EP3828485B1 - Passiver thermisch isolierter transportbehälter - Google Patents

Passiver thermisch isolierter transportbehälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3828485B1
EP3828485B1 EP20209856.2A EP20209856A EP3828485B1 EP 3828485 B1 EP3828485 B1 EP 3828485B1 EP 20209856 A EP20209856 A EP 20209856A EP 3828485 B1 EP3828485 B1 EP 3828485B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
vane
transport chamber
goods carriers
vanes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20209856.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3828485A1 (de
Inventor
Petrus Franciscus SMARIUS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goedhart En Borgesius Holding BV
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Goedhart En Borgesius Holding BV
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Publication of EP3828485A1 publication Critical patent/EP3828485A1/de
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Publication of EP3828485B1 publication Critical patent/EP3828485B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/02—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
    • F25D3/06—Movable containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a passive, thermally insulated container for transporting products at a temperature above or below ambient temperature.
  • 'passive' is understood as without provisions for supplying energy for causing a heat flow opposite to the heat flow from the environment into the transport chamber as a result from the difference in temperature between the environment of the container and the transport chamber.
  • Such containers are for instance used in the distribution of food such as bakery product such as pastry and cake, meat and meat products, dairy products and fruits from a production facility or distribution centre to retail outlets and commercial and institutional kitchens, i.e. over relatively short distances to a substantial number of addresses.
  • the containers are mostly for keeping the products cool (e.g. frozen or at or near 4 °C), but in some applications, such as the supply of food to events or the delivery of hot meals, the containers may also be arranged to keep the products warm.
  • Passive thermally insulated containers are particularly suitable for such applications, because of the simplicity and ruggedness and because it is not necessary to provide energy to the containers.
  • Such containers usually have thermally insulated side, top and bottom walls bounding a transport chamber for accommodating the products to be transported, goods carriers in the transport chamber shaped and dimensioned for leaving passages for circulation of air through the goods carriers and/or between the goods carriers and the vertical walls and at least one heat accumulator.
  • the goods carriers can for instance be crates, boxes, platforms, gratings or plates, which may optionally be provided with wheels or sliders.
  • the heat accumulators are cooled to a temperature below the desired temperature in the transport chamber if the products are to be maintained cooler than the ambient temperature or heated to a temperature above the desired temperature in the transport chamber if the products are to be maintained warmer than the ambient temperature.
  • the cooled heat accumulator in the transport chamber absorbs heat from the transport chamber, thereby counteracting heating up of the transport chamber as a result of heat flow from the environment into the transport chamber.
  • the heated heat accumulator in the transport chamber gives off heat to the transport chamber, thereby counteracting cooling of the transport chamber as a result of heat flow from the transport chamber to the environment.
  • US 1,939,957 A discloses a method and apparatus for pre-cooling refrigerator cars subsequent to the loading of perishable products.
  • this object is achieved by providing a container according to claim 1.
  • the invention differs from the above-described known containers in that: at least one vane is suspended in said transport chamber in a rotatable manner about at least one pivot axis, respectively, wherein said at least one pivot axis is situated at at least one fixed location, respectively, relative to said transport chamber, so that said at least one vane rotatably moves about said at least one pivot axis, respectively, in reaction to agitation of the container, which in turn causes agitation of the air in the transport chamber adjacent to the vane.
  • agitation of the container occurs in particular during transport in a vehicle, for instance if a lorry or van transporting the container drives over bumps and undulations of a road surface, accelerates and decelerates. Agitation of the container also occurs for instance if the container is rolled over bumps and undulations of a pavement or floor surface and if the container is lifted and lowered.
  • At least one vane is movably suspended in the transport chamber so as to rotatably move in reaction to agitation of the container
  • agitation to which the container is submitted during transport causes the vane or vanes to rotatably move, which in turn causes agitation of the air in the transport chamber adjacent to the vane or vanes.
  • air in the container is mixed, which counteracts the formation of relatively warm or cold spots in the container where product temperature exceeds the maximum temperature of a desired temperature range or is below the minimum temperature of the desired temperature range.
  • products in zones of the transport chamber where temperature tends to converge to the ambient temperature earlier than in other zones of transport chamber can be maintained within a desired temperature range for a longer period of time. Accordingly, the products can be transported in the container longer while ensuring that the temperatures of all products in the container are maintained within the desired temperature range.
  • the container 1 is a passive, thermally insulated container for transporting products at a temperature below ambient temperature.
