EP3829904A1 - Suspension device, in particular for a vehicle - Google Patents

Suspension device, in particular for a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP3829904A1
EP3829904A1 EP18796363.2A EP18796363A EP3829904A1 EP 3829904 A1 EP3829904 A1 EP 3829904A1 EP 18796363 A EP18796363 A EP 18796363A EP 3829904 A1 EP3829904 A1 EP 3829904A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damping device
axle
chassis
vehicle
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18796363.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christophe Gaussin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Milestone Factory SA
Original Assignee
Milestone Factory SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Milestone Factory SA filed Critical Milestone Factory SA
Publication of EP3829904A1 publication Critical patent/EP3829904A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/008—Attaching arms to unsprung part of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/04—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/34—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs
    • B60G11/38—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also rubber springs
    • B60G11/40—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also rubber springs the rubber springs being attached to the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/34—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs
    • B60G11/38—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also rubber springs
    • B60G11/42—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also rubber springs the rubber springs being attached to sprung part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/02—Attaching arms to sprung part of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
    • B60G2202/112—Leaf spring longitudinally arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/14—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber
    • B60G2202/143—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber subjected to compression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/121—Mounting of leaf springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/125—Mounting of rubber type springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/143—Mounting of suspension arms on the vehicle body or chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/148—Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B60G2204/4302—Fittings, brackets or knuckles for fixing suspension arm on the vehicle body or chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/121—Constructional features of arms the arm having an H or X-shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/15—Constructional features of arms the arm being resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/72—Steel
    • B60G2206/722—Plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/82—Joining
    • B60G2206/8207—Joining by screwing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
    • B60G2300/026—Heavy duty trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/04—Trailers
    • B60G2300/042—Semi-trailers

Definitions

  • Damping device in particular for a vehicle.
  • the field of the present invention relates to that of damping devices commonly called dampers.
  • damping devices are intended to equip vehicles, more particularly for transporting heavy loads, such as containers in port or airport areas.
  • These vehicles can in particular be trailers or carriers incorporating autonomous means of movement.
  • vehicles intended to carry heavy loads comprise a chassis, as well as axles having means for damping the rebounds of the vehicle in the event of irregularities in the ground.
  • damping means can also attenuate the roll or sway of a load placed on the chassis of the vehicle during the movement of said vehicle.
  • Such vehicles may comprise axles in known manner, each supporting one or more wheels.
  • the axles are connected to the chassis via arms, each axle being rigidly connected to one end of an arm, the other end of the same arm pivoting around a shaft passing through the end of the arm and a yoke. added welded to the chassis.
  • Each arm pivots around a separate articulation axis.
  • Elastic return means in compression such as springs and / or silentblocs® complement the axles, the articulated arms, the yokes of the chassis to form means of damping the vehicle.
  • silentbloc® is of course meant an elastic rubber block or equivalent which is inserted between the arm and a support on the chassis so that, in the case of a movement of very small amplitude, it can dampen this movement.
  • a drawback of such a solution lies in the fact that it requires a certain number of articulations, one per axle. These joints are particularly stressed and wear out quickly. These joints require regular lubrication and maintenance operations, which are cost sources. And in the event of failure to maintenance it results in increased wear with risk of breakage and therefore of accident. This is all the more true in the case of carrying and moving heavy and / or high loads, subject to easily pouring, and which consequently require these damping means.
  • leaf spring suspensions are bulky. Placed as close as possible to the axle, they interfere with a large turning radius of the wheels. And an offset of the blades springs upwards increases the height of the vehicle. In fact, there are still axles with parabolic leaf springs whose blades are below the axle cross member, which does not increase the height of the vehicle, but this type of axle is not recommended in because of its low ground clearance.
  • the present invention seeks to remedy the disadvantages of the state of the art cited above by going against the prejudices of those skilled in the art. More specifically, the invention imagines that the axle can be attached to the end of a support arm, the other end of which, rather than being articulated to the chassis, is secured in the manner of a fitting to the latter. .
  • this support arm not only contributes to the damping of the vehicle, but also responds to the constraints usually solved by an anti-roll bar, or even an anti-roll bar.
  • damping means can be integrated into the design of the vehicle chassis, making the whole particularly compact.
  • the invention relates to a damping device configured to connect a chassis to an axle of a vehicle, the damping device comprising elastic return means in compression between a support of the chassis and the axle.
  • the damping device further comprises at least one support arm, a first end of which is secured in the manner of an embedding to the chassis, the axle being in turn integrally attached to the second end of the support arm.
  • the elastic return means are interposed between the support arm and the support of the chassis.
  • the elastic return means comprise at least one rubber silentbloc®. This makes it possible to compensate for small variations in height in the case of an uneven distribution of a heavy load to be transported, in particular for variations in height less than 50% of the height without compression of the silentblocs®.
  • the elastic return means comprise shock absorbers complementary to (x) silentblocs®.
  • the additional shock absorbers make it possible to maintain a significant characteristic damping rate during rapid deflections, these complementary shock absorbers absorbing the energy generated by a displacement of more than 25% of the height at rest of the silentblocs, for a short period, on the order of less than 20ms.
  • each support arm has a hook in its longitudinal direction configured to release a space allowing maximum turning of a wheel attached to the corresponding axle.
  • the damping device comprises two support arms secured to the same chassis and resting on the same axle.
  • the two support arms are configured so that at rest these support arms are parallel to each other.
  • the two support arms attached on the one hand to the same chassis and on the other hand to the same axle have an X configuration, that is to say a junction connects the two support arms, said junction taking place between the first and second ends of the support arms.
  • the support arm (s) is or are attached to a part to a chassis, and secondly to at least two successive axles, in particular in the case of a double-axle configuration.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a chassis, at least one axle, comprising at least one damping device having one or more characteristics of a damping device as stated above, taken alone or in combination.
  • - Fig.l is a schematic perspective view of a damping device comprising support arms connected to a vehicle chassis on the one hand and on the other hand each connected to an axle, one of these axles being equipped with a wheel.
  • - Fig.2 is a schematic bottom view of the damping device of Figure 1, each axle being equipped with a wheel, the wheels being oriented in a maximum turning position.
  • FIG.3 is a schematic detail view of the device of Figure 1 from another perspective view perspective from below the device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a part of the device of Figure 1 comprising a first alternative embodiment of the invention in the form of an additional shock absorber.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic detail view seen from below of an alternative embodiment of the invention illustrating an alternative form of the support arms of the invention.
  • - Fig.6 is a schematic detail view in perspective of a damping device incorporating the alternative form of the support arms of Figure 5.
  • the invention relates to a damping device 1 in particular for a vehicle V.
  • This damping device 1 equips a vehicle V which also comprises a chassis 2 and at least one axle 3.
