EP3831499B1 - Rotary electrostatic sprayer for coating product, spraying installation comprising such a sprayer and method for coating by means of such a sprayer - Google Patents

Rotary electrostatic sprayer for coating product, spraying installation comprising such a sprayer and method for coating by means of such a sprayer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3831499B1
EP3831499B1 EP20211138.1A EP20211138A EP3831499B1 EP 3831499 B1 EP3831499 B1 EP 3831499B1 EP 20211138 A EP20211138 A EP 20211138A EP 3831499 B1 EP3831499 B1 EP 3831499B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
skirt
sprayer
ring
air
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20211138.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3831499A1 (en
Inventor
Didier Faure
Olivier Gourbat
Benoit VEDOVATI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Exel Industries SA
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Exel Industries SA
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Publication of EP3831499A1 publication Critical patent/EP3831499A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0426—Means for supplying shaping gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/32—Shielding elements, i.e. elements preventing overspray from reaching areas other than the object to be sprayed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1007—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B3/1014—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B05B13/0264—Overhead conveying means, i.e. the object or other work being suspended from the conveying means; Details thereof, e.g. hanging hooks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0457—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces of the articles, e.g. by using several moving spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B5/0407—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/082—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects characterised by means for supporting, holding or conveying the objects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotating electrostatic coating product projector which comprises a spray bowl, a body and a turbine mounted in this body and configured to drive the bowl in rotation around an axis defined by the body.
  • the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a new electrostatic sprayer of coating product which can be used to coat interior surfaces and which has less need to be cleaned by interrupting the operation of a installation than those of the prior art.
  • An annular slot supplied by a pressurized air flow circuit is defined radially between the ring and the skirt, with its outlet directed towards the front of the projector, while the pressurized air flow circuit towards the annular slot comprises at least one chamber defined between the body and the skirt or between the ring and the skirt.
  • the chamber forms a chicane around a rear edge of the skirt.
  • the outlet of the annular slot makes it possible to direct a flow of air towards the part of the projector located in front of the ring and the different electrodes.
  • This air flow preferably flows continuously when the projector is in operation and it licks the external surface of the projector, in particular the external surface of the skirt, which prevents or strongly limits the deposits of coating product on this surface.
  • the projector is less likely to get dirty and cleaning operations can be spaced out over a longer period of time than with known projectors.
  • the invention relates to an installation for electrostatic projection of coating product onto objects to be coated, which comprises at least one projector as mentioned above.
  • the invention relates to a process for coating objects electrostatically, this process being carried out by means of a projector as mentioned above, while the slot is supplied by the flow circuit of air under pressure.
  • the annular slot is supplied with pressurized air with a flow rate of between 100 and 500l/min, preferably between 200 and 400l/min, more preferably equal to 300l/min.
  • Installation 2 represented very schematically in the figure 1 is used for covering objects O which, in the example of the figures, are boxes of electrical cabinets or air conditioning systems which have openings O1 and O2 and which each define an interior volume VO.
  • objects O are moved by a conveyor 4, in a conveying direction represented by an axis X4 on the figure 1 .
  • the conveyor 4 includes several nacelles 42 which each support an object O to be coated and move it along the axis X4.
  • Installation 2 also includes an electrostatic and rotating projector 10 which is shown on the figure 1 on a larger scale than the other components of installation 2.
  • This projector 10 is mounted on the wrist 62 of a multi-axis robot 6 which also belongs to installation 2. It is supplied with coating product to be sprayed, in high voltage and pressurized air through conduits not visible on the figures 1 And 2 and which circulate through the wrist 62.
  • the projector 10 makes it possible in particular to apply a coating product to the internal surfaces of an object O supported by the conveyor 4, which delimit its interior volume VO.
  • the projector 10 is sufficiently compact to engage in the interior volume VO through one of the openings O1 or 02.
  • the projector 10 comprises a body 102 on which is mounted a turbine 104 for rotating a bowl 106, around an axis of rotation A100 defined by the body 102.
  • the bowl 106 is secured to the rotor of the turbine 104 by any appropriate means, in particular by screwing or by magnetic assembly.
  • the body 102 is mounted on a plate 108 which constitutes the distal face of a bent part 110 of the projector 10, which makes it possible to offset the axis A100 relative to a central axis A62 of the wrist 62.
  • a cable 112 supplying the projector 10 with high voltage, for example a voltage between -40 and -100kV, in particular equal to -60kV.
  • An injector 120 is arranged in the center of the turbine 104 and makes it possible to inject liquid coating product into the bowl 106.
  • the connection between the supply pipe 116 and the injector 120 is not visible on the Figure 3 because it takes place in a plane different from that of this figure.
  • the body 102 is formed of an internal part 1022 and an external part 1024 which are both assembled on the plate 108, in addition to being assembled together.
  • the front of the projector 100 is defined as the side of this projector facing the objects O to be covered when the projector 10 is operating.
  • the bowl 106 is mounted on the front of the projector 106.
  • the front of the projector 10 faces to the right on the figures 1 to 5 .
  • the rear of the projector 10 is defined as the side opposite the front, the rear of the projector 10 being oriented towards the left on the figures 1 to 5 , moving away from the objects O relative to the bowl 106.
  • the projector 10 comprises a skirt 124 intended to eject air around the bowl 106 when the projector 10 operates to coat objects O.
  • the skirt is a subassembly of the projector 10 mounted around the body 102 and the turbine 104 and which defines air circulation channels up to near the bowl 106. More precisely, the body 102 is provided with an external thread 1021 and the skirt 124 is provided with an internal thread 1241 by which the skirt 124 is screwed around the body 102.
  • the skirt 124 comprises a one-piece internal part 1242 and an external part 1244 which is two-part and which comprises a front external part 1244A and a rear external part 1244B, the front external part 1244A being located more to the front of the projector 10 than the part rear external 1244B, that is to say closer to the bowl 106.
  • pressurized air circulation conduits 1246 are provided in the internal part 1242 of the skirt 124.
  • Other air circulation conduits 1247 are provided in the external part 1244.
  • the conduits 1246 and 1247 open onto a front face 1248 of the skirt 124, in the form of orifices 1249 distributed around the axis A100 and the bowl 106.
  • the different conduits 1246 and 1247 are supplied with air under pressure from the pipe 118, the connection between these conduits and this pipe taking place on a plane different from that of the Figure 3 .
  • Electrodes 140 are mounted on an annular ring 160 which is in the form of a closed ring, with a circular base in the example.
  • each electrode 140 comprises a body 142 and a needle 144 of which we note 146 the tip which is turned towards the front of the projector 10.
  • each electrode 140 is housed in a sleeve 170 in which a resistor 180 is also received, through which the electrode 140 is supplied with high voltage from the cable 112.
  • a resistor 180 is also received, through which the electrode 140 is supplied with high voltage from the cable 112.
  • a first front end of each resistance 180 by which this resistance is supported against the body 142 of the electrode which it supplies.
  • 186 the second rear end of each resistor which is opposite its first end.
  • a male plug 113 arranged at the end of the cable 112 is plugged into a female plug 190 of corresponding shape, which is connected, by a conductive bar 192, to one of sixteen blind housings 194 in each of which is arranged a female plug 196.
  • Parts 1022 and 1024 of body 102 are made of an electrically insulating material, such as PTFE, and the internal surface of each of the blind housings 194 is coated with a conductive powder, for example a carbon-based powder.
  • a conductive powder for example a carbon-based powder.
  • the conductive layers of the different blind housings 194 are electrically connected to each other by conductive elements 198 embedded in the body 102.
  • each of the female plugs 196 is brought to high voltage, from the high voltage cable 112 .
  • the body 102 is equipped with sixteen sheaths 200 each aligned with a blind housing 194 along their longitudinal axis A200 which is parallel to the axis A100 and offset radially relative to it.
  • the sheaths are each arranged in front of a blind housing 194.
  • the sheaths 200 are each located in the extension of a blind housing 194, along an axis A200 parallel to the axis A100, and a plug female 196 is aligned, along an axis A200, with each of the sheaths 200, on the rear side of this sheath.
  • Each sleeve 170 is screwed into the ring 160 by means of a thread 172 provided near a first front end 174 of each sleeve.
  • the ring 160 is provided with sixteen threads 162 allowing the screwing of the front ends 174 of the sleeves 170.
  • each sleeve 170 is mounted and firmly held in position on the ring 160, all the sleeves 170 and the resistances 180 which they contain extending on the same side of the ring 160, essentially outside it, towards the rear of the projector 10, towards the blind housings 194.
  • An O-ring 202 is mounted around the body 142 of an electrode 140, inside the first front end 174 of the corresponding sleeve 170, while another O-ring 204 is mounted between the first front end 174 of the sleeve 170 and the ring 160.
  • the seals 202 and 204 provide a seal between the interior volume of a sleeve 170 and the exterior.
  • each tip 146 is placed in a cup 166 provided for this purpose on the front face 168 of the ring 160 facing the front of the projector 10.
  • Each tip 146 protrudes from the bottom of a cup 166, towards the front .
  • the points 146 do not protrude towards the front of the front face 168, which limits the risk of injury during handling of the ring 160, in particular when wiping the surface 168.
  • the ring 160 also comprises a latching member formed by an elastically deformable tab or strip 169 which extends over the entire periphery of the ring 160 and which is designed to cooperate with a complementary latching relief 1029 provided on the exterior of the body 102, with a geometry corresponding to that of the tab 169. This makes it possible to immobilize axially and center radially at the axis A100 the ring 160 on the body 102.
  • each resistor 180 is arranged at the level of the first front end 174 of the sleeve which receives it, while the second rear end 186 of this resistance is arranged at the level of the second rear end 176 of the same sleeve.
  • An electrical connector 206 is mounted in each sleeve 170, at its rear end 176, and it makes it possible to accommodate a male plug 208 of the “banana plug” type with elastically deformable external strips.
  • the second end 186 of each resistor 180 is thus equipped, through a connector 206, with a male plug 208 to which it is connected. All the male plugs 208 extend axially on the same side of the ring 140, towards the rear of the projector 10, and parallel to each other.
  • each male plug 208 allows it to cooperate by wedging with a female plug 196 placed in one of the blind housings 194, when the sleeve 170 to which it is integral is completely inserted into the corresponding sheath 200, which is aligned with this blind housing 194.
  • each of the electrodes 140 is supplied with high voltage through a conductive element 198, a female plug 196, a male plug 208, an electrical connector 206 and a resistor 180.
  • a flow of ions can be emitted by each of the tips 146 to charge the coating product leaving the edge 1062 of the bowl 106, when this bowl is rotated by the turbine 104 and when this bowl is supplied with coating product through the pipe 116.
  • the product leaving the bowl 106 is thus electrostatically charged by a so-called “external” or “Corona” charging phenomenon.
  • the ring 160 tends to become dirty, particularly at the level of the cups 166 or the front face 168, it is possible to remove the ring by a simple pulling force parallel to the axis A100, as represented by the arrow F1 at there figure 2 .
  • This force F1 results in an axial movement of the ring 160, of the sixteen electrodes 140, of the sixteen sleeves 170 and of the sixteen male plugs 208 which are secured to this ring, which has the effect of extracting the first plugs, formed by the male plugs 208 and which are movable with the ring 160, second plugs formed by the female plugs 196, which are fixed with the body 102.
  • the internal diameter of the ring 160 is strictly greater than the external diameter of the bowl 106 and the external diameter of the skirt 124 over its axial length between the bowl 106 and the ring 160 mounted on the body 102.
  • the projector 10 is functional again and can be used to cover the objects O, while the first ring, which has been dismantled, can be cleaned in masked time.
  • the interruption of the operation of the installation 2 is therefore limited to the time necessary for dismantling and disconnecting the first ring 160 from the plugs 196 and for mounting the second ring 160 and its connection to the plugs 196, these operations taking place by simple axial translation, in the direction of arrows F1 and F2.
  • the separation movement of the ring 160 and the body 102 takes place against the detent force exerted by the elements 169 and 1029.
  • This detent force can be overcome by means of a sufficiently intense force F1.
  • the ring 160 is provided with a peripheral groove 165 in which the jaws of a tool not shown can be engaged, which makes it possible to tighten the ring 160 radially then to exert the force of traction in the direction of arrow F1.
  • a tool can, for example, have three jaws, distributed radially around the axis A100 and which are engaged and tightened in the peripheral groove 165 by means of a ring which tightens these jaws.
  • the mounting and connecting force of the ring 160 is a pushing force exerted on the front face 168.
  • the cooperation of the first and second cards 208 and 196 makes it possible to center the ring 160 and the electrodes 140 which it carries relative to the body 102, to the bowl 106 and to the axis A100 simply by placing the ring in place. 160 around body 102.
  • the electrodes 140, the sleeves 170, the plugs 196 and 208 and the sheaths 200 are identical.
  • the method of assembly and disassembly of the ring 160 equipped with the electrodes 140 and the resistors 180 on the body 102 which takes place according to two axial translation movements in the direction of the arrows F1 and F2, makes it possible to envisage an assembly and a automatic disassembly of the ring 160 on the body 102, by means of a robot.
  • This brings advantages in terms of time savings, repeatability and assembly reliability. This avoids human intervention in a projection booth, and therefore the associated constraints in terms of equipment, tools and security conditions to authorize access.
  • a conduit 220 is provided in the internal part 1022 of the body 102 and opens near the rear edge 1245 of the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124.
  • an annular volume V102 is provided between the parts 1022 and 1024 of the body 102 and the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124 extends partly in this annular volume V102, with its rear edge 1245 engaged in a peripheral groove 1024A formed by the part 1024 of the body 102 and which constitutes the portion rear of the annular volume V102.
  • An O-ring 222 delimits the annular volume V102 towards the front.
  • the volume V102 constitutes a pressurized air flow chamber, between the body 102 and the skirt 124 , this chamber being delimited towards the front by the joint 222.
  • the volume V102 is an annular volume, which surrounds certain portions of the parts 1022 and 1024 of the body 102, and several conduits of the type of conduit 220 are provided, which open into this volume V102 in several places distributed around the internal part 1022 of the body 102, which allows the air coming from the pipe 118 to be well distributed in the volume V102, around the axis A100.
  • the air which flows in the direction of the arrows F3 within the volume V102, arrives in a first chamber 224 defined between the body 102 and the skirt 124, which has, in radial section, a generally triangular shape and which is connected to a second chamber 226 by channels 228 whose number is between 30 and 90, preferably between 45 and 75, preferably equal to 60.
  • the second chamber 226 is annular and defined between the skirt 124 and the ring 160. It serves to distribute radially around the axis A100 the air coming from the different channels 228.
  • These different channels 228 have an internal diameter d228 of between 1.5 and 2.5mm, preferably equal to 2mm.
  • the channels have a non-circular section, it is the smallest dimension of their cross section which is between 1.5 and 2.5mm, preferably equal to 2mm.
  • their diameter d228 is the smallest dimension of their cross section.
  • the channels 228 are inclined relative to the axis A100, converging forwards towards the axis A100, which facilitates their production by drilling the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124, posterior to the machining of rooms 224 and 226 in this skirt.
  • the channels 228 are directed towards a wall 227 of the annular chamber which is inclined forwards towards the ring 160, that is to say diverging forwards relative to the axis A100.
  • the channels are each parallel to a plane radial to the axis A100.
  • a gap 230 connects the chambers 224 and 226.
  • This gap 230 is defined between the external radial surface S124 of the skirt 1244 and the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160.
  • the skirt 124 and the ring 160 are not in contact, so that the radial gap 230 is formed, with a non-zero radial thickness e230.
  • This radial thickness e230 is smaller than the smallest dimension of a cross section of a channel 228.
  • the radial thickness e230 of the gap 230 can be chosen between 0.1 and 0.3mm, preferably equal to 0.2mm.
  • the second chamber 226 opens downstream, along the external radial surface S124 of the skirt 124, through a slot 232 which is annular and whose thickness is denoted e232, measured radially to the axis A100.
  • This radial thickness is chosen between 0.25 and 2mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5mm, more preferably equal to 1mm.
  • the external radial surface S124 is frustoconical and converges towards the front of the projector 10, in the direction of axis A100.
  • ⁇ 124 the half-angle at the top of the surface S124 at the level of the slot 232.
  • the internal radial surface S160 of the skirt 160 is also frustoconical and converging forward towards the A100 axis.
  • ⁇ 160 the half-angle at the top of surface S160 at slot 232.
  • Angles ⁇ 124 and ⁇ 160 have the same value.
  • the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160 locally matches the external shape of the skirt 124.
  • the thickness e232 is thus constant over the length of the slot 232.
  • the radial thickness e232 is chosen strictly less than the smallest dimension of a cross section of a conduit 228, therefore its diameter d228 in the case of a conduit 228 with a circular section.
  • the air flow in the second chamber 226 accelerates as it passes from the conduits 228 to the slot 232.
  • the air is distributed effectively around the axis A100, circulating along this surface, before reaching the slot 232.
  • the air emerges from the slot 232 via an outlet 234 directed towards the front of the projector, which sends the air along the external surface S124 of the skirt 124, as represented by the arrow F4 at the figures 3 to 5 , with sufficient speed to travel along the surface S124, up to near the front face 128 of the skirt 124.
  • the geometry of the surface S124 and that of the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160 are chosen such that the thickness e232 is constant along the slot 232.
  • the outlet 234 of the slot 232 then also has the radial thickness e232.
  • the forward convergence angle of the surface S124 in the direction of the axis A100 is chosen less than or equal to 7°.
  • the slot 232 makes it possible to direct, through its outlet 234, an air flow represented by the arrow F4 towards the part of the projector located at the front of the ring 160 and the different electrodes 140.
  • This air flow F4 which can be described as an air blade, preferably flows continuously when the projector 10 is in operation and it licks the external surface of the projector, in particular the external surface S124 of the skirt 124, which prevents or strongly limits deposits of coating product on this surface.
  • the projector 10 is less likely to get dirty and cleaning operations can be spaced out over a longer period of time than with known projectors.
  • the air flow leaving through the slot 232, in the direction of the arrow F4, is preferably less than the total skirt air flow discharged through the orifices 1249.
  • the air flow discharged through slot 232 can be of the order of 300 I/min.
  • the air flow discharged through the slot 232 can be chosen between 100 and 500 I/min, preferably between 200 and 400 l/min, the value of 300 l/min having proven to be particularly effective.
  • the air leaving the slot 232 in the direction of the arrow F4 has a driving effect by suction on the neighboring air, in particular on the air located in front of the front face 168 of the ring 160.
  • This effect d The drive creates a current of air represented by the arrow F5 at the Figure 3 , which facilitates cleaning of the front face 168 and the bowls 166 during spraying or avoids the deposit of overspray, in the event that residues of coating product tend to be deposited there.
  • the high voltage applied to the electrodes 140 makes it possible to detect a possible runaway of the electrostatic charge phenomenon or, on the contrary, a rapid decrease in this phenomenon, which can come from contamination of the electrodes 140 or neighboring parts of the projector, in particular the skirt 124.
  • the supply rate of the volume V102 and the slot 232 with pressurized air can be increased temporarily, in order to quickly clean the surface S124 of any deposit of coating product or humidity.
  • the flow rate of supplying the volume V102 and the slot 232 with pressurized air can be doubled in this case.
  • the air conveyed to volume V102 therefore the air discharged through slot 232, is hotter than the ambient air.
  • the supply air of the slot 232 can be heated relative to the ambient air around the projector, which improves the drying effect of the surface S124 thanks to the air flow leaving from slot 232 via its outlet 234.
  • the supply air to the annular slot 232 can be electrically polarized.
  • electrodes not shown can be arranged in the conduit 118 or the conduits 220 and in the parallel conduits to charge the air with a polarity opposite to that of the voltage applied to the electrodes 140.
  • the air emerging from the slot 232 has the same polarity as the particles of coating product ejected by the edge 1062 of the bowl 106, which has the effect of pushing these particles towards the front of the projector, limiting the dirt on the surface S124 and of the ring 160, in particular of its front face 168.
  • Such polarization of the air ejected by the slot 232 can be considered permanently or only in the event of a drift in the high voltage value delivered at the level of the electrodes 140.
  • the annular slot 232 and the air that comes out of it when the projector is operating facilitate cleaning of the projector 10 within a rinse box.
  • the air flow represented by arrow F4 makes it possible to do without these seals, internal air jet and/or scraping device because it permanently cleans the front part of the projector, including when it is engaged in the rinse box. This gives more freedom in the design of the external shape of the body 102 and the skirt 124.
  • the air blade which leaves the slot 232 via its outlet 234, as represented by the arrows F4, makes it possible to confine splashes of cleaning agent and coating material to the inside of the rinse box.
  • the chamber formed by the volume V102 is supplied with a maximum air flow when the projector is engaged in the rinsing box, which induces a maximum cleaning/drying effect during this phase. of a spraying process using the projector 10. Thanks to the air blade formed by the air flow leaving the slot 232 via its outlet 234, the drying time of the projector is reduced, which reduces the projector downtime in the flush box. Passing the projector into a rinsing box makes it possible to space out the disassembly/reassembly of the electrode 160 in relation to the body 102.
  • the ring 160 and, in particular, the electrodes 140 and the slot 232 are offset, along the axis A100, towards the rear, with respect to the edge 1062 of the bowl and with respect to the outlet orifices 1249 of the skirt 124. More precisely, the tips 146 of the electrodes 140 and the outlet of the slot 232 towards the outside are further away from the edge 1062 and the orifices 1249 than the front external part 1244A skirt 124.
  • the annular slot 232 is arranged in the vicinity of the points 146, which are also offset rearwardly relative to the orifices 1249. By “in the vicinity of”, we mean that, along the axis A100, the tips 146 of the electrodes 140 are located less than 5 mm from the slot 232.
  • the invention is applicable with a liquid coating product, as mentioned above, or, alternatively, with a powder coating product.
  • the dismantling of the ring 160 can take place using a tool which exerts a tensile force not on the outside of the ring, at the level of the peripheral groove 165, but from the inside of the ring.
  • the skirt 124 is dismantled, in keeping the bowl 106 in place on the turbine 104 if the diameter of the bowl is less than the internal diameter of the skirt 124. If the diameter of the bowl 106 is greater than or equal to the internal diameter of the skirt, as in the example of the figures, the bowl is dismantled from the turbine prior to dismantling the skirt from body 102.
  • the harpoon points are distributed around the body 102, therefore able to exert on the surface S161 an axial force in the direction of the arrow F1, this force being distributed around the axis A100 due to the multiplicity of the lugs in question.
  • This force is exerted when, after having engaged the harpoon points of the legs of the tool behind the surface S161, the tool is unscrewed relative to the body 102.
  • This force makes it possible to dismantle the ring 160 relative to the body 102, by means of removing the skirt 124 and, possibly the bowl 106.
  • the number of electrodes 140 is different from sixteen. Preferably, this number is chosen between 13 and 20, in particular between 14 and 18.
  • the fact that the number of electrodes is strictly greater than 12 means that the angular difference around the axis A100 between two adjacent electrodes is strictly less at 30°.
  • the portion of the front face 168 of the ring 160 exposed to the paint returning between two points 146 is relatively small, which limits the area of the surfaces of the ring 160 to be cleaned.
  • the number of sleeve 170, resistors 180 and first plugs 208 is equal to the number of electrodes 140.
  • the first plugs 208 secured to the ring 160 are female plugs, while the second plugs 196 secured to the body 102 are male plugs.
  • the structure and geometry of the skirt 124 may be different from that shown in the figures.
  • the number of constituent parts of the skirt 124 may be different from three.
  • the channels 228 can have an ortho-radial component, to the point that the air leaving these channels has an ortho-radial component which translates into a vortex component of the air leaving the slot 232.
  • the section of the channels 228 may be other than circular.
  • the channels can be made, in whole or in part, in the body 102, instead of in the skirt 124.
  • the latching members 169 and 1029 can be replaced by a seal placed between the body 102 and the ring 160, this seal making it possible to center and wedge the ring on the body.
  • This seal is advantageously an O-ring.
  • the circuit for supplying the slot 232 with pressurized air extends both in the body 102, in the form of conduits 220, in the skirt 124, in the form of conduits 228, between the body 102 and the skirt, in the form of the volume V102 and between the skirt 124 and the ring 160, in the form of the gap 230.
  • this circuit extends only in one or the other of these parties or only between two of them.
  • the objects O on which the coating product is applied in the installation of the invention may be objects other than boxes, in particular motor vehicle bodies.
  • the projector 10 is particularly suitable for the application of coating product inside such bodywork.
  • the multi-axis robot 6 can be replaced by another type of robot, in particular a reciprocator.
  • the invention makes it possible to envisage, in the long term, removing the complete outer casing of the projector and resuming a clean casing without stopping production, at a frequency depending on the conditions and types of application.
  • the bowl, the skirt, and the electrode are removed when they are dirty.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un projecteur électrostatique rotatif de produit de revêtement qui comprend un bol de pulvérisation, un corps et une turbine montée dans ce corps et configurée pour entraîner le bol en rotation autour d'un axe définit par le corps.The present invention relates to a rotating electrostatic coating product projector which comprises a spray bowl, a body and a turbine mounted in this body and configured to drive the bowl in rotation around an axis defined by the body.

