting a particle fraction of the fluid 17 downstream of the processing chambers 14, 15 and 16.
- a measuring device can detect the particle fraction for example with the aid of an optical measurement, which for example using a laser.
- the measuring device can be designed to determine a proportion of laser light from the laser that is absorbed by the fluid 17.
- Such a measurement can be a turbidity measurement, for example.
- an increased proportion of the particles to be separated off can occur in the liquid downstream of the treatment chambers 14, 15 and 16 if the treatment media are filled up with separated particles in such a way that already separated particles detach from the treatment media again.
- the control devices 24, 25 are designed to set the throughput of the treatment medium depending on the particle fraction detected. As a result, an optimal puncture of the preparation device can be provided, as a result of which no unnecessary energy is expended on preparation processes for processing (in particular cleaning) the preparation medium.
- the measuring device can be designed to detect a differential pressure across the treatment chambers 14, 15 and 16 and / or a volume flow through the treatment chambers 14, 15 and 16. The differential pressure and / or the volume flow can be a measure of the solids loading of the treatment media.
- the throughput control devices 24, 25 can be designed to control the throughput of the corresponding treatment medium depending on the differential pressure.
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of processing chambers 14a, 15a, 16a and 26a of a processing device according to a second exemplary embodiment.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has components which are analogous to the components of the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
- the components of the second exemplary embodiment are therefore provided with similar reference numerals, which, however, have the accompanying symbol “a”.
- the components of the processing device of the second exemplary embodiment which are not shown in FIG. 3, can be designed in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment, as was described with reference to FIG. 2, one or.
- the components of the processing device of the second exemplary embodiment can be designed in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment, as was described with reference to FIG. 2, one or.
- the three upstream processing chambers l4a, l5a and l6a of the second exemplary embodiment several separate circuits are provided.
- the processing media of the second exemplary embodiment are spherical granules.
- the aspects of this exemplary embodiment are applied to processing devices with other round granules.
- the round granules of the second exemplary embodiment are arranged in the form of a bed in the corresponding processing chambers.
- the processing chambers l4a, l5a, l6a and 26a shown in FIG. 3 are flowed through in succession by the fluid l7a.
- the processing chamber 14a contains a round granulate, the size distribution of which has an average granule particle size, in particular an average spherical diameter, which is larger than the average granule particle size (in particular the average ball diameter) of the size distribution of the round granules in the processing chambers l5a, l6a and 26a.
- the granulate particles of the round granulate of a common processing chamber can all have essentially the same size.
- the round granulate of the processing chamber 14a therefore provides a processing medium with comparatively wide filter openings.
- the separation limit of this treatment medium is greater than the separation limit of the treatment media in the other treatment chambers 15a, 16a and 26a.
- the processing chamber 15a downstream in the flow direction of the fluid l7a is designed to filter out smaller particles from the fluid l7a compared to the processing chamber l4a.
- the processing chamber l6a is in turn designed to filter out smaller components from the fluid l7a compared to the processing chamber l5a.
- the treatment chambers 14a, 15a and 16a therefore represent a series (in particular a cascade) of treatment chambers arranged in series, the treatment chambers which are downstream of the first treatment chamber each having a lower separation limit than the preceding treatment chamber.
- the walls 2la and l9a of the processing chamber l4a are designed such that the granulate balls of the spherical granules of the processing chamber l4a are held between the walls 2la and l9a, i.e. are impenetrable to them. Since the granulate balls of the processing chamber 14a have the largest average diameter, the openings can have a comparatively large free cross section. The free cross sections of the openings of the wall l9a can be designed such that they are smaller than the spherical diameter of the granulate particles of the processing chamber l4a.
- the wall l9a is an intermediate wall between the processing chamber l4a and the adjacent processing chamber l5a, so that the wall l9a is both a wall of the processing chamber l4a and a wall of the processing chamber l5a.