  • the damping device 1 connects the chassis 2 to one or more axles 3.
  • Each axle 3 supports one or more wheels 30 by means of mounting means 303.
  • Vehicle V can more particularly be a vehicle for transporting heavy loads, such as containers in port or airport areas.
  • This vehicle V can be motorized or not, and it can in particular be a trailer. It can also be a transporter integrating autonomous means of movement.
  • the vehicle V is not shown in its entirety. The figures show only part of the chassis
  • the invention as presented in the following description is considered to be positioned in a road use configuration.
  • the vehicle V is supported on the ground by means of its wheels 30.
  • the wheel (s) 30 is / are then located under the vehicle V and laterally with respect to the axle 3 to which it (s) is / are attached (s).
  • the axle 3 is placed under the chassis 2 of the vehicle V.
  • the chassis 2 has a structural projection 20 originating therefrom and directed downwards. This structural advance 20 cooperates with the damping device 1 by first connecting and positioning means 201.
  • the chassis 2 also comprises one or more plates which form supports 21 against the damping device 1. This / these plates have little (Fri) t also cooperate with the damping device 1 by second connecting and positioning means 211.
  • the axle 3 is connected to the damping device 1 by third connection and positioning means 31.
  • These first, second and third connection and positioning means 201, 211, 31 can be assembly means reversible as for example by bolting, or irreversible assembly means as for example by welding.
  • the damping device 1 comprises elastic return means 4. It also comprises at least one support arm 5.
  • This support arm 5 has a longitudinal direction. It comprises, in this longitudinal direction, a first end 50 which is secured in the manner of an embedding to the frame 2, and more specifically with the projection 20 of the frame 2 by the first connecting and positioning means 201.
  • the arm support 5 is attached by its second end 51 in this longitudinal direction to the axle 3 by third connection and positioning means 31. In the embodiment illustrated here, there are two support arms 5 which are arranged parallel between them.
  • the elastic return means 4 are, in the embodiment illustrated here, formed by at least one cylinder full of elastomer.
  • this solid elastomer cylinder is a rubber silentbloc®, but it can also be a cylinder having a toric base or a disk-shaped base, or any other form.
  • This solid cylinder can also be made of another elastic material, in particular of the EPDM type.
  • the high plate 40 is fixedly fixedly attached to the support plate 21 of the chassis 2 by the second connecting and positioning means 211.
  • the plate bottom 41 is in turn attached to the second end 51 of the support arm 5 by connection and positioning means which may be identical to the second connection and positioning means 211.
  • the elastomeric silentblocs® are hollow, with a central hole oriented in the direction of the generator of said silentbloc. This increases the maximum compression ratio compared to the height at rest of said silentbloc®. This also enables the progressive stiffness to be adjusted by the dimensions of the peripheral walls of the Silentbloc®.
  • the elastic return means 4 are configured to operate in compression between a support of the chassis 2 and the axle 3.
  • the weight of the vehicle V and more specifically of the chassis 2, as well as possibly the load which it supports, is transmitted to the wheels via in particular the elastic return means 4.
  • the solid cylinders of elastomer of the silentbloc® type forming the elastic return means 4 are interposed and compressed between the support plate 21 of the chassis 2 and the second end 51 of the support arm 5.
  • the solid rubber-type elastomer cylinders used here have the advantage of being suspension elements, the stiffness of which increases as the cylinder is compressed. Thus, the more the cylinder is compressed, the more it is necessary to apply a significant additional compression force to compress it further.
  • the structural damping of such solid elastomer cylinders of the silentbloc® type is of the order of a maximum compression of between 5 to 25% of the height of said cylinders, or even between 15 to 25% of the height of said cylinders. Beyond that, the solid cylinders made of silentbloc® type elastomer no longer play their role as shock absorbers. In fact, the structural damping of such forms of elastomeric element gradually decreases.
  • the support arm (s) 5 also aid in the damping function of the damping device 1.
  • Each support arm 5 can be an arm having an elastic return effect in the initial position. This can be obtained by its shape of spring blade, as can be seen in Figure 3, but also by its realization in one piece without welding, and / or by the fact that it is made of a steel high elastic limit (commonly called in the steel HLE field) or even made of a steel with very high elastic limit (commonly called in the steel field THLE). This steel can in particular have a torsional elastic limit value greater than 800 megapascals.
  • the first connection and positioning means 201 comprise a bolted connection.
  • the first connection and positioning means 201 also include lugs 22 from the projection 20 which cooperate with openings 52 facing each other, drilled in the first end 50 of the support arm 5. The cooperation of the lugs 22 in the holes corresponding allows precise positioning of the support arms 5 relative to the chassis 2 before joining them. It is then possible to bolt or weld the support arms 5 to the projection 20 of the chassis 2 so as to limit the bolting stresses and stresses which could lead to fatigue failure due to the stresses of the connection during use. of vehicle V.
  • each support arm 5 has a hook 53 in its longitudinal direction configured to release a space E allowing maximum deflection of a wheel 30 attached to the corresponding axle 3.
  • FIG 2 where we see a wheel 30 having a deflection substantially at 45 degrees occupying a space E released by the hook 53 of the support arm 5 opposite. This saves space, since it is not necessary to raise the damping device 1 so that it does not interfere with the wheels 30 as it is common to do on vehicles using damping devices with blades. And it is also possible to use a larger wheel diameter than that used for these same vehicles using leaf damping devices.
  • the embodiment of the invention illustrated here has two support arms 5 secured to the same projection 20 of the same chassis 2 and resting on the same axle 3. This is particularly illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. Of course, it can be provided, according to an alternative embodiment not shown here, a single central support arm 5. This configuration illustrated here allows the support arms 5 to play in opposite torsion from one another, which increases the return to position initial structure of the vehicle V in the event of torsion, while requiring only a reduced quantity of steel, therefore inexpensively.
  • the reverse torsional effect of the two support arms 5 is improved by the fact that the two support arms 5 are configured so that at rest these support arms 5 are parallel to each other.
  • the two support arms 5 attached on the one hand to the same projection 20 of the chassis 2 and on the other hand to the same axle 3 have a configuration in X.
  • configuration in X we designate the fact that a junction 55 connects the two support arms 5, said junction 55 being made between the first 50 and second ends 51.
  • the junction 55 is located near the hooks 53 of each support arm 5 and comes from each support arm 5, the corresponding fittings having rounded without sharp angles 56, as can be seen in FIG. 5. This makes it possible to reduce the stress concentrations at these rounded connections without sharp corners 56, and make the support arms 5 and the junction 55 less sensitive to breakage by fatigue.