Il est connu de charger un produit de revêtement quittant l'arrête de pulvérisation d'un bol de pulvérisation par effet Corona, au moyen d'électrodes disposées sur le corps d'un pulvérisateur et portées à la haute tension. Les projecteurs ainsi conçus sont classiquement utilisés pour revêtir des surfaces facilement accessibles, telles que les surfaces externes d'une carrosserie d'un véhicule automobile.It is known to charge a coating product leaving the spray edge of a spray bowl by Corona effect, by means of electrodes arranged on the body of a sprayer and brought to high voltage. The projectors thus designed are conventionally used to cover easily accessible surfaces, such as the external surfaces of a motor vehicle body.

Il est connu de US-A-2004/0255849 de monter des électrodes et des résistances à l'intérieur d'une bague immobilisée sur l'extérieur du corps d'un projecteur électrostatique rotatif. La partie du corps du projecteur située à l'avant de cette bague tend à se salir et doit faire l'objet d'opérations de nettoyage régulières, ce qui conduit à des interruptions relativement longues du fonctionnement d'une installation de projection comprenant un tel projecteur. Ceci limite donc la durée efficace d'utilisation d'une telle installation équipée.He is known to US-A-2004/0255849 to mount electrodes and resistors inside a ring fixed on the outside of the body of a rotating electrostatic projector. The part of the projector body located in front of this ring tends to get dirty and must be subject to regular cleaning operations, which leads to relatively long interruptions in the operation of a projection installation comprising such projector. This therefore limits the effective duration of use of such an equipped installation.