- the openings of the wall l9a are so large that the wall l9a is permeable to the granulate particles of the processing chamber l5a.
- the granule particle sizes of the granule particles of the processing chambers l4a and l5a are selected such that the granule particles of the processing chamber l4a prevent a large proportion of the smaller granule particles of the processing chamber l5a from entering the processing chamber l4a.
- the spherical granules are made up of ideal spheres of the same size, it follows from geometric considerations that the smaller granulate spheres only penetrate through the filter openings of the granulate spheres with the larger granule spherical diameter from a sphere-diameter ratio of more than 6.464. This limit applies regardless of the packing pattern of the granules in the processing chamber 14a. It follows that, for example, a diameter ratio of this value or less (e.g., six or less) is sufficient to prevent the smaller granule balls from passing through the Filter openings, which are formed by the larger granules, penetrate.
- a diameter ratio of this value or less e.g., six or less
- round granules which are not spherical granules and / or which have a non-homogeneous size distribution of the granulate particles.
- the openings of the intermediate walls can be oriented to the granule particle size of the neighboring particle fraction which has the larger granule particles.
- the openings of the intermediate walls can have a size which is smaller, in particular approximately the same, as the size of the larger granulate particles.
- the diameters of the openings can be in a range between 60% and 95%, in particular in a range between 80% and 95%, of the smallest granule particle size of the granule particle size distribution of this particle fraction.
- the wall l9a can therefore be provided with relatively large openings by a corresponding choice of the average granule particle sizes of the granule particles of the processing chambers l4a and l5a. Due to the large openings in wall l9a, the proportion of wall l9a in the filtration effect of the processing device is reduced or even completely prevented. This leads on the one hand to the fact that the differential pressure across all treatment chambers 14a, 15a, 16a and 26a can be kept low. Furthermore, this prevents particles from being deposited on the wall l9a, which particles cannot be removed by the continuous transport of the spherical granules. Furthermore, it has been found that walls are difficult to clean if they have small openings. In addition, it has been shown that, due to the comparatively large free cross section of the openings in wall l9a, wall l9a is simple and therefore also cost-effective to produce.
- the wall 20a is formed between the processing chambers l5a and l6a and the ratio between the sizes of the granulate particles of the processing chambers l5a and l6a is selected.
- the wall 20a is therefore impermeable to the granulate particles of the processing chamber 15a and permeable to the granulate particles of the processing chamber 16a.
- the filter opening width of the overall filter is determined by the filter opening width of the processing chamber 16a with the smallest granulate particles.
- the filter opening width can be 0.05 mm.
- the filter opening width for spherical granules is approximately one sixth of the diameter of the granulate spheres.
- the free diameter of the openings of the upstream wall 20a approximately corresponds to the diameter of the granule balls of the upstream processing chamber 15a, and this diameter corresponds to six times the diameter of the granule balls of the processing chamber 16a, this results in a comparatively large ratio of 36 between the free diameter the openings of the intermediate wall 20a to the filter opening width of the entire filter system.
- the processing device of the second exemplary embodiment furthermore has a processing chamber 26a arranged downstream of the processing chamber 16a.
- the average granule particle size of the round granules of the processing chamber 26a is larger than the average granule particle size of the round granules Processing chamber l6a.
- the last processing chamber 26a as seen in the direction of flow, does not have the round granulate particles of the smallest medium size.
- the processing chamber l6a with the granulate particles of the smallest medium size is thus arranged between two processing chambers l5a and l6a, viewed in the direction of the current.
- the average granule particle size of the processing chamber 26a is selected in relation to the average granule particle size of the processing chamber 166a according to the same geometric criteria as the ratio of the average granule particle sizes between the processing chambers l5a and l6a.
- the mean granule particle sizes of the processing chambers 15a and 26a can be the same or substantially the same.