  • the container 1 is passive, i.e. it is not provided with any equipment for driving a heat flow opposite to the heat flow through the thermal insulation. Accordingly, the container 1 is of a relatively low cost design and can be used without provisions for supplying energy during transport or recharging batteries or the like between transports.
  • the container 1 has thermally insulated vertical, top and bottom walls 2-7 bounding a transport chamber 8 for accommodating products to be transported.
  • the wall 2 is a top wall and the wall 7 is a bottom wall, which is mounted on a cart 10 equipped with caster wheels 11 and wheels 12 with rotation axes in fixed orientations relative to a platform 13 of the cart 10.
  • the cart is not shown in Figs. 3 and 4 .
  • the vertical walls 3-6 form a front door 3, side walls 4, 5 and a rear wall 6.
  • the front door 3 is pivotable between an open position (not shown) and a closed position about hinges 22, 23.
  • the door 3 can be locked in the closed position by means of bolts 24, 25 hooking behind bolt catchers 26, 27.
  • the bolts 24, 25 are coupled to a handle 28 for simultaneous operation of the bolts 24, 25.
  • the goods carriers are arranged in the transport chamber 8.
  • the goods carriers may also be provided in other forms, for instance in the form of boxes, platforms, gratings or plates, which may optionally be provided with wheels or sliders.
  • the crates 9 are shaped and dimensioned for leaving passages for circulation of air through the crates 9 and between the crates 9 and the vertical walls 3-6 bounding the transport chamber 8.
  • the crates 9 are provided with openings 14-18 in vertical walls 19, 20 and bottom wall 21 of the crates 9 as is shown for the topmost one of the crates 9 in figs. 3 and 4 .
  • the vertical walls 19 are located spaced (preferably at least 0.5 cm) from the vertical walls 3-6 bounding the transport chamber 8.
  • Flanges projecting from the vertical walls of the crates 9 to the vertical walls 19, 20 can maintain this spacing.
  • the flanges can be provided with openings or recesses for allowing air to pass through, in particular through the flanges that are oriented horizontally or with a substantial horizontal directional component (e.g. at angles of 30° or more to the vertical direction).
  • Other solutions for keeping the crates or other goods carriers spaced from the vertical walls bounding the transport chamber, such as projections from the vertical walls bounding the transport chamber, are also conceivable.
  • Thermal insulation is achieved by counteracting heat flows in the form of conduction, convection and radiation. This is achieved by providing the walls 2-7 with insulating material of sufficient thickness (conduction) and sufficient sealing of the transport chamber 8 from the environment (convection).
  • the walls 2-7 may also be provided with reflective surfaces such as aluminium foil (radiation).
  • the insulating material may for instance be plastic foam, which consists of small spaces surrounded by solid walls, fibrous material, or loose-fills (e.g. a mass of unstructured fibres composed of rock slag, glass or alumina-silica or powders, such as perlite, silica aerogel or adiatomaceous earth).
  • the thermal insulation is preferably sufficient to achieve a U value of less than 0.8 W/m 2 .K or, with increasing preference, less than 0.65 W/m 2 .K or 0.5 W/m 2 .K.
  • Heat accumulators 29, 30 are supported in the transport chamber 8 by support members 31, 32 and rest on flanges 33, 34 of the support members 31, 32.
  • the container 1 is shown without the heat accumulators 29, 30, which are removable for re-cooling in a freezer.
  • the heat accumulators 29, 30 are preferably plastic containers filled with a gel on water basis, so that the water can be frozen to ice, thereby accumulating a large amount of energy at the transition from water to ice.
  • the containers may also include additives such as salt or alcohol, to lower the temperature of the water/ice transition, for increasing the cooling effect of frozen heat accumulators 29, 30.
  • the heat accumulators may also be provided elsewhere in the container, for instance in a separate compartment in the container in convective heat exchange communication with the transport chamber. Also, as an alternative, a single heat accumulator or a larger number of heat accumulators may be provided.
  • Vanes 35, 36 are movably suspended in the transport chamber 8 so as to move in reaction to agitation of the container 1, such as agitation to which the container 1 is submitted during transport.
  • the vanes 35, 36 are suspended for oscillating movement in reaction to the agitation of the container 1, so that agitation is converted into movement of the vanes 35, 36, and thereby movement of air in the transport chamber 8, particularly effectively.
  • agitation of the container 1 as occurring during transport is converted particularly efficiently into movement of the vanes 35, 36, because the vanes 35, 36 are parts of swings 37, 38. Suspended as part of the swings 37, 38, the vanes 35, 36 move out of positions of equilibrium particularly easily, and keep swinging after an impulse for a relatively long time.