Ces phénomènes sont d'autant plus importants que les pulvérisateurs utilisés pour revêtir les surfaces intérieures d'un objet, telles que l'intérieur d'une carrosserie d'un véhicule automobile, sont fortement soumises au retour de peinture dit « overspray ». Ces projecteurs tendent donc à se salir rapidement, notamment au niveau de leurs électrodes.These phenomena are all the more important since the sprayers used to coat the interior surfaces of an object, such as the interior of the body of a motor vehicle, are strongly subject to the return of paint known as “overspray”. These projectors therefore tend to get dirty quickly, particularly at their electrodes.

Des problèmes analogues se posent avec les matériels connus de US-A-2018/141062 et de JP-A-H06-134353 .Similar problems arise with materials known to US-A-2018/141062 and of JP-A-H06-134353 .

Il est par ailleurs connu de WO-A-2017/141964 de ménager une fente annulaire de sortie d'air à proximité des électrodes d'un projecteur électrostatique. Le conduit d'alimentation de cette fente en air n'exclut pas un rampage de charges électrostatiques vers une partie interne à la terre du projecteur, ce qui nuit à l'efficacité de la charge obtenue avec les électrodes.It is also known to WO-A-2017/141964 to provide an annular air outlet slot near the electrodes of an electrostatic projector. The air supply conduit for this slot does not exclude a creeping of electrostatic charges towards an internal grounded part of the projector, which harms the effectiveness of the charge obtained with the electrodes.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend plus particulièrement remédier l'invention en proposant un nouveau projecteur électrostatique de produit de revêtement qui peut être utilisé pour revêtir des surfaces intérieures et qui a moins besoin d'être nettoyé en interrompant le fonctionnement d'une installation que ceux de l'art antérieur.It is these drawbacks that the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a new electrostatic sprayer of coating product which can be used to coat interior surfaces and which has less need to be cleaned by interrupting the operation of a installation than those of the prior art.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un projecteur électrostatique rotatif de produit de revêtement qui comprend :

  • un bol de pulvérisation ;
  • un corps ;
  • une turbine d'entraînement montée dans le corps et configurée pour entraîner le bol de pulvérisation en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation défini par le corps ;
  • des électrodes de charges du produit de revêtement pulvérisé par le bol de pulvérisation, ces électrodes étant montées sur une bague rapportée sur le corps et chacune alimentée en tension à travers une résistance ;
  • une jupe d'éjection d'air autour du bol.
For this purpose, the invention relates to a rotating electrostatic projector for a coating product which comprises:
  • a spray bowl;
  • a body ;
  • a drive turbine mounted in the body and configured to drive the spray bowl to rotate about an axis of rotation defined by the body;
  • electrodes for charging the coating product sprayed by the spray bowl, these electrodes being mounted on a ring attached to the body and each supplied with voltage through a resistance;
  • an air ejection skirt around the bowl.

Une fente annulaire alimentée par un circuit d'écoulement d'air sous pression est définie radialement entre la bague et la jupe, avec sa sortie dirigée vers l'avant du projecteur, alors que le circuit d'écoulement d'air sous pression vers la fente annulaire comprend au moins une chambre définie entre le corps et la jupe ou entre la bague et la jupe. Conformément à l'invention, la chambre forme une chicane autour d'un bord arrière de la jupe.An annular slot supplied by a pressurized air flow circuit is defined radially between the ring and the skirt, with its outlet directed towards the front of the projector, while the pressurized air flow circuit towards the annular slot comprises at least one chamber defined between the body and the skirt or between the ring and the skirt. According to the invention, the chamber forms a chicane around a rear edge of the skirt.

Grâce à l'invention, la sortie de la fente annulaire permet de diriger un flux d'air vers la partie du projecteur située à l'avant de la bague et des différentes électrodes. Ce flux d'air s'écoule de préférence en permanence lorsque le projecteur est en fonctionnement et il vient lécher la surface externe du projecteur, notamment la surface externe de la jupe, ce qui empêche ou limite fortement les dépôts de produit de revêtement sur cette surface. Ainsi, le projecteur a moins tendance à se salir et les opérations de nettoyage peuvent être plus espacées dans le temps qu'avec les projecteurs connus.Thanks to the invention, the outlet of the annular slot makes it possible to direct a flow of air towards the part of the projector located in front of the ring and the different electrodes. This air flow preferably flows continuously when the projector is in operation and it licks the external surface of the projector, in particular the external surface of the skirt, which prevents or strongly limits the deposits of coating product on this surface. Thus, the projector is less likely to get dirty and cleaning operations can be spaced out over a longer period of time than with known projectors.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel projecteur peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes prises selon toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • La fente annulaire est décalée axialement, le long de l'axe de rotation, vers l'arrière, par rapport à des orifices de sortie d'air de la jupe.
  • La fente annulaire est disposée, le long de l'axe de rotation, au voisinage de pointes des électrodes.
  • La chambre est délimitée, notamment vers l'avant, par un joint comprimé entre la jupe et le corps.
  • Le circuit d'écoulement comprend des canaux ménagés dans le corps et/ou dans la jupe et repartis autour de l'axe de rotation, ainsi qu'un interstice annulaire défini entre la jupe et la bague, l'épaisseur radiale de l'interstice annulaire étant strictement inférieure à la plus-petite dimension d'une section transversale d'un des canaux.
  • Les canaux débouchent dans une chambre annulaire de répartition d'air, dont la fente annulaire constitue le débouché autour de la jupe.
  • Les canaux sont dirigés vers une paroi de la chambre annulaire de répartition d'air.
  • L'épaisseur de la fente annulaire, mesurée radialement à l'axe de rotation, est constante autour de cet axe et a une valeur comprise entre 0,25 et 2mm, de préférence entre 0,5 et 1 ,5mm, de préférence encore égale à 1 mm.
  • La surface radiale interne de la bague est tronconique au niveau de la fente annulaire, alors que la surface radiale externe de la jupe est tronconique au niveau de la fente annulaire et qu'un demi-angle au sommet de la surface radiale interne de la bague au niveau de la fente annulaire est égal à un demi angle au sommet de la surface radiale externe de la jupe au niveau de la fente annulaire.
  • Chaque électrode est alimentée en haute tension à travers une résistance qui s'étend axialement à l'extérieur de la bague et qui est équipée, à son extrémité opposée à l'électrode, d'une première fiche de branchement électrique sur une deuxième fiche de géométrie correspondante prévue sur le corps du projecteur, avec un mouvement parallèle à l'axe de rotation. La bague est configurée pour être montée et branchée sur le corps, ou démontée et débranchée du corps, en étant équipée des électrodes et des résistances.
According to advantageous but not obligatory aspects of the invention, such a projector can incorporate one or more of the following characteristics taken in any technically admissible combination:
  • The annular slot is offset axially, along the axis of rotation, towards the rear, relative to the air outlet orifices of the skirt.
  • The annular slot is arranged, along the axis of rotation, near the tips of the electrodes.
  • The chamber is delimited, particularly towards the front, by a compressed joint between the skirt and the body.
  • The flow circuit comprises channels provided in the body and/or in the skirt and distributed around the axis of rotation, as well as an annular gap defined between the skirt and the ring, the radial thickness of the gap annular being strictly less than the smallest dimension of a cross section of one of the channels.
  • The channels open into an annular air distribution chamber, the annular slot of which constitutes the outlet around the skirt.
  • The channels are directed towards a wall of the annular air distribution chamber.
  • The thickness of the annular slot, measured radially to the axis of rotation, is constant around this axis and has a value between 0.25 and 2mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5mm, more preferably equal to 1 mm.
  • The inner radial surface of the ring is frustoconical at the level of the annular slot, while the outer radial surface of the skirt is frustoconical at the level of the annular slot and a half-angle at the top of the inner radial surface of the ring at the level of the annular slot is equal to a half angle at the top of the external radial surface of the skirt at the level of the annular slot.
  • Each electrode is supplied with high voltage through a resistance which extends axially outside the ring and which is equipped, at its end opposite the electrode, with a first electrical connection plug on a second plug. corresponding geometry provided on the body of the projector, with movement parallel to the axis of rotation. The ring is configured to be mounted and connected to the body, or disassembled and disconnected from the body, being equipped with the electrodes and resistors.

Selon un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne une installation de projection électrostatique de produit de revêtement sur des objets à revêtir, qui comprend au moins un projecteur tel que mentionné ci-dessus.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an installation for electrostatic projection of coating product onto objects to be coated, which comprises at least one projector as mentioned above.

Une telle installation induit les mêmes avantages que ceux mentionnés ci-dessus au sujet du projecteur.Such an installation induces the same advantages as those mentioned above regarding the projector.

Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention concerne un procédé de revêtement d'objets par voie électrostatique, ce procédé étant effectué au moyen d'un projecteur tel que mentionné ci-dessus, alors que la fente est alimentée par le circuit d'écoulement d'air sous pression.According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a process for coating objects electrostatically, this process being carried out by means of a projector as mentioned above, while the slot is supplied by the flow circuit of air under pressure.

De préférence, la fente annulaire est alimentée en air sous pression avec un débit compris entre 100 et 500l/mn, de préférence entre 200 et 400l/mn, de préférence encore égal à 300l/mn.Preferably, the annular slot is supplied with pressurized air with a flow rate of between 100 and 500l/min, preferably between 200 and 400l/min, more preferably equal to 300l/min.

Selon d'autres aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel procédé peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes prises selon toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • La fente annulaire est alimentée an air sous pression avec un débit compris entre 100 et 500l/mn, de préférence entre 200 et 400l/mn, de préférence encore égal à 300l/mn.
  • La tension électrique au niveau des électrodes est contrôlée en cours de revêtement et, en cas de dérive de cette tension par rapport à une valeur nominale, le débit d'alimentation de la fente annulaire en air sous pression est augmenté, notamment doublé.
  • L'air d'alimentation de la fente annulaire est polarisé.
  • L'air d'alimentation de la fente annulaire est réchauffé par rapport à l'air ambiant autour du projecteur.
According to other advantageous but not obligatory aspects of the invention, such a method can incorporate one or more of the following characteristics taken in any technically admissible combination:
  • The annular slot is supplied with air under pressure with a flow rate of between 100 and 500l/min, preferably between 200 and 400l/min, more preferably equal to 300l/min.
  • The electrical voltage at the level of the electrodes is controlled during coating and, in the event of a deviation in this voltage compared to a nominal value, the flow rate of supplying the annular slot with pressurized air is increased, in particular doubled.
  • The air supply to the annular slot is polarized.
  • The air supplied to the annular slot is heated relative to the ambient air around the projector.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation d'une installation et d'un projecteur conformes à son principe, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • [Fig 1] La figure 1 est une représentation de principe en perspective d'une installation et d'un projecteur conformes à l'invention ;
  • [Fig 2] La figure 2 est une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée du projecteur représenté à la figure 1 ;.
  • [Fig 3] La figure 3 est une coupe longitudinale du projecteur des figures 1 et 2, dans le plan III à la figure 1 ;
  • [Fig 4] La figure 4 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail IV à la figure 3 ; et
  • [Fig5] La figure 5 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail V à la figure 4.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows of an embodiment of an installation and a projector conforming to its principle, given only to as an example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Figure 1 ] There figure 1 is a principle representation in perspective of an installation and a projector conforming to the invention;
  • [ Figure 2 ] There figure 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the projector shown in figure 1 ;.
  • [ Figure 3 ] There Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the projector of figures 1 And 2 , in plane III at figure 1 ;
  • [ Figure 4 ] There figure 4 is a larger scale view from detail IV to Figure 3 ; And
  • [ Fig5 ] There Figure 5 is a larger scale view from detail V to Figure 4 .

L'installation 2 représentée très schématiquement à la figure 1 sert au revêtement d'objets O qui, dans l'exemple des figures, sont des caissons d'armoire électrique ou de systèmes de climatisation qui présentent des ouvertures O1 et O2 et qui définissent chacun un volume intérieur VO. Ces objets O sont déplacés par un convoyeur 4, selon une direction de convoyage représentée par une axe X4 sur la figure 1. Le convoyeur 4 comprend plusieurs nacelles 42 qui permettent de supporter chacune un objet O à revêtir et de le déplacer le long de l'axe X4.Installation 2 represented very schematically in the figure 1 is used for covering objects O which, in the example of the figures, are boxes of electrical cabinets or air conditioning systems which have openings O1 and O2 and which each define an interior volume VO. These objects O are moved by a conveyor 4, in a conveying direction represented by an axis X4 on the figure 1 . The conveyor 4 includes several nacelles 42 which each support an object O to be coated and move it along the axis X4.