- the wall 22a which is arranged downstream on the processing chamber 16a with the granulate particles of the smallest average granule particle size, has to be formed in such a way that the comparatively small granulate particles cannot penetrate the wall 22a. Rather, as already shown above, the free diameter of the openings which are provided in the wall 22a can be up to a factor 36a of the opening width of the entire filter system.
- the last processing chamber 26a seen in the direction of flow of the fluid, no longer has to be cleared of deposits, since this processing chamber is located downstream of the processing chamber 16a with the granulate particles of the smallest medium size Granule size is arranged. In other words, the processing chamber 26a serves as a cost-effective exit barrier.
- the processing device also contains the last processing chamber 16, viewed in the direction of flow of the fluid 17, 16 granulate particles of a larger average granulate particle size, compared with the processing chamber 15, which contains the granulate particles of the smallest average size having.
- the granulate particles of the processing chamber 16 are not transported continuously in order to be fed to the processing device 23.
- the present disclosure enables a hitherto unattainable combination of deep filtration and cross-flow principle (cross-flow).
- cross-flow allows use as a surface filter in cross-flow filtration with a significantly increased filtrate yield.
- the application therefore combines the advantages of dead-end filters (no loss of retantate flow) and cross-flow filters (no tight cleaning cycles) and thus solves the described dilemma of filter technology.
- the mechanism disclosed can be used just as efficiently for the yield of the solid from the fluid if, due to its material value, it is itself the focus of the filtration interest.
- the processing device can be designed as an ion exchanger.
- the processing medium can be designed to exchange ions with the fluid.
- the treatment medium can be designed to exchange calcium cations, which are dissolved in normal tap water, for sodium cations, which are bound in the treatment medium.
- ion exchange resin spheres for example, can be used here.
- the processing device can be designed so that the round granulate is regenerated.
- the regeneration can, for example, bring the round granules into contact with a regeneration liquid, the regeneration liquid regenerating the preparation medium for extensive ion exchange in contact with the preparation medium.
- the regeneration can have a reaction which represents a reverse reaction for ion exchange in the flow region. For example, if the processing medium is saturated with calcium cations, these cations can be displaced again in a solution of sodium chloride (table salt).
- Multi-stage processing chambers also allow a combination of particulate and ion-selective processing tasks.
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Abstract
Description
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DE102018119432.3A DE102018119432A1 (de) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Aufbereitungsvorrichtung zur Aufbereitung eines Fluids, mit Hilfe eines umlaufenden Aufbereitungsmediums |
PCT/EP2019/071471 WO2020030800A1 (de) | 2018-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Aufbereitungsvorrichtung zur aufbereitung eines fluids, mit hilfe eines umlaufenden aufbereitungsmediums |
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FR322470A (fr) * | 1902-06-25 | 1903-02-05 | Rojat David | Filtre autoclave stérilisateur à simple ou multiple effet |
IL36739A0 (en) * | 1970-07-13 | 1971-06-23 | Hydronautics | Continuous fluid-solid contact method and apparatus |
DE2061877A1 (de) * | 1970-12-16 | 1972-06-22 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Brauchoder Abwasser |
DE2205234A1 (de) * | 1972-02-04 | 1973-08-16 | Ibeda Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur filterung fluessiger stoffe |
DE3107639A1 (de) * | 1981-02-27 | 1982-09-16 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur entfernung von feststoffen aus fluessigkeiten |
US4906361A (en) * | 1986-12-09 | 1990-03-06 | Hydrotreat, Inc. | Apparatus for treating fluids |
AU2003299642A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-23 | Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. | Reactive filtration |
DE102014005152A1 (de) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-08 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem und Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung |
-
2018
- 2018-08-09 DE DE102018119432.3A patent/DE102018119432A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2019
- 2019-08-09 WO PCT/EP2019/071471 patent/WO2020030800A1/de unknown
- 2019-08-09 EP EP19752506.6A patent/EP3833478A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
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DE102018119432A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
WO2020030800A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
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