  • Such a damping device 1 can be attached to a chassis 2 of a vehicle V on the one hand and to an axle 3 of the same vehicle V on the other hand. It is understood that the same damping device 1 can also be attached to a chassis 2 of a vehicle V, but also attached to at least two axles 3 of the same vehicle V. This is in particular possible in the case of 'A vehicle V having a configuration known as double-axles.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle V comprising a chassis 2, at least one axle 3 supporting wheels 30, said vehicle V comprising a damping device 1 having all or part of the characteristics of the damping device 1 described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

Suspension device (1), configured to connect a chassis (2) to an axle (3) of a vehicle (V), the suspension device (1) comprising elastic return means (4) that are in compression between a bearing point (21) of the chassis (2) and the axle (3), characterized by the fact that the suspension device (1) further comprises at least one support arm (5) of which a first end (50) is secured to the chassis (2) in an embedded manner, the axle (3) being, for its part, securely attached to the second end (51) of the support arm (5). Vehicle (V) comprising at least one such suspension device (1).

Description

Dispositif d'amortissement notamment pour véhicule.  Damping device, in particular for a vehicle.
Le domaine de la présente invention concerne celui des dispositifs d'amortissement appelés communément amortisseurs. Ces dispositifs d'amortissement sont destinés à équiper des véhicules, plus particulièrement de transport de charges lourdes, tels que des conteneurs sur zones portuaires ou aéroportuaires . Ces véhicules peuvent être notamment des remorques ou des transporteurs intégrant des moyens de déplacement autonomes . The field of the present invention relates to that of damping devices commonly called dampers. These damping devices are intended to equip vehicles, more particularly for transporting heavy loads, such as containers in port or airport areas. These vehicles can in particular be trailers or carriers incorporating autonomous means of movement.
De manière connue, les véhicules destinés à porter des charges lourdes comportent un châssis, ainsi que des essieux présentant des moyens d' amortissement des rebonds du véhicule en cas d' irrégularités du sol . Ces moyens d' amortissement peuvent atténuer également un roulis ou un balancement d'une charge disposée sur le châssis du véhicule pendant le déplacement dudit véhicule .  In known manner, vehicles intended to carry heavy loads comprise a chassis, as well as axles having means for damping the rebounds of the vehicle in the event of irregularities in the ground. These damping means can also attenuate the roll or sway of a load placed on the chassis of the vehicle during the movement of said vehicle.
De tels véhicules peuvent comporter de manière connue des essieux supportant chacun une ou plusieurs roues . Les essieux sont connectés au châssis par l'intermédiaire de bras, chaque essieu étant relié de manière rigide à une extrémité d'un bras, l'autre extrémité du même bras pivotant autour d' un arbre traversant l'extrémité du bras et une chape rapportée soudée sur le châssis. Chaque bras pivote autour d'un axe d'articulation distinct. Des moyens de rappel élastique en compression tels que des ressorts et/ou silentblocs® viennent compléter les essieux, les bras articulés, les chapes des châssis pour former des moyens d'amortissement du véhicule.  Such vehicles may comprise axles in known manner, each supporting one or more wheels. The axles are connected to the chassis via arms, each axle being rigidly connected to one end of an arm, the other end of the same arm pivoting around a shaft passing through the end of the arm and a yoke. added welded to the chassis. Each arm pivots around a separate articulation axis. Elastic return means in compression such as springs and / or silentblocs® complement the axles, the articulated arms, the yokes of the chassis to form means of damping the vehicle.
Par silentbloc® on désigne bien sûr un bloc élastique en caoutchouc ou équivalent qui s'intercale entre le bras et un appui sur le châssis pour que, dans le cas d'un mouvement de très faible amplitude, il puisse amortir ce mouvement. Un inconvénient d'une telle solution réside dans le fait qu'elle requiert un certain nombre d'articulations, une par essieux. Or ces articulations sont particulièrement sollicitées et s'usent rapidement. Ces articulations nécessitent des opérations de graissage et de maintenance régulières, sources de coûts. Et en cas de défaut de maintenance il s'ensuit une usure accentuée avec risque de rupture et donc d'accident. Cela est d'autant plus vrai dans le cas du portage et du déplacement de charges lourdes et/ou hautes, sujettes à verser facilement, et qui sollicitent de manière conséquente ces moyens d' amortissement . By silentbloc® is of course meant an elastic rubber block or equivalent which is inserted between the arm and a support on the chassis so that, in the case of a movement of very small amplitude, it can dampen this movement. A drawback of such a solution lies in the fact that it requires a certain number of articulations, one per axle. These joints are particularly stressed and wear out quickly. These joints require regular lubrication and maintenance operations, which are cost sources. And in the event of failure to maintenance it results in increased wear with risk of breakage and therefore of accident. This is all the more true in the case of carrying and moving heavy and / or high loads, subject to easily pouring, and which consequently require these damping means.
Un autre inconvénient vient du fait qu'il est nécessaire de configurer l'ensemble pour qu'à vide les axes d'articulation des bras d'un même essieu soient dans un même alignement parallèle au plan du châssis. Pour atteindre ce résultat, il est nécessaire de procéder à une opération d' alésage des chapes une fois soudées sur le châssis, usinage évidemment contraignant.  Another drawback comes from the fact that it is necessary to configure the assembly so that when empty, the articulation axes of the arms of the same axle are in the same alignment parallel to the plane of the chassis. To achieve this result, it is necessary to carry out a reaming operation of the yokes once welded to the chassis, machining obviously binding.
En tant qu'état de la technique, il est également connu la solution d'une suspension à lames ressort. Il s'agit de plusieurs lames métalliques superposées portant, en leur milieu, un essieu et dont les extrémités sont rendues solidaires, avec une certaine mobilité, au châssis du véhicule, tel que part l'usage d' articulations .  As a state of the art, the solution of a leaf spring suspension is also known. These are several superimposed metal blades carrying, in their middle, an axle and the ends of which are made integral, with a certain mobility, with the chassis of the vehicle, such as the use of joints.
Là encore, se pose la problématique du graissage, d'une part, des lames qui, en assurant leur fonction d'amortisseur, glissent les unes sur les autres et, d'autre part, des articulations aux extrémités de solidarisation de ces lames au châssis nécessairement soumises à usure dans le temps.  Here again, there is the problem of lubrication, on the one hand, of the blades which, while ensuring their damping function, slide one over the other and, on the other hand, of the articulations at the ends of attachment of these blades to the chassis necessarily subject to wear over time.
De plus, des suspensions à lames ressort sont encombrantes. Placées au plus près de l'essieu, elles interfèrent avec un rayon de braquage des roues important . Et un décalage des lames ressort vers le haut augmente la hauteur du véhicule. En fait, fait il existe quand même des essieux à lames ressort paraboliques dont les lames sont en dessous de la traverse d'essieu, ce qui n'augmente pas la hauteur du véhicule, mais ce type d'essieu n'est pas recommandé en raison de sa faible garde au sol.  In addition, leaf spring suspensions are bulky. Placed as close as possible to the axle, they interfere with a large turning radius of the wheels. And an offset of the blades springs upwards increases the height of the vehicle. In fact, there are still axles with parabolic leaf springs whose blades are below the axle cross member, which does not increase the height of the vehicle, but this type of axle is not recommended in because of its low ground clearance.