L'installation 2 comporte également un projecteur électrostatique et rotatif 10 qui est représenté, sur la figure 1 à une échelle plus grande que les autres composants de l'installation 2. Ce projecteur 10 est monté sur le poignet 62 d'un robot multiaxe 6 qui appartient également à l'installation 2. Il est alimenté en produit de revêtement à pulvériser, en haute tension et en air sous pression par des conduits non visibles sur les figures 1 et 2 et qui circulent à travers le poignet 62.Installation 2 also includes an electrostatic and rotating projector 10 which is shown on the figure 1 on a larger scale than the other components of installation 2. This projector 10 is mounted on the wrist 62 of a multi-axis robot 6 which also belongs to installation 2. It is supplied with coating product to be sprayed, in high voltage and pressurized air through conduits not visible on the figures 1 And 2 and which circulate through the wrist 62.

Le projecteur 10 permet notamment d'appliquer un produit de revêtement sur les surfaces internes d'un objet O supporté par le convoyeur 4, qui délimitent son volume intérieur VO. Le projecteur 10 est suffisamment compact pour s'engager dans le volume intérieur VO à travers l'une des ouvertures O1 ou 02.The projector 10 makes it possible in particular to apply a coating product to the internal surfaces of an object O supported by the conveyor 4, which delimit its interior volume VO. The projector 10 is sufficiently compact to engage in the interior volume VO through one of the openings O1 or 02.

Le projecteur 10 comprend un corps 102 sur lequel est monté une turbine 104 d'entraînement en rotation d'un bol 106, autour d'un axe de rotation A100 défini par le corps 102. Le bol 106 est solidarisé au rotor de la turbine 104 par tout moyen approprié, notamment par vissage ou par assemblage magnétique.The projector 10 comprises a body 102 on which is mounted a turbine 104 for rotating a bowl 106, around an axis of rotation A100 defined by the body 102. The bowl 106 is secured to the rotor of the turbine 104 by any appropriate means, in particular by screwing or by magnetic assembly.

Le corps 102 est monté sur une platine 108 qui constitue la face distale d'une partie coudée 110 du projecteur 10, laquelle permet de désaxer l'axe A100 par rapport à un axe central A62 du poignet 62.The body 102 is mounted on a plate 108 which constitutes the distal face of a bent part 110 of the projector 10, which makes it possible to offset the axis A100 relative to a central axis A62 of the wrist 62.

A l'intérieur de la partie coudée 110 circule un câble 112 d'alimentation du projecteur 10 en haute tension, par exemple une tension comprise entre -40 et -100kV, notamment égale à -60kV. Un câble 114 de mise à la terre, un tuyau 116 d'alimentation en produit de revêtement liquide et un tuyau 118 d'alimentation en air sous pression, avec une pression absolue comprise entre 1 et 6 bars, circulent également dans la partie coudée 110.Inside the bent part 110 circulates a cable 112 supplying the projector 10 with high voltage, for example a voltage between -40 and -100kV, in particular equal to -60kV. A grounding cable 114, a pipe 116 for supplying liquid coating product and a pipe 118 for supplying pressurized air, with an absolute pressure of between 1 and 6 bars, also circulate in the bent part 110 .

Un injecteur 120 est disposé au centre de la turbine 104 et permet d'injecter du produit de revêtement liquide dans le bol 106. Le raccordement entre le tuyau d'alimentation 116 et l'injecteur 120 n'est pas visible sur la figure 3 car il a lieu dans un plan différent de celui de cette figure.An injector 120 is arranged in the center of the turbine 104 and makes it possible to inject liquid coating product into the bowl 106. The connection between the supply pipe 116 and the injector 120 is not visible on the Figure 3 because it takes place in a plane different from that of this figure.

Comme cela ressort des figures 3 à 5, le corps 102 est formé d'une partie interne 1022 et d'une partie externe 1024 qui sont toutes deux assemblées sur la platine 108, en plus d'être assemblées ensemble.As appears from the figures 3 to 5 , the body 102 is formed of an internal part 1022 and an external part 1024 which are both assembled on the plate 108, in addition to being assembled together.

On définit l'avant du projecteur 100 comme le côté de ce projecteur tourné vers les objets O à revêtir lorsque le projecteur 10 fonctionne. Le bol 106 est monté à l'avant du projecteur 106. L'avant du projecteur 10 est tourné vers la droite sur les figures 1 à 5. On définit l'arrière du projecteur 10 comme le côté opposé à l'avant, l'arrière du projecteur 10 étant orienté vers la gauche sur les figures 1 à 5, en s'éloignant des objets O par rapport au bol 106.The front of the projector 100 is defined as the side of this projector facing the objects O to be covered when the projector 10 is operating. The bowl 106 is mounted on the front of the projector 106. The front of the projector 10 faces to the right on the figures 1 to 5 . The rear of the projector 10 is defined as the side opposite the front, the rear of the projector 10 being oriented towards the left on the figures 1 to 5 , moving away from the objects O relative to the bowl 106.

Le projecteur 10 comprend une jupe 124 destinée à éjecter de l'air autour du bol 106 lorsque le projecteur 10 fonctionne pour revêtir des objets O. La jupe est un sousensemble du projecteur 10 monté autour du corps 102 et de la turbine 104 et qui définit des canaux de circulation d'air jusqu'à proximité du bol 106. Plus précisément, le corps 102 est pourvu d'un filetage externe 1021 et la jupe 124 est pourvue d'un taraudage interne 1241 par lesquels la jupe 124 est vissée autour du corps 102.The projector 10 comprises a skirt 124 intended to eject air around the bowl 106 when the projector 10 operates to coat objects O. The skirt is a subassembly of the projector 10 mounted around the body 102 and the turbine 104 and which defines air circulation channels up to near the bowl 106. More precisely, the body 102 is provided with an external thread 1021 and the skirt 124 is provided with an internal thread 1241 by which the skirt 124 is screwed around the body 102.

La jupe 124 comprend une partie interne monobloc 1242 et une partie externe 1244 qui est bipartie et qui comprend une partie externe avant 1244A et une partie externe arrière 1244B, la partie externe avant 1244A étant situé plus à l'avant du projecteur 10 que la partie externe arrière 1244B, c'est-à-dire plus proche du bol 106.The skirt 124 comprises a one-piece internal part 1242 and an external part 1244 which is two-part and which comprises a front external part 1244A and a rear external part 1244B, the front external part 1244A being located more to the front of the projector 10 than the part rear external 1244B, that is to say closer to the bowl 106.

Plusieurs conduits 1246 de circulation d'air sous pression sont ménagés dans la partie interne 1242 de la jupe 124. D'autres conduits 1247 de circulation d'air sont ménagés dans la partie externe 1244. Les conduits 1246 et 1247 débouchent sur une face avant 1248 de la jupe 124, sous la forme d'orifices 1249 répartis autour de l'axe A100 et du bol 106.Several pressurized air circulation conduits 1246 are provided in the internal part 1242 of the skirt 124. Other air circulation conduits 1247 are provided in the external part 1244. The conduits 1246 and 1247 open onto a front face 1248 of the skirt 124, in the form of orifices 1249 distributed around the axis A100 and the bowl 106.

Les différents conduits 1246 et 1247 sont alimentés en air sous pression à partir du tuyau 118, le raccordement entre ces conduits et ce tuyau ayant lieu sur un plan différent de celui de la figure 3.The different conduits 1246 and 1247 are supplied with air under pressure from the pipe 118, the connection between these conduits and this pipe taking place on a plane different from that of the Figure 3 .

Seize électrodes 140 sont montées sur une bague annulaire 160 qui est en forme d'anneau fermé, à base circulaire dans l'exemple.Sixteen electrodes 140 are mounted on an annular ring 160 which is in the form of a closed ring, with a circular base in the example.

Comme cela ressort plus particulièrement de la figure 5, chaque électrode 140 comprend un corps 142 et une aiguille 144 dont on note 146 la pointe qui est tournée vers l'avant du projecteur 10.As emerges more particularly from the Figure 5 , each electrode 140 comprises a body 142 and a needle 144 of which we note 146 the tip which is turned towards the front of the projector 10.

En pratique, le corps 142 de chaque électrode 140 est logé dans un manchon 170 dans lequel est également reçue une résistance 180, à travers laquelle l'électrode 140 est alimentée en haute tension à partir du câble 112. On note 184 une première extrémité avant de chaque résistante 180 par laquelle cette résistance est en appui contre le corps 142 de l'électrode qu'elle alimente. On note 186 la deuxième extrémité arrière de chaque résistance qui est opposée à sa première extrémité.In practice, the body 142 of each electrode 140 is housed in a sleeve 170 in which a resistor 180 is also received, through which the electrode 140 is supplied with high voltage from the cable 112. We note 184 a first front end of each resistance 180 by which this resistance is supported against the body 142 of the electrode which it supplies. We note 186 the second rear end of each resistor which is opposite its first end.

Plus précisément, une fiche mâle 113 disposée à l'extrémité du câble 112 est branché dans une fiche femelle 190 de forme correspondante, qui est reliée, par un barreau conducteur 192, à l'un de seize logements borgnes 194 dans chacun desquels est disposé une fiche femelle 196.More precisely, a male plug 113 arranged at the end of the cable 112 is plugged into a female plug 190 of corresponding shape, which is connected, by a conductive bar 192, to one of sixteen blind housings 194 in each of which is arranged a female plug 196.

Les parties 1022 et 1024 du corps 102 sont réalisés dans un matériau électriquement isolant, tel que du PTFE, et la surface interne de chacun des logements borgnes 194 est revêtue d'une poudre conductrice, par exemple d'une poudre à base de carbone. D'autre part, les couches conductrices des différents logements borgnes 194 sont raccordées électriquement entre elles par des éléments conducteurs 198 noyés dans le corps 102. Ainsi, chacune des fiches femelles 196 est portée à la haute tension, à partir du câble haute tension 112.Parts 1022 and 1024 of body 102 are made of an electrically insulating material, such as PTFE, and the internal surface of each of the blind housings 194 is coated with a conductive powder, for example a carbon-based powder. On the other hand, the conductive layers of the different blind housings 194 are electrically connected to each other by conductive elements 198 embedded in the body 102. Thus, each of the female plugs 196 is brought to high voltage, from the high voltage cable 112 .

Le corps 102 est équipé de seize fourreaux 200 chacun alignés avec un logement borgne 194 selon leur axe longitudinal A200 qui est parallèle à l'axe A100 et décalé radialement par rapport à celui-ci. Les fourreaux sont chacun disposés en avant d'un logement borgne 194. En d'autres termes, les fourreaux 200 sont chacun situés dans le prolongement d'un logement borgne 194, selon un axe A200 parallèle à l'axe A100, et un fiche femelle 196 est alignée, selon un axe A200, avec chacun des fourreaux 200, du côté arrière de ce fourreau.The body 102 is equipped with sixteen sheaths 200 each aligned with a blind housing 194 along their longitudinal axis A200 which is parallel to the axis A100 and offset radially relative to it. The sheaths are each arranged in front of a blind housing 194. In other words, the sheaths 200 are each located in the extension of a blind housing 194, along an axis A200 parallel to the axis A100, and a plug female 196 is aligned, along an axis A200, with each of the sheaths 200, on the rear side of this sheath.

Chaque manchon 170 est vissé dans la bague 160 au moyen d'un filetage 172 prévu à proximité d'une première extrémité avant 174 de chaque manchon. La bague 160 est pourvue de seize taraudages 162 permettant le vissage des extrémités avant 174 des manchons 170. Ainsi, chaque manchon 170 est monté et fermement maintenu en position sur la bague 160, tous les manchons 170 et les résistances 180 qu'ils contiennent s'étendant d'un même côté de la bague 160, pour l'essentiel à l'extérieur de celle-ci, vers l'arrière du projecteur 10, en direction des logements borgnes 194.Each sleeve 170 is screwed into the ring 160 by means of a thread 172 provided near a first front end 174 of each sleeve. The ring 160 is provided with sixteen threads 162 allowing the screwing of the front ends 174 of the sleeves 170. Thus, each sleeve 170 is mounted and firmly held in position on the ring 160, all the sleeves 170 and the resistances 180 which they contain extending on the same side of the ring 160, essentially outside it, towards the rear of the projector 10, towards the blind housings 194.

Un joint torique 202 est monté autour du corps 142 d'une électrode 140, à l'intérieur de la première extrémité avant 174 du manchon 170 correspondant, tandis qu'un autre joint torique 204 est monté entre la première extrémité avant 174 du manchon 170 et la bague 160. Les joints 202 et 204 assurent une étanchéité entre le volume intérieur d'un manchon 170 et l'extérieur.An O-ring 202 is mounted around the body 142 of an electrode 140, inside the first front end 174 of the corresponding sleeve 170, while another O-ring 204 is mounted between the first front end 174 of the sleeve 170 and the ring 160. The seals 202 and 204 provide a seal between the interior volume of a sleeve 170 and the exterior.

Lorsqu'un manchon 170 est vissé est immobilisé sur la bague 160, l'aiguille 144 de l'électrode 140 dont le corps 142 est contenu dans ce manchon traverse un orifice 164 ménagé dans la bague 160 et qui la traverse de part en part, de l'arrière vers l'avant, de telle sorte que la pointe 146 de l'électrode 140 dépasse vers l'avant. En pratique, chaque pointe 146 est disposée dans une cuvette 166 ménagée à cet effet sur la face avant 168 de la bague 160 tournée vers l'avant du projecteur 10. Chaque pointe 146 dépasse du fond d'une cuvette 166, vers l'avant. De façon avantageuse, les pointes 146 ne dépassent pas vers l'avant de la face avant 168, ce qui limite les risques de blessure en cours de manipulation de la bague 160, notamment lors d'un essuyage de la surface 168.When a sleeve 170 is screwed and immobilized on the ring 160, the needle 144 of the electrode 140 whose body 142 is contained in this sleeve passes through an orifice 164 made in the ring 160 and which passes right through it, from the back to the front, so that the tip 146 of the electrode 140 protrudes towards the front. In practice, each tip 146 is placed in a cup 166 provided for this purpose on the front face 168 of the ring 160 facing the front of the projector 10. Each tip 146 protrudes from the bottom of a cup 166, towards the front . Advantageously, the points 146 do not protrude towards the front of the front face 168, which limits the risk of injury during handling of the ring 160, in particular when wiping the surface 168.