  • suspensions of the vanes allowing oscillating movement are also conceivable, such as suspension by one or more springs.
  • the vanes 35, 36 are arranged below the heat accumulators 29, 30. Furthermore, suspension arms 39, 40 of the swings extend vertically along portions of the heat accumulators 29, 30 and are suspended so as to be pivotable about pivot axes 77 (see Figs. 3 and 5 ) above a lowermost end of the heat accumulators 29, 30.
  • oscillation of the swings 37, 38 causes the vanes 35, 36 to move mainly horizontally along paths closely below the heat accumulators 29, 30, so that air cooled by the heat accumulators 35, 36 is effectively urged away from the heat accumulators towards the vertical walls 3-6 of the transport chamber 8, where the relatively cooled air can sink between the products in the crates 9 and the vertical walls 3-6 of the transport chamber 8.
  • Heat distribution is enhanced particularly effectively, because all the crates 9 are arranged below the heat accumulators 29, 30 and the vanes 35, 60 are arranged between, on one side, the heat accumulators 29, 30 and, on an opposite side, all the crates 9. Thus, cooled air urged away from the heat accumulators 29, 30 tends to sink along all the crates 9.
  • the vertical configuration of vanes, crates and heat accumulators is preferably inverted, i.e. the heat accumulators are then preferably arranged at a bottom end of the container, the vanes are then preferably arranged above the heat accumulators and the crates are then preferably all arranged above the vanes.
  • a shield 41 is provided between, on one side, the vanes 35, 36 and, on an opposite side, the crates 9.
  • the shield 41 is shaped and dimensioned for leaving passages 42-46 for circulation of air between the shield 41 and the vertical walls 3-6.
  • the passages 42 form openings in flanges 47 of the shield 41, which allow cool air to move off the shield 41 towards the side walls 4, 5.
  • the shield 41 is dimensioned so as to leave a gap 43 between the shield 41 and the door 3, a gap 44 between the shield 41 and the rear wall 45 and gaps 45, 46 between the shield 41 and the side walls 4, 5.
  • the shield 41 also shields products in upper crates 9 from excessive cooling by the heat accumulators 29, 30, while urging air to the gaps 43-46 along the vertical walls 3-6 promotes the descent of cool air towards the lower crates that are more remote from the heat accumulators 29, 30.
  • the vanes 35, 36 are arranged generally parallel to each other in a row in a horizontal direction transverse to main axes of extension of the vanes 35, 36.
  • the vanes 35, 36 occupy a relatively flat horizontal layer in the transport chamber 8 between the crates 9 and the heat accumulators 29, 30 and nevertheless are capable of effectively displacing air from near the heat accumulators 29, 30.
  • the vanes 35, 36 are elongated in a horizontal direction. Furthermore, the vanes have heights varying along the length of the vanes 35, 36. This further enhances displacement of air in the directions of the main axes of extension of the vanes 35, 36.
  • vanes 35, 36 have a smallest height in a central portion of the vane 35 and wherein some of the vanes 36 have a smallest height in at least two sections in longitudinal direction of that vane, spaced from a centre of that vane 36.
  • the two types of vanes 35, 36 are arranged in an alternating fashion. If the vanes 35, 36 are not moving in a synchronized fashion, air displaced by a high portion of one vane 35 or 36 can pass relatively easily along an adjacent low portion of a neighbouring vane 36, 35. Thus, air is to a lesser extent trapped between vanes 35, 36 and a larger volume of air displaced by one vane 35, 36 is picked up by the neighbouring vane 36, 35 upon the next movement of the neighbouring vane 36, 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Passiver, wärmeisolierter Behälter (1) zum Transport von Produkten bei einer Temperatur über oder unter der Umgebungstemperatur, wobei der Behälter (1) umfasst:
    eine obere Wand (2), vertikale Wände (3, 4, 5, 6) und eine untere Wand (7), die wärmeisoliert sind und die eine Transportkammer (8) zur Aufnahme von zu transportierenden Produkten begrenzen;
    Warenträger (9) in der Transportkammer (8), wobei die Warenträger (9) so geformt und dimensioniert sind, dass sie Durchgänge für die Zirkulation von Luft durch die Warenträger (9) und/oder zwischen den Warenträgern (9) und den vertikalen Wänden (3, 4, 5, 6) freilassen; und
    wenigstens einen Wärmespeicher (29, 30);
    wobei wenigstens ein Flügel (35, 36) in der Transportkammer (8), um wenigstens eine Drehachse (77) drehbar aufgehängt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Drehachse (77) an wenigstens einer festen Position relativ zu der Transportkammer (8) angeordnet ist, so dass der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) sich jeweils um die wenigstens eine Drehachse (77) als Reaktion auf die Bewegung des Behälters (1) dreht, was wiederum eine Bewegung der Luft in der Transportkammer (8) in der Nähe des Flügels (35, 36) bewirkt.