En outre, quelles que soient ces solutions de cet état de la technique, elles imposent l'usage, en combinaison, de barres anti-roulis, voire de barres anti-dévers limitant les déplacements latéraux d'un essieu.  In addition, whatever these solutions of this state of the art, they require the use, in combination, of anti-roll bars, or even anti-roll bars limiting the lateral displacements of an axle.
Dans la logique d'un processus inventif d'amélioration du système existant, la présente invention se veut de remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique cités précédemment en allant à l'encontre des préjugés de l'homme du métier. Plus précisément, l'invention imagine que l'essieu peut être rapporté sur l'extrémité d'un bras support dont l'autre extrémité, plutôt que d'être articulée au châssis, est solidarisée à la manière d'un encastrement à ce dernier. Ainsi, au travers de sa flexibilité, ce bras support, non seulement contribue à l'amortissement du véhicule, mais, en outre, répond aux contraintes habituellement solutionnées par une barre anti-dévers, voire une barre antiroulis . In the logic of an inventive process for improving the existing system, the present invention seeks to remedy the disadvantages of the state of the art cited above by going against the prejudices of those skilled in the art. More specifically, the invention imagines that the axle can be attached to the end of a support arm, the other end of which, rather than being articulated to the chassis, is secured in the manner of a fitting to the latter. . Thus, through its flexibility, this support arm not only contributes to the damping of the vehicle, but also responds to the constraints usually solved by an anti-roll bar, or even an anti-roll bar.
On simplifie ainsi la fabrication du véhicule tout en le rendant plus robuste, et on réduit les coûts de son entretien. De plus, ces moyens d'amortissement peuvent être intégrés dans la conception du châssis du véhicule, rendant l'ensemble particulièrement compact .  This simplifies the manufacture of the vehicle while making it more robust, and reduces the costs of its maintenance. In addition, these damping means can be integrated into the design of the vehicle chassis, making the whole particularly compact.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'amortissement configuré pour relier un châssis à un essieu d'un véhicule, le dispositif d'amortissement comportant des moyens de rappel élastique en compression entre un appui du châssis et l'essieu. Avantageusement, le dispositif d'amortissement comporte en outre au moins un bras support dont une première extrémité est solidarisée à la manière d'un encastrement au châssis, l'essieu étant quant à lui rattaché solidairement à la seconde extrémité du bras support .  To this end, the invention relates to a damping device configured to connect a chassis to an axle of a vehicle, the damping device comprising elastic return means in compression between a support of the chassis and the axle. Advantageously, the damping device further comprises at least one support arm, a first end of which is secured in the manner of an embedding to the chassis, the axle being in turn integrally attached to the second end of the support arm.
Cela permet de mettre à profit l'élasticité du bras support pour remplir une fonction de ressort amortisseur, en conjonction avec les moyens de rappel élastique.  This makes it possible to take advantage of the elasticity of the support arm to fulfill a damping spring function, in conjunction with the elastic return means.
Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de l'invention, les moyens de rappel élastique sont intercalés entre le bras support et l'appui du châssis.  According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the elastic return means are interposed between the support arm and the support of the chassis.
Cela permet de compléter la fonction de ressort amortisseur du bras support .  This completes the damping spring function of the support arm.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens de rappel élastique comportent au moins un silentbloc® en caoutchouc. Cela permet de compenser des variations faibles de hauteur dans le cas d'une distribution inégale d'une charge lourde à transporter, notamment pour des variations de hauteur inférieures à 50% de la hauteur sans compression des silentblocs® . According to another characteristic of the invention, the elastic return means comprise at least one rubber silentbloc®. This makes it possible to compensate for small variations in height in the case of an uneven distribution of a heavy load to be transported, in particular for variations in height less than 50% of the height without compression of the silentblocs®.
Enfin, selon une alternative de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de rappel élastique comportent des amortisseurs complémentaires au(x) silentblocs®.  Finally, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the elastic return means comprise shock absorbers complementary to (x) silentblocs®.
Cela permet d'augmenter le taux d'amortissement du dispositif, notamment pour des variations de hauteur supérieures à 25% de la hauteur sans compression des silentblocs®. Plus précisément, les amortisseurs complémentaires permettent de maintenir un taux d'amortissement caractéristique important lors de déflexions rapides, ces amortisseurs complémentaires absorbant l'énergie générée par un déplacement de plus de 25% de la hauteur au repos des silentblocs, durant une courte période, de l'ordre de moins de 20ms.  This increases the damping rate of the device, in particular for height variations greater than 25% of the height without compression of the silentblocs®. More specifically, the additional shock absorbers make it possible to maintain a significant characteristic damping rate during rapid deflections, these complementary shock absorbers absorbing the energy generated by a displacement of more than 25% of the height at rest of the silentblocs, for a short period, on the order of less than 20ms.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque bras support comporte un décroché dans son sens longitudinal configuré pour dégager un espace permettant un braquage maximal d'une roue rattachée à l'essieu correspondant.  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, each support arm has a hook in its longitudinal direction configured to release a space allowing maximum turning of a wheel attached to the corresponding axle.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif d'amortissement comporte deux bras support solidarisés au même châssis et s'appuyant sur un même essieu.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the damping device comprises two support arms secured to the same chassis and resting on the same axle.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les deux bras support sont configurés pour qu'au repos ces bras support soient parallèles entre eux.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the two support arms are configured so that at rest these support arms are parallel to each other.
Selon une autre alternative de réalisation de l'invention, les deux bras support rattachés d'une part à un même châssis et d'autre part à un même essieu présentent une configuration en X, c'est-à-dire qu'une jonction relie les deux bras support, ladite jonction se faisant entre les premières et secondes extrémités des bras support .  According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, the two support arms attached on the one hand to the same chassis and on the other hand to the same axle have an X configuration, that is to say a junction connects the two support arms, said junction taking place between the first and second ends of the support arms.
Cela permet d'améliorer, encore, les propriétés anti-dévers de l'invention.  This makes it possible to further improve the anti-roll properties of the invention.
Selon encore une autre alternative de réalisation de l'invention, le ou les bras support est ou sont rattachés d'une part à un châssis, et d'autre part à au moins deux essieux successifs, notamment dans le cas d'une configuration en double- essieux. According to yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, the support arm (s) is or are attached to a part to a chassis, and secondly to at least two successive axles, in particular in the case of a double-axle configuration.