La bague 160 comprend également un organe d'encliquetage formé par une patte ou bande élastiquement déformable 169 qui s'étend sur toute la périphérie de la bague 160 et qui est prévue pour coopérer avec un relief d'encliquetage complémentaire 1029 prévu sur l'extérieur du corps 102, avec une géométrie correspondante à celle de la patte 169. Ceci permet d'immobiliser axialement et de centrer radialement à l'axe A100 la bague 160 sur le corps 102.The ring 160 also comprises a latching member formed by an elastically deformable tab or strip 169 which extends over the entire periphery of the ring 160 and which is designed to cooperate with a complementary latching relief 1029 provided on the exterior of the body 102, with a geometry corresponding to that of the tab 169. This makes it possible to immobilize axially and center radially at the axis A100 the ring 160 on the body 102.

On note 176 la deuxième extrémité arrière d'un manchon 170 opposée à sa première extrémité avant 174.We note 176 the second rear end of a sleeve 170 opposite its first front end 174.

La première extrémité avant 184 de chaque résistance 180 est disposée au niveau de la première extrémité avant 174 du manchon qui la reçoit, alors que la deuxième extrémité arrière 186 de cette résistance est disposée au niveau de la deuxième extrémité arrière 176 du même manchon.The first front end 184 of each resistor 180 is arranged at the level of the first front end 174 of the sleeve which receives it, while the second rear end 186 of this resistance is arranged at the level of the second rear end 176 of the same sleeve.

Un connecteur électrique 206 est monté dans chaque manchon 170, au niveau de son extrémité arrière 176, et il permet d'accommoder une fiche mâle 208 de type « fiche banane » avec des lamelles externes élastiquement déformables. La deuxième extrémité 186 de chaque résistance 180 est ainsi équipée, à travers un connecteur 206, d'une fiche mâle 208 auquel elle est raccordée. Toutes les fiches mâles 208 s'étendent axialement du même côté de la bague 140, vers l'arrière du projecteur 10, et parallèlement les unes aux autres.An electrical connector 206 is mounted in each sleeve 170, at its rear end 176, and it makes it possible to accommodate a male plug 208 of the “banana plug” type with elastically deformable external strips. The second end 186 of each resistor 180 is thus equipped, through a connector 206, with a male plug 208 to which it is connected. All the male plugs 208 extend axially on the same side of the ring 140, towards the rear of the projector 10, and parallel to each other.

La géométrie de chaque fiche mâle 208 lui permet de coopérer par coincement avec une fiche femelle 196 disposée dans un des logements borgnes 194, lorsque le manchon 170 dont elle est solidaire est complètement inséré dans le fourreau 200 correspondant, qui est aligné avec ce logement borgne 194.The geometry of each male plug 208 allows it to cooperate by wedging with a female plug 196 placed in one of the blind housings 194, when the sleeve 170 to which it is integral is completely inserted into the corresponding sheath 200, which is aligned with this blind housing 194.

On est alors dans la configuration représentée aux figures 1,3, 4 et 5 où chacune des électrodes 140 est alimenté en haute tension à travers un élément conducteur 198, une fiche femelle 196, une fiche mâle 208, un connecteur électrique 206 et une résistance 180.We are then in the configuration represented in figures 1 , 3 , 4 And 5 where each of the electrodes 140 is supplied with high voltage through a conductive element 198, a female plug 196, a male plug 208, an electrical connector 206 and a resistor 180.

Dans cette configuration, un flux d'ions peut être émis par chacune des pointes 146 pour charger le produit de revêtement quittant l'arête 1062 du bol 106, lorsque ce bol est entraîné en rotation par la turbine 104 et lorsque ce bol est alimenté en produit de revêtement à travers le tuyau 116. Le produit quittant le bol 106 est ainsi chargé électrostatiquement par un phénomène de charge dite « externe » ou « Corona ».In this configuration, a flow of ions can be emitted by each of the tips 146 to charge the coating product leaving the edge 1062 of the bowl 106, when this bowl is rotated by the turbine 104 and when this bowl is supplied with coating product through the pipe 116. The product leaving the bowl 106 is thus electrostatically charged by a so-called “external” or “Corona” charging phenomenon.

Si la bague 160 tend à se salir, tout particulièrement au niveau des cuvettes 166 ou de la face avant 168, il est possible de retirer la bague par un simple effort de traction parallèle à l'axe A100, comme représenté par la flèche F1 à la figure 2.If the ring 160 tends to become dirty, particularly at the level of the cups 166 or the front face 168, it is possible to remove the ring by a simple pulling force parallel to the axis A100, as represented by the arrow F1 at there figure 2 .

Cet effort F1 se traduit par un mouvement axial de la bague 160, des seize électrodes 140, des seize manchons 170 et des seize fiches mâles 208 qui sont solidaires de cette bague, ce qui a pour effet d'extraire les premières fiches, formées par les fiches mâles 208 et qui sont mobiles avec la bague 160, des deuxièmes fiches formées par les fiches femelles 196, qui sont fixes avec le corps 102.This force F1 results in an axial movement of the ring 160, of the sixteen electrodes 140, of the sixteen sleeves 170 and of the sixteen male plugs 208 which are secured to this ring, which has the effect of extracting the first plugs, formed by the male plugs 208 and which are movable with the ring 160, second plugs formed by the female plugs 196, which are fixed with the body 102.

Ce déplacement de la première bague 160, des électrodes 140, des manchons 170 et des résistances 180 à lieu sans qu'il soit nécessaire de démonter le bol 106 ou la jupe 124 qui restent en place sur le corps 102. En effet le diamètre intérieur de la bague 160 est strictement supérieur au diamètre extérieur du bol 106 et au diamètre extérieur de la jupe 124 sur sa longueur axiale comprise entre le bol 106 et la bague 160 montée sur le corps 102.This movement of the first ring 160, the electrodes 140, the sleeves 170 and the resistors 180 takes place without it being necessary to dismantle the bowl 106 or the skirt 124 which remain in place on the body 102. In fact the internal diameter of the ring 160 is strictly greater than the external diameter of the bowl 106 and the external diameter of the skirt 124 over its axial length between the bowl 106 and the ring 160 mounted on the body 102.

Après le retrait de la bague 160 et de ses accessoires, il est possible de monter, à la place des éléments 140, 160, 170, 180 et 208 précédemment démontés, un nouveau sous ensemble comprenant une deuxième bague 160, des électrodes 140, des résistances 180 et des manchons 170 équipés de fiches mâles 208 en insérant les différentes premières fiches mâles 208 dans les différentes deuxièmes fiches femelles 196, avec un effort axial, parallèle à l'axe A100, comme représenté par la flèche F2 à la figure 2.After removing the ring 160 and its accessories, it is possible to mount, in place of the elements 140, 160, 170, 180 and 208 previously dismantled, a new subassembly comprising a second ring 160, electrodes 140, resistors 180 and sleeves 170 equipped with male plugs 208 by inserting the different first male plugs 208 into the different second female plugs 196, with an axial force, parallel to the axis A100, as represented by the arrow F2 at the figure 2 .

Ce mouvement de mise en place de la deuxième bague 160 et des différents éléments qu'elle supporte a, là encore, lieu sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'agir sur le bol 106 ou la jupe 124 qui n'ont donc pas à être démontés ou remontés par rapport au reste du projecteur 10.This movement of placing the second ring 160 and the various elements that it supports takes place, again, without it being necessary to act on the bowl 106 or the skirt 124 which therefore do not have to be disassembled or reassembled in relation to the rest of the projector 10.

Une fois la deuxième bague 160 et ses accessoires 140, 170, 180 et 208 mis en place, le projecteur 10 est à nouveau fonctionnel et peut être utilisé pour revêtir les objets O, alors que la première bague, qui a été démontée, peut être nettoyée en temps masqué. L'interruption du fonctionnement de l'installation 2 est donc limitée au temps nécessaire au démontage et au débranchement de la première bague 160 par rapport aux fiches 196 et au montage de la deuxième bague 160 et à son branchement sur les fiches 196, ces opérations ayant lieu par de simples translation axiales, dans le sens des flèches F1 et F2.Once the second ring 160 and its accessories 140, 170, 180 and 208 have been put in place, the projector 10 is functional again and can be used to cover the objects O, while the first ring, which has been dismantled, can be cleaned in masked time. The interruption of the operation of the installation 2 is therefore limited to the time necessary for dismantling and disconnecting the first ring 160 from the plugs 196 and for mounting the second ring 160 and its connection to the plugs 196, these operations taking place by simple axial translation, in the direction of arrows F1 and F2.

Le mouvement de séparation de la bague 160 et du corps 102 a lieu à l'encontre de l'effort d'encliquetage exercé par les éléments 169 et 1029. Cet effort d'encliquetage peut être vaincu moyennant un effort F1 suffisamment intense. Pour faciliter l'application de cet effort, la bague 160 est pourvue d'une gorge périphérique 165 dans laquelle peuvent être engagés les mâchoires d'un outil non représenté, qui permet de serrer radialement la bague 160 puis d'exercer l'effort de traction dans le sens de la flèche F1. Un tel outil peut, par exemple, avoir trois mâchoires, réparties radialement autour de l'axe A100 et que l'on vient engager et serrer dans la gorge périphérique 165 au moyen d'un anneau qui resserre ces mâchoires.The separation movement of the ring 160 and the body 102 takes place against the detent force exerted by the elements 169 and 1029. This detent force can be overcome by means of a sufficiently intense force F1. To facilitate the application of this force, the ring 160 is provided with a peripheral groove 165 in which the jaws of a tool not shown can be engaged, which makes it possible to tighten the ring 160 radially then to exert the force of traction in the direction of arrow F1. Such a tool can, for example, have three jaws, distributed radially around the axis A100 and which are engaged and tightened in the peripheral groove 165 by means of a ring which tightens these jaws.

L'effort de montage et de branchement de la bague 160, dans le sens de la flèche F2, est un effort de poussé exercé sur la face avant 168.The mounting and connecting force of the ring 160, in the direction of arrow F2, is a pushing force exerted on the front face 168.

Lors de la mise en place d'une nouvelle bague 160 ou de la remise en place d'une bague précédemment nettoyée, le mouvement dans le sens de la flèche F2 se poursuit jusqu'à ce que les organes s'encliquetage 169 et 1029 viennent en prise l'un avec l'autre, ce qui a lieu lors de la connexion des premières et deuxièmes fiches 208 et 196.When installing a new ring 160 or replacing a previously cleaned ring, the movement in the direction of arrow F2 continues until the snap-in members 169 and 1029 come into place. in engagement with each other, which takes place when the first and second plugs 208 and 196 are connected.

La coopération des premières et deuxièmes fiches 208 et 196 permet de centrer la bague 160 et les électrodes 140 qu'elle porte par rapport au corps 102, au bol 106 et à l'axe A100 du simple fait de la mise en place de la bague 160 autour du corps 102.The cooperation of the first and second cards 208 and 196 makes it possible to center the ring 160 and the electrodes 140 which it carries relative to the body 102, to the bowl 106 and to the axis A100 simply by placing the ring in place. 160 around body 102.

Les électrodes 140, les manchons 170, les fiches 196 et 208 et les fourreaux 200 sont identiques. Ainsi, la bague 160 peut être montée sur le corps 102 avec n'importe quelle orientation angulaire autour de l'axe A100, avec un pas égal à 360/16 = 22,5°.The electrodes 140, the sleeves 170, the plugs 196 and 208 and the sheaths 200 are identical. Thus, the ring 160 can be mounted on the body 102 with any angular orientation around the axis A100, with a pitch equal to 360/16 = 22.5°.

Le mode de montage et de démontage de la bague 160 équipée des électrodes 140 et des résistances 180 sur le corps 102, qui a lieu selon deux mouvements de translation axiale dans le sens des flèches F1 et F2, permet d'envisager un montage et un démontage automatiques de la bague 160 sur le corps 102, au moyen d'un robot. Ceci induit des avantages en termes de gain de temps, de répétabilité, de fiabilité du montage. Ceci évite les interventions humaines dans une cabine de projection, et donc les contraintes associées en termes d'équipement, d'outillage et de conditions de sécurité pour en autoriser l'accès.The method of assembly and disassembly of the ring 160 equipped with the electrodes 140 and the resistors 180 on the body 102, which takes place according to two axial translation movements in the direction of the arrows F1 and F2, makes it possible to envisage an assembly and a automatic disassembly of the ring 160 on the body 102, by means of a robot. This brings advantages in terms of time savings, repeatability and assembly reliability. This avoids human intervention in a projection booth, and therefore the associated constraints in terms of equipment, tools and security conditions to authorize access.