  2. Behälter (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) für eine oszillierende Bewegung als Reaktion auf die Bewegung des Behälters (1) aufgehängt ist.
  3. Behälter (1) nach Anspruch 2, wobei der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) Teil einer Schaukel (37, 38) ist.
  4. Behälter (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) unterhalb des wenigstens einen Wärmespeichers (29, 30) angeordnet ist, wobei sich Aufhängungsarme (39, 40) der Schaukel (37, 38) vertikal entlang wenigstens eines Abschnitts des wenigstens einen Wärmespeichers (29, 30) erstrecken, und wobei die Aufhängungsarme (39, 40) so aufgehängt sind, dass sie um die wenigstens eine Drehachse (77) schwenkbar sind, und wobei die wenigstens eine Drehachse (77) oberhalb eines untersten Endes des wenigstens einen Wärmespeichers (29, 30) angeordnet ist.
  5. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei alle Warenträger (9) unterhalb des wenigstens einen Wärmespeichers (29, 30) oder alle Warenträger (9) oberhalb des wenigstens einen Wärmespeichers (29, 30) angeordnet sind, und wobei der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) zwischen dem wenigstens einen Wärmespeicher (29, 30) auf einer Seite und allen Warenträgern (9) auf einer gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordnet ist.
  6. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend eine Abschirmung (41) zwischen dem wenigstens einen Flügel (35, 36) auf einer Seite und den Warenträgern (9) auf einer gegenüberliegenden Seite, wobei die Abschirmung (41) so geformt und dimensioniert ist, dass sie Durchgänge (42, 43, 44, 45, 46) für die Zirkulation von Luft durch die Abschirmung (41) und/oder zwischen der Abschirmung (41) und den vertikalen Wänden (3, 4, 5, 6) freilassen.
  7. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der mehrere des wenigstens einen Flügels (35, 36) umfasst, die im Allgemeinen parallel zueinander in einer Reihe in horizontaler Richtung quer zu den Haupterstreckungsachsen der Flügel (35, 36) angeordnet sind.
  8. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der wenigstens eine Flügel (35, 36) in horizontaler Richtung langgestreckt ist, und wobei wenigstens einer des wenigstens einen Flügel (35, 36) Höhen aufweist, die entlang der Länge dieses wenigstens einen Flügels (35, 36) variieren.
  9. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei wenigstens mehrere des wenigstens einen Flügels (35, 36) Höhen aufweisen, die entlang der Längen der jeweiligen der mehreren Flügel variieren, wobei einige der jeweiligen der mehreren Flügel eine kleinste Höhe in einem zentralen Abschnitt eines jeweiligen Flügels aufweisen, und wobei einige der jeweiligen der mehreren Flügel eine kleinste Höhe in wenigstens zwei Abschnitten in Längsrichtung eines jeweiligen Flügels aufweisen, die von einer Mitte eines jeweiligen Flügels beabstandet sind.
  10. Behälter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die obere Wand (2), die vertikalen Wände (3, 4, 5, 6) und die untere Wand (7) eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als 0,8 W/m2.K. aufweisen.
EP20209856.2A 2019-11-29 2020-11-25 Passiver thermisch isolierter transportbehälter Active EP3828485B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2024343A NL2024343B1 (en) 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Passive thermally insulated transport container

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3828485A1 EP3828485A1 (de) 2021-06-02
EP3828485B1 true EP3828485B1 (de) 2023-09-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20209856.2A Active EP3828485B1 (de) 2019-11-29 2020-11-25 Passiver thermisch isolierter transportbehälter

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EP (1) EP3828485B1 (de)
NL (1) NL2024343B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023167639A1 (en) * 2022-03-04 2023-09-07 Jae Suk Hwang A cooling container

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1939957A (en) * 1931-11-30 1933-12-19 Fred J Day Method and improved means for precooling refrigerator cars
US20060174648A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-08-10 Gary Lantz Insulated shipping container and method
DE202012101093U1 (de) * 2012-03-27 2012-07-03 Viessmann Kältetechnik AG PCM-Element
CN208720605U (zh) * 2015-10-09 2019-04-09 Ite株式会社 用于在蓄冷设备中维持冷藏温度的系统

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NL2024343B1 (en) 2021-08-31
EP3828485A1 (de) 2021-06-02

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