L'invention concerne également un véhicule comportant un châssis, au moins un essieu, comportant au moins un dispositif d'amortissement présentant une ou des caractéristiques d'un dispositif d'amortissement telles qu'énoncées précédemment, prises seules ou en combinaison.  The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a chassis, at least one axle, comprising at least one damping device having one or more characteristics of a damping device as stated above, taken alone or in combination.
D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre se rapportant à des modes de réalisation qui ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemples indicatifs et non limitatifs.  Other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear during the description which follows, relating to embodiments which are given only by way of indicative and nonlimiting examples.
La compréhension de cette description sera facilitée en se référant aux dessins joints en annexe et dans lesquels :  The understanding of this description will be facilitated by referring to the attached drawings in which:
- Fig.l : est une vue schématique en perspective d'un dispositif d'amortissement comportant des bras support reliés à un châssis de véhicule d'une part et d'autre part reliés chacun à un essieu, l'un de ces essieux étant équipé d'une roue.  - Fig.l: is a schematic perspective view of a damping device comprising support arms connected to a vehicle chassis on the one hand and on the other hand each connected to an axle, one of these axles being equipped with a wheel.
- Fig.2 : est une vue schématique de dessous du dispositif d'amortissement de la figure 1, chaque essieu étant équipé d'une roue, les roues étant orientées dans une position de braquage maximale .  - Fig.2: is a schematic bottom view of the damping device of Figure 1, each axle being equipped with a wheel, the wheels being oriented in a maximum turning position.
- Fig.3 : est une vue schématique de détail du dispositif de la figure 1 selon un autre angle de vue en perspective par le dessous du dispositif.  - Fig.3: is a schematic detail view of the device of Figure 1 from another perspective view perspective from below the device.
- Fig.4 : est une vue schématique de côté d'une partie du dispositif de la figure 1 comportant une première variante de réalisation de l'invention sous la forme d'un amortisseur complémentaire .  - Fig.4: is a schematic side view of a part of the device of Figure 1 comprising a first alternative embodiment of the invention in the form of an additional shock absorber.
- Fig.5 : est une vue schématique de détail vu de dessous d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention illustrant une forme alternative des bras support de l'invention.  - Fig.5: is a schematic detail view seen from below of an alternative embodiment of the invention illustrating an alternative form of the support arms of the invention.
- Fig.6 : est une vue schématique de détail en perspective d'un dispositif d'amortissement intégrant la forme alternative des bras support de la figure 5. L'invention concerne un dispositif d'amortissement 1 notamment pour un véhicule V. Ce dispositif d'amortissement 1 équipe un véhicule V qui comporte également un châssis 2 et au moins un essieu 3. Le dispositif d'amortissement 1 relie le châssis 2 à un ou plusieurs essieux 3. Chaque essieu 3 supporte une ou plusieurs roues 30 par le biais de moyens de montage 303. - Fig.6: is a schematic detail view in perspective of a damping device incorporating the alternative form of the support arms of Figure 5. The invention relates to a damping device 1 in particular for a vehicle V. This damping device 1 equips a vehicle V which also comprises a chassis 2 and at least one axle 3. The damping device 1 connects the chassis 2 to one or more axles 3. Each axle 3 supports one or more wheels 30 by means of mounting means 303.
Le véhicule V peut être plus particulièrement un véhicule de transport de charges lourdes, tel que des conteneurs sur zones portuaires ou aéroportuaires . Ce véhicule V peut être motorisé ou non, et il peut être notamment une remorque. Il peut être également un transporteur intégrant des moyens de déplacement autonomes . Dans les figures illustrant l'exemple de réalisation de l'invention décrite ici, le véhicule V n'est pas représenté dans la totalité. Les figures ne présentent qu'une partie du châssis Vehicle V can more particularly be a vehicle for transporting heavy loads, such as containers in port or airport areas. This vehicle V can be motorized or not, and it can in particular be a trailer. It can also be a transporter integrating autonomous means of movement. In the figures illustrating the embodiment of the invention described here, the vehicle V is not shown in its entirety. The figures show only part of the chassis
2, un dispositif d'amortissement 1 selon l'invention, un essieu2, a damping device 1 according to the invention, an axle
3, et une ou deux roues 30 supportées par cet essieu 3. 3, and one or two wheels 30 supported by this axle 3.
L'invention telle que présentée dans la description qui va suivre est considérée comme étant positionnée dans une configuration d'utilisation sur route. A cet effet, le véhicule V est en appui sur le sol par le biais de ses roues 30. La/les roue (s) 30 est/sont alors située (s) sous le véhicule V et latéralement par rapport à l'essieu 3 auquel elle (s) est/sont rattachée (s) . L'essieu 3 est placé sous le châssis 2 du véhicule V.  The invention as presented in the following description is considered to be positioned in a road use configuration. To this end, the vehicle V is supported on the ground by means of its wheels 30. The wheel (s) 30 is / are then located under the vehicle V and laterally with respect to the axle 3 to which it (s) is / are attached (s). The axle 3 is placed under the chassis 2 of the vehicle V.
Le châssis 2 comporte une avancée structurelle 20 issue de celui-ci et dirigée vers le bas. Cette avancée structurelle 20 coopère avec le dispositif d'amortissement 1 par des premiers moyens de liaison et de positionnement 201. Le châssis 2 comporte également une ou des plaques qui forment des appuis 21 contre le dispositif d'amortissement 1. Cette/ces plaques peu(ven)t également coopérer avec le dispositif d'amortissement 1 par des seconds moyens de liaison et de positionnement 211.  The chassis 2 has a structural projection 20 originating therefrom and directed downwards. This structural advance 20 cooperates with the damping device 1 by first connecting and positioning means 201. The chassis 2 also comprises one or more plates which form supports 21 against the damping device 1. This / these plates have little (Fri) t also cooperate with the damping device 1 by second connecting and positioning means 211.
L'essieu 3 est connecté au dispositif d'amortissement 1 par des troisièmes moyens de liaison et de positionnement 31. Ces premiers, seconds et troisièmes moyens de liaison et de positionnement 201, 211, 31 peuvent être des moyens d'assemblage réversibles comme par exemple par boulonnage, ou des moyens d'assemblage irréversibles comme par exemple par soudage. The axle 3 is connected to the damping device 1 by third connection and positioning means 31. These first, second and third connection and positioning means 201, 211, 31 can be assembly means reversible as for example by bolting, or irreversible assembly means as for example by welding.