D'autre part, un conduit 220 est ménagé dans la partie interne 1022 du corps 102 et débouche au voisinage du bord arrière 1245 de la partie externe arrière 1244B de la jupe 124. Plus précisément, un volume annulaire V102 est ménagé entre les parties 1022 et 1024 du corps 102 et la partie externe arrière 1244B de la jupe 124 s'étend en partie dans ce volume annulaire V102, avec son bord arrière 1245 engagé dans une gorge périphérique 1024A formée par la partie 1024 du corps 102 et qui constitue la portion arrière du volume annulaire V102. Un joint torique 222 délimite le volume annulaireV102 vers l'avant. Il est disposé entre la partie externe arrière 1244B et la partie interne 1022 du corps 102 et en appui contre ces parties, ce qui empêche la circulation de l'air débouchant du conduit 220 dans le volume annulaire V102 vers l'avant du projecteur 10, entre les parties 1244B et 1022. La gorge 1024A forme une chicane autour du bord arrière 1245 de la jupe 124. L'air sortant du conduit 220 doit donc s'écouler dans le volume V102, dans le sens des flèches F3 à la figure 4, tout d'abord vers l'arrière, puis vers l'avant, en faisant le tour du bord arrière 1245. Ainsi, le volume V102 constitue une chambre d'écoulement d'air sous pression, entre le corps 102 et la jupe 124, cette chambre étant délimitée vers l'avant par le joint 222.On the other hand, a conduit 220 is provided in the internal part 1022 of the body 102 and opens near the rear edge 1245 of the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124. More precisely, an annular volume V102 is provided between the parts 1022 and 1024 of the body 102 and the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124 extends partly in this annular volume V102, with its rear edge 1245 engaged in a peripheral groove 1024A formed by the part 1024 of the body 102 and which constitutes the portion rear of the annular volume V102. An O-ring 222 delimits the annular volume V102 towards the front. It is arranged between the rear external part 1244B and the internal part 1022 of the body 102 and resting against these parts, which prevents the circulation of air emerging from the conduit 220 in the annular volume V102 towards the front of the projector 10, between parts 1244B and 1022. The groove 1024A forms a chicane around the rear edge 1245 of the skirt 124. The air leaving the conduit 220 must therefore flow into the volume V102, in the direction of the arrows F3 at the Figure 4 , first towards the rear, then towards the front, going around the rear edge 1245. Thus, the volume V102 constitutes a pressurized air flow chamber, between the body 102 and the skirt 124 , this chamber being delimited towards the front by the joint 222.

En pratique, le volume V102 est un volume annulaire, qui entoure certaines portions des parties 1022 et 1024 du corps 102, et plusieurs conduits du type du conduit 220 sont prévus, qui débouchent dans ce volume V102 en plusieurs endroits distribués autour de la partie interne 1022 du corps 102, ce qui permet de bien répartir l'air provenant du tuyau 118 dans le volume V102, autour de l'axe A100.In practice, the volume V102 is an annular volume, which surrounds certain portions of the parts 1022 and 1024 of the body 102, and several conduits of the type of conduit 220 are provided, which open into this volume V102 in several places distributed around the internal part 1022 of the body 102, which allows the air coming from the pipe 118 to be well distributed in the volume V102, around the axis A100.

L'air, qui s'écoule dans le sens des flèches F3 au sein du volume V102, parvient dans une première chambre 224 définie entre le corps 102 et la jupe 124, qui présente, en section radiale, une forme globalement triangulaire et qui est reliée à une deuxième chambre 226 par des canaux 228 dont le nombre est compris entre 30 et 90, de préférence entre 45 et 75, de préférence égal à 60. La deuxième chambre 226 est annulaire et définie entre la jupe 124 et la bague 160. Elle sert à répartir radialement autour de l'axe A100 l'air provenant des différents canaux 228. Ces différents canaux 228 ont un diamètre interne d228 compris entre 1,5 et 2,5mm, de préférence égal à 2mm. Si les canaux sont à section non circulaire, c'est la plus petite dimension de leur section transversale qui est comprise entre 1,5 et 2,5mm, de préférence égale à 2mm. Dans le cas de canaux 228 à section circulaire, comme représenté sur les figures, leur diamètre d228 est la plus petite dimension de leur section transversale.The air, which flows in the direction of the arrows F3 within the volume V102, arrives in a first chamber 224 defined between the body 102 and the skirt 124, which has, in radial section, a generally triangular shape and which is connected to a second chamber 226 by channels 228 whose number is between 30 and 90, preferably between 45 and 75, preferably equal to 60. The second chamber 226 is annular and defined between the skirt 124 and the ring 160. It serves to distribute radially around the axis A100 the air coming from the different channels 228. These different channels 228 have an internal diameter d228 of between 1.5 and 2.5mm, preferably equal to 2mm. If the channels have a non-circular section, it is the smallest dimension of their cross section which is between 1.5 and 2.5mm, preferably equal to 2mm. In the case of channels 228 with a circular section, as shown in the figures, their diameter d228 is the smallest dimension of their cross section.

Dans un plan radial à l'axe A100, tel que le plan des figures 3 à 5, les canaux 228 sont inclinés par rapport à l'axe A100, en convergeant vers l'avant en direction de l'axe A100, ce qui facilite leur réalisation par perçage de la partie externe arrière 1244B de la jupe 124, postérieurement à l'usinage des chambres 224 et 226 dans cette jupe. Les canaux 228 sont dirigés vers une paroi 227 de la chambre annulaire qui est inclinée vers l'avant en direction de la bague 160, c'est-à-dire divergente vers l'avant par rapport à l'axe A100.In a plane radial to axis A100, such as the plane of figures 3 to 5 , the channels 228 are inclined relative to the axis A100, converging forwards towards the axis A100, which facilitates their production by drilling the rear external part 1244B of the skirt 124, posterior to the machining of rooms 224 and 226 in this skirt. The channels 228 are directed towards a wall 227 of the annular chamber which is inclined forwards towards the ring 160, that is to say diverging forwards relative to the axis A100.

Les canaux sont chacun parallèles à un plan radial à l'axe A100.The channels are each parallel to a plane radial to the axis A100.

En parallèle aux différents canaux 228, un interstice 230 relie les chambres 224 et 226. Cet interstice 230 est défini entre la surface radiale externe S124 de la jupe 1244 et la surface radiale interne S160 de la bague 160. En d'autres termes, entre les chambres 224 et 226 le long de l'axe A100, la jupe 124 et la bague 160 ne sont pas en contact, de sorte que l'interstice radial 230 est formé, avec une épaisseur radiale e230 non nulle. Cette épaisseur radiale e230 est plus petite que la plus petite dimension d'une section transversale d'un canal 228. En pratique, l'épaisseur radiale e230 de l'interstice 230 peut être choisie entre 0,1 et 0,3mm, de préférence égale à 0,2mm.In parallel to the different channels 228, a gap 230 connects the chambers 224 and 226. This gap 230 is defined between the external radial surface S124 of the skirt 1244 and the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160. In other words, between the chambers 224 and 226 along the axis A100, the skirt 124 and the ring 160 are not in contact, so that the radial gap 230 is formed, with a non-zero radial thickness e230. This radial thickness e230 is smaller than the smallest dimension of a cross section of a channel 228. In practice, the radial thickness e230 of the gap 230 can be chosen between 0.1 and 0.3mm, preferably equal to 0.2mm.

La deuxième chambre 226 débouche vers l'aval, le long de la surface radiale externe S124 de la jupe 124, par une fente 232 qui est annulaire et dont on note e232 l'épaisseur, mesurée radialement à l'axe A100. Cette épaisseur radiale est choisie entre 0,25 et 2mm, de préférence entre 0,5 et 1,5mm, de préférence encore égale à 1mm.The second chamber 226 opens downstream, along the external radial surface S124 of the skirt 124, through a slot 232 which is annular and whose thickness is denoted e232, measured radially to the axis A100. This radial thickness is chosen between 0.25 and 2mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5mm, more preferably equal to 1mm.

Au niveau de la fente 232, la surface radiale externe S124 est tronconique et convergente vers l'avant du projecteur 10, en direction de l'axe A100. On note α124 le demi-angle au sommet de la surface S124 au niveau de la fente 232. Toujours au niveau de la fente 232, la surface radiale interne S160 de la jupe 160 est également tronconique et convergente vers l'avant en direction de l'axe A100. On note β160 le demi-angle au sommet de la surface S160 au niveau de la fente 232. Les angles α124 et β160 ont la même valeur. En d'autres, termes, la surface radiale interne S160 de la bague 160 épouse localement la forme extérieure de la jupe 124. L'épaisseur e232 est ainsi constante sur la longueur de la fente 232.At the level of slot 232, the external radial surface S124 is frustoconical and converges towards the front of the projector 10, in the direction of axis A100. We note α124 the half-angle at the top of the surface S124 at the level of the slot 232. Still at the level of the slot 232, the internal radial surface S160 of the skirt 160 is also frustoconical and converging forward towards the A100 axis. We denote β160 as the half-angle at the top of surface S160 at slot 232. Angles α124 and β160 have the same value. In other words, the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160 locally matches the external shape of the skirt 124. The thickness e232 is thus constant over the length of the slot 232.

En pratique, l'épaisseur radiale e232 est choisie strictement inférieure à la plus petite dimension d'une section transversale d'un conduit 228, donc à son diamètre d228 dans le cas d'un conduit 228 à section circulaire. Ainsi, l'écoulement d'air dans la deuxième chambre 226 accélère en passant des conduits 228 à la fente 232.In practice, the radial thickness e232 is chosen strictly less than the smallest dimension of a cross section of a conduit 228, therefore its diameter d228 in the case of a conduit 228 with a circular section. Thus, the air flow in the second chamber 226 accelerates as it passes from the conduits 228 to the slot 232.

En outre, comme les canaux sont dirigés vers la surface 227, l'air se répartit efficacement autour de l'axe A100, en circulant le long de cette surface, avant d'atteindre la fente 232.In addition, as the channels are directed towards the surface 227, the air is distributed effectively around the axis A100, circulating along this surface, before reaching the slot 232.

L'air débouche de la fente 232 par une sortie 234 dirigée vers l'avant du projecteur, qui envoie l'air le long de la surface externe S124 de la jupe 124, comme représenté par la flèche F4 aux figures 3 à 5, avec une vitesse suffisante pour cheminer le long de la surface S124, jusqu'à proximité de la face avant 128 de la jupe 124. De préférence, la géométrie de la surface S124 et celle de la surface radiale interne S160 de la bague 160 sont choisies de telle sorte que l'épaisseur e232 est constante le long de la fente 232. La sortie 234 de la fente 232 présente alors également l'épaisseur radiale e232.The air emerges from the slot 232 via an outlet 234 directed towards the front of the projector, which sends the air along the external surface S124 of the skirt 124, as represented by the arrow F4 at the figures 3 to 5 , with sufficient speed to travel along the surface S124, up to near the front face 128 of the skirt 124. Preferably, the geometry of the surface S124 and that of the internal radial surface S160 of the ring 160 are chosen such that the thickness e232 is constant along the slot 232. The outlet 234 of the slot 232 then also has the radial thickness e232.

Ceci tend à faciliter le fait que l'écoulement d'air sortant de la fente 232 suit la surface S124 par effet Coanda. De préférence, pour faciliter cet effet Coanda, l'angle de convergence vers l'avant de la surface S124 en direction de l'axe A100 est choisi inférieur ou égal à 7°.This tends to facilitate the fact that the air flow leaving the slot 232 follows the surface S124 by Coanda effect. Preferably, to facilitate this Coanda effect, the forward convergence angle of the surface S124 in the direction of the axis A100 is chosen less than or equal to 7°.

Ainsi, la fente 232 permet de diriger, à travers sa sortie 234, un flux d'air représenté par la flèche F4 vers la partie du projecteur située à l'avant de la bague 160 et des différentes électrodes 140. Ce flux d'air F4, qui peut être qualifié de lame d'air, s'écoule de préférence en permanence lorsque le projecteur 10 est en fonctionnement et il vient lécher la surface externe du projecteur, notamment la surface externe S124 de la jupe 124, ce qui empêche ou limite fortement les dépôts de produit de revêtement sur cette surface. Le projecteur 10 a moins tendance à se salir et les opérations de nettoyage peuvent être plus espacées dans le temps qu'avec les projecteurs connus.Thus, the slot 232 makes it possible to direct, through its outlet 234, an air flow represented by the arrow F4 towards the part of the projector located at the front of the ring 160 and the different electrodes 140. This air flow F4, which can be described as an air blade, preferably flows continuously when the projector 10 is in operation and it licks the external surface of the projector, in particular the external surface S124 of the skirt 124, which prevents or strongly limits deposits of coating product on this surface. The projector 10 is less likely to get dirty and cleaning operations can be spaced out over a longer period of time than with known projectors.

Le débit d'air sortant par la fente 232, dans le sens de la flèche F4, est de préférence inférieur au débit total d'air de jupe déchargé par les orifices 1249. A titre d'exemple, pour un débit d'air de jupe compris entre 300 et 800 litres par minute (I/mn), le débit d'air déchargé par la fente 232 peut être de l'ordre de 300 I/mn. En pratique, dans ce cas, le débit d'air déchargé par la fente 232 peut être choisis entre100 et 500 I/mn, de préférence entre 200 et 400 l/mn, la valeur de 300 l/mn s'étant avérée particulièrement efficace.The air flow leaving through the slot 232, in the direction of the arrow F4, is preferably less than the total skirt air flow discharged through the orifices 1249. For example, for an air flow of skirt between 300 and 800 liters per minute (I/min), the air flow discharged through slot 232 can be of the order of 300 I/min. In practice, in this case, the air flow discharged through the slot 232 can be chosen between 100 and 500 I/min, preferably between 200 and 400 l/min, the value of 300 l/min having proven to be particularly effective.

L'air sortant de la fente 232 dans le sens de la flèche F4 a un effet d'entraînement par aspiration sur l'air voisin, en particulier sur l'air se trouvant devant la face avant 168 de la bague 160. Cet effet d'entraînement crée un courant d'air représenté par la flèche F5 à la figure 3, ce qui facilite le nettoyage de la face avant 168 et des cuvettes 166 en cours de projection ou évite de dépôt d'overspray, pour le cas où des résidus de produit de revêtement auraient tendance à s'y déposer.The air leaving the slot 232 in the direction of the arrow F4 has a driving effect by suction on the neighboring air, in particular on the air located in front of the front face 168 of the ring 160. This effect d The drive creates a current of air represented by the arrow F5 at the Figure 3 , which facilitates cleaning of the front face 168 and the bowls 166 during spraying or avoids the deposit of overspray, in the event that residues of coating product tend to be deposited there.

En fonctionnement, il est possible de contrôler la haute tension appliquée aux électrodes 140, ce qui permet de détecter un éventuel emballement du phénomène de charge électrostatique ou, au contraire, une diminution rapide de ce phénomène, ce qui peut provenir d'une salissure des électrodes 140 ou des parties du projecteur voisines, notamment la jupe 124. En cas de dérive de la tension par rapport à une valeur nominale, par exemple -60kV, le débit d'alimentation du volume V102 et de la fente 232 en air sous pression peut être augmenté temporairement, ceci afin de nettoyer rapidement la surface S124 d'un éventuel dépôt de produit de revêtement ou d'humidité. En particulier, le débit d'alimentation du volume V102 et de la fente 232 en air sous pression peut être doublé dans ce cas.In operation, it is possible to control the high voltage applied to the electrodes 140, which makes it possible to detect a possible runaway of the electrostatic charge phenomenon or, on the contrary, a rapid decrease in this phenomenon, which can come from contamination of the electrodes 140 or neighboring parts of the projector, in particular the skirt 124. In the event of a voltage drift relative to a nominal value, for example -60kV, the supply rate of the volume V102 and the slot 232 with pressurized air can be increased temporarily, in order to quickly clean the surface S124 of any deposit of coating product or humidity. In particular, the flow rate of supplying the volume V102 and the slot 232 with pressurized air can be doubled in this case.

A cet égard, en cas de risque d'humidité, il peut être envisagé que l'air acheminé jusqu'au volume V102, donc l'air déchargé par la fente 232, soit plus chaud que l'air ambiant. En d'autres termes, l'air d'alimentation de la fente 232 peut être réchauffé par rapport à l'air ambiant autour du projecteur, ce qui améliore l'effet de séchage de la surface S124 grâce au flux d'air sortant de la fente 232 par sa sortie 234.In this regard, in the event of a risk of humidity, it can be envisaged that the air conveyed to volume V102, therefore the air discharged through slot 232, is hotter than the ambient air. In other words, the supply air of the slot 232 can be heated relative to the ambient air around the projector, which improves the drying effect of the surface S124 thanks to the air flow leaving from slot 232 via its outlet 234.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, qui peut être appliqué en conjonction ou à la place de ceux mentionnés ci-dessus, l'air d'alimentation de la fente annulaire 232 peut être polarisé électriquement. Par exemple, des électrodes non représentées peuvent être disposées dans le conduit 118 ou les conduits 220 et dans les conduits parallèles pour charger l'air avec une polarité opposée à celle de la tension appliquée sur les électrodes 140. Dans ces conditions, l'air sortant de la fente 232 a la même polarité que les particules de produit de revêtement éjectées par l'arête 1062 du bol 106, ce qui a pour effet de repousser ces particules vers l'avant du projecteur, en limitant la salissure de la surface S124 et de la bague 160, notamment de sa face avant 168. Une telle polarisation de l'air éjecté par la fente 232 peut être envisagée en permanence ou seulement en cas de dérive de la valeur de haute tension délivrée au niveau des électrodes 140.According to another aspect of the invention, which can be applied in conjunction with or instead of those mentioned above, the supply air to the annular slot 232 can be electrically polarized. For example, electrodes not shown can be arranged in the conduit 118 or the conduits 220 and in the parallel conduits to charge the air with a polarity opposite to that of the voltage applied to the electrodes 140. Under these conditions, the air emerging from the slot 232 has the same polarity as the particles of coating product ejected by the edge 1062 of the bowl 106, which has the effect of pushing these particles towards the front of the projector, limiting the dirt on the surface S124 and of the ring 160, in particular of its front face 168. Such polarization of the air ejected by the slot 232 can be considered permanently or only in the event of a drift in the high voltage value delivered at the level of the electrodes 140.

La fente annulaire 232 et l'air qui en sort lorsque le projecteur fonctionne facilitent le nettoyage du projecteur 10 au sein d'une boîte de rinçage. Dans ce type de matériel, il est habituel d'amener une partie d'un projecteur en contact avec un bord de la boîte de rinçage, avec interposition d'un joint. Il est également habituel de prévoir, dans la boîte de rinçage, un jet d'air interne et/ou un dispositif de raclage de la surface externe du projecteur. Le flux d'air représenté par la flèche F4 permet de se passer de ces joint, jet d'air interne et/ou dispositif de raclage car il nettoie en permanence la partie avant du projecteur, y compris lorsque celui-ci est engagé dans la boîte de rinçage. Ceci donne plus de liberté dans la conception de la forme extérieure du corps 102 et de la jupe 124. En outre, la lame d'air, qui sort de la fente 232 par sa sortie 234, comme représenté par les flèches F4, permet de confiner les éclaboussures de produit de nettoyage et de produit de revêtement à l'intérieur de la boîte de rinçage. En terme de procédé, on peut prévoir que la chambre formée par le volume V102 est alimentée avec un débit d'air maximum lorsque le projecteur est engagé dans la boîte de rinçage, ce qui induit un effet de nettoyage/séchage maximum lors de cette phase d'un procédé de pulvérisation mettant en oeuvre le projecteur 10. Grâce à la lame d'air formée par le flux d'air sortant de la fente 232 par sa sortie 234, le temps de séchage du projecteur est diminué, ce qui diminue le temps d'immobilisation du projecteur dans la boîte de rinçage. Le passage du projecteur en boîte de rinçage permet d'espacer les démontages/remontages de l'électrode 160 par rapport au corps 102.The annular slot 232 and the air that comes out of it when the projector is operating facilitate cleaning of the projector 10 within a rinse box. In this type of equipment, it is usual to bring part of a projector into contact with an edge of the flushing box, with the interposition of a seal. It is also usual to provide, in the rinsing box, an internal air jet and/or a device for scraping the external surface of the projector. The air flow represented by arrow F4 makes it possible to do without these seals, internal air jet and/or scraping device because it permanently cleans the front part of the projector, including when it is engaged in the rinse box. This gives more freedom in the design of the external shape of the body 102 and the skirt 124. In addition, the air blade, which leaves the slot 232 via its outlet 234, as represented by the arrows F4, makes it possible to confine splashes of cleaning agent and coating material to the inside of the rinse box. In terms of process, we can predict that the chamber formed by the volume V102 is supplied with a maximum air flow when the projector is engaged in the rinsing box, which induces a maximum cleaning/drying effect during this phase. of a spraying process using the projector 10. Thanks to the air blade formed by the air flow leaving the slot 232 via its outlet 234, the drying time of the projector is reduced, which reduces the projector downtime in the flush box. Passing the projector into a rinsing box makes it possible to space out the disassembly/reassembly of the electrode 160 in relation to the body 102.

Lorsque le pulvérisateur est assemblé, comme représenté aux figures 1, et 3 à 5, la bague 160 et, en particulier, les électrodes 140 et la fente 232 sont décalées, le long de l'axe A100, vers l'arrière, par rapport à l'arête 1062 du bol et par rapport aux orifices de sortie 1249 de la jupe 124. Plus précisément, les pointes 146 des électrodes 140 et le débouché de la fente 232 vers l'extérieur sont plus éloignés de l'arête 1062 et des orifices 1249 que la partie externe avant 1244A jupe 124. En outre, le long de l'axe A100, la fente annulaire 232 est disposée au voisinage que les pointes 146, qui sont également décalées vers l'arrière par rapport aux orifices1249. Par « au voisinage de », on entend que, le long de l'axe A100, les pointes 146 des électrodes 140 sont situées à moins de 5 mm de la fente 232.When the sprayer is assembled as shown in figures 1 , And 3 to 5 , the ring 160 and, in particular, the electrodes 140 and the slot 232 are offset, along the axis A100, towards the rear, with respect to the edge 1062 of the bowl and with respect to the outlet orifices 1249 of the skirt 124. More precisely, the tips 146 of the electrodes 140 and the outlet of the slot 232 towards the outside are further away from the edge 1062 and the orifices 1249 than the front external part 1244A skirt 124. In addition, along of the axis A100, the annular slot 232 is arranged in the vicinity of the points 146, which are also offset rearwardly relative to the orifices 1249. By “in the vicinity of”, we mean that, along the axis A100, the tips 146 of the electrodes 140 are located less than 5 mm from the slot 232.

L'invention est applicable avec un produit de revêtement liquide, comme mentionné ci-dessus, ou, en variante, avec un produit de revêtement pulvérulent.The invention is applicable with a liquid coating product, as mentioned above, or, alternatively, with a powder coating product.

Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté de l'invention, le démontage de la bague 160 peut avoir lieu grâce à un outil qui exerce un effort de traction non pas sur l'extérieur de la bague, au niveau de la gorge périphérique 165, mais par l'intérieur de la bague. Dans ce cas, lorsque la bague 160 doit être retirée, la jupe 124 est démontée, en gardant le bol 106 en place sur la turbine 104 si le diamètre du bol est inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la jupe 124. Si le diamètre du bol 106 est supérieur ou égal au diamètre intérieur de la jupe, comme dans l'exemple des figures, le bol est démonté de la turbine préalablement au démontage de la jupe par rapport au corps 102. Dans tous les cas, le démontage de la jupe a lieu en dévissant la bague 160 par rapport au corps 102, en désengageant le taraudage 1241 du filetage 1021. Il est alors possible de visser sur le filetage 1021 le corps d'un outil non représenté qui est pourvu de pattes élastiques qui s'étendent vers l'arrière du projecteur 10, au-delà d'une surface S161 de la bague qui est radiale à l'axe A100 et tournée vers l'arrière du projecteur. Ces pattes se déforment élastiquement pour passer radialement au centre de la bague 160, entre cette bague et le corps 102, à l'intérieur du volume V102, lors du montage de l'outil sur le corps 102. Des extrémités libres des pattes élastiques ont des pointes en harpon qui, lorsque les pattes reprennent leur configuration non contrainte, s'engagent derrière la surface S161. Les pointes en harpon sont réparties autour du corps 102, donc en mesure d'exercer sur la surface S161 un effort axial dans le sens de la flèche F1, cet effort étant réparti autour de l'axe A100 du fait de la multiplicité des pattes en question. Cet effort est exercé lorsque, après avoir engagé les pointes en harpon des pattes de l'outil derrière la surface S161, l'outil est dévissé par rapport au corps 102. Cet effort permet de démonter la bague 160 par rapport au corps 102, moyennant le retrait de la jupe 124 et, éventuellement du bol 106. Ceci permet de démonter facilement la bague grâce au guidage de l'outil sur le filetage qui garantit un effort de traction, représenté par la flèche F1, qui est selon l'axe A100. De plus l'effort est démultiplié par le pas de vis.According to a not shown embodiment of the invention, the dismantling of the ring 160 can take place using a tool which exerts a tensile force not on the outside of the ring, at the level of the peripheral groove 165, but from the inside of the ring. In this case, when the ring 160 must be removed, the skirt 124 is dismantled, in keeping the bowl 106 in place on the turbine 104 if the diameter of the bowl is less than the internal diameter of the skirt 124. If the diameter of the bowl 106 is greater than or equal to the internal diameter of the skirt, as in the example of the figures, the bowl is dismantled from the turbine prior to dismantling the skirt from body 102. In all cases, dismantling of the skirt takes place by unscrewing ring 160 from body 102, disengaging thread 1241 from thread 1021 It is then possible to screw onto the thread 1021 the body of a tool not shown which is provided with elastic tabs which extend towards the rear of the projector 10, beyond a surface S161 of the ring which is radial to axis A100 and turned towards the rear of the projector. These tabs deform elastically to pass radially through the center of the ring 160, between this ring and the body 102, inside the volume V102, when mounting the tool on the body 102. Free ends of the elastic tabs have harpoon points which, when the legs return to their unconstrained configuration, engage behind the surface S161. The harpoon points are distributed around the body 102, therefore able to exert on the surface S161 an axial force in the direction of the arrow F1, this force being distributed around the axis A100 due to the multiplicity of the lugs in question. This force is exerted when, after having engaged the harpoon points of the legs of the tool behind the surface S161, the tool is unscrewed relative to the body 102. This force makes it possible to dismantle the ring 160 relative to the body 102, by means of removing the skirt 124 and, possibly the bowl 106. This allows the ring to be easily dismantled thanks to the guidance of the tool on the thread which guarantees a tensile force, represented by the arrow F1, which is along the axis A100 . In addition, the effort is multiplied by the screw pitch.