Le dispositif d' amortissement 1 comporte des moyens de rappel élastique 4. Il comporte également au moins un bras support 5. Ce bras support 5 présente un sens longitudinal. Il comporte, dans ce sens longitudinal, une première extrémité 50 qui est solidarisée à la manière d'un encastrement au châssis 2, et plus spécifiquement avec l'avancée 20 du châssis 2 par les premiers moyens de liaison et de positionnement 201. Le bras support 5 est rattaché par sa seconde extrémité 51 selon ce sens longitudinal à l'essieu 3 par des troisièmes moyens de liaison et de positionnement 31. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré ici, il y a deux bras support 5 qui sont disposés parallèlement entre eux.  The damping device 1 comprises elastic return means 4. It also comprises at least one support arm 5. This support arm 5 has a longitudinal direction. It comprises, in this longitudinal direction, a first end 50 which is secured in the manner of an embedding to the frame 2, and more specifically with the projection 20 of the frame 2 by the first connecting and positioning means 201. The arm support 5 is attached by its second end 51 in this longitudinal direction to the axle 3 by third connection and positioning means 31. In the embodiment illustrated here, there are two support arms 5 which are arranged parallel between them.
Les moyens de rappel élastique 4 sont, dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré ici, formés par au moins un cylindre plein en élastomère. Préférentiellement mais facultativement, ce cylindre plein en élastomère est un silentbloc® en caoutchouc, mais il peut aussi être un cylindre présentant une base torique ou une base en forme de disque, ou toute autre forme. Ce cylindre plein peut aussi être fabriqué en un autre matériau élastique, notamment de type EPDM. Dans l'exemple décrit ici, il y a deux cylindres pleins en élastomère disposés chacun près d' un moyen de montage 303 des roues 30 reliant l'essieu 3 à la ou les roues 30. Ces cylindres pleins en élastomère sont sensiblement verticaux, et chacune de leur base est surmontée par un plateau haut 40 et un plateau bas 41. En fait, le plateau haut 40 est monté solidaire fixement avec la plaque formant appui 21 du châssis 2 par les seconds moyens de liaison et de positionnement 211. Le plateau bas 41 est quant à lui rattaché à la seconde extrémité 51 du bras support 5 par des moyens de liaison et de positionnement qui peuvent être identiques aux seconds moyens de liaison et de positionnement 211.  The elastic return means 4 are, in the embodiment illustrated here, formed by at least one cylinder full of elastomer. Preferably but optionally, this solid elastomer cylinder is a rubber silentbloc®, but it can also be a cylinder having a toric base or a disk-shaped base, or any other form. This solid cylinder can also be made of another elastic material, in particular of the EPDM type. In the example described here, there are two solid elastomer cylinders each disposed near a mounting means 303 for the wheels 30 connecting the axle 3 to the wheel or wheels 30. These solid elastomer cylinders are substantially vertical, and each of their bases is surmounted by a high plate 40 and a low plate 41. In fact, the high plate 40 is fixedly fixedly attached to the support plate 21 of the chassis 2 by the second connecting and positioning means 211. The plate bottom 41 is in turn attached to the second end 51 of the support arm 5 by connection and positioning means which may be identical to the second connection and positioning means 211.
Selon une alternative de réalisation de l'invention, les silentblocs® en élastomère sont creux, avec un trou central orienté dans le sens de la génératrice dudit silentbloc. Cela permet d' augmenter le ratio de compression maximale par rapport à la hauteur au repos dudit silentbloc®. Cela permet également de pouvoir ajuster par les dimensions des parois périphériques du Silentbloc® sa raideur progressive. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the elastomeric silentblocs® are hollow, with a central hole oriented in the direction of the generator of said silentbloc. This increases the maximum compression ratio compared to the height at rest of said silentbloc®. This also enables the progressive stiffness to be adjusted by the dimensions of the peripheral walls of the Silentbloc®.
Les moyens de rappel élastique 4 sont configurés pour fonctionner en compression entre un appui du châssis 2 et l'essieu 3. Le poids du véhicule V et plus spécifiquement du châssis 2, ainsi qu' éventuellement la charge qu'il supporte, est transmis aux roues via notamment les moyens de rappel élastique 4. Plus précisément, les cylindres pleins en élastomère de type silentbloc® formant les moyens de rappel élastique 4 sont intercalés et comprimés entre la plaque formant appui 21 du châssis 2 et la seconde extrémité 51 du bras support 5.  The elastic return means 4 are configured to operate in compression between a support of the chassis 2 and the axle 3. The weight of the vehicle V and more specifically of the chassis 2, as well as possibly the load which it supports, is transmitted to the wheels via in particular the elastic return means 4. More specifically, the solid cylinders of elastomer of the silentbloc® type forming the elastic return means 4 are interposed and compressed between the support plate 21 of the chassis 2 and the second end 51 of the support arm 5.
Les cylindres pleins en élastomère de type silentbloc® utilisés ici présentent l'avantage d'être des éléments de suspension, dont la raideur augmente au fur et à mesure de la compression du cylindre. Ainsi, plus le cylindre est comprimé, plus il est nécessaire d'appliquer une force de compression supplémentaire importante pour le comprimer davantage . L'amortissement structurel de tels cylindres pleins en élastomère de type silentbloc® est de l'ordre d'une compression maximale comprise entre 5 à 25% de la hauteur desdits cylindres, voire comprise entre 15 à 25% de la hauteur desdits cylindres. Au-delà, les cylindres pleins en élastomère de type silentbloc® ne jouent plus leur rôle d'amortisseurs. En fait, L'amortissement structurel de telles formes d'élément élastomère diminue progressivement. Leurs performances permettent de compenser des variations de hauteurs selon une fréquence comprise dans un intervalle entre 1,4 Hertz à 10 Hertz. Cette plage de fréquence rend ces éléments élastomères efficaces pour le filtrage des trépidations de faible amplitude en plus d' être configurés pour emmagasiner des chocs par un effet de butée progressive  The solid rubber-type elastomer cylinders used here have the advantage of being suspension elements, the stiffness of which increases as the cylinder is compressed. Thus, the more the cylinder is compressed, the more it is necessary to apply a significant additional compression force to compress it further. The structural damping of such solid elastomer cylinders of the silentbloc® type is of the order of a maximum compression of between 5 to 25% of the height of said cylinders, or even between 15 to 25% of the height of said cylinders. Beyond that, the solid cylinders made of silentbloc® type elastomer no longer play their role as shock absorbers. In fact, the structural damping of such forms of elastomeric element gradually decreases. Their performances make it possible to compensate for variations in heights according to a frequency comprised in an interval between 1.4 Hertz to 10 Hertz. This frequency range makes these elastomeric elements effective for the filtering of vibrations of low amplitude in addition to being configured to store shocks by a progressive stop effect.