En variante, le nombre d'électrodes 140 est différent de seize. De préférence, ce nombre est choisi entre 13 et 20, notamment entre 14 et 18. Le fait que le nombre d"électrodes est strictement supérieur à 12 induit que l'écart angulaire autour de l'axe A100 entre deux électrodes adjacentes est strictement inférieur à 30°. Ainsi, la portion de la face avant 168 de la bague 160 exposée aux retours de peinture entre deux pointes 146 est relativement petite, ce qui limite l'aire des surfaces de la bague 160 à nettoyer. Dans tous les cas, le nombre de manchon 170, de résistances 180 et de premières fiches 208 est égal au nombre d'électrodes 140.Alternatively, the number of electrodes 140 is different from sixteen. Preferably, this number is chosen between 13 and 20, in particular between 14 and 18. The fact that the number of electrodes is strictly greater than 12 means that the angular difference around the axis A100 between two adjacent electrodes is strictly less at 30°. Thus, the portion of the front face 168 of the ring 160 exposed to the paint returning between two points 146 is relatively small, which limits the area of the surfaces of the ring 160 to be cleaned. In all cases, the number of sleeve 170, resistors 180 and first plugs 208 is equal to the number of electrodes 140.

Selon une variante non représentée de l'invention, les premières fiches 208 solidaires de la bague 160 sont des fiches femelles, alors que les deuxièmes fiches 196 solidaires du corps 102 sont des fiches mâles.According to a not shown variant of the invention, the first plugs 208 secured to the ring 160 are female plugs, while the second plugs 196 secured to the body 102 are male plugs.

Selon une autre variante, la structure et la géométrie de la jupe 124 peuvent être différentes de celle représentée sur les figures. En particulier, le nombre de pièces constitutives de la jupe 124 peut être différent de trois.According to another variant, the structure and geometry of the skirt 124 may be different from that shown in the figures. In particular, the number of constituent parts of the skirt 124 may be different from three.

Selon encore une autre variante, les canaux 228 peuvent avoir une composante ortho-radiale, au point que l'air sortant de ces canaux présente une composante ortho-radiale qui se traduit dans une composante vortex de l'air sortant de la fente 232.According to yet another variant, the channels 228 can have an ortho-radial component, to the point that the air leaving these channels has an ortho-radial component which translates into a vortex component of the air leaving the slot 232.

La section des canaux 228 peut être autre que circulaire.The section of the channels 228 may be other than circular.

En outre les canaux peuvent être réalisé, en totalité ou en partie, dans la corps 102, au lieu de dans la jupe 124.In addition, the channels can be made, in whole or in part, in the body 102, instead of in the skirt 124.

Selon encore une autre variante, les organes d'encliquetage 169 et 1029 peuvent être remplacés par un joint disposé entre le corps 102 et la bague 160, ce joint permettant de centrer et de coincer la bague sur le corps. Ce joint est avantageusement un joint torique.According to yet another variant, the latching members 169 and 1029 can be replaced by a seal placed between the body 102 and the ring 160, this seal making it possible to center and wedge the ring on the body. This seal is advantageously an O-ring.

Dans l'exemple, le circuit d'alimentation de la fente 232 en air sous pression s'étend à la fois dans le corps 102, sous la forme des conduits 220, dans la jupe 124, sous la forme des conduits 228, entre le corps 102 et la jupe, sous la forme du volume V102 et entre la jupe 124 et la bague 160, sous la forme de l'interstice 230. En variante, ce circuit s'étend seulement dans l'une ou l'autre de ces parties ou seulement entre deux d'entre elles.In the example, the circuit for supplying the slot 232 with pressurized air extends both in the body 102, in the form of conduits 220, in the skirt 124, in the form of conduits 228, between the body 102 and the skirt, in the form of the volume V102 and between the skirt 124 and the ring 160, in the form of the gap 230. Alternatively, this circuit extends only in one or the other of these parties or only between two of them.

Les objets O sur lesquels est appliqué le produit de revêtement dans l'installation de de l'invention peuvent être des objets autres que des caissons, notamment des carrosseries de véhicule automobile. Le projecteur 10 est particulièrement adapté à l'application de produit de revêtement à l'intérieur de telles carrosseries.The objects O on which the coating product is applied in the installation of the invention may be objects other than boxes, in particular motor vehicle bodies. The projector 10 is particularly suitable for the application of coating product inside such bodywork.

En variante, le robot multiaxe 6 peut être remplacé par un autre type de robot, notamment un réciprocateur.Alternatively, the multi-axis robot 6 can be replaced by another type of robot, in particular a reciprocator.

L'invention permet d'envisager, à terme, une dépose de l'enveloppe extérieure complète du projecteur et la reprise d'une enveloppe propre sans arrêt de production, à une fréquence dépendante des conditions et des types d'application. Selon une telle approche, on dépose le bol, la jupe, et l'électrode lorsque ceux-ci sont sales. On reprend un ensemble complet propre et on procède au nettoyage en temps masqué de la première enveloppe. On peut même envisager d'aller vers la dépose/repose de toutes les pièces en contact avec le nuage de peinture ou avec l'overspray, ce qui serait difficile, voire impossible, avec les électrodes de charge externe de l'art antérieur.The invention makes it possible to envisage, in the long term, removing the complete outer casing of the projector and resuming a clean casing without stopping production, at a frequency depending on the conditions and types of application. According to such an approach, the bowl, the skirt, and the electrode are removed when they are dirty. We take a complete clean set and we proceed to clean the first envelope in hidden time. We can even consider moving towards the removal/reinstallation of all the parts in contact with the cloud of paint or with the overspray, which would be difficult, if not impossible, with the external charging electrodes of the prior art.

Les modes de réalisation et variantes envisagés ci-dessus peuvent être combinés entre eux pour générer d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention, dans le cadre du jeu de revendications ci-joint.The embodiments and variations contemplated above may be combined with each other to generate other embodiments of the invention, within the scope of the attached set of claims.

Claims (15)

  1. An electrostatic rotary sprayer (10) for coating product, this sprayer comprising:
    - a spraying cup (106);
    - a body (102);
    - a drive turbine (104) assembled in the body and configured to rotate the spraying cup about an axis of rotation (A100) defined by the body;
    - electrodes (140) for charging the coating product sprayed by the spraying cup, these electrodes being assembled on a ring (160) attached on the body;
    - a skirt (124) for discharging air around the cup; and
    wherein an annular slit (232), supplied by a pressurized air flow circuit (F3) with pressurized air, is defined radially between the ring (160) and the skirt (124), with its outlet (234) oriented toward the front of the sprayer (10) and the pressurized air flow circuit (F3) toward the annular slit (232) comprises at least one chamber (V102, 224, 226) defined between the body (102) and the skirt (124) or between the ring (160) and the skirt, and
    characterized in that the chamber (V102) forms a baffle around a rear rim (1245) of the skirt (124).
  2. The sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular slit (232) is axially offset, along the axis of rotation (A100), toward the rear, relative to air outlet orifices (1249) of the skirt (124).
  3. The sprayer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular slit (232) is positioned, along the axis of rotation (A100), in the vicinity of tips (146) of the electrodes (140).
  4. The sprayer according to claim 4, characterized in that the chamber (V102) is delimited, in particular in the forward direction, by a seal (222) compressed between the skirt and the body (102).
  5. The sprayer according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow circuit comprises channels (228) arranged in the body (102) and/or in the skirt (124) and distributed around the axis of rotation (A100), as well as an annular gap (230) defined between the skirt and the ring (160), the radial thickness (e230) of the annular gap being strictly less than the smallest dimension (d228) of a cross-section of one of the channels.
  6. The sprayer according to claim 5, characterized in that the channels (228) emerge in an annular air distribution chamber (226), whereof the annular slit (232) constitutes the outlet around the skirt (124) whereas, preferably, the channels (228) are oriented toward a wall (227) of the annular air distribution chamber (226).
  7. The sprayer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness (e232) of the annular slit (232), measured radially to the axis of rotation (A100), is constant around this axis and has a value inclusively between 0.25 and 2 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, also preferably equal to 1 mm.
  8. The sprayer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner radial surface (S160) of the ring (160) is frustoconical at the annular slit (232), in that the outer radial surface (S124) of the skirt (124) is frustoconical at the annular slit (232) and in that a half cone angle (β160) of the inner radial surface of the ring at the annular slit (232) is equal to a half cone angle (α124) of the outer radial surface of the skirt at the annular slit (232).
  9. The sprayer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each electrode (140) is supplied with high voltage through a resistance (180) that extends axially outside the ring (160) and that is equipped, at its end opposite the electrode, with a first electrical connection plug (208) on a second plug (196) of corresponding geometry provided on the body (102) of the sprayer (10), with a movement parallel to the axis of rotation (A100) and in that the ring (160) is configured to be assembled and connected (F2) on the body, or disassembled and disconnected (F1) from the body, while being equipped with electrodes (140) and resistances (180).
  10. An electrostatic sprayer installation (2) for spraying coating product on objects (O) to be coated, characterized in that it comprises at least one sprayer (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
  11. A method for coating objects (O) electrostatically, characterized in that it is done using a sprayer (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and in that the slit (232) is supplied by the air-flow circuit (F3) with pressurized air.
  12. The method for coating objects (O) electrostatically according to claim 13, characterized in that the annular slit (232) is supplied with pressurized air with a flow rate inclusively between 100 and 500 l/mn, preferably between 200 and 400 l/mn, more preferably equal to 300 l/mn.
  13. The method according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the voltage at the electrodes (140) is controlled during coating and, in case of drift of this voltage relative to a nominal value, the supply rate of the annular slit (232) with pressurized air is increased, in particular doubled.
  14. The method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the supply air of the annular slit (232) is polarized.
  15. The method according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the supply air of the annular slit (232) is heated relative to the ambient air around the sprayer (10).
EP20211138.1A 2019-12-02 2020-12-02 Rotary electrostatic sprayer for coating product, spraying installation comprising such a sprayer and method for coating by means of such a sprayer Active EP3831499B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1913628A FR3103717B1 (en) 2019-12-02 2019-12-02 Rotating electrostatic sprayer for coating product, spraying installation comprising such a sprayer and coating method using such a sprayer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3831499A1 EP3831499A1 (en) 2021-06-09
EP3831499B1 true EP3831499B1 (en) 2023-11-15

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US (1) US20210162433A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3831499B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2021087946A (en)
KR (1) KR20210068999A (en)
CN (1) CN112974009A (en)
ES (1) ES2969388T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3103717B1 (en)

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WO2024025523A1 (en) * 2022-07-27 2024-02-01 Carlisle Fluid Technologies, LLC Electrostatic sprayer

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DE3720201C1 (en) * 1987-06-16 1988-09-08 Ransburg Gmbh Spray coating device with a ring-shaped electrode arrangement for electrically conductive coating liquids
JPH0641644Y2 (en) * 1989-01-13 1994-11-02 エービービー・ガデリウス株式会社 Electrostatic coating equipment
JPH06134353A (en) * 1992-10-23 1994-05-17 Ransburg Automot Kk Electrostatic coater
JPH07251099A (en) * 1994-03-11 1995-10-03 Mazda Motor Corp Method for electrostatic coating and apparatus therefor
US5697559A (en) * 1995-03-15 1997-12-16 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic rotary atomizing spray device
JPH10314624A (en) * 1997-05-14 1998-12-02 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd Electrostatic powder coating gun
US20030234299A1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-12-25 Toshio Hosoda Cartridge type coater
DE10202711A1 (en) 2002-01-24 2003-07-31 Duerr Systems Gmbh Sprayer unit for electrostatic serial coating of workpieces comprises an electrode array integrated into the ring section of insulating material on the outer housing of the unit
US7070130B1 (en) * 2002-11-06 2006-07-04 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Rotatable electrode ring and use thereof in electrostatically assisted high-speed rotary application of spray coating agents
SE528095C2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-09-05 Lind Finance & Dev Ab Thrust
JP2006181446A (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-13 Mazda Motor Corp Coating method
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JP4347372B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-10-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Electrostatic coating equipment
DE102009013979A1 (en) * 2009-03-19 2010-09-23 Dürr Systems GmbH Electrode arrangement for an electrostatic atomizer
JP6434676B2 (en) * 2016-02-19 2018-12-05 Abb株式会社 Rotary atomizing head type coating machine
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FR3103718B1 (en) * 2019-12-02 2021-12-17 Exel Ind Rotating electrostatic projector for coating product and projection installation comprising such a projector

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KR20210068999A (en) 2021-06-10
EP3831499A1 (en) 2021-06-09
CN112974009A (en) 2021-06-18
ES2969388T3 (en) 2024-05-17
JP2021087946A (en) 2021-06-10
FR3103717B1 (en) 2022-07-01
US20210162433A1 (en) 2021-06-03
FR3103717A1 (en) 2021-06-04

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