Afin de compléter l'amortissement de ces cylindres pleins en élastomère de type silentbloc®, notamment au-delà de la compression maximale, correspondant notamment à une compression supérieure à 25% de la hauteur des éléments élastomères évoquée plus haut, il peut être prévu, comme illustré sur la figure 4, des amortisseurs complémentaires 6, notamment sous la forme d'un amortisseur à gaz, connectés par une liaison de type rotule d'une part à l'essieu 3 et d'autre part au châssis 2. In order to supplement the damping of these solid cylinders made of silentbloc® type elastomer, in particular beyond the maximum compression, corresponding in particular to a compression greater than 25% of the height of the elastomer elements mentioned above, as illustrated in figure 4, additional shock absorbers 6, in particular in the form of a gas shock absorber, connected by a ball joint type connection on the one hand to the axle 3 and on the other hand to the chassis 2.
Le ou les bras support 5 aident également à la fonction d'amortissement du dispositif d'amortissement 1. Chaque bras support 5 peut être un bras présentant un effet de rappel élastique en position initiale. Cela peut être obtenu par sa forme de lame ressort, tel que l'on peut le voir figure 3, mais aussi par sa réalisation d'un seul tenant sans soudure, et/ou par le fait qu'il soit réalisé en un acier à haute limite élastique (appelé communément dans le domaine acier HLE) voire réalisé en un acier à très haute limite élastique (appelé communément dans le domaine acier THLE) . Cet acier peut notamment présenter une valeur de limite élastique en torsion supérieure à 800 Mégapascals.  The support arm (s) 5 also aid in the damping function of the damping device 1. Each support arm 5 can be an arm having an elastic return effect in the initial position. This can be obtained by its shape of spring blade, as can be seen in Figure 3, but also by its realization in one piece without welding, and / or by the fact that it is made of a steel high elastic limit (commonly called in the steel HLE field) or even made of a steel with very high elastic limit (commonly called in the steel field THLE). This steel can in particular have a torsional elastic limit value greater than 800 megapascals.
Pour assurer que la première extrémité 50 du bras support 5 soit solidarisée à la manière d'un encastrement au châssis 2, et plus spécifiquement avec l'avancée 20 du châssis 2, les premiers moyens de liaison et de positionnement 201 comportent un assemblage boulonné . Mais les premiers moyens de liaison et de positionnement 201 comportent aussi des ergots 22 issus de l'avancée 20 qui coopèrent avec des lumières 52 débouchantes en regard, percées dans la première extrémité 50 du bras support 5. La coopération des ergots 22 dans les trous correspondants permet de positionner précisément les bras support 5 par rapport au châssis 2 avant de les solidariser. Il est alors possible de boulonner ou souder les bras support 5 à l'avancée 20 du châssis 2 de manière à limiter les tensions et contraintes de boulonnage qui pourraient mener à une rupture de fatigue du fait des sollicitations de la liaison lors de l'utilisation du véhicule V.  To ensure that the first end 50 of the support arm 5 is secured in the manner of an embedding to the chassis 2, and more specifically with the projection 20 of the chassis 2, the first connection and positioning means 201 comprise a bolted connection. But the first connection and positioning means 201 also include lugs 22 from the projection 20 which cooperate with openings 52 facing each other, drilled in the first end 50 of the support arm 5. The cooperation of the lugs 22 in the holes corresponding allows precise positioning of the support arms 5 relative to the chassis 2 before joining them. It is then possible to bolt or weld the support arms 5 to the projection 20 of the chassis 2 so as to limit the bolting stresses and stresses which could lead to fatigue failure due to the stresses of the connection during use. of vehicle V.
Afin que les bras support 5 ne limitent pas le rayon de braquage des roues 30 tout en s'assurant que les bras support 5 soient au plus près des roues 30, chaque bras support 5 comporte un décroché 53 dans son sens longitudinal configuré pour dégager un espace E permettant un braquage maximal d'une roue 30 rattachée à l'essieu 3 correspondant. Cela est particulièrement illustré sur la figure 2 où l'on voit une roue 30 présentant un braquage sensiblement à 45 degrés occupant un espace E dégagé par le décroché 53 du bras support 5 en regard. Cela permet un gain de place, car il n'est pas nécessaire de surélever le dispositif d'amortissement 1 pour qu'il n'interfère pas avec les roues 30 comme il est commun de faire sur les véhicules utilisant des dispositifs d'amortissement à lames. Et il est possible également d'utiliser un diamètre de roues supérieur à celui utilisé pour ces mêmes véhicules utilisant des dispositifs d'amortissement à lames . So that the support arms 5 do not limit the turning radius of the wheels 30 while ensuring that the support arms 5 are as close as possible to the wheels 30, each support arm 5 has a hook 53 in its longitudinal direction configured to release a space E allowing maximum deflection of a wheel 30 attached to the corresponding axle 3. This is particularly illustrated in Figure 2 where we see a wheel 30 having a deflection substantially at 45 degrees occupying a space E released by the hook 53 of the support arm 5 opposite. This saves space, since it is not necessary to raise the damping device 1 so that it does not interfere with the wheels 30 as it is common to do on vehicles using damping devices with blades. And it is also possible to use a larger wheel diameter than that used for these same vehicles using leaf damping devices.
Le mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré ici présente deux bras support 5 solidarisés à la même avancé 20 du même châssis 2 et s'appuyant sur un même essieu 3. Cela est particulièrement illustré sur les figures 1 à 3. Bien entendu, il peut être prévu, selon une alternative de réalisation non illustrée ici, un seul bras support central 5. Cette configuration illustrée ici permet de faire jouer les bras support 5 en torsion inverse l'un de l'autre, ce qui augmente le rappel en position initiale de la structure du véhicule V en cas de torsion, tout en ne nécessitant qu'une quantité d'acier réduite, donc à peu de frais.  The embodiment of the invention illustrated here has two support arms 5 secured to the same projection 20 of the same chassis 2 and resting on the same axle 3. This is particularly illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. Of course, it can be provided, according to an alternative embodiment not shown here, a single central support arm 5. This configuration illustrated here allows the support arms 5 to play in opposite torsion from one another, which increases the return to position initial structure of the vehicle V in the event of torsion, while requiring only a reduced quantity of steel, therefore inexpensively.
L'effet de torsion inverse des deux bras support 5 est amélioré par le fait que les deux bras support 5 sont configurés pour qu'au repos ces bras support 5 soient parallèles entre eux.  The reverse torsional effect of the two support arms 5 is improved by the fact that the two support arms 5 are configured so that at rest these support arms 5 are parallel to each other.
Selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention illustrée sur les figures 5 et 6, les deux bras support 5 rattachés d'une part à la même avancée 20 du châssis 2 et d'autre part au même essieu 3 présentent une configuration en X. Par le terme configuration en X, on désigne le fait qu'une jonction 55 relie les deux bras support 5, ladite jonction 55 se faisant entre les premières 50 et secondes extrémités 51. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré illustré aux figures 5 et 6, la jonction 55 est située à proximité des décrochés 53 de chaque bras support 5 et est issue de chaque bras support 5, les raccords correspondants présentant des arrondis sans angle vif 56, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5. Cela permet de réduire les concentrations de contraintes au niveau de ces raccords arrondis sans angle vif 56, et rendre les bras support 5 et la jonction 55 moins sensibles aux ruptures par fatigue. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the two support arms 5 attached on the one hand to the same projection 20 of the chassis 2 and on the other hand to the same axle 3 have a configuration in X. By the term configuration in X, we designate the fact that a junction 55 connects the two support arms 5, said junction 55 being made between the first 50 and second ends 51. According to a preferred embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the junction 55 is located near the hooks 53 of each support arm 5 and comes from each support arm 5, the corresponding fittings having rounded without sharp angles 56, as can be seen in FIG. 5. This makes it possible to reduce the stress concentrations at these rounded connections without sharp corners 56, and make the support arms 5 and the junction 55 less sensitive to breakage by fatigue.
Un tel dispositif d'amortissement 1 peut être rattaché à un châssis 2 d'un véhicule V d'une part et à un essieu 3 du même véhicule V d'autre part. Il est bien entendu qu'un même dispositif d'amortissement 1 peut également être rattaché à un châssis 2 d'un véhicule V, mais rattaché aussi à au moins deux essieux 3 du même véhicule V. C'est notamment envisageable dans le cas d'un véhicule V présentant une configuration dite en double-essieux.  Such a damping device 1 can be attached to a chassis 2 of a vehicle V on the one hand and to an axle 3 of the same vehicle V on the other hand. It is understood that the same damping device 1 can also be attached to a chassis 2 of a vehicle V, but also attached to at least two axles 3 of the same vehicle V. This is in particular possible in the case of 'A vehicle V having a configuration known as double-axles.
L'invention concerne également un véhicule V comportant un châssis 2, au moins un essieu 3 supportant des roues 30, ledit véhicule V comportant un dispositif d' amortissement 1 présentant tout ou partie des caractéristiques du dispositif d'amortissement 1 décrit précédemment .  The invention also relates to a vehicle V comprising a chassis 2, at least one axle 3 supporting wheels 30, said vehicle V comprising a damping device 1 having all or part of the characteristics of the damping device 1 described above.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Dispositif d'amortissement (1), configuré pour relier un châssis (2) à un essieu (3) d'un véhicule (V), le dispositif d'amortissement (1) comportant des moyens de rappel élastique (4) en compression entre un appui (21) du châssis (2) et l'essieu (3), caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif d'amortissement (1) comporte en outre au moins un bras support (5) dont une première extrémité (50) est solidarisée à la manière d'un encastrement au châssis (2), l'essieu (3) étant quant à lui rattaché solidairement à la seconde extrémité (51) du bras support (5) . 1. Damping device (1), configured to connect a chassis (2) to an axle (3) of a vehicle (V), the damping device (1) comprising elastic return means (4) in compression between a support (21) of the chassis (2) and the axle (3), characterized in that the damping device (1) further comprises at least one support arm (5) including a first end (50 ) is secured in the manner of a recess to the chassis (2), the axle (3) being in turn attached to the second end (51) of the support arm (5).
2. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de rappel élastique (4) sont intercalés entre le bras support (5) et l'appui (21) du châssis (2) .  2. Damping device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic return means (4) are interposed between the support arm (5) and the support (21) of the chassis (2).
3. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de rappel élastique (4) comportent au moins un silentbloc® en caoutchouc.  3. Damping device (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the elastic return means (4) comprise at least one rubber silentbloc®.
4. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de rappel élastique (4) comportent des amortisseurs complémentaires 6 au(x) silentbloc (s) ®  4. Damping device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic return means (4) comprise additional shock absorbers 6 to the silentbloc (s) ®
5. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que chaque bras support (5) comporte un décroché (53) dans son sens longitudinal configuré pour dégager un espace (E) permettant un braquage maximal d'une roue (30) rattachée à l'essieu (3) correspondant .  5. Damping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each support arm (5) has a hook (53) in its longitudinal direction configured to release a space (E) allowing maximum deflection a wheel (30) attached to the corresponding axle (3).
6. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif d'amortissement (1) comporte deux bras support (5) solidarisés au même châssis (2) et s'appuyant sur un même essieu (3) .  6. Damping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping device (1) comprises two support arms (5) secured to the same frame (2) and resting on a same axle (3).
7. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que les deux bras support (5) sont configurés pour qu'au repos ces bras support (5) soient parallèles entre eux. 7. Damping device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the two support arms (5) are configured so that at rest these support arms (5) are parallel to each other.
8. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les deux bras support (5) rattachés d'une part à un même châssis (2) et d'autre part à un même essieu (3) présentent une configuration en X, c'est-à-dire qu'une jonction (55) relie les deux bras support (5), ladite jonction (55) se faisant entre les premières et secondes extrémités (50, 51) des bras support (5) .  8. Damping device (1) according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the two support arms (5) attached on the one hand to the same frame (2) and on the other hand to the same axle (3) have an X configuration, i.e. a junction (55) connects the two support arms (5), said junction (55) being between the first and second ends (50, 51 ) support arms (5).
9. Dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le ou les bras support (5) est ou sont rattachés d'une part à un châssis (2), et d'autre part à au moins deux essieux (3) successifs, notamment dans le cas d'une configuration en double-essieux.  9. Damping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support arm (s) (5) is or are attached on the one hand to a frame (2), and on the other hand with at least two successive axles (3), in particular in the case of a double-axle configuration.
10. Véhicule (V) comportant un châssis (2), au moins un essieu (3), caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte au moins un dispositif d'amortissement (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes .  10. Vehicle (V) comprising a chassis (2), at least one axle (3), characterized in that it comprises at least one damping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP18796363.2A 2018-07-31 2018-10-10 Suspension device, in particular for a vehicle Pending EP3829904A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1870884A FR3084614B1 (en) 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 DAMPING DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR VEHICLES
PCT/EP2018/077646 WO2020025151A1 (en) 2018-07-31 2018-10-10 Suspension device, in particular for a vehicle

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EP3829904A1 true EP3829904A1 (en) 2021-06-09

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EP18796363.2A Pending EP3829904A1 (en) 2018-07-31 2018-10-10 Suspension device, in particular for a vehicle

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EP (1) EP3829904A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3084614B1 (en)
SG (1) SG11202100801SA (en)
WO (1) WO2020025151A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1390021A (en) * 1921-09-06 Cushioning device and support eou vehicle-frames
CA2603800C (en) * 2005-04-29 2011-06-07 Hendrickson International Corporation Heavy-duty vehicle axle/suspension system

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FR3084614A1 (en) 2020-02-07
FR3084614B1 (en) 2022-04-01
WO2020025151A1 (en) 2020-02-06
SG11202100801SA (en) 2021-02-